JPS5922668B2 - Sunshade materials - Google Patents
Sunshade materialsInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5922668B2 JPS5922668B2 JP52058319A JP5831977A JPS5922668B2 JP S5922668 B2 JPS5922668 B2 JP S5922668B2 JP 52058319 A JP52058319 A JP 52058319A JP 5831977 A JP5831977 A JP 5831977A JP S5922668 B2 JPS5922668 B2 JP S5922668B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- aqueous solution
- gel
- sunshade
- nonionic surfactant
- cloud point
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 48
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006352 transparent thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 ethylene, propylene Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000715 Mucilage Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003898 horticulture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBOCQTNZUPTTEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(hydrazinesulfonyl)phenoxy]benzenesulfonohydrazide Chemical compound C1=CC(S(=O)(=O)NN)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)NN)C=C1 NBOCQTNZUPTTEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000057 Mannan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- XITRBUPOXXBIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) decanedioate Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)NC(C)(C)CC1OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1 XITRBUPOXXBIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000088 plastic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は日除け用資材、特に透光性乃至は遮光性を自
動的に制御し、農作物の栽培、水産物の養殖等に適する
日除け用資材に係わる。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a sunshade material, and particularly to a sunshade material that automatically controls translucency or light-blocking properties and is suitable for cultivating agricultural crops, aquaculture, etc.
日除けの応用範囲は一般家庭、商店の店先、ウィンドウ
における日除け、野積み商品のカバー、家畜舎、農作物
の栽培、水産物の養殖時における日除け等、多岐にわた
り、その資材としても、すだれ、寒冷紗などの薄手の織
物類、キヤンバスのような厚手の織物、着色した樹脂製
のフィルム、シート等、その目的に応じ多種類に及ぶが
、一般的には夏場の日除けが主体である。The range of applications for sunshades is wide-ranging, including sunshades for general households, storefronts, windows, covers for products piled up in the open, livestock sheds, sunshades for agricultural crop cultivation, and aquaculture. There are many types depending on the purpose, such as thin fabrics, thick fabrics such as canvas, colored resin films and sheets, but they are generally used as sunshades in the summer.
しかし、近年農業経営の多様化に伴ない、一年中、日除
けを必要とする分野もでてきている。上記のような各種
用途の中でも、農作物の栽培、水産物の養殖（特に海苔
のような海藻類の養殖）に当つては、その使い方として
日除けを掛けつぱなしにするという方法がとられている
。However, with the diversification of agricultural management in recent years, there are some fields that require shade all year round. Among the various uses mentioned above, for the cultivation of agricultural crops and the cultivation of marine products (particularly the cultivation of seaweed such as nori), the method of use is to leave the sunshade on.
これは労力の節約という面もあるが、掛けたり或いは外
したわする場合、外しているとき、たまたま高温障害を
起すと、これが生育停止につながり、ひいては病気、死
滅、枯死等の弊害を生ずる恐れがあるからである。しか
し、高温障害を恐れる余ヤ、日除けを長期間にわたり掛
けつぱなしにしておくと、太陽光線の通過量不足という
不祥事が起り、生育が遅れ、病気が発生し、収獲物の品
質が低下したり、収獲期が遅れ減収となる等、別の面か
らの弊害が生ずる。This may save labor, but if you happen to experience high temperature damage while hanging or removing the plants, this may lead to a halt in growth, and may even lead to harmful effects such as disease, death, or withering. This is because there is. However, if you are afraid of high-temperature damage and leave the sunshade on for a long period of time, there will be problems such as insufficient amount of sunlight passing through, which will delay growth, cause diseases, and reduce the quality of harvested crops. However, other negative effects arise, such as delays in the harvest season and decreased yields.
かかる弊害を防止するため、作業の合間をみて、その都
度、日除けの掛け及びその外しを行ない、通風などして
適性条件に維持する方法もとられているが、最近のよう
に栽培或いは養殖面積が広くなつていると、その労力は
多大である。In order to prevent such harmful effects, methods such as hanging and removing sunshades between operations and maintaining suitable conditions through ventilation, etc., have been adopted, but recently there has been an increase in the cultivation or aquaculture area. As the area becomes more widespread, the effort required is enormous.
また最近、農業用・・ウスにおいて、電気信号による自
動カーテンでもつて照射日光を調整する試みもみられる
が、かかる設備は極めて高価になク、広く実用化するこ
とはむづかしい。Recently, there have been attempts to adjust the amount of sunlight irradiated by automatic curtains using electric signals for agricultural purposes, but such equipment is extremely expensive and is difficult to put into practical use widely.
しかして、このような実情に鑑みて、本出願人は特別高
価な設備を要することなく、また煩雑な労力を必要とせ
ず、高温障害或いは太陽光線の不十分な照射を回避し、
透光性もしくは遮光性を適宜に自動的に制御し得る日除
け用資材を提供することを目的として実質的に透明な熱
可塑性樹脂よりなるフィルム、シートもしくはプレート
の層間に、１５〜９５℃の雲点を有する界面活性剤水溶
液を挾持してなる日除け用資材（特願昭５１−７７５７
４号）を出願した。However, in view of these circumstances, the present applicant has developed a method that avoids high temperature damage or insufficient irradiation of sunlight without requiring particularly expensive equipment or complicated labor.
For the purpose of providing a sunshading material whose light transmittance or light blocking property can be automatically controlled as appropriate, a cloud at a temperature of 15 to 95°C is placed between the layers of a film, sheet or plate made of a substantially transparent thermoplastic resin. Sunshade material made by sandwiching a surfactant aqueous solution having dots (Patent application 1987-7757)
No. 4) was filed.
しかし、上記出願でもなお次に挙げるような不都合な点
があることが判明した。However, it has been found that the above application still has the following disadvantages.
すなわち、
１熱可塑性樹脂よりなるフイルム形態の層間に非イオン
界面活性剤水溶液のみを封入した場合には、これを日除
け用資材として使用したときに、水溶液が下方に集中し
、いわゆる垂れ下り状態を呈し、均一層間が保たれない
ことになる。In other words, when only a nonionic surfactant aqueous solution is sealed between the layers of a film made of thermoplastic resin, when this is used as a sunshade material, the aqueous solution concentrates downward, causing a so-called sagging condition. Therefore, uniform interlayer spacing cannot be maintained.
２非イオン界面活性剤水溶液は定温度で雲点を示し、白
濁した状態となるが、この雲点以上（非イオン界面活性
剤の種類により水との溶解度が異なり、一概にいえない
が、現象的には２０℃以上）で長時間保たれると非イオ
ン界面活性剤と水との溶解度が減少し、両者が二層に別
れる現象を示す。2 An aqueous solution of a nonionic surfactant exhibits a cloud point at a constant temperature and becomes cloudy; If the nonionic surfactant is kept at a temperature of 20° C. or higher for a long time, the solubility of the nonionic surfactant and water decreases, and the two separate into two layers.
その後に雲点以下の温度範囲に戻つても均一な水溶液に
なるのに長時間必要となり、したがつて日除け用資材と
しての機能が緩慢になる弊害が起る。この弊害はこの水
溶液を封入した系が大きくなればなる程増大する。３非
イオン界面活性剤水溶液のみの場合、封入された系にお
いて透明または不透明を示すには、その系全体の水溶液
温度が非イオン界面活性剤の雲点以上またはそれ以下に
ならないと呈しない〜
これは部分的に雲点以上またはそれ以下の温度状態のと
ころがあると、系内において対流が発生し、均一（質）
な状態に移行しようと作用する為である。Even after the temperature is returned to below the cloud point, it takes a long time to become a uniform aqueous solution, which has the disadvantage of slowing down its function as a sunshade material. This adverse effect increases as the system encapsulating this aqueous solution becomes larger. 3 In the case of only an aqueous solution of a nonionic surfactant, the encapsulated system will not exhibit transparency or opacity unless the temperature of the aqueous solution of the entire system is above or below the cloud point of the nonionic surfactant. If there are parts of the system where the temperature is above or below the cloud point, convection will occur within the system, resulting in uniformity (quality).
This is because it acts to move to a certain state.
これでは系が大きくなつた場合、全体を透明あるいは不
透明にするのに大容量の熱エネルギーを必要とし、した
がつて透明あるいは不透明の可逆が緩慢となり、シビア
一なコントロールを必要とする分野には不向きである。When the system becomes large, a large amount of thermal energy is required to make the entire system transparent or opaque, and the reversibility of transparency or opacity is therefore slow, making it suitable for fields that require severe control. Not suitable.
本発明者は上述した１〜３の欠点を解消すべく鋭意倹討
した結果本発明に到達した。The inventor of the present invention has arrived at the present invention as a result of intensive study to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks 1 to 3.
すなわち本発明の要旨は、少くとも２枚の実質的に透明
な熱可塑性樹脂よりなるフイルム、シートもしくはプレ
ートまたはガラス板の層間に、１５〜９５℃の雲点を有
する非イオン界面活性剤と増粘剤とを含む粘度が８０Ｃ
ＰＳ以上の水溶液またはこれらのゲル状物を介在してな
る日除け用資材に存する。That is, the gist of the present invention is to provide a nonionic surfactant having a cloud point of 15 to 95°C between at least two substantially transparent thermoplastic resin films, sheets or plates or glass plates. Viscosity including adhesive is 80C
It exists in sunshade materials formed by interposing an aqueous solution of PS or higher or a gel-like material thereof.
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。The present invention will be explained in detail below.
本発明資材に用いられるフイルム、シートもしくはプレ
ートを構成する熱可塑性樹脂としては、エチレン、プロ
ピレン、ブテンのようなオレフイン類の単独重合体、共
重合体、ポリエチレンテレフタレートのようなポリエス
テル類、ナイロン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデ
ン、ポリスチレン、ポリメチルメタアクリレート、ポリ
カーボネート、或いはこれらポリマー原料のモノマーの
共重合体、又は上記重合体の混合物のような熱可塑性樹
脂が挙げられ、これらは実質上透明なものであれば何れ
も使用できる。Thermoplastic resins constituting the film, sheet, or plate used in the material of the present invention include homopolymers and copolymers of olefins such as ethylene, propylene, and butene, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, and polyesters. Examples include thermoplastic resins such as vinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, copolymers of monomers of these polymer raw materials, or mixtures of the above polymers, which are substantially transparent. You can use any of them.
そして、これら樹脂は透光性を有すれば着色されていて
もよい。フイルム、シートもしくはプレートの形態に訃
いて上記熱可塑性樹脂は単一或いは二者以上の組合せで
使用されても良い。さらに、これら熱可塑性樹脂のフイ
ルム、シートもしくはプレートのほかに実質的に透明な
ガラス板が使用される。These resins may be colored as long as they have translucency. Depending on the form of film, sheet or plate, the above thermoplastic resins may be used singly or in combination of two or more. Furthermore, in addition to these thermoplastic resin films, sheets, or plates, substantially transparent glass plates may be used.
これらの熱可塑性樹脂のフイルム、シートもしくはプレ
ートまたはガラス板の層間に介在される非イオン界面活
性剤は１５〜９５℃の範囲内に雲点を有するもの、即ち
これら範囲内の雲点以下では実質上透明であるが、その
雲点以上に昇温すると不透明になるものが使用される。The nonionic surfactant interposed between the layers of these thermoplastic resin films, sheets or plates or glass plates has a cloud point within the range of 15 to 95°C, that is, below the cloud point within these ranges, the nonionic surfactant is substantially nonionic. A material that is transparent at the top but becomes opaque when the temperature rises above its cloud point is used.
これらの非イオン界面活性剤を具体的に挙げると次のよ
うなものがある。Specific examples of these nonionic surfactants include the following.
なお、こ＼に示す雲点はその界面活性剤の１重量％水溶
液における雲点である。The cloud point shown here is the cloud point of a 1% by weight aqueous solution of the surfactant.
な訃、ニユーコール（ＮｅｗｃＯｌ）は日本乳化剤（株
）の商標であつて、上に挙げたものは同社の製品である
。Newcol is a trademark of Nippon Nyukazai Co., Ltd., and the products listed above are products of that company.
この他としては、非イオン界面活性剤水溶液として１５
〜９５℃の範囲内で雲点を示すものであれば、特に制限
されるものではない。In addition, as a nonionic surfactant aqueous solution, 15
There is no particular restriction as long as it shows a cloud point within the range of ~95°C.
この非・イオン界面活性剤は、全体の混合水溶液に対し
て、少くとも０．０５重量％以上含まれればその効果を
発揮できる。次に、この非イオン界面活性剤と共に用い
られる増粘剤について述べる。This non-ionic surfactant can exhibit its effect if it is contained in an amount of at least 0.05% by weight or more based on the entire mixed aqueous solution. Next, the thickener used together with this nonionic surfactant will be described.
増粘剤としては、水溶性高分子であれば何れでも良く例
を挙げると天然高分子、半合成品（セルロース系、デン
プン系）、合成品とがある。The thickener may be any water-soluble polymer, and examples thereof include natural polymers, semi-synthetic products (cellulose-based, starch-based), and synthetic products.
具体的に示すと、天然高分子としてはデンプン質、マン
ナン、海藻類、植物粘質物、微生物による粘質物、タン
パク質系があり、半合成品としてはセルロース系（ビス
コース、メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロー
ス、カルボキシメチルセルロース）、デンプン系（可溶
性デンフソ、カルボキシメチルデンプン）があり、合成
品としては、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリアクリル酸ナ
トリウム、ポリアクリルアマイド、ポリエチレンオキシ
ドが挙げられる。これらのもの＼使用は、単品又は二者
以上組合せたものでよい。また本発明における増粘剤と
しては、上記のような水溶性高分子のゲル状物も使用で
きる。しかして、前記非イオン界面活性剤とこの増粘剤
との混合溶液である場合の溶液の粘度は、前述した従来
の不都合点１、すなわち、垂れ下りを解消するためには
溶液の粘度にして、３００ＣＰＳ以上〜ゲル状物（凝固
状態）、好ましくは１００００ＣＰＳ以上〜ゲル状物の
範囲が望ましい。Specifically, natural polymers include starch, mannan, seaweed, plant mucilage, microbial mucilage, and protein, while semi-synthetic products include cellulose (viscose, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxylic acid, etc.). methylcellulose), starch-based (soluble starch, carboxymethyl starch), and synthetic products include polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, and polyethylene oxide. These items may be used singly or in combination. Further, as the thickener in the present invention, a water-soluble polymer gel as described above can also be used. However, in the case of a mixed solution of the nonionic surfactant and this thickener, the viscosity of the solution must be adjusted to meet the above-mentioned disadvantage 1 of the conventional solution, that is, in order to solve the problem of sagging. , 300 CPS or more to gel-like material (solidified state), preferably 10,000 CPS or more to gel-like material.
同様に２の溶液の二層分離に対しては、１ＣＰＳ以上〜
ゲル状物（凝固状態）、好ましくは８０ＣＰＳ以上〜ゲ
ル状物の範囲が望ましい。Similarly, for two-layer separation of solution 2, 1CPS or more
A gel-like material (solidified state), preferably a range of 80 CPS or more to a gel-like material is desirable.
同様に３の溶液の透明或いは不透明の可逆の緩慢に対し
ては、溶液の粘度として１ＣＰＳ以上〜ゲル状物（凝固
状態）、好ましくは８０ＣＰＳ以上〜ゲル状物の範囲が
望ましい。したがつて、１〜３の不都合な点を解消し、
かつ満足する溶液状態を得るには、非イオン界面活性剤
と増粘剤との混合溶液の粘度は、使用状態に訃いて、８
０ＣＰＳ以上〜ゲル状物、好ましくは３００ＣＰＳ以上
〜ゲル状物、特に好ましくは１００００ＣＰＳ以上〜ゲ
ル状物の範囲である。Similarly, for the slow reversibility of transparent or opaque solutions in item 3, the viscosity of the solution is preferably in the range of 1 CPS or more to a gel-like substance (solidified state), preferably 80 CPS or more to a gel-like substance. Therefore, we solved the disadvantages 1 to 3,
In order to obtain a satisfactory solution state, the viscosity of the mixed solution of nonionic surfactant and thickener should be 8.
The range is from 0 CPS or more to a gel-like material, preferably from 300 CPS or more to a gel-like material, particularly preferably from 10,000 CPS or more to a gel-like material.
また、本発明において可逆的に透明又は不透明になる水
溶液には上記増粘剤の他にその作用を阻害しない範囲で
他の添加物を加えてもよい。例えば水溶液の腐敗を防ぐ
のに防カビ剤、防腐剤の添加、増粘剤、ゲル化物、非イ
オン界面活性剤の紫外線劣化を防ぐ為に紫外線吸収剤を
加えたり、農園芸用被覆材として使用する場合に選択的
に光線を得る為、或いは美観を目的として可溶性の着色
剤などを加えることが出来る。次に本発明日除く用資材
の構造を添付図面によつて説明する。Furthermore, in the present invention, other additives may be added to the aqueous solution that becomes reversibly transparent or opaque in addition to the above-mentioned thickener, as long as they do not inhibit the action of the thickener. For example, adding fungicides and preservatives to prevent spoilage of aqueous solutions, adding ultraviolet absorbers to prevent ultraviolet deterioration of thickeners, gelling substances, and nonionic surfactants, and using them as coating materials for agriculture and horticulture. In this case, soluble colorants can be added to selectively obtain light or for aesthetic purposes. Next, the structure of the material for removing the present invention will be explained with reference to the attached drawings.
第１図は本発明日除け資材の一例の斜視図、第２図は第
１図に示すものに近い構造の例の縦断正面図、第３図は
樹脂のプレートまたはガラス板に適した構造の縦断正面
図、第４図は本発明日除け用資材の別の例の斜視図、第
５図は第４図に示すものに近い構造の例の縦断正面図、
第６〜１０図は、更に別の例の平面図である。Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an example of the sunshade material of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional front view of an example of a structure similar to that shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a longitudinal cross-section of a structure suitable for resin plates or glass plates. A front view, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of another example of the sunshade material of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional front view of an example of a structure similar to that shown in FIG. 4.
6 to 10 are plan views of still other examples.
図中、１は実質上透明な熱可塑性樹脂製のフイルム、シ
ートもしくはプレートまたはガラス板からなる挟持材、
２は１５〜９５℃の範囲内の雲点を有する界面活性剤と
増粘剤との混合水溶液（以下単に水溶液という）、３は
水溶液が洩出しないよう、又は面方向に移動しないよう
にした挟持材１における接合部である。In the figure, 1 is a holding material made of a substantially transparent thermoplastic resin film, sheet or plate, or glass plate;
2 is a mixed aqueous solution of a surfactant and a thickener having a cloud point within the range of 15 to 95°C (hereinafter simply referred to as an aqueous solution); 3 is a solution in which the aqueous solution is prevented from leaking or moving in the plane direction. This is a joint in the clamping material 1.
これら図面に示されるように、本発明の資材は特定範囲
の雲点を有する水溶液２が２枚の挟持材の層間に挟持さ
れて介在し、全体として平面をなしている。As shown in these drawings, the material of the present invention has an aqueous solution 2 having a specific range of cloud points sandwiched between two layers of sandwiching material, and has a flat surface as a whole.
そして水溶液２は洩出したり移動したりしないよう縦、
横又は斜め方向に交錯する接合部３によつて保持される
。なお、挟持材１は少くとも２枚あれば良いものであつ
て、例えばこれが３枚以上あれば、各々の挟持材の間に
水溶液２が介在すればよいのである。The aqueous solution 2 is placed vertically to prevent it from leaking or moving.
It is held by joints 3 that intersect in horizontal or diagonal directions. It is sufficient that there are at least two holding materials 1; for example, if there are three or more holding materials, the aqueous solution 2 may be interposed between each holding material.
また第６〜１０図は接合部の態様が各種示されているが
、一般家庭、商店等で用いる場合の意匠的効果も兼ねて
いる。これらの接合部３を形成させるには、挟持材１が
熱可塑性樹脂製のフイルム等である場合には、予め水溶
液をフイルムの袋に収納しておき、そのまま通常樹脂加
工で用いられるヒートシール法によつて接合部を設けれ
ばよい。Furthermore, although FIGS. 6 to 10 show various types of joints, they also serve as a design effect when used in general homes, shops, etc. In order to form these joints 3, if the clamping material 1 is a thermoplastic resin film, etc., an aqueous solution is stored in a film bag in advance, and then a heat sealing method, which is usually used in resin processing, is applied. The joint portion may be provided by.
また、挟持材１がガラス板である場合には、接着剤を使
用して、適宜のスペーサーを接着することにより接合部
３を形成させる。Moreover, when the holding material 1 is a glass plate, the joint part 3 is formed by adhering|attaching an appropriate spacer using an adhesive agent.
本発明の日除け用資材を農作物栽培用或いは海藻類の養
殖に使用した場合、掛けつぱなしにした場合でも、常態
では透明であつて太陽光線が十分透過し、一定の高温以
上になると界面活性剤水溶液が白濁して遮光作用を促が
し、農作物、海藻類が高温障害を起す恐れをなくする。When the awning material of the present invention is used for agricultural crop cultivation or seaweed cultivation, even if it is left hanging, it is normally transparent and allows sufficient sunlight to pass through, and when the temperature exceeds a certain temperature, the surfactant The aqueous solution becomes cloudy and promotes light blocking effect, eliminating the risk of high temperature damage to crops and seaweed.
また、温度が下がれば白濁が解消し透明になる。従つて
、太陽光線通過量不足による弊害も阻止できる。即ち、
使用者は都度掛けたり、外したりする必要はなくなり、
大きな省力化が達成できる。さらに、非イオン界面活性
剤と増粘剤との混合水溶液もしくはこれらのゲル状物を
使用するものであるから、上述の使用時に封人材が極端
に軟かい場合、例えば熱町塑性樹脂のフイルム層間にこ
れを挟持して介在させた場合でも、溶液（ゲル状物も含
む）の垂れ下りは起らず、均一層間を保つことができる
。Also, when the temperature drops, the cloudiness disappears and the liquid becomes transparent. Therefore, the harmful effects caused by insufficient amount of sunlight passing through can also be prevented. That is,
Users no longer need to hang or take it off every time.
Great labor savings can be achieved. Furthermore, since a mixed aqueous solution of a nonionic surfactant and a thickener or a gel-like substance thereof is used, if the sealant is extremely soft during the above-mentioned use, for example, between the film layers of Netomachi plastic resin. Even when this is sandwiched between the layers, the solution (including the gel-like material) does not drip down, and uniform interlayer spacing can be maintained.
また、非イオン界面活性剤の雲点以上で長時間保つこと
による水と非イオン界面活性剤の二層分離も混合溶液の
粘性により、その現象を全く防ぐことができるうえ、こ
の混合溶液が封入された系内に卦ける温度上昇に伴なう
対流が束縛あるいは固定化されることにより、透明ある
いは不透明の可逆性がシビア一にコントロールできるこ
とになる。In addition, due to the viscosity of the mixed solution, the two-layer separation of water and nonionic surfactant caused by keeping the temperature above the cloud point of the nonionic surfactant for a long time can be completely prevented, and this mixed solution By restricting or fixing the convection that occurs as the temperature rises within the system, the reversibility of transparency or opacity can be strictly controlled.
したがつて、農園芸資材、水産用資材としての利用もさ
ることながら例えば表示（デイスプレイ）用としての利
用も考えられ、その適用範囲は広範である。Therefore, it can be used not only as agricultural and horticultural materials and fisheries materials, but also for display purposes, and its range of application is wide.
以下、本発明を実施例に基いて説明するが、本発明はそ
の要旨を逸脱しないかぎジ実施例には限定されない。Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples without departing from the gist thereof.
実施例 １
透明アクリル板（１０１０１厚、一片が１６ｃＴｒＬの
正方形）２枚の層間の三方の周縁部を同様の透明アクリ
ル板（へ）Ｉ厚、幅７［Ｉｎ）をスペーサとして挟み、
これらを接着剤にて接着し、一方が開口したセルを作つ
た。Example 1 The three peripheral edges between two transparent acrylic plates (10101 thickness, one square piece is 16 cTrL) were sandwiched with a similar transparent acrylic plate (to) I thickness and width 7 [In] as a spacer,
These were bonded together with adhesive to create a cell with one side open.
このセルの開口した部分から、下記組成のあらかじめ調
整した液を封入し、その後残る開口部も同様のアクリル
板（１０ｎ厚、幅７［００１）を接着することにより密
封して日除け用資材のサンプルを作成した。液組成：非
イオン界面活性剤（商標：ニユーコール５６５ＦＨ、日
本乳化剤（株）製、雲点２９〜３４℃）３重量パーセン
ト、増粘剤としてカルボキシメチルセルロース（商標：
セロゲン３Ｈ１第一工業製薬（株）製）０．５重量パー
セントおよびアクリルアマイド（商標：ダイアクリア一
ＭＡ−３０００Ｈ、三菱化成工業（株）製）１重量パー
セント、紫外線吸収剤（商標：サノールＬＳ７７Ｏ、三
共有機（株）製）０．０５重量パーセントを含む混合水
溶液である。A pre-adjusted liquid with the following composition is filled from the open part of this cell, and the remaining opening is then sealed by gluing a similar acrylic plate (10 nm thick, width 7 [001 cm)] to create a sample of sunshade material. It was created. Liquid composition: 3% by weight of nonionic surfactant (trademark: Newcor 565FH, manufactured by Nippon Nyukazai Co., Ltd., cloud point 29-34°C), carboxymethyl cellulose (trademark:
0.5% by weight of Celogen 3H1 (manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.), 1% by weight of acrylamide (trademark: Diaclear MA-3000H, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Industries, Ltd.), ultraviolet absorber (trademark: Sanol LS77O, This is a mixed aqueous solution containing 0.05% by weight (manufactured by Sankyoki Co., Ltd.).
この水溶液の粘度（Ｂ型粘度計、東京計器（株）製にて
測定）は２０℃にて１８１００ＣＰＳであつた。このよ
うにして作成した日除け用資材のサンプルの雲点を定速
昇温浴（１℃／２分）にて測定（透明或いは不抵明の可
逆性の観察）したところ３２．５℃±０．５℃であつた
。このサンプルについて、２０とＣ（透明時）および４
『Ｃ（不透明時）に卦けるベース、全光線透過率訃よび
太陽光線に対する透過光量の光学的性質を測定した。The viscosity of this aqueous solution (measured using a B-type viscometer manufactured by Tokyo Keiki Co., Ltd.) was 18,100 CPS at 20°C. The cloud point of the sample of the sunshade material prepared in this way was measured (observation of transparent or non-reversible reversibility) in a constant rate heating bath (1°C/2 minutes) and found to be 32.5°C ± 0. It was 5℃. For this sample, 20 and C (when transparent) and 4
The optical properties of the base, total light transmittance, and amount of transmitted light against sunlight were measured for C (when opaque).
その結果を表−１に示す。実施例 ２
高圧法ポリエチレン（三菱化成工業（株）製、商標ノバ
テツクＬＦｌ３ｌ，ＭＩ＝１．３の透明なフイルム（厚
さ１００μ）２枚の層間に実施例１にて用いたと同様の
調整液を封人（層液厚み２００μ）し、サンドイツチ構
造のシート状物となし、液が散逸しないように周縁部を
ヒートシールするとともに平面状態で一片の５ｃｒ！Ｌ
の正方形の格子状にヒートシールしたサンプルを得た。The results are shown in Table-1. Example 2 A conditioning solution similar to that used in Example 1 was placed between two transparent films (thickness 100μ) of high-pressure polyethylene (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Industries, Ltd., trademark Novatech LFl3l, MI = 1.3). It was sealed (liquid thickness 200μ) and made into a sheet with a sandwich structure, and the peripheral edge was heat-sealed to prevent the liquid from dissipating, and it was made into a piece of 5cr!L in a flat state.
A sample was obtained which was heat-sealed in the form of a square grid.
このサンプルの実施例１と同様の光学的性質を測定した
。The same optical properties as in Example 1 of this sample were measured.
その結果を表−２に示す。［？？？？−ーーーーー一櫃
−ｊ
このものを農園芸用被覆材として展張したところ、内部
の気温、地温が下り、遮光効果があることと透明、不透
明の可逆性がシビア一に行われ、優れた効果が確められ
た。The results are shown in Table-2. [? ? ? ? −−−−− One jar−j When this material was spread as a covering material for agriculture and horticulture, it lowered the internal temperature and soil temperature, had a light blocking effect, and had the most severe reversibility of transparency and opacity, resulting in excellent effects. Confirmed.
実施例 ３
あらかじめ窒素置換した雰囲気を用意し、その中に水平
台を置き、その上に実施例２で使用したものと同一の高
圧法ポリエチレンフイルムを敷き、その上に、あらかじ
め調整したＡ液（アクリルアマイドモノマ一５重量部、
水８５．４５重量部メチレンビスアクリルアマイドモノ
マ一０′．０５重量部非イオン界面活性剤、ニユーコー
ル５６．５ＦＨ３重量部、重合促進剤０．５重量部）と
Ｂ液（過硫酸アンモン１重量部、水５重量部）の混合撹
拌液を液厚み２００μになるように流し込み、ゲル化反
応させ、完全にゲル化したことを確認し、このもの＼上
に同様の高圧法ポリエチレンフイルムをのせ、ちようど
ゲル状物をフイルムでサンドイツチした構造物となし、
実施例２と同様の形状にヒートシールしたサンプルを得
た。Example 3 A nitrogen-substituted atmosphere was prepared in advance, a horizontal table was placed therein, the same high-pressure polyethylene film as used in Example 2 was spread on it, and a pre-adjusted liquid A (liquid A) was placed on it. 5 parts by weight of acrylamide monomer;
Water: 85.45 parts by weight Methylenebisacrylamide monomer: 0'. 05 parts by weight of nonionic surfactant, 3 parts by weight of Newcol 56.5FH, 0.5 parts by weight of polymerization accelerator) and B solution (1 part by weight of ammonium persulfate, 5 parts by weight of water) were mixed and stirred to a liquid thickness of 200 μm. After pouring the gel into a gel and confirming that it is completely gelled, place a similar high-pressure polyethylene film on top of this, and create a structure by sandwiching the gel with the film.
A heat-sealed sample in the same shape as in Example 2 was obtained.
このサンプルは実施例２と同様の光学的性質を示し、農
園芸被覆材として展張したところ、遮光効果も優れ、透
明、不透明の可逆性もシビア一であることが確認された
。This sample showed the same optical properties as Example 2, and when it was spread as an agricultural and horticultural covering material, it was confirmed that it had an excellent light-shielding effect and the reversibility of transparency and opacity was also the most severe.
第１図は本発明日除け資材の一例の斜視図、第２図は第
１図に示すものに近い構造の例の縦断正面図、第３図は
樹脂のプレートまたはガラス板に適した構造の縦断面図
、第４図は本発明日除け用資材の別の例の斜視図、第５
図は第４図に示すものに近い構造の例の縦断正面図、第
６〜１０図は接合部の各種態様例を示す平面図である。
図中、１は熱可塑性樹脂製のフイルム、シートもしくは
プレート、またはガラス板の挟持材２は界面活性剤と増
粘剤との混合水溶液、３はフイルム、シートもしくはプ
レートまたはガラス板の挟持材１における接合部である
。Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an example of the sunshade material of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional front view of an example of a structure similar to that shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a longitudinal cross-section of a structure suitable for resin plates or glass plates. Figure 4 is a top view, and Figure 5 is a perspective view of another example of the sunshade material of the present invention.
This figure is a longitudinal sectional front view of an example of a structure similar to that shown in FIG. 4, and FIGS. 6 to 10 are plan views showing various examples of the joint portion. In the figure, 1 is a thermoplastic resin film, sheet, plate, or glass plate sandwiching material 2 is a mixed aqueous solution of a surfactant and a thickener; 3 is a film, sheet, plate, or glass plate sandwiching material 1 This is the joint at.
Claims (1)
るフィルム、シートもしくはプレートまたはガラス板の
層間に、１５〜９５℃の雲点を有する非イオン界面活性
剤と増粘剤とを含む粘度が８０ＣＰＳ以上の水溶液また
はこれらのゲル状物を介在してなる日除け用資材。 ２ 特許請求の範囲第１項記載の日除け用資材において
、少くとも２枚の熱可塑性樹脂よりなるフィルム、シー
トもしくはプレートまたはガラス板が部分的に接合され
、接合されていない区分が非イオン界面活性剤と増粘剤
とを含む粘度が８０ＣＰＳ以上の水溶液もしくはこれら
のゲル状物の介在区分を形成している日除け用資材。[Scope of Claims] 1. Between the layers of at least two substantially transparent thermoplastic resin films, sheets or plates or glass plates, a nonionic surfactant having a cloud point of 15 to 95° C. A sunshade material containing an aqueous solution containing a sticky agent and having a viscosity of 80 CPS or more or a gel-like material thereof. 2. In the sunshade material described in claim 1, at least two films, sheets or plates made of thermoplastic resin or glass plates are partially joined, and the unjoined sections are non-ionic surfactant. A sunshade material comprising an aqueous solution containing a thickening agent and a thickener and having a viscosity of 80 CPS or more, or a gel-like substance interposed therebetween.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP52058319A JPS5922668B2 (en) | 1977-05-20 | 1977-05-20 | Sunshade materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP52058319A JPS5922668B2 (en) | 1977-05-20 | 1977-05-20 | Sunshade materials |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS53143676A JPS53143676A (en) | 1978-12-14 |
| JPS5922668B2 true JPS5922668B2 (en) | 1984-05-28 |
Family
ID=13080943
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP52058319A Expired JPS5922668B2 (en) | 1977-05-20 | 1977-05-20 | Sunshade materials |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5922668B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04115640U (en) * | 1991-03-27 | 1992-10-14 | 株式会社興人 | Temperature sensitive light shielding plate |
| CN102892834B (en) | 2009-12-01 | 2014-07-30 | 香港科技大学 | Compositions containing thermally-induced self-assembly of nonionic surfactants and their application in smart glass technologies |
| CN107353622A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-11-17 | 苏州珀力玛高分子材料有限公司 | Temperature becomes light control material, becomes temperature control sunshade photo chromic glass of light control material and preparation method thereof containing temperature |
| CN107216638A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-09-29 | 苏州珀力玛高分子材料有限公司 | A kind of temperature becomes light modulation fire proofing material, temperature control sunshade flame resistant glass and preparation method thereof |
-
1977
- 1977-05-20 JP JP52058319A patent/JPS5922668B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS53143676A (en) | 1978-12-14 |
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