JPS5947038A - Formation of superplastic metallic material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To raise productivity without exerting a large distortion stress on a thin plate material, by laminating a dummy member consisting of a metal of the same kind to a superplastic metallic thin plate material to be formed. CONSTITUTION:A superplastic metallic thin plate material 3 to be formed and a dummy sample 4 consisting of a superplastic metallic material of the same kind, which executes the same action as said thin plate material 3 are put on a die 2, and a punch 1 is pressed from its upper part. The punch 1 and the die 2 are heated, their temperature is raised to a specified temperature area, and thereafter, the punch 1 is depressed at a working speed corresponding to their virtual plate thickness (t). The thin plate material 3 and the dummy sample 4 show the same state as a deformed state shown by a base material of the plate thickness (t), and are formed as one body virtually. In this way, the thin plate material 3 is not broken in a corner part of the die 2 nor causes a local contration in a vertical part, and is formed exactly in a short time.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、超塑性加工特性を有する金１４材料の成形方
法に関し、より詳しくは、超！／Ｉ１月１加工特性を有
する薄板材の成形方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for forming a gold-14 material having superplastic processing properties, and more particularly, to a method for forming a gold-14 material having superplastic processing characteristics. /I January 1 Relates to a method for forming a thin plate material having processing characteristics.

超ｙ′Ｊｊ性金属は、特定の温度領域において比ｑｔＱ
的小さな荷重で大きな変形能を示し１、その変形能と変
形応力は歪速度に大きく依存するから、大変−形を与え
るには特定の歪速度領域で加工する心臓がある。Super y′Jj metals have a ratio qtQ in a specific temperature range
It exhibits large deformability under a relatively small load (1), and its deformability and deformation stress greatly depend on the strain rate, so in order to give it a large shape, it is necessary to process it in a specific strain rate range.

このため、超塑性金属を超塑性状態、つ捷りきわめて大
きな伸びを示す特定の温度領域で、かつ特定の歪速度領
域で加工する場合、とりわけ、圧印加工、エンボス加工
のような圧縮を利用した加工を加える場合には、加工ず
べき素材の板厚が肋い程、厚みの減少量、つ祉り変形能
が大きくなり、変形応力が増大するから、これに応じて
歪速度を減少させなければならない。このことｔｉｔ：
　、加圧成形装置の速度制御を困難なものとするし１゛
かりでなく、素材成形に要１゛る時間の増大と−１を同
一温度に維持する咳藁する燃費の増加をもたらし、さら
には、被成形荷重の増加と熱的影響に基づく金型寿命の
著しい低下を招来する。For this reason, when processing superplastic metals in a superplastic state, at a specific temperature range where they exhibit extremely large elongation and at a specific strain rate range, processing using compression methods such as coining and embossing is particularly important. When processing, the greater the thickness of the material to be processed, the greater the reduction in thickness, the greater the shear deformability, and the greater the deformation stress, so the strain rate must be reduced accordingly. Must be. This tit:
This not only makes it difficult to control the speed of the pressure molding device, but also increases the time required to mold the material and increases the fuel consumption required to maintain the material at the same temperature. This results in an increase in the molding load and a significant reduction in mold life due to thermal effects.

他方、素材の板厚に応じた成形速度をもってその変形応
力を一定のレベルに糺持させ／ｌとし、ても、例えばコ
ーナ一部分や素材に垂直な張出し部分等、薄い素材に対
して大きな変形９を求めｌｊような部分に、素材の伸び
すぎによる破断とか、塑性流動の減少による成形不良が
生じ、さらには、凸部成形部の裏面にゴーストと呼ばれ
る未充填部分が生じるといった問題が起きる。On the other hand, even if the deformation stress is maintained at a constant level by the forming speed according to the thickness of the material, for example, a large deformation of a thin material such as a part of a corner or an overhang part perpendicular to the material may occur.9 Problems occur such as breakage due to excessive elongation of the material, poor molding due to decreased plastic flow, and unfilled portions called ghosts on the back surface of the convex molded portion.

本発明は、上述した問題にト乃、ｉ４（％、ｌ性加工特
性を翁する金胱膏゛板材を、通常の超塑性金属材の加工
と同様もしくはそね以上の速ＩＪｊで、し、かも、１）
ν′ζ細な点に到る寸で正確かつ容易に球形Ｌ−イ４′
する耕たな成形方法を提供することを１」的とする。The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem by processing a metal sheet material having a characteristic of i4(%, l) at a processing speed similar to or higher than that of normal superplastic metal materials, and Maybe 1)
ν'ζ Spherical L-I4' accurately and easily with dimensions down to a fine point
Our objective is to provide an easy-to-use molding method.

すなわち、本発明の特徴とする点は、嗜（（成７Ｆ、ｇ
　？ｌｒ板材の黒面に、同一の超ｔ！１ｌＪ（’：ｉＥ
力１」工費性をイ」する板材を重ね合わせて見かけ上の
板厚を増加さぜ、この見かけ上の板厚に対応し、ｆｃ加
工速度を・もって成形することにある。In other words, the feature of the present invention is that
? The same super t on the black side of the lr board material! 1lJ(':iE
The purpose of this method is to increase the apparent thickness of the plates by overlapping them with one another in terms of construction cost, and to form them at a fc processing speed that corresponds to this apparent thickness.

そこで、以下に本発明の詳細を実施例に基ついて説明す
る。Therefore, the details of the present invention will be explained below based on examples.

第１図は本発明に基づく超塑性金属８り板材の成形工程
の一例を示−４−ものであって、園中祠号１゜２　ｌ′
ｉ、この成形加工に使用される上型と下型で、下型２に
は、製品の−ｍ１に形成ずべき凸部に対応する凹部２ａ
が型Ｉ’ｌｌ＞すされていえ・。FIG. 1 shows an example of the process of forming a superplastic metal sheet according to the present invention.
i. In the upper and lower molds used for this molding process, the lower mold 2 has a recess 2a corresponding to the convex part to be formed at -m1 of the product.
But I'll be able to do it.

上記した下型２しく二、成形すべき超ｙ１す性金ス・］
；、ん板材６と、この金属薄板材６と同じ）８狸）をす
る同種の超塑性金属材からなるダミーサンプル４を雷ね
、その−ヒから上型１を押圧する（第１図（イ））。上
記したダミーサンプル４は、成形に要する時間を短縮す
べく、薄板材３と一体となって薄板材３の肉厚ｔ１を、
見掛は上所要の歪速度に対応した肉厚ｔにするための犬
き々肉厚ｔ２を有する板材であって、その犬き々変彫旭
をもって、薄板材３のｇｖｊ性流動を補いつつ、下型２
の凹部２ａに対応した凸型を薄型材３に形成させるため
の機能１も同時に有する。The above-mentioned lower mold 2, the super-yellow metal that should be molded]
A plate material 6 and a dummy sample 4 made of the same type of superplastic metal material as the thin metal sheet material 6) are heated, and the upper die 1 is pressed from the plate material 6 (see Fig. 1). stomach)). In order to shorten the time required for molding, the above-mentioned dummy sample 4 is integrated with the thin plate material 3 to reduce the thickness t1 of the thin plate material 3.
The appearance is a plate material having a wall thickness t2 to make the wall thickness t corresponding to the required strain rate. , lower mold 2
It also has a function 1 for forming a convex shape on the thin material 3 corresponding to the concave portion 2a.

このような状態のもとで、上下の型１，２を加熱し、薄
板材６とダミーサンプル４をその超塑性金属の組成によ
って決捷る特定の温度領域に昇温した上、こｉｌらの見
かけ上の板厚ｔに対応し、た加工速度をもって上型１を
押し下げると、薄板材３とダミーサンプル４け、板厚ｔ
の素材かり一する変形態様と同じ態様を示し、見掛は上
一体となって成形される（第１図（ロ））。換言すれば
、この成形過程においてダミーサンプル４は、薄板材乙
に追従して、その塑性流動を補いつつ変形するから、薄
板材３１・ま、下型２のコーナ一部で破断しまたり、あ
るいは垂直な部分で局部的な収縮をきたすこともなく、
さらには、凸部裏面にゴーストを生じることもなく、短
時間のうちに正確に成形される。Under these conditions, the upper and lower molds 1 and 2 are heated, the thin plate material 6 and the dummy sample 4 are heated to a specific temperature range determined by the composition of the superplastic metal, and then the upper and lower molds 1 and 2 are heated. When the upper mold 1 is pushed down at a processing speed corresponding to the apparent plate thickness t, the thin plate 3, 4 dummy samples, and the plate thickness t
It shows the same modification as the one in which the material is the same, and the upper part is apparently molded as one piece (Fig. 1 (b)). In other words, in this molding process, the dummy sample 4 follows the thin plate material B and deforms while compensating for its plastic flow. There is no local contraction in the vertical part,
Furthermore, there is no ghost on the back surface of the convex portion, and the molding can be performed accurately within a short time.

第２図は、本発明方法に基づくエンボス加工工程の一例
を示すものであって、成形すべき超塑性金属からなる薄
板材３に、同種の金属からなる厚肉のダミーサンプル４
を重ね合わせ、こわらを雄型１１と岬型１２により所要
の形状に成形するもので、この成形法においても、薄板
材３の塑性流動はダミーサンプル４によって補わわるが
ら、凹凸部によって大きな変形を受けた薄板材３真面の
撤−１：、シ部分３ａ等にはＲ状部が形成さｔて、局部
的な破断カニ避けられる（第２図（ロ））。FIG. 2 shows an example of an embossing process based on the method of the present invention, in which a thick dummy sample 4 made of the same kind of metal is placed on a thin plate material 3 made of superplastic metal to be formed.
are superimposed, and the stiff material is formed into a desired shape using a male die 11 and a cape die 12. Even in this forming method, the plastic flow of the thin plate material 3 is compensated for by the dummy sample 4, but large deformation is caused by the uneven parts. Removal of the straight surface of the thin plate material 3, which has been subjected to the process (1): R-shaped portions are formed on the edge portions 3a, etc., to avoid local breakage (FIG. 2 (b)).

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

２２重荒係のＡＡ！、０．５重侶−チのＯｕ　ｓ　０．
０５１ｉｊｉ％のλ１ｇ台含むＺｎ　−２２％　Ａ、ｌ
共析微細結晶粒超塑性合金を基本とした厚さｏ６ｏ朋、
直径３０闘の薄い円板状素利に、これと同一合金からな
る厚さ３．６０　ｍｍ、直径３０ｍｍのダミー月日板状
素側を重ね合わせ、これらを２６０　’Ｑに加熱した」
二、片面に凹部を廟する型をもって加工速度０．０１　
ｙｎ＋ａ／＆ＩＣで加工したところ、２０００　ｋｇ０
伺里で縦９ｍｍ、幅６關、高さ１．５間の長方形状の凸
部を４４する円板状の製品を成形することができた。こ
れに対し、ダミー用円板状素材を用いずに行った加工に
おいては、薄い円板上素利に上記したに方体状の凸部を
十分に成形することができなかった。AA of 22 Juara staff! , 0.5 weights - 0.
Zn -22% A, l including λ1g range of 051iji%
Thickness o6o based on eutectoid fine grain superplastic alloy,
A thin disc-shaped blank with a diameter of 30 cm was overlaid with a dummy plate-shaped blank made of the same alloy with a thickness of 3.60 mm and a diameter of 30 mm, and these were heated to 260'Q.
2. Machining speed 0.01 with a mold with a concave part on one side
When processed with yn+a/&IC, 2000 kg0
At Ikiri, we were able to mold a disc-shaped product with 44 rectangular protrusions measuring 9 mm in length, 6 in width, and 1.5 in in height. On the other hand, in the processing performed without using the dummy disk-shaped material, it was not possible to sufficiently form the above-mentioned cube-shaped convex portion on the thin disk-like element.

なお、上述した実施例は、いずれも成形すべき超塑性金
属薄板材の加工精度が間わｆｔない一面に、同種の金属
からなる１枚のダミーサンプル（ｌ：ｉｎ、合するよう
にしたものであるが、見掛は上の板厚を所要の歪速度に
対応させる手段として、２枚あるいはそれ以上のダミー
サンプルを用い、にとも、本発明の好ましい実施例の一
つとして挙けることができる。In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, one dummy sample made of the same type of metal was placed on one side of the superplastic metal thin plate material to be formed, which had limited machining accuracy. However, as a means of making the apparent plate thickness correspond to the required strain rate, it is possible to use two or more dummy samples, which can be mentioned as one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. can.

以上述べたように本発明によれば、成形すべき超塑性金
属薄板材に同種の金属からなるダミ一部材を重合させる
ことによシ、見掛り上の板厚を犬きくし、かつ、見掛は
上の歪量を小さくし得るので、）ｔ）板材に大きな変形
応力を及は゛すことなく、薄板材を通常の超塑性金属の
加工におけると同様の加工速度をもって成形することが
可能となり、その生産性を著［、＜向上させることがで
きる。しかも、成形週程においては、ダミ一部材が薄板
材に追従し２てそのｗｊ性流動を補いつつともに変形す
るから、薄板材に擲求する変形量が過大に過ぎる場合に
おいても、薄板材に生じる局部的な歪を可及的に分散さ
せて、肉厚の減少に基づく破断、しわあるいは収縮とい
った成形不良の原因をなす事態の発生を防ぐことができ
、微細部に到るまで再現性よく転写図形させることがで
きる。As described above, according to the present invention, by polymerizing a dummy member made of the same kind of metal on a superplastic thin metal sheet material to be formed, the apparent thickness of the sheet material can be increased and the apparent thickness can be increased. t) It becomes possible to form a thin plate material at the same processing speed as in normal superplastic metal processing without applying large deformation stress to the plate material. Productivity can be significantly improved. Moreover, during the forming process, the dummy material follows the thin sheet material and deforms while compensating for the wj flow, so even if the amount of deformation required of the thin sheet material is too large, the thin sheet material By dispersing the local strain that occurs as much as possible, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of situations that cause molding defects such as breakage, wrinkles, or shrinkage due to a decrease in wall thickness, and it is possible to reproducibly down to the minute parts. It can be used to transfer figures.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図（イ）、（ロ）は、本発明方法に基づく圧印成形
工程を示す図、第２図（イ）、（ロ）は、同エンボス成
形工程を示す図である。 １．１１，２，１２・・・型、３・・・超塑性金属薄板
材、４・・・ｊｍｉ　朽の金属からなるダミーサンプル
。 第１図FIGS. 1A and 1B are views showing the coining process based on the method of the present invention, and FIGS. 2A and 2B are views showing the same embossing process. 1.11, 2, 12... type, 3... superplastic metal thin plate material, 4... jmi Dummy sample made of decaying metal. Figure 1

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] １、　成形すべき超塑性金属薄板材におＶする寸法精度
の・用求が低い方の一面に、少くども一枚の回棹の超塑
性金属板材をダミーとしで重合するとともに、上記超塑
性金属の組成と、上記画板利を合わせた見掛は上の板Ｊ
・１によって決オるｌ晶度領域と歪速度領域で、上記両
板木４を金型中において一体的に加圧成形するようにし
たことを／ｌ？徴とする超寒月生金属材の成形方法。1. On one side of the superplastic metal sheet material to be formed, which requires low dimensional accuracy, at least one rounded superplastic metal sheet material is used as a dummy and polymerized, and the superplastic metal sheet material is polymerized. The appearance of the metal composition and the above drawing board ratio is the above board J
・The above-mentioned two boards 4 are integrally pressure-formed in a mold in the l crystallinity region and strain rate region determined by 1/l? A method of forming raw metal materials characterized by ultra-cold weather.