JPS59205435A - Electric contact material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an inexpensive electric contact material for a strong current, obtained by sintering a mixture prepared by mixing silver, nickel, indium, copper and zinc in a powdery form in a specific ratio. CONSTITUTION:A powdery mixture consisting of, on a wt% basis, 10-30% nickel, 1.7-15% zinc, 1.7-10% copper, 1.7-5% indium and the remainder of silver is baked to prepare an alloy. This alloy is equal to a silver-cadmium alloy in welding resistant characteristics, equal to a silver-nickel alloy with respect to contact resistance and consumption characteristics and the amount of expensive silver to be used can be reduced.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 （イ）発明の分野 本発明は強電流に適した電気接点材料に関するものであ
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrical contact material suitable for strong currents.

（ロ）発明の背景 従来、中負荷ないし大負荷の領域において広く銀−酸化
カドミウム系合金が使用されている。この材料は組成面
および製造面の双方の観点から種々の改良がなされ、電
気接点に要求される耐溶着性、および耐消耗性がこの系
としては限界に達していると考えられる上に、近年公害
上の問題としてカドミウムの使用規制の声が高まシつつ
あり、そのために銀−酸化カドミウム合金に対する代替
接点材料として銀−ニッケル合金が使用されている。し
かし銀−ニッケル合金は銀−酸化カドミウム合金と比較
して、耐消耗特性では同等と考えられるが耐溶着性で劣
るという問題がある。(B) Background of the Invention Conventionally, silver-cadmium oxide alloys have been widely used in medium to heavy load areas. Various improvements have been made to this material in terms of both composition and manufacturing, and it is thought that the welding resistance and abrasion resistance required for electrical contacts have reached their limits for this type of material. There are increasing calls for restrictions on the use of cadmium as a pollution problem, and for this reason, silver-nickel alloys are being used as an alternative contact material to silver-cadmium oxide alloys. However, silver-nickel alloys are considered to have the same wear resistance as silver-cadmium oxide alloys, but there is a problem in that they are inferior in welding resistance.

（ハ）発明の目的 本発明は上記の問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、電
気接点材料として使用した場合に接触抵抗および消耗量
は上記銀−ニッケル合金と同等であり、耐溶着特性にお
いては銀−ニッケル合金よシすぐれ銀−酸化カドミウム
合金と同等であり、しかも高価な銀の使用量を低減する
ことができるような電気接点材料を提供することを目的
とするものである。(c) Purpose of the Invention The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and when used as an electrical contact material, the contact resistance and amount of wear are equivalent to the above-mentioned silver-nickel alloy, and the welding resistance is The object of the present invention is to provide an electrical contact material which is superior to a silver-nickel alloy and equivalent to a silver-cadmium oxide alloy, and which can reduce the amount of expensive silver used.

（ニ）発明の構成と効果 上記目的を達成するだめに本発明は銀、ニッケル、イン
ジウム、銅および亜鉛の混合粉末を焼結して電気接点材
料とし、その場合の各成分組成をニッケル１０〜３０重
量係、インジウムドア〜５重量係、銅１．７〜１０重量
％、亜鉛１．７〜１５重量俸重量部を銀としだものであ
シ、特に銀−酸化定 カドミウムと同等の耐アーク性と接触抵抗安全性とを銀
−インジウト一亜鉛によって実現すると共に耐消耗性を
ニッケルによって得だものであり、銅はニッケルの分散
性を高めると共に接触抵抗値を小さくするだめに添加し
たものである。上記のように各成分組成の範囲を限定し
たのは以下の理由による。(d) Structure and effect of the invention In order to achieve the above object, the present invention sinters a mixed powder of silver, nickel, indium, copper and zinc to make an electrical contact material, and in that case, the composition of each component is 10% to 10% nickel. 30 parts by weight, indium door to 5 parts by weight, 1.7 to 10% by weight of copper, 1.7 to 15 parts by weight of zinc, and the same arc resistance as silver and cadmium oxide. Safety and contact resistance are achieved by silver-indium-zinc, and abrasion resistance is achieved by nickel. Copper is added to increase the dispersibility of nickel and to reduce the contact resistance value. be. The reason for limiting the range of each component composition as described above is as follows.

ニッケル：耐消耗特性を向上させるために添加したもの
で、１０重量％以下では添加目的が達成されず３０重量
％以上では接触抵抗が増大する。Nickel: Added to improve wear resistance. If it is less than 10% by weight, the purpose of addition will not be achieved, and if it is more than 30% by weight, the contact resistance will increase.

亜鉛：耐溶着性を向上させるだめに添加したもので、１
．７重量％以上では添加目的が達成されず１５重量係以
上では加工性が悪くなる。Zinc: Added to improve welding resistance, 1
．． If it exceeds 7% by weight, the purpose of addition will not be achieved, and if it exceeds 15% by weight, processability will deteriorate.

インジウム：接触抵抗を安定させかつアークを減少させ
るために添加した。１．′７７重量％以上は添加目的が
達成できず５重量％以上では接触抵抗が増大し耐溶着性
が悪くなる。Indium: Added to stabilize contact resistance and reduce arcing. 1. If it exceeds 77% by weight, the purpose of addition cannot be achieved, and if it exceeds 5% by weight, contact resistance increases and welding resistance deteriorates.

銅：接触抵抗とニッケルの分散性を向上するだめに添加
したもので、ｌ−７重量％以上ではニッケルの分散性の
改善がみられず、１０重量φ以上では耐溶着性が劣化す
る。Copper: Added to improve contact resistance and nickel dispersibility; if it exceeds 1-7% by weight, no improvement in nickel dispersibility is observed, and if it exceeds 10% by weight, the welding resistance deteriorates.

本発明の電気接点材料は、上述の構成により、耐溶着特
性においては銀−ニッケル合金に比べて大巾な改善がみ
られ、銀−酸化カドミウム合金に比べても同等のものと
なる。一方接触抵抗および消耗特性に関しては銀−ニッ
ケル合金と同等であり、銀−酸化カドミウム合金よりも
わずかに劣ったものとなるが実用上あまり問題とならな
い程度の差である。また本発明による電気接点材料は上
述のように銀−酸化カドミウム合金とほぼ同等の特性を
有するにもか＼わらず、銀使用量が銀−酸化カドミウム
合金よりも節減でき、代替接点材料として好適なもので
ある。Due to the above-described structure, the electrical contact material of the present invention shows a significant improvement in welding resistance compared to a silver-nickel alloy, and is equivalent to a silver-cadmium oxide alloy. On the other hand, in terms of contact resistance and wear characteristics, it is equivalent to a silver-nickel alloy, and is slightly inferior to a silver-cadmium oxide alloy, but the difference is such that it does not pose much of a problem in practice. In addition, although the electrical contact material according to the present invention has almost the same characteristics as the silver-cadmium oxide alloy as described above, the amount of silver used can be reduced compared to the silver-cadmium oxide alloy, making it suitable as an alternative contact material. It is something.

（ホ）実施例の説明 銀７０重量裂、ニッケル２０重量係、インジウム５重量
％、亜鉛５重量％、銅５重量係の各粉末をボールミルを
使用して混合し、この混合粉末を４トン／Ｃｍ２ノ圧力
で直径２０　ｒｒＨＩＸ長さ３０　ｍｍの丸棒に成形し
、得られた成形体を不活性ガス雰囲気中において７００
〜８００°Ｃで１〜２時間加熱焼結した。この焼結体を
’７００〜８００°Ｃに加熱しながら押出機を使用して
直径６ｍｍの柱状物に成形し、さらに伸線して直径３ｍ
ｍ、長さ６ｍｍの小片を切シ出してリレーに組み込み供
試品とした。この供試品について下記の条件で接触抵抗
、消耗量および溶着特性を測定した。その結果を次表に
示す。まだ表中には比戟例として同一条件で測定した比
較品ｌ（銀８８−酸化カドミウム１２）および比較品２
（銀′７０−ニッケル３０）の特性を示した。(E) Description of Examples Powders containing 70 parts by weight of silver, 20 parts by weight of nickel, 5% by weight of indium, 5% by weight of zinc, and 5 parts by weight of copper were mixed using a ball mill, and this mixed powder was mixed at 4 tons/wt. It was molded into a round bar with a diameter of 20 rr HIX and a length of 30 mm at a pressure of Cm2, and the obtained molded product was heated at 700 mm in an inert gas atmosphere.
It was heated and sintered at ~800°C for 1 to 2 hours. This sintered body was heated to 700-800°C and formed into a columnar object with a diameter of 6 mm using an extruder, and then wire-drawn to form a columnar object with a diameter of 3 m.
A small piece with a length of 6 mm was cut out and assembled into a relay as a sample. Contact resistance, wear amount, and welding characteristics of this sample were measured under the following conditions. The results are shown in the table below. In the table, Comparative Product 1 (silver 88-cadmium oxide 12) and Comparative Product 2 measured under the same conditions are shown as comparative examples.
(Silver '70 - Nickel 30) characteristics were shown.

試験条件 ザンブル　　　リレー（２Ｃ）各５個 電　　　圧　　　　ＡＣｌｏｏＶ 電　　流　　　　７Ａ 負　　荷　　　抵抗負荷 接触力　　初期２０〜３０ｇ 開閉頻度　　　３０回／分 し １−上 −１ 巨 上表より、供試品は比較品に比べて大巾な耐溶着性の改
善がみられ、比較品１に比べても遜色ないものとなって
いる。まだ接触抵抗や消耗量については比較品１に比べ
てわずかに劣るものの実用上あまり問題とならない程度
の差であることがわかる。Test conditions Zambre relays (2C) 5 each Voltage AClooV Current 7A Load Resistance load Contact force Initial 20-30g Opening/closing frequency 30 times/min 1-1-1 According to the above table, the sample is the comparative product. Compared to Comparative Product 1, there was a significant improvement in welding resistance, and it was comparable to Comparative Product 1. Although it is still slightly inferior to Comparative Product 1 in terms of contact resistance and amount of wear, it can be seen that the difference is such that it does not pose much of a problem in practice.

代理人　弁理士　　縣　　　浩　　介Agent: Patent Attorney Hiroshi Agata

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 銀、ニッケル、インジウム、銅および亜鉛の混合粉末を
焼結してなる電気接点材料であって、ニッケルを１０〜
３００〜３０重量％１．７〜１５重量％、銅を１．７〜
１０重量％、インジウムを１・７〜５重量％含み、残部
が銀でちることを特徴とする電気接点材料。An electrical contact material made by sintering a mixed powder of silver, nickel, indium, copper and zinc, which contains 10 to 10% of nickel.
300-30% by weight 1.7-15% by weight, 1.7-15% copper
An electrical contact material characterized in that it contains 10% by weight, 1.7 to 5% by weight of indium, and the balance is silver.