JPS60127904A - Cutting tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve cutting efficiency by reducing friction energy at the time of cutting by providing a fluid flow path on the contact face of a cutting tool to a material to be cut and a device for supplying a predetermined fluid to the face of the material to be cut through the fluid flow path at the time of cutting. CONSTITUTION:A cutting edge chip 1 is fixed to a cutting end of a shoe 2 by a stop bolt 6. A flow path 3 is provided to be connected to the chip 1 and the shoe 2 and a concentrated flow path 4 is provided to be connected to the flow path 3 so that the flow path becomes narrow and pressure is increased, and the open end of the concentrated flow path 4 is provided on a cutting end face 5 of the chip 1. The fluid stored in a tank 14 is pressurized and supplied to the flow path 3 and the concentrated flow path 4 by a pump 15, and jet from the cutting end face 5 which is the open end. At this time, the fluid are used nitrogen and others as gas and water and others as liquid. Then, energy given from friction between the tool and the material to be cut is reduced at the time of cutting and cut processing can be made efficiently.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、被切削物を切削加工する際に、その切削用工
具の本体内部からもしくは工具作動面から被切削体加工
面へ特定の流体、その流体は切削加工に適合する摩擦係
数を付与するだめの流体の噴出をし加工エネルギーを省
力し、同時に噴出と加工のために発生する起動力を利用
しまたはさらに外部から所要の通電をすることでエネル
ギー金印加して、切削加工を効果的にすることができる
工具に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION When cutting a workpiece, the present invention provides a method for applying a specific fluid from inside the main body of the cutting tool or from the working surface of the tool to the processing surface of the workpiece. It saves machining energy by ejecting a fluid that provides an appropriate coefficient of friction, and at the same time applies energy by using the starting force generated for the ejection and processing, or by applying the required current from the outside. , relates to a tool that can make cutting work more effective.

在来の一般的に用いる切削加工では、加工に要する全エ
ネルギーのうち、工具と加工面との摩擦によるエネルギ
ーは、切削そのもののエネルギーよりもきわめて大であ
ることが知られている。前者が７０〜９０チで後者が３
０〜１０％であると知られている。この場合、前者は、
ｌ”Ｌ　’ｆ摩擦によって工具加工面に生ずる圧力と切
削速度との積の函数であることが知られている。したが
って、エネルギー省力には、摩擦による所要エネルギー
を小にすることがきわめて重要なものである。It is known that in the conventional and commonly used cutting process, out of the total energy required for the process, the energy due to friction between the tool and the machined surface is much larger than the energy of the cutting itself. The former is 70 to 90 inches and the latter is 3
It is known to be between 0 and 10%. In this case, the former is
It is known that L'f is a function of the product of the pressure generated on the tool machining surface due to friction and the cutting speed. Therefore, in order to save energy, it is extremely important to reduce the energy required due to friction. It is something.

これらの概念に基づいて、切削時の所要エネルギーを小
にすることを目的とし、この目的を達成するために欠配
の工具を提供する。すなわち、工具の処理する被加工面
に工具面から流体を噴出させ、捷だ切削チップを回転ま
たは移動させる作動しながら流体を噴出させ、寸だこれ
らの作業の間に外部から所要の通電により或は熱起電力
を利用して電解作用を加え、これらによって総合的に全
体の合計摩擦係数を小にするように形成した工具全提供
する。Based on these concepts, the aim is to reduce the energy required during cutting, and to achieve this aim a missing tool is provided. That is, fluid is ejected from the tool surface onto the workpiece surface to be processed by the tool, the fluid is ejected while rotating or moving the cut cutting tip, and during these operations, the required electrical current is applied from the outside. provides a tool that is formed so as to use thermoelectromotive force to apply electrolytic action, thereby reducing the total coefficient of friction as a whole.

前記の噴出流体としては、気体としては例えば窒素、ア
ルゴン、ヘリウム、水蒸気、炭酸ガス等を用い、液体と
しては水、水と界面活性剤、例えばラウリル酸を分散含
有させた水、シリコン系オイルを分散させた水等、さら
にこれらに窒化ホウ素、グラファイト、二硫化タングス
テン、二硫化モリブデンなどを任意に選択してその微粉
を混合させたもの等を使用する。土だ気体と液体を混合
したもの等を用いる。こｈ−ら流体を切削面に噴出させ
る。As the ejected fluid, gases such as nitrogen, argon, helium, water vapor, carbon dioxide, etc. are used, and liquids include water, water containing water and a surfactant such as lauric acid dispersed therein, and silicone oil. A mixture of dispersed water, etc., and fine powder of boron nitride, graphite, tungsten disulfide, molybdenum disulfide, etc. arbitrarily selected is used. A mixture of soil, gas, and liquid is used. The fluid is ejected onto the cutting surface.

次に、本発明を一実施例について説明する。Next, one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

第１図は、本発明の一実施例の一部拡大側断面図を示す
。台金２の切削端に切削刃物チップ１を留めボールトロ
で固着する。この例示図のものは、チップ１と台金２と
の接触部は密接し固着し７たものであるが、用途に応じ
会戦な場合は適当な間隙を設けて流体噴出流路を備える
ことができる。図示のものは、切削部面に噴出する特定
の流体、例えば後記する第１表のように、流体を供給し
台金２及びチップ１に連通して設けた流路３ｆ：通し狭
くし増圧するように設けた集流路４に導き、その開口端
であるチップ１の切削端面５から噴出する。FIG. 1 shows a partially enlarged side sectional view of one embodiment of the invention. A cutting blade tip 1 is fastened to the cutting end of the base metal 2 and fixed with a ball trowel. In this example, the contact part between the chip 1 and the base metal 2 is tightly fixed 7, but depending on the application, if it is a serious battle, an appropriate gap may be provided to provide a fluid ejection channel. I can do it. The one shown in the figure is a flow channel 3f which is provided to supply fluid and communicate with the base metal 2 and the tip 1. The flow path 3f is narrowed and pressure increased. The liquid is introduced into the flow collecting channel 4 provided in this manner, and is ejected from the cutting end surface 5 of the chip 1, which is the open end thereof.

この例示の流路は、台金２とチップｌとの内面に穿孔さ
れている。流体はタンク１４に貯えられポンプ１５によ
って加圧供給される。流体の加圧噴出圧は１．００−５
０００　Ｋｇ／ｃ＋＋ｆ程度を用いる。The flow path in this example is bored into the inner surfaces of the base metal 2 and the chip l. The fluid is stored in a tank 14 and supplied under pressure by a pump 15. Pressure ejection pressure of fluid is 1.00-5
000 Kg/c++f is used.

第２図は、他の一応用実施例の一部拡大側断面図を示す
。チップ１を円錐台形に回転中心対称に形成し、回転中
心をボルト６で台金２に回転自在に装着する。８がボー
ル軸受である。９はチップ１の底面周端に圧接する摩擦
車で流体流路３内に挿入した回転軸１２によって回転し
、チップ１に回転を与える。軸１２０回転は動力部１０
と動力伝達部１１とから成る駆動部２０の作用によって
与えられる。FIG. 2 shows a partially enlarged side sectional view of another applied embodiment. A chip 1 is formed into a truncated conical shape symmetrical about the rotation center, and is rotatably mounted on the base metal 2 with a bolt 6 at the rotation center. 8 is a ball bearing. Reference numeral 9 denotes a friction wheel that presses against the peripheral edge of the bottom surface of the chip 1, and is rotated by a rotating shaft 12 inserted into the fluid flow path 3, thereby imparting rotation to the chip 1. 120 rotations of shaft is power part 10
and a power transmission section 11.

動力部モータとしてはトルク１５０〜２００　ｆｒ−副
、５０Ｗ程度のものを用い、切刃チップを３０〜１１０
０ＲＰ程度の速度で回転する。切削部面に噴出させる流
体は供給口１３から供給し流路３を辿りチップ１と台金
２の隙間７から噴出する。As the power part motor, use a motor with a torque of 150 to 200 fr-auxiliary, about 50 W, and a cutting edge of 30 to 110 fr.
Rotates at a speed of about 0RP. The fluid to be ejected onto the cutting surface is supplied from the supply port 13, follows the flow path 3, and is ejected from the gap 7 between the tip 1 and the base metal 2.

図示の例を変形して、図示しないが、例えば留めボール
トロの１ｌｌｌ＋周に沿って噴流することも、第１図に
示すチップ内流路を通し先端５から噴流するように流路
を設けることもできる。なお図示しないがチップ１と被
切削物間に通電して供給液を１１Ｌ解し発止ガスを切削
面に介在させて摩擦を軽減させることができる。この場
合、熱起電力を利用するにはチップと被切削物間に通電
路を形成するようにすればよい。Although not shown, it is possible to modify the illustrated example, for example, by providing a flow path so that the jet flows along the 1llll+ circumference of the retaining ball tube, or from the tip 5 through the flow path in the chip shown in FIG. can. Although not shown in the drawings, it is possible to reduce friction by passing electricity between the tip 1 and the object to be cut, dissolving 11 L of the supply liquid, and intervening generation gas on the cutting surface. In this case, in order to utilize thermoelectromotive force, a current conducting path may be formed between the tip and the object to be cut.

いま、被切削材５４５Ｃ（約０．４５係炭素鋼）の６５
ｍｍφで長さ３００關の丸棒を、切削速度５０〜２００
ｙ＋＋／訓、切込深さ２闘、送り０．３諭／ｒ　ｅ　ｖ
、で切削した場合の試験結果を一連のものとして第１表
に比較して示した。使用チップはＴｉＣ被覆をしたＷＣ
焼結チップを用いた。Now, the material to be cut is 545C (approximately 0.45 carbon steel).
A round bar with a length of 300 mmφ is cut at a cutting speed of 50 to 200.
y++/Kun, depth of cut 2K, feed 0.3K/R e v
Table 1 shows a series of test results when cutting with . The chip used is WC coated with TiC.
A sintered chip was used.

第１表は、本発明の実施例が、きわめて顕著にエネルギ
ー省力を達成することができたこと金、明確に認められ
、本発明によるときわめて有効な切削効率がもたらされ
たくとが判然とした。Table 1 clearly shows that the embodiments of the present invention were able to achieve very significant energy savings, and it is clear that the present invention provides very effective cutting efficiency. did.

第１表試験結果 第１表を説明する。在来法と比較し、本発明の工具を用
いた試験では、いずれも切削入力が顕著に減少１−だ。Table 1 Test results Table 1 will be explained. In all tests using the tool of the present invention, the cutting force was significantly reduced by 1- compared to the conventional method.

切削入力はいずれも１．０〜１．６ＫＷ入力を示し、在
来法の工具切削に対し約半減入力を示した。The cutting power was 1.0 to 1.6 KW in all cases, which was approximately half the power required for conventional tool cutting.

噴流と電解通電を併用した場合は安定しておシ、通電電
力を含めても、きわめて低い入力を示した。When jet flow and electrolytic energization were used together, the results were stable, and even when energizing power was included, the input was extremely low.

噴流中に中性気体を、第１表ではＮＯ，４試験で窒素ガ
スとともに噴流を行い、入力は表示のように少し多くを
要したが、この場合は噴出液量を減少して用いることが
でき、加工条件によっては省エネルギー目的に、他の試
験の場合と同様に、有効に用いることが可能であること
が立証された。Neutral gas was used in the jet stream, NO in Table 1, nitrogen gas in the 4 test, and a little more input was required as shown, but in this case it is possible to reduce the amount of liquid ejected. It has been proven that, depending on the processing conditions, it can be effectively used for energy saving purposes, as in other tests.

本発明の工具の内部から流体を噴出しまたは加工面と工
具の間に常に噴出流体を介在させて切削加工をするもの
は、加工速度を高め、加工入力を減少する点で、きわめ
て有効である。The tool of the present invention, which performs cutting by ejecting fluid from inside or constantly intervening ejected fluid between the machining surface and the tool, is extremely effective in increasing machining speed and reducing machining input. .

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は本発明の一実施例の一部拡大側断面図。 第２図は他の応用実施例の一部拡大側断面図。 ｌ・・・チップ　２・・・台金 ３．４・・・流体流路　１３・・・噴出流体供給口４・
・・噴出口　５・・・チップ切削端６・・・止めボール
ド　７・・・チップと合金の隙間８・・・軸受ボール　
９・・・回転車 １２・・・回転軸　１５・・・ポンプ ２０・・・駆動部 特許出願人　株式会社井上ジャパックス研究所代理人　
弁理士　中　西　−FIG. 1 is a partially enlarged side sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged side sectional view of another applied example. l...Chip 2...Base metal 3.4...Fluid channel 13...Ejected fluid supply port 4.
・・Spout port 5・Chip cutting end 6・Stopping ball 7・Gap between chip and alloy 8・Bearing ball
9...Rotating wheel 12...Rotating shaft 15...Pump 20...Drive unit Patent applicant Inoue Japax Laboratory Co., Ltd. Agent
Patent Attorney Nakanishi −

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 １　被切削物に当接し切削する工具の該当接面部に一端
が開口し他端を流体の供給口とする流体流路分備え、該
流体流路を通して切削時に所要の圧力をもって切削に適
合する流体を被切削形成面に供給する流体加圧供給装置
を設けたことを特徴とした切削工具。 ２　切削工具に設けた流体流路が切削チップ取伺部の隙
間から当接面部に開口する特許請求の範囲の第１項に記
載の切削工具。 ３　切削工具の内部に設けた流体流路が切削チップに穿
孔した流路から当接面部に開口する特許請求の範囲第１
項に記載の切削工具。[Scope of Claims] 1. A fluid flow path having one end open and the other end serving as a fluid supply port is provided on the corresponding contact surface of a tool that comes into contact with and cuts the workpiece, and the required pressure during cutting is applied through the fluid flow path. A cutting tool characterized by being provided with a fluid pressurization supply device that supplies a fluid suitable for cutting to a surface to be cut. 2. The cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the fluid flow path provided in the cutting tool opens from the gap in the cutting tip receiving portion to the contact surface portion. 3. Claim 1, in which the fluid flow path provided inside the cutting tool opens from the flow path bored in the cutting tip to the abutting surface portion.
Cutting tools as described in Section.