JPS59196691A - Speaker device - Google Patents

Speaker device

Info

Publication number
JPS59196691A
JPS59196691A JP7094383A JP7094383A JPS59196691A JP S59196691 A JPS59196691 A JP S59196691A JP 7094383 A JP7094383 A JP 7094383A JP 7094383 A JP7094383 A JP 7094383A JP S59196691 A JPS59196691 A JP S59196691A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
enclosure
mode
cylindrical
cylinder
center
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP7094383A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS6351636B2 (en
Inventor
Shinichi Sakai
新一 酒井
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority to JP7094383A priority Critical patent/JPS59196691A/en
Publication of JPS59196691A publication Critical patent/JPS59196691A/en
Publication of JPS6351636B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6351636B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2869—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself
    • H04R1/2884—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of the enclosure structure, i.e. strengthening or shape of the enclosure
    • H04R1/2888—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of the enclosure structure, i.e. strengthening or shape of the enclosure for loudspeaker transducers

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the deterioration in sound quality by selecting the shape of an enclosure to be one shape where a cylinder with blind upper and lower ends is cut by at least one plane including its center axis and fitting a woofer on the center axis. CONSTITUTION:The enclosure 1 is formed by a semi-cylindrical shape obtained by cutting off the cylinder having blind upper and lower ends into two at a plane including the center axis. The woofer 3 is fitted at the center to the left and right direction of a buffle plane 2. Since the inside of the enclosure 1 is semi-cylindrical, the position of nodes of the sound pressure mode is limited, no radial direction mode is produced, the nodes of the circumferential mode pass through the center of the cylinder, and the nodes are concentrated onto the center of the cylinder cut-off plane. Since the speaker 3 is fitted to the center of the cut-off plane, the node driving relating to the cylindrical sound field is attained. All the standing waves relating to the mode of the cylindrical sound field are not excited in this way.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は低音用スピーカをエンクロージャのバックル面
に取付けて成るスピーカ装置の改良に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a speaker device in which a bass speaker is attached to a buckle surface of an enclosure.

第１図は従来のこの橡の２ウエイスピーカ装置を示し、
（ｌ）は直方体のエンクロージャ、　＋２１６’！エン
クロージヤ（１）のバッフル面、　ｔ３＋、　＋４１＆
’！バッフル面（２）に取付けられた。それぞれ、低音
用スピーカ。Figure 1 shows this conventional two-way speaker system.
(l) is a rectangular parallelepiped enclosure, +216'! Baffle surface of enclosure (1), t3+, +41&
'! Attached to the baffle surface (2). Each has a bass speaker.

高音用スピーカである。This is a high-pitched speaker.

第２図は上記装置によって放射される音波の。Figure 2 shows the sound waves emitted by the device.

バックル面（２）の正面遠方での、音圧周波数特性を示
し、実線ａは総合特性であ９２点線す、ｃはそれぞれ低
背用スピーカ（３ル高音用スピーカ（４）だけを駆動し
た時の特性である。The sound pressure frequency characteristics are shown in the far front direction of the buckle surface (2), where the solid line a is the overall characteristic and the 92-dot line c is the case when only the low-profile speaker (3) and the treble speaker (4) are driven. It is a characteristic of

ところで、上記装置では、低音用スピーカ（３）全駆動
するりエンクロージャ（１）内に固有の共振。By the way, in the above device, when the bass speaker (3) is fully driven, a unique resonance occurs within the enclosure (1).

すなわち、定在波が起こることが知られている。In other words, it is known that standing waves occur.

この定在波は、低音用スピーカ（３）から放射される音
波の音圧特性に影響を与えてピークやディラグを生じさ
せ、音質を劣化させる要因となる。との定在波対策とし
てエンクロージャ＋１１の内壁に吸音材を貼っているが
、それでも、第２図に示した特性すのように、低音用ス
ピーカ（３）の再生帯域に乱れが生じている。This standing wave affects the sound pressure characteristics of the sound waves emitted from the bass speaker (3), causing peaks and delags, and becomes a factor in deteriorating sound quality. As a measure against standing waves, a sound absorbing material is pasted on the inner wall of the enclosure +11, but even so, as shown in the characteristics shown in FIG. 2, the reproduction band of the bass speaker (3) is disturbed.

そして、エンクロージャ（１）のような直方体の閉じた
音場で起こる固有の共振周波数ｆｒは次式のとおりであ
ることも知られている。It is also known that the unique resonance frequency fr occurring in a rectangular closed sound field such as the enclosure (1) is expressed by the following equation.

ｆｒ＝旦５肩フ迂フＷ　　・・・（１）２ＨＷ　　　　
Ｄ ここで、Ｃは音速、Ｈ，Ｗ、Ｄは直方体音場の上下、左
右２前後各方向の寸法ｐ　　ｎＨ＋　ｎＷ＋　ｎＤはＨ
，Ｗ、　Ｄ　に対応した定在波のモードを表わす整数（
ｏ、１．＋２．・・・）である。fr = Dan 5 Shoulder Fu W ... (1) 2 HW
D Here, C is the speed of sound, H, W, and D are the dimensions of the rectangular parallelepiped sound field in the vertical, horizontal, 2 forward, and backward directions p nH+ nW+ nD is H
, W, D is an integer (
o, 1. +2. ...).

上記（１）式で計算できるようにエンクロージャ（１）
の−辺が音波の波長の半分、その整数倍になる一方向の
みのモード’　”Ｉ（ｓ　ｎｅｔ　！ＮＤのうちの二つ
が０−このモードは軸モードと呼ばれる）、さらに。Enclosure (1) so that it can be calculated using the above formula (1)
- a mode in only one direction whose side is half the wavelength of the sound wave, an integer multiple thereof (s net !ND, two of which are 0 - this mode is called an axial mode), and furthermore.

二方向以上のモードが重なシ合うモード（ｎ　ｉ＋　ｎ
ｗ　ｒＩＩＤのう塾の二つ以上が０でない）が形成され
る周波数で定在波が多数生ずる。A mode in which modes in two or more directions overlap (n i + n
A large number of standing waves are generated at the frequency where two or more of the wrIID cavities are not 0).

また、（１）式で表わされる周波数で定在波が生ずる場
合［は、エンクロージャ内の音圧またに粒子速度分布が
固有な分布となることも知られておシ。It is also known that when a standing wave is generated at the frequency expressed by equation (1), the sound pressure or particle velocity distribution within the enclosure becomes a unique distribution.

第３図に一方向のみのモード（軸モード）に関する１〜
３次の分布例を示す。同図の横軸は距離で両端が工：／
クロージャの端面に相当し、縦軸は音圧また（ま粒子速
度の最大値で規格化した値でちν。Figure 3 shows 1 to 1 regarding the mode in only one direction (axial mode).
An example of a cubic distribution is shown. The horizontal axis in the figure is distance, and both ends are distance: /
It corresponds to the end face of the closure, and the vertical axis is the value normalized by the maximum value of the sound pressure or particle velocity.

実線９点線はそれぞれ音圧２粒子速度を表わし。Each solid 9-dotted line represents the sound pressure 2 particle velocity.

特性（ａｌ、　（ｂ）、　（Ｃ１の順に軸モードの１次
、２次、３次の分布である。Characteristics (al, (b), (C1 are the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd order distributions of the axial mode.

定在波対策として、第３図の定在波モードを考慮した方
法もとられる。すなわち、定在波音圧モードの節（音圧
０）の位置に低音用スピーカ全取付ける方法で、低音用
スピーカの中心を音圧モードの節にほぼ一致させれば、
そのモードを発生させる定在波は励起されない。この方
法を、以下。As a countermeasure against standing waves, a method that takes into consideration the standing wave mode shown in FIG. 3 is also taken. In other words, if you install all the bass speakers at the nodes of the standing wave sound pressure mode (sound pressure 0) and make the center of the bass speakers approximately coincide with the nodes of the sound pressure mode,
The standing wave that generates that mode is not excited. This method is explained below.

短駆動と呼ぶことにする。Let's call it short drive.

上記短駆動は、従来装置の低音用スピーカ（３）を取付
けたバックル面（２）と平行な上下、左右各方向に生ず
る定在波に対しては鳴動であるが、バックル面＜２１と
垂直な前後方向に生ずる定在波に対しては、構造上の制
約により、無効である。低音用スピーカ（３）は、第３
図のモード図でいえばその左。The above-mentioned short drive is a sound in response to standing waves that occur in vertical and horizontal directions parallel to the buckle surface (2) on which the bass speaker (3) of the conventional device is attached, but perpendicular to the buckle surface <21. Due to structural constraints, this method is ineffective against standing waves that occur in the front-rear direction. The bass speaker (3) is the third
In terms of the mode diagram in the figure, it is to the left.

右どちらか一端にあり２前後方向に生ずる定在波の音圧
モードの腹の位置を駆動するからである。This is because it drives the position of the antinode of the sound pressure mode of the standing wave which is located at one end of the right side and occurs in two forward and backward directions.

従来装置には、上記のように、エンクロージャ内に前後
方向の定在波が必らず励起されてしまい。As mentioned above, in the conventional device, standing waves in the front and rear directions are inevitably excited within the enclosure.

その結果、音圧特性に乱れが生ずるという欠点がある。As a result, there is a drawback that disturbances occur in the sound pressure characteristics.

本発明（耐、従来装置の上記欠点を除去することを目的
とし、このため、エンクロージャを、内部が、上下両端
を閉止した円筒をその中心軸を含む少なくとも一平面に
よシ二つに切断した。その一方の形状をなすものとし、
かつ、低音用スピーカをエンクロージャの上記円筒とし
ての中心軸上に取付けるものである。The present invention aims to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of conventional devices, and for this purpose, an enclosure is constructed by cutting a cylinder whose interior is closed at both upper and lower ends into two along at least one plane including its central axis. .It shall form one of the shapes,
In addition, a bass speaker is mounted on the central axis of the cylindrical enclosure.

第４図は不発明の一実施例を示し、（ａ）は正面図。FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the invention, and (a) is a front view.

（ｂｌｔｊ（ａｔのＩ−Ｉに沿った水平横断面図、　（
１１〜ｔ３１　＆１第１図におけると同じく、それぞれ
、エンクロージャ、バックル面、低音用スピーカ、　（
５）＆’！エンクロージャ（］）の円筒面であるが、（
イ）エンクロージャ（ＩＩは内部が、上下両端を閉止し
た円筒をその中４Ｉ＞軸を含む平面により二つに切断し
た。その一方の半円筒状をなすものであり、　（口１〕
くツフル面（２１＆！上記切断平面であり、　ヒ・）低
音用スピーカ（３）ヲま上記中心軸上、すなわち、ノ（
ツフル血（２）の左右方向の中央に取付けられている。(bltj(horizontal cross-sectional view along I-I of at, (
11~t31 &1 As in Figure 1, the enclosure, buckle surface, bass speaker, (
5) &'! The cylindrical surface of the enclosure (]) is (
b) Enclosure (II is a cylinder whose interior is closed at both the top and bottom ends, and is cut into two by a plane that includes the 4I> axis. One of the two is semi-cylindrical, (mouth 1)
The full surface (21&! is the above cutting plane, H) The bass speaker (3) is on the above central axis, that is, No (
It is attached to the center of the left and right direction of Tsufuru blood (2).

ものである。It is something.

上記実施例のエンクロージャ（１）の半円筒内に起こる
定在波は円筒音場のそれから推定することカニできる。The standing waves occurring within the semi-cylinder of the enclosure (1) in the above embodiment can be estimated from those of the cylindrical sound field.

円筒音場では次式の固有周波数ｆｃで共振（定在波）が
起こることが知られている。すなわち。It is known that resonance (standing wave) occurs in a cylindrical sound field at a natural frequency fc expressed by the following equation. Namely.

Ｃαｍｎ　　　　　　　　　　　　・・・（２）２　　
　Ｒ ここで、Ｃは音速、Ｒは円筒の半径、ａｍｎ＆工ａＪｍ
（ｙｒｄ）のｎ番目のオ艮（ｔ５−；ｆｍ（ｙｃαｍｎ
）／ｄαｄα ＝Ｑ、Ｊｍ（πα）はベッセル関数）、ｍ、ｎは０以上
の整数で２ｍが周方向の、ｎが径方向のモードを表わす
次数である。（２）式の周波数ｆｃにおける＼ 固有モードを周波数の低いｊ髄に図示すると、第５図（
ａｌ〜（ｈｌとなる。同図において２点線は円筒音場の
音圧モードの節を示し、その節は円筒横断面を２ｍ分ま
たは２ｎ分するように生ずる。たとえば。Cαmn...(2)2
R Here, C is the speed of sound, R is the radius of the cylinder, amn & engineering aJm
(yrd)'s n-th oscillation (t5-; fm(ycαmn
)/dαdα =Q, Jm (πα) is a Bessel function), m and n are integers greater than or equal to 0, where 2m is an order representing a circumferential mode and n is an order representing a radial mode. Figure 5 (
al~(hl. In the figure, the two dotted lines indicate the nodes of the sound pressure mode of the cylindrical sound field, and the nodes occur so as to divide the cross section of the cylinder into 2 m or 2 n. For example.

ｍ＝２の場合２節は中心を通９周方向を４等分するよう
に生ずる（纂５図（ｂ））。また、実線は半円筒にする
場合の円筒切断平面を示し、その場合に切断平面が周方
向音圧モードの腹となるようにモードは生ずる。したが
って、半円筒にする場合には、径方向だけのモード（ｍ
＝０．ｎ）０）は生じないことになる。When m=2, two nodes are generated so as to pass through the center and equally divide nine circumferential directions into four (Fig. 5 (b)). Further, the solid line indicates the cylinder cutting plane when forming a semi-cylindrical cylinder, and in this case, a mode is generated such that the cutting plane becomes the antinode of the circumferential sound pressure mode. Therefore, when making a semi-cylindrical cylinder, the mode only in the radial direction (m
=0. n)0) will not occur.

このため、上記実施例では、その（イ）、すなわち。Therefore, in the above embodiment, (a), ie.

エンクロージャ＋１１の内部が半円筒状であることによ
り。This is because the inside of enclosure +11 is semi-cylindrical.

（１）音圧モードの節の位置が限定され。(1) The position of the sound pressure mode node is limited.

（１１）　　径方向だけのモードは生ぜず。(11) A mode only in the radial direction does not occur.

（曲　周方向モードの節は円筒の中心全通り、このため
２円筒切断平面の中央に節が集中することになる。そし
て、この曲）から、そのビ埼、すなわち、低音用スピー
カ（３）が切障「平面の中ＪＰ：に取付けられているこ
とによシ２円筒音場に関する時駆動が達成されることに
なる。このように、上記実施例は、その（イ）、ヒ→に
よＱ２円筒音場のモードに関する定在波をすべて励起し
ないものとなる。(The nodes in the circumferential mode of the song go all the way through the center of the cylinder, so the nodes are concentrated in the center of the two cylinder cutting planes.And from this song), the width of the bass, that is, the bass speaker (3) By attaching the cylindrical sound field to the inside of the plane, the above-mentioned embodiment achieves the two cylindrical sound fields. All standing waves related to the modes of the Q2 cylindrical sound field are not excited.

本発明のエンクロージャの内部に、上記実施例の半円筒
状のものに限定されるものでなく２円筒をその中心軸を
含む二平面により二つに切断したその一方のもの、すな
わち、第６図（ａｌ、　（ｂｌに示すようなものであっ
てもよい。同図（ａｌは切断二平面のなす角度１８０°
よりも小としたもの、同図（１）ｔは上記角度を１８０
°よりも大としたものであシ、エンクロージャ（１１の
水平横断面は扇形をなしており。The inside of the enclosure of the present invention is not limited to the semi-cylindrical shape of the above embodiment, but one of two cylinders cut into two by two planes including their central axes, that is, one of them is shown in FIG. (al, (bl). In the same figure (al is the angle of 180° formed by the two cutting planes)
(1) t is smaller than the above angle by 180
The horizontal cross section of the enclosure (11) is fan-shaped.

いずれも、上記実施例のエンクロージャ（１）と全く同
じ動作をする。Both operate in exactly the same way as the enclosure (1) of the above embodiment.

本発明のエンクロージャにも、従来装置の直方体エンク
ロージャと同じく、上下方向（円筒の中心軸方向）の定
在波が起こるが、従来装置について述べたように、低音
用スピーカの取付位置をその定在波モードの節の位置と
してその対策とすることができる。In the enclosure of the present invention, standing waves occur in the vertical direction (in the direction of the central axis of the cylinder), as in the rectangular parallelepiped enclosure of the conventional device, but as described for the conventional device, the mounting position of the bass speaker is The position of the node of the wave mode can be used as a countermeasure.

以上のように２本発明によれば、低音用スピーカをエン
クロージャのバッフル平面に取付けて成るスピーカ装置
を、従来装置のように、エンクロージャ内に前後方向の
定在波を励起させることなく、シたがって、音圧特性の
乱れが少なく、ひいて、音質の劣化も少ないものとする
ことができる。As described above, according to the present invention, a speaker device in which a bass speaker is attached to a baffle plane of an enclosure can be manufactured without exciting standing waves in the front and rear directions within the enclosure, unlike conventional devices. As a result, there is less disturbance in the sound pressure characteristics, and as a result, less deterioration in sound quality can be achieved.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は従来のスピーカ装＃を示す斜視図、第２図は第
１図示のものの音圧周波数特性を示す図。 第３図（ａｌ〜（ｅ）は定在波周波数時の音圧と粒子速
度の、それぞれ、１次〜３次のモードを示す図、第４図
は本発明の一実施例を示し、（ａ）は正面図、（ｂ）ｆ
ヱ（ａｌの１−１に沿った水平横断面図、第５図（ａｌ
〜（ｈｌは円筒音場の音圧モードを示す図、第６図（ａ
）。 （ｂ）は、それぞれ２本発明の他の実施例を示す図であ
る。 （１）・・・エンクロージャ、（２）・・・バックル面
、（３）・・・低音用スピーカ、（５）・・・円筒面 代か人大岩増雄 第１図 第２図 第３図 （（Ｉ） ｔｂ） （Ｃ） 第４図 （浣）（ｂ） 第５図 ｔａ〕（ｂ＋　　（（：）　　ｔｔｈ ＋ｅｌ　　　　　　　　を子Ｉ　　　　　　　　ＴＬｊ
）　　　　　　　Ｃｈ）（（１） ５　図 、□５FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a conventional speaker system, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing sound pressure frequency characteristics of the speaker system shown in FIG. Figures 3 (al to e) are diagrams showing the first to third modes of sound pressure and particle velocity, respectively, at the standing wave frequency, and Figure 4 shows an embodiment of the present invention. a) is a front view, (b) f
ヱ (horizontal cross-sectional view along 1-1 of al., Fig. 5 (al.
~(hl is a diagram showing the sound pressure mode of the cylindrical sound field, Figure 6 (a
). (b) is a diagram showing two other embodiments of the present invention. (1)... Enclosure, (2)... Buckle surface, (3)... Bass speaker, (5)... Cylindrical surface area. (I) tb) (C) Figure 4 (浣) (b) Figure 5 ta] (b+ ((:) tth +el as child I TLj
) Ch) ((1) 5 Figure, □5

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 ｆｉｌ　　低音用スピーカをエンクロージャのバッフル
面に取付けて成るスピーカ装置において、エンクロージ
ャを、内部が、上下両端を閉止した円筒をその中心軸を
含む少なくとも一平面によシ二つに切断した。その一方
の形状をなすものとし、かつ、低音用スピーカをエンク
ロージャの上記円筒としての中心軸上に取付けたことを
特徴とするスピーカ装置。 （２）　　エンクロージャの水平横断面が半円形でおる
ことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載のスピーカ
装置。 （３）低音用スピーカの取付位置がエンクロージャ内の
上下方向に生ずる定在波の音圧モードの節の位置でもあ
ることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲[Claims] fil A speaker device comprising a bass speaker mounted on the baffle surface of an enclosure, in which the enclosure is divided into two parts, the interior of which is a cylinder whose upper and lower ends are closed, along at least one plane including its central axis. Amputated. A speaker device having one of the above shapes, and having a bass speaker mounted on the central axis of the cylindrical enclosure. (2) The speaker device according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal cross section of the enclosure is semicircular. (3) Claims characterized in that the mounting position of the bass speaker is also the position of the node of the sound pressure mode of the standing wave generated in the vertical direction within the enclosure.
JP7094383A 1983-04-22 1983-04-22 Speaker device Granted JPS59196691A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7094383A JPS59196691A (en) 1983-04-22 1983-04-22 Speaker device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7094383A JPS59196691A (en) 1983-04-22 1983-04-22 Speaker device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS59196691A true JPS59196691A (en) 1984-11-08
JPS6351636B2 JPS6351636B2 (en) 1988-10-14

Family

ID=13446085

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP7094383A Granted JPS59196691A (en) 1983-04-22 1983-04-22 Speaker device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS59196691A (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6351636B2 (en) 1988-10-14

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