JPS5985393A - Cutting device under heating - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To heat locally a work and to work a difficultly machinable material with ease by juxtaposing a laser beam generator with a machine tool for cutting and moving a mechanism for irradiating a laser beam in synchronization with the movement of a tool post. CONSTITUTION:Laser light 17 from a laser oscillator 8 passes optical paths 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 26 and irradiates a work 7. Thus the light 17 passes the upper part of a cutting tool 5a and heats locally the work 7 just before the tool. Even if the tool 5a moves in an X-axis direction in the stage of machining, laser guide paths 14, 15 are united to a tool post 5 and therefore the laser beam moves integrally with the tool 5a thereby cutting the work under heating. Even if the tool 5a moves in the Z-axis direction, the guide paths 10, 11 for beam light 19 expand or contract by which the work is cut under heating. The tool 5a is removed and the laser beam is similarly irradiated on the surface of the work after the cutting under heating, whereby the work is heat treated.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔発明の利用分野〕 本発明は、旋削装置に係り、特に、高Ｍ、鋼のような暢
削材を能率的に加工し、かつ、旋削と同時に表面熱処理
を可能とする加熱切削装置に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a turning device, and in particular, it is capable of efficiently processing high-M, smooth-cutting materials such as steel, and can perform surface heat treatment at the same time as turning. The present invention relates to a heating cutting device.

〔従来技術〕[Prior art]

従来、妬ト削材であるＥ　Ｍ−鋼の旋削は、超高合金の
バイトでは直ちに摩耗して、旋削ができず、ダイヤモン
ド工具によっている。しかし、ダイヤモンド工具でも、
切削能率が怨く多大の工数を要しているのが実情である
。Conventionally, turning of EM steel, which is a cutting material, has been done using a diamond tool because a tool made of ultra-high alloy wears out quickly and cannot be turned. However, even diamond tools
The reality is that it requires a large amount of man-hours and reduces cutting efficiency.

〔発明の目的〕[Purpose of the invention]

本発明は難削材でも、加工する前にバイトの接触する部
分が数百度に加熱されていると切削性が急激に向上する
ことに着目し、ワークとバイトの接触部上方に、レーザ
ビームをスポット的に照射し、材質の内部変化に影響を
与えることなく、切削部のみを加熱し、加熱部を直ちに
削υ取る加熱切削装置を提供するにある。The present invention focuses on the fact that the machinability of materials that are difficult to cut can be sharply improved if the part in contact with the cutting tool is heated to several hundred degrees before machining. To provide a heating cutting device that irradiates in spots, heats only the cutting part without affecting internal changes in the material, and immediately cuts off the heated part.

〔発明の概要〕[Summary of the invention]

本発明の要点は、旋削する工作機械にレーザビームして
動き、ワークに与えられるレーザエネルギーを一定にす
ることか、ら、ワークの局部加熱を一定とし、かつバイ
トとレーザビームが連ＮＩＪシて動くことから、ワーク
全面を同一条件で７１１１熱切削でき、また、旋削後、
バイトを除去し、レーザビームだけをワークに照射する
ことに上シ、ワークの表面熱処理も可能とするにおる。The main point of the present invention is to keep the laser energy applied to the workpiece constant by moving the machine tool that performs turning with a laser beam, so that the local heating of the workpiece can be kept constant, and the cutting tool and the laser beam are continuously connected to the NIJ machine. Since it moves, the entire surface of the workpiece can be thermally cut under the same conditions, and after turning,
In addition to removing the cutting tool and irradiating the workpiece with only the laser beam, it also enables surface heat treatment of the workpiece.

〔発明の実施例〕[Embodiments of the invention]

本発明の一実施例を第１図、第２図、第３図によシ説明
する。An embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3.

１は旋削機械本体、２は機械本体１の効力にょシ旋回す
る面板、２ａは面板２と一体となりワーク７を支持する
チャックである。５は刃具５ａを支持し、エプロン４上
をＸ軸方向に移動可能とするテーブル４ａに装備された
バイト台。１ａは、エプロン４とねじ結合され、機械本
体１の動力によｐＺＺ軸方向駆動する送りねじ軸である
。６はワークの他端を支持するテールストックで、機械
本体１のベース３上をＺ軸方向に移動可能になっている
。1 is a main body of a turning machine; 2 is a face plate that rotates under the influence of the machine main body 1; and 2a is a chuck that is integrated with the face plate 2 and supports a workpiece 7. Reference numeral 5 denotes a cutting tool stand mounted on a table 4a that supports the cutting tool 5a and is movable on the apron 4 in the X-axis direction. 1a is a feed screw shaft that is screwed to the apron 4 and driven in the pZZ axial direction by the power of the machine body 1. A tail stock 6 supports the other end of the workpiece, and is movable on the base 3 of the machine body 1 in the Z-axis direction.

８は機械本体に並置されたレーザ発生装置である。レー
ザ光１７はレーザガイド路９を上方に照射され、平面ミ
シー１８で９０°屈折し、伸縮向ｔｂなガイド路１０．
１１内を通って、レーザ光１９は直進する。平面ミラー
２０は、テーブル４ａと一体となる支持台１２ｇで支持
されたガ・１゛ド路コーナ１２内にあって、ガイド路１
３の方向に９０’屈折させる。レーザ光１３は、刃物台
５上のガイド路１４上部平面ミラー２２でＴ方に９０’
屈折し、屈折光２３は、更に、ガイド路１４内の平面ミ
ラー２４で、ワーク７の方向に屈折させる。凸レンズ２
７は、平面ミラー２４で屈折してきた光を集光し、テー
パガイド路１６内を通シヮーク７の表面でレーザエネル
ギーが最適になるようにするものである。また、この時
、バイト５ａはワークに接し、切削可能寸法になるよう
に凸レンズ２７を調整する。8 is a laser generator placed in parallel with the machine body. The laser beam 17 is irradiated upward through the laser guide path 9, is refracted by 90 degrees at the flat surface 18, and is guided through the guide path 10 in the expansion/contraction direction tb.
The laser beam 19 travels straight through the inside of the laser beam 11 . The plane mirror 20 is located within the guide path 1 corner 12 supported by a support base 12g integrated with the table 4a.
It is bent 90' in the direction of 3. The laser beam 13 is transmitted 90' in the T direction by the guide path 14 on the tool rest 5 and the upper plane mirror 22.
The refracted light 23 is further refracted toward the workpiece 7 by a plane mirror 24 in the guide path 14 . convex lens 2
7 condenses the light refracted by the plane mirror 24 and passes it through the tapered guide path 16 so that the laser energy is optimized on the surface of the shake 7. Also, at this time, the cutting tool 5a comes into contact with the workpiece, and the convex lens 27 is adjusted so that it has a dimension that allows cutting.

以上の構成から、レーザ光１７は、レーザ発生装置Ｐ！
、８から出て、光路１７，１９，２１，２３゜２５．２
６のように通シ、ワーク７に照射できる。From the above configuration, the laser beam 17 is transmitted to the laser generator P!
, 8, optical path 17, 19, 21, 23° 25.2
As shown in 6, the workpiece 7 can be irradiated.

この結果、ワーク加工用パイ１−５ａの上部をレーザ光
が通シ、かつ、ワーク７をバイト直前で局部加熱できる
ことから、ワーク７を第３図に示す矢印方向に回転させ
ることにより、加熱切削が可能となる。また、レーザガ
イド路１４．１５がバイト台５と一体になっていること
から、バイト５ａとレーザビーム２６とは常時一定の寸
法にあシ、ワーク・ｊｕ工時、パイ）５ａがＸ軸方向に
移動しても、レーザビームはバイト５ａと一体となって
ｉ６動し、連続加熱切削が可能である。また、パイ）５
ａがＺ軸方向に移動してワーク７を加工する際も、レー
ザビーム光１９のガイド路が１０゜１１で伸縮自在にな
っていることから、Ｚ軸方向の加工の際も連続加熱切削
ができる。As a result, the laser beam passes through the upper part of the workpiece machining pie 1-5a, and the workpiece 7 can be locally heated just before the cutting tool, so by rotating the workpiece 7 in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. becomes possible. In addition, since the laser guide path 14.15 is integrated with the cutting tool stand 5, the cutting tool 5a and the laser beam 26 always have a constant dimension. Even when the cutting tool 5a moves, the laser beam moves integrally with the cutting tool 5a, allowing continuous heating cutting. Also, pie) 5
Even when a moves in the Z-axis direction to process the workpiece 7, the guide path of the laser beam 19 is expandable and retractable at 10 degrees 11, so continuous heating cutting is possible even during processing in the Z-axis direction. can.

同様にして、加熱切削後のワークに、バイト５　ａ　ｒ
、除去した状態で、ワーク表面にレーザビームを照射す
ることによシヮーク表面の熱処理加工も可能である。In the same way, cutter 5 a r is applied to the workpiece after heating cutting.
It is also possible to heat-treat the shake surface by irradiating the work surface with a laser beam in the removed state.

本発明では、旋削について述べたが、フライス加工に於
いても、同様にバイトの前に、レーザビームを照射させ
、加熱切削させることが、容易にわかる。In the present invention, turning has been described, but it is easy to understand that in milling, a laser beam is similarly irradiated and heated cutting is performed before the cutting tool.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

本発明によれば、ワークを加工する際、レーザビームの
照射により、局部加熱切削ができることから、高Ｍ、＠
のような離削材の加工が容易に出来、加工費の大＋１］
低減が図れる。また、バイトを除き、レーザビームだけ
のワーク表面照射が可能な事から、表面熱処理が連続し
て出来る。According to the present invention, when processing a workpiece, local heating cutting can be performed by laser beam irradiation, so high M, @
Easily machining off-cutting materials, such as machining costs +1
This can be reduced. In addition, since it is possible to irradiate the workpiece surface with only a laser beam, except for the cutting tool, surface heat treatment can be performed continuously.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は本発明の一実施例の加熱切削装置の平面図、第
２図は第１図の正面図、第３図は第１図の■−川用視断
面図である。FIG. 1 is a plan view of a heated cutting device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 1 in FIG.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] １、　刃物台と、レーザビーム照射機構と、このレーザ
ビーム照射ｉＭ　構を前記刃物台移動と同期して移動す
る手段とからなることを特徴とする加熱切削装置。1. A heating cutting device comprising a tool post, a laser beam irradiation mechanism, and means for moving the laser beam irradiation mechanism in synchronization with the movement of the tool post.