JPS59212512A - Watching for plain bearing - Google Patents
Watching for plain bearingInfo
- Publication number
- JPS59212512A JPS59212512A JP58086986A JP8698683A JPS59212512A JP S59212512 A JPS59212512 A JP S59212512A JP 58086986 A JP58086986 A JP 58086986A JP 8698683 A JP8698683 A JP 8698683A JP S59212512 A JPS59212512 A JP S59212512A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- effective value
- bearing
- envelope
- effective
- signal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
- G01M13/045—Acoustic or vibration analysis
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明はすべり軸受の監視方法に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a method for monitoring plain bearings.
すべり軸受は各種機械の回転部分に用いられる一般的な
軸受であるが、ｆ）ＮＪ滑油膜を介してとは言え、＋ｉ
ｎｔ受メタルとジャーナルとが直接的に面接触するため
損傷が生じ易い。このためすベシ軸受の状態を監視する
ために各樺の方法、例えば温度法、圧力法、振動法、直
流抵抗法等が従来から利用されている。Sliding bearings are common bearings used in rotating parts of various machines, but f) Although through the NJ oil film, +i
Since the nt receiving metal and the journal come into direct surface contact, damage is likely to occur. Various methods such as temperature method, pressure method, vibration method, DC resistance method, etc. have been used in the past to monitor the condition of the bearing.
温度法は軸受メタルの温度を測定するものであシ、軸受
メタルに異常が発生した際には軸受メタルとジャーナル
との間の摩擦抵抗が犬となるので、軸受メタルの温度が
上昇することを利用したものである。しかし、この方法
では、ｌｌｌ１ｌＩ受メタルの温度上昇が測定された時
点ではすでに＋ｌｌ＋受の損傷に、相当程度進行してお
り、早期発見は不可能である。The temperature method measures the temperature of the bearing metal, and when an abnormality occurs in the bearing metal, the frictional resistance between the bearing metal and the journal increases, so the temperature of the bearing metal increases. It was used. However, with this method, by the time the temperature rise of the lll1lI receiving metal is measured, damage to the +ll+ receiving metal has already progressed to a considerable extent, and early detection is not possible.
圧力法は軸受メタルとジャーナルとの間の１滑油膜の圧
力を測定する方法であり、この圧力の変化により軸受の
異常全検出せんとするものであるが、油膜の圧力は荷重
等により変化すること、丑だこの釉の圧力の測定は容易
ではない等の間ｉｔ！ｉＩ点がある。The pressure method is a method of measuring the pressure of a single oil film between the bearing metal and the journal, and is intended to detect any abnormalities in the bearing based on changes in this pressure, but the pressure of the oil film changes depending on the load, etc. However, it is not easy to measure the pressure of Ushidako's glaze! There is point iI.
振動法は軸受に損傷が発生した場合にはジャーナルの円
滑な回転が行われなくなり、振動が発生することを利用
したものであるが、温度法同様振動発生の時点では相当
程度損傷が進行しており、やはり早期発見は不可能であ
る。The vibration method takes advantage of the fact that when damage occurs to a bearing, the journal no longer rotates smoothly and vibrations are generated, but like the temperature method, by the time vibration occurs, the damage has already progressed to a considerable extent. Therefore, early detection is still impossible.
また直流抵抗法は軸受メタルとジャーナル間に直流電流
を印加してその抵抗値を測定するものであるが、軸受メ
タルとジャーナル間の完全な絶縁が必要であり、このた
め実用性に欠けるものであるＯ
従って従来すべり軸受の損傷を早期に発見し、その進行
状態を監視・判断することは困難であシ、このだめ異常
が発見された時点ではすでに手遅れとなって重大な故障
・事故の発生を見るに至っていた。In addition, the DC resistance method applies a DC current between the bearing metal and the journal and measures the resistance value, but it requires complete insulation between the bearing metal and the journal, which makes it impractical. Therefore, it has been difficult to detect damage to sliding bearings early and to monitor and judge its progress, and by the time an abnormality is discovered, it is already too late to cause a serious failure or accident. I had come to see it.
本発明はこのような事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、
音響検知素子にてすべり軸受のアコースティックエミッ
ションを検出し、この検出信号を包絡線処理回路にて包
絡線処理し、包絡線処理された信号の実効値と、包絡線
処理された信号から抽出した所定周波数帯域の成分の実
効値との比率を求め、この比率の大小により前記すべり
軸受の状態を判断することを特徴とする。以下、本発明
を図面に基づいて説明する。The present invention was made in view of these circumstances, and
Acoustic emissions of the sliding bearing are detected by an acoustic detection element, this detection signal is subjected to envelope processing by an envelope processing circuit, and the effective value of the envelope processed signal and a predetermined value extracted from the envelope processed signal are calculated. The present invention is characterized in that the ratio between the frequency band component and the effective value is determined, and the state of the sliding bearing is determined based on the magnitude of this ratio. Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on the drawings.
第１図は本発明方法の実施に使用する装置の一例を示す
ブロック図である。図中１はすベシ軸受であり、円柱状
の開孔部には円筒状の軸受メタル１ａが嵌合固着されて
おり、この軸受メタル１ａに回転部材のジャーナル２が
嵌合されている。このジャーナル２が軸受メタル２内で
回転摺動するとアコースティックエミッション（以下Ａ
Ｅと略記する）と呼ばれる弾性波が発生する。軸受メタ
ル１ａに損傷がなければＡＥは低いが、軸受メタル１ａ
に損傷が発生するとＡＥが急激に置くなる。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of an apparatus used to carry out the method of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a beveled bearing, in which a cylindrical bearing metal 1a is fitted and fixed in a cylindrical opening, and a journal 2, which is a rotating member, is fitted into this bearing metal 1a. When this journal 2 rotates and slides within the bearing metal 2, acoustic emissions (hereinafter referred to as A) are emitted.
An elastic wave called E (abbreviated as E) is generated. If there is no damage to the bearing metal 1a, the AE will be low, but the bearing metal 1a
If damage occurs, AE will be placed rapidly.
このＡＥを測定することにより現に発生し、進行しつつ
ある固体の変形破壊等を判断することが可能となる。By measuring this AE, it becomes possible to judge whether deformation or failure of the solid has actually occurred and is progressing.
図中３はＡＥセンサであり、前述したＡＥ現象により発
生する弾性波を検知するだめのものであり、ＰＺＴ（ジ
ルコン酸・チタン酸鉛）セラミック圧電素子等の適宜の
音響検知素子を用いている。3 in the figure is an AE sensor, which is used to detect the elastic waves generated by the AE phenomenon described above, and uses an appropriate acoustic detection element such as a PZT (lead zirconate/lead titanate) ceramic piezoelectric element. .
このＡＥセンサ３によシ検出されたＡＥ倍信号プリアン
プ４及びメインアンプ５により増幅された後、第２図に
示す如く包絡線処理（検波）回路６にて包絡線処理され
る。第２図（イ）はＡＥ倍信号増幅したメインアンプ５
の出力、即ち包絡線処理回路６へのスカ信号の波形であ
り、同（ロ）は包絡線処理回路６により包絡線処理され
た後の出力波形１ある。この包絡線処理後の信号は実効
値検出回路７ａに与えられて包絡線処理後の全ＡＥ信号
の実効値Ｓ。が検出される一方、バンドパスフィルタ８
にも与えられる。After the AE multiplied signal detected by the AE sensor 3 is amplified by the preamplifier 4 and main amplifier 5, it is subjected to envelope processing in the envelope processing (detection) circuit 6 as shown in FIG. Figure 2 (a) shows the main amplifier 5 which amplifies the signal by AE times.
, that is, the waveform of the spacing signal sent to the envelope processing circuit 6, and (b) is the output waveform 1 after envelope processing by the envelope processing circuit 6. The signal after the envelope processing is applied to the effective value detection circuit 7a, and the effective value S of the entire AE signal after the envelope processing is obtained. is detected, while the bandpass filter 8
It is also given to
バンドパスフィルタ８は６００ ｋＨｚ〜９００ ｋＨ
ｚの周波数帯域を通過帯域とするものであり、これは本
願発明者が種々強制劣化させたすべり軸受のＡＥ倍信号
測定した結果、すべり軸受に損傷が存在する場合には６
００ ｋＨｚ 〜９００ ｋＨｚの範囲のＡＥ倍信号発
生するとの結論を得たためである。Bandpass filter 8 is 600 kHz to 900 kHz
The frequency band of
This is because it was concluded that an AE multiplied signal in the range of 00 kHz to 900 kHz is generated.
バンドパスフィルタ８を通過した信号は実効値検出回路
７ｂに与えられて包絡線処理後のＡＥ倍信号うち６００
ｋＨｚ〜９００ ｋＨｚの帯域に関してその実効値等
が検出される。The signal that has passed through the bandpass filter 8 is given to the effective value detection circuit 7b, and 600 of the AE multiplied signal after envelope processing is applied to the effective value detection circuit 7b.
The effective value etc. of the band from kHz to 900 kHz is detected.
このようにして両実効値検出回路７ａ、７ｂによりそれ
ぞれ検出された包絡線処理後の全ＡＥ信号の実効値Ｓｏ
と６００ ｋＨｚ 〜９００ ）ｃＨｚの周波数帯域の
実効値ＳＦは演算回路９に与えられ、その比率Ｍ＝Ｓ、
／Ｓ。In this way, the effective value So of all AE signals after envelope processing detected by both effective value detection circuits 7a and 7b, respectively.
The effective value SF in the frequency band of 600 kHz to 900 kHz is given to the arithmetic circuit 9, and the ratio M=S,
/S.
が算出され、適宜の表示装置１０に表示される。is calculated and displayed on an appropriate display device 10.
次に以上のような構成により本発明方法を実施した場合
の実際の監視測定例について説明する。Next, an example of actual monitoring and measurement when the method of the present invention is implemented with the above configuration will be described.
次に示す表は正常な状態、及び片当りが発生し／ヒ状態
のすべり軸受の前記Ｓ０．ＳＦ及びＭの値をそれぞれ表
にしたものである。The table below shows the S0. The values of SF and M are tabulated.
また第３図は上表のＭ値を黒丸で、−比較のために同時
に測定された従来の振動法によるσ１ｊ定結果を白丸で
示したグラフである。Further, FIG. 3 is a graph in which the M value in the above table is shown as a black circle, and the σ1j determination result by the conventional vibration method, which was measured at the same time for comparison, is shown as a white circle.
表及び第３図から明らかなようにすべり軸受の損傷の程
度が大となるに従ってＭの値も大となるので、損傷の程
度を定量的に判断することが可能となる。また従来の振
動法ではその測定値は略一定であり、損傷発生の早期発
見は不可能であるのに対し、本発明方法によればすべり
軸受に前述した如き装置を設置してすべり軸受のＡＥを
測定することによりその損傷発生の早期発見が可能とな
る。As is clear from the table and FIG. 3, as the degree of damage to the sliding bearing increases, the value of M also increases, making it possible to quantitatively judge the degree of damage. In addition, with the conventional vibration method, the measured value is approximately constant and early detection of damage is impossible, whereas with the method of the present invention, the above-mentioned device is installed on the sliding bearing, and the AE of the sliding bearing is By measuring this, it is possible to detect the occurrence of damage at an early stage.
以上詳述した如く本発明は、すべり軸受のアコースティ
ックエミッションを音響素子により検出し、この検出信
号の包絡線処理後の実効値と、包絡線処理後の所定周波
数帯域の成分の実効値との比率によシずべ！ｌｌ軸受の
状態を判断するものであるから、本発明方法によりすべ
り軸受を監視することとすれば、その異常発生の早期発
見が可能となり、またその損傷程度の定量的な評価も可
能となる等、本発明はすべり軸受の状態監視に優れた効
果を奏するものである。As detailed above, the present invention detects the acoustic emission of a sliding bearing using an acoustic element, and the ratio of the effective value of this detection signal after envelope processing to the effective value of a component in a predetermined frequency band after envelope processing. Yoshizube! Since the condition of the bearing is determined, if the sliding bearing is monitored using the method of the present invention, it will be possible to detect abnormalities at an early stage, and it will also be possible to quantitatively evaluate the degree of damage. The present invention has excellent effects on monitoring the condition of sliding bearings.
第１図は本発明方法を実施するだめの装置の一例を示す
ブロック図、第２図はその包絡線処理回路の入力波形と
出力波形を示すグラフ、！！３図は本発明方法及び従来
の方法によるすべり軸受の損傷の測定結果を示すグラフ
である。
１・・・すべり軸受 ３・・・音響検知素子６・・・包
絡線処理回路 ７ａ、７ｂ・・・実効値検出回路８・・
・バンドパスフィルタ ９・・・演初８回路特許出願人
住友金桐工朶株式会社
代理人弁理士 河 野 傍 夫
第 １ 図
第 ２ 図
第 ３ 回FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of an apparatus for implementing the method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a graph showing the input waveform and output waveform of the envelope processing circuit. ! FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of measuring damage to sliding bearings according to the method of the present invention and the conventional method. 1... Sliding bearing 3... Acoustic detection element 6... Envelope processing circuit 7a, 7b... Effective value detection circuit 8...
・Band pass filter 9... Performance 8 circuit patent applicant Sumitomo Kintoki Kogyo Co., Ltd. Representative Patent Attorney Yokio Kono No. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3
Claims (1)
エミンションを検出し、この検出信号を包絡線処理回路
にて包絡線処理し、包絡線処理された信号の実効値と、
包絡線処理された信号から抽出した所定周波数帯域の成
分の実効値との比率を求め、この比率の大小により前記
すべりｔｉｌｔ受の状態を判断することを特徴とするす
べり軸受の１盃視方法。】, Acoustic emission of the vesi bearing is detected by the acoustic detection element, this detection signal is envelope-processed by the envelope processing circuit, and the effective value of the envelope-processed signal is calculated.
A method for observing a sliding bearing, characterized in that the ratio between the effective value and the component of a predetermined frequency band extracted from an envelope-processed signal is determined, and the state of the sliding tilt bearing is determined based on the magnitude of this ratio.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58086986A JPS59212512A (en) | 1983-05-17 | 1983-05-17 | Watching for plain bearing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58086986A JPS59212512A (en) | 1983-05-17 | 1983-05-17 | Watching for plain bearing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59212512A true JPS59212512A (en) | 1984-12-01 |
Family
ID=13902180
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58086986A Pending JPS59212512A (en) | 1983-05-17 | 1983-05-17 | Watching for plain bearing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59212512A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63100374A (en) * | 1986-10-17 | 1988-05-02 | Hitachi Ltd | Apparatus for deciding characteristic of waveform for ae diagnosis |
| JPS63304129A (en) * | 1987-06-03 | 1988-12-12 | Koyo Seiko Co Ltd | Detecting device for abnormality of bearing |
| WO2007101432A2 (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2007-09-13 | Schaeffler Kg | Method for the analysis of bearing damage |
| WO2011081085A1 (en) * | 2010-01-04 | 2011-07-07 | Ntn株式会社 | Abnormality diagnosis device for rolling bearing, wind power generator, and abnormality diagnosis system |
-
1983
- 1983-05-17 JP JP58086986A patent/JPS59212512A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63100374A (en) * | 1986-10-17 | 1988-05-02 | Hitachi Ltd | Apparatus for deciding characteristic of waveform for ae diagnosis |
| JPS63304129A (en) * | 1987-06-03 | 1988-12-12 | Koyo Seiko Co Ltd | Detecting device for abnormality of bearing |
| WO2007101432A2 (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2007-09-13 | Schaeffler Kg | Method for the analysis of bearing damage |
| WO2007101432A3 (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2007-11-29 | Schaeffler Kg | Method for the analysis of bearing damage |
| WO2011081085A1 (en) * | 2010-01-04 | 2011-07-07 | Ntn株式会社 | Abnormality diagnosis device for rolling bearing, wind power generator, and abnormality diagnosis system |
| JP2011154020A (en) * | 2010-01-04 | 2011-08-11 | Ntn Corp | Abnormality diagnosis device for rolling bearing, wind power generator, and abnormality diagnosis system |
| US9423290B2 (en) | 2010-01-04 | 2016-08-23 | Ntn Corporation | Abnormality diagnostic device for rolling bearing, wind turbine generation apparatus and abnormality diagnostic system |
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