JPS59196692A - Speaker device - Google Patents
Speaker deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPS59196692A JPS59196692A JP7094483A JP7094483A JPS59196692A JP S59196692 A JPS59196692 A JP S59196692A JP 7094483 A JP7094483 A JP 7094483A JP 7094483 A JP7094483 A JP 7094483A JP S59196692 A JPS59196692 A JP S59196692A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- enclosure
- sound pressure
- center
- woofer
- sound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only
- H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
- H04R1/2869—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself
- H04R1/2884—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of the enclosure structure, i.e. strengthening or shape of the enclosure
- H04R1/2888—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of the enclosure structure, i.e. strengthening or shape of the enclosure for loudspeaker transducers
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
- Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は低音用スピーカをエンクロージャのバッフル面
に取付けて成るスピーカ装置の改良に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a speaker device in which a bass speaker is attached to a baffle surface of an enclosure.
第１図は従来のこの種の２ウエイスピーカ装置を示し、
＋１）＆’！直方体のエンクロージャ、（２）はエン
クロージャ（１）のバッフル面、 ＋３１． ＋４１＋
ｔバッフル面（２１に取付けられた。それぞれ、低音用
スピーカ。Figure 1 shows a conventional two-way speaker device of this type.
+1) &'! Rectangular parallelepiped enclosure, (2) is the baffle surface of enclosure (1), +31. +41+
T-baffle surface (attached to 21. Bass speakers, respectively.
高音用スピーカである。This is a high-pitched speaker.
第２図は上記装置によって放射される音波の。Figure 2 shows the sound waves emitted by the device.
バッフル面（２）の正面遠方での、音圧周波数特性を示
し、実線ａは総合特性であ９２点線す、 ｃはそれぞ
れ低音用スピーカ（３）、高音用スピーカ（４）だけを
駆動した時の特性である。The sound pressure frequency characteristics are shown in the far front direction of the baffle surface (2), where the solid line a is the overall characteristic (92 dots), and c is when only the bass speaker (3) and treble speaker (4) are driven, respectively. It is a characteristic of
ところで、上記装置では、低音用スピーカ（３）全駆動
すると、エンクロージャ（１）内に固有の共振。By the way, in the above device, when the bass speaker (3) is fully driven, a unique resonance occurs within the enclosure (1).
すなわち、定在波が起こることが知られている。In other words, it is known that standing waves occur.
この定在波は、低音用スピーカ（３）から放射される音
波の音圧特性に影響を与えて、ピークやティップを生じ
させ、音質を劣化させる要因となる。この定在波対策と
して、エンクロージャｆｉ＋の内壁に吸音材を貼ってい
るが、それでも、第２図に示した特性すのように、低音
用スピーカ（３）の再生帯域に乱れが生じている。This standing wave affects the sound pressure characteristics of the sound waves emitted from the bass speaker (3), causing peaks and tips, and becoming a factor in deteriorating sound quality. As a countermeasure against this standing wave, a sound absorbing material is pasted on the inner wall of the enclosure fi+, but even so, as shown in the characteristics shown in FIG. 2, disturbances occur in the reproduction band of the bass speaker (3).
そして、エンクロージャ（１）のような直方体の閉じた
音場で起こる固有の共振周波数ｆｒは次式のとおシであ
ることも知られている。It is also known that the unique resonance frequency fr occurring in a rectangular closed sound field such as the enclosure (1) is expressed by the following equation.
ここで、Ｃは音速、 Ｈ，Ｗ、 Ｄ ｆＳ直方体音
場の上下、左右９前後各方向の寸法＋ ｎＥｌ ｎＷ
ｌ ｎＤはＨｌＷ、 Ｄに対応した定在波のモードを表
わす整数（０，１，２，・・・）である。Here, C is the speed of sound, H, W, D fS Dimensions of the rectangular parallelepiped sound field in the vertical, horizontal, and vertical directions + nEl nW
lnD is an integer (0, 1, 2, . . . ) representing the standing wave mode corresponding to HlW, D.
上記（１）式で計算できるように、エンクロージャ内の
一辺が音波の波長の半分、その整数倍になる一方向のみ
のモード（ｎ）１ｍ ｎＷ＊ ｎｐのうちの二つが０−
このモードに軸モードと呼ばれる）、さらに、二方向以
上のモードが重なり合うモード（ｎＨｙｎｗ、 ｎｐの
うちの二つ以上が０でない）が形成される周波数で定在
波が多数生ずる。それらは最大辺長が半波長になる周波
数を最低として順次化ずることになる。たとえば、第１
図に示したように。As can be calculated using equation (1) above, one side of the enclosure is half the wavelength of the sound wave, and two of the unidirectional modes (n) 1m nW* np are 0-
This mode is called an axial mode), and a large number of standing waves are generated at frequencies where modes in two or more directions overlap (two or more of nHynw and np are not 0). They are serialized with the frequency at which the maximum side length is half a wavelength as the lowest. For example, the first
As shown in the figure.
上下方向の寸法が一番犬きいエンクロージャで＆丁。The vertical dimension is the smallest enclosure.
最低の固有共振周波数ｆｒ ＆Ｘ Ｃ／ ２” とな
る。すなわち、 ｎＨ”” １． ｎｙ：＝ｎＤ＝
０である。The lowest natural resonant frequency fr &X C/ 2". That is, nH"" 1.
It is 0.
また、＜１）式で表わされる周波数で定在波が生ずる場
合には、エンクロージャ内の音圧または粒子速度分布が
固有な分布となることも知られており。It is also known that when a standing wave is generated at a frequency expressed by the formula <1), the sound pressure or particle velocity distribution within the enclosure becomes a unique distribution.
第３図に一方向のみのモード（軸モード）に関する１〜
３次の分布例ケ示す。同図の横軸は距離で両端がエンク
ロージャの端面に相当し、縦軸は音圧または粒子速度の
最大値で規格化した値であり。Figure 3 shows 1 to 1 regarding the mode in only one direction (axial mode).
An example of cubic distribution is shown. The horizontal axis in the figure is distance, with both ends corresponding to the end faces of the enclosure, and the vertical axis is the value normalized by the maximum value of sound pressure or particle velocity.
実線１点線はそれぞれ音圧９粒子速度を表わし。Each solid line and one dotted line represents the sound pressure and the particle velocity.
特性（ａｌ 、 （ｂｌ 、 （ｃｌの順に軸モードの
１次、２次、３次の分布である。これらは閉止音響管と
同等の分布を示しており、音圧分布をみると、１次で＆
Ｘ −辺の中心に、２次では両端から一辺の１／４の位
置に、３次では中心と両端から一辺の１／６の位置に節
（音圧０）が存在する。Characteristics (al, (bl, (cl) are the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd order distributions of the axial modes. These show distributions equivalent to those of a closed acoustic tube, and looking at the sound pressure distribution, the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd order distributions of the axial modes in&
There is a node (sound pressure 0) at the center of the X-side, at a position 1/4 of a side from both ends in the secondary case, and at a position 1/6 of a side from the center and both ends in the tertiary case.
定在波対策として、第３図の定在波モードを考慮した方
法もとられる。すなわち、定在波音圧モードの節の位置
に低音用スピーカを取付ける方法で、低音用スピーカの
中心を音圧モードの節にほぼ一致させれば、そのモード
全発生させる定在波１求励起されない。これを第１図に
ついていえば。As a countermeasure against standing waves, a method that takes into consideration the standing wave mode shown in FIG. 3 is also taken. In other words, by installing a bass speaker at the node of the standing wave sound pressure mode, if the center of the bass speaker is approximately aligned with the node of the sound pressure mode, the standing wave 1 that will generate all of that mode will not be excited. . Let's talk about this in Figure 1.
低音用ス、堕−力（３）をバックル面（２）の中央に取
付ければ、エンクロージャ（１）の上下、左右各方向の
中心に低音用スピーカ（３）があるので、第３図（ａｌ
の１次モード（ｎＨ＝ １ 、 ｎｗ＝ １ ）を発生
きせるそれぞれの周波数で定在波は励起されないことに
なる。If the bass speaker (3) is attached to the center of the buckle surface (2), the bass speaker (3) will be located at the center of the enclosure (1) in both the vertical and horizontal directions, as shown in Figure 3 ( al
The standing waves will not be excited at the respective frequencies that generate the first-order modes (nH=1, nw=1).
また、第３図（ｃｌのように、３次モード、さらには。Also, as in Fig. 3 (cl), the tertiary mode, and even.
それ以上の奇数次のモードでも中央に音圧の節があるの
で、それらの定在波も励起されないことになる。第３図
（ｂ）の２次とそれ以上の偶数次のモードについても上
記と同様なことがいえる。Since there is a sound pressure node in the center even in odd-numbered modes, those standing waves are not excited either. The same thing can be said about the second-order and higher even-order modes shown in FIG. 3(b).
しかし、第１図の低音用スピーカ（３）は、第３図のモ
ード図でいえばその左、右どちらか一端にちゃ、エンク
ロージャ（１）内に前後（奥行）方向に起こる定在波に
対してはその音圧モードの腹の位置を駆動するものであ
る。However, in the mode diagram of Figure 3, the bass speaker (3) in Figure 1 is affected by standing waves that occur in the front and back (depth) direction within the enclosure (1) at either the left or right end. This is to drive the position of the antinode of the sound pressure mode.
従来装置には、上記のように、エンクロージャの前後方
向の定在波が必ず励起されてしまい、それによシ音圧特
性に乱れが生ずるという欠点がある。As described above, the conventional device has the disadvantage that standing waves in the front and back directions of the enclosure are always excited, which causes disturbances in the sound pressure characteristics.
本発明は、従来装置の上記のような欠点を除去すること
を目的とし、そのため、エンクロージャを、バッフル面
、天板、底板、左、右側板、裏板から成シ、天板と底板
がバッフル面に対し外側に傾斜し、これにより、垂直縦
断面が台形をなし。The present invention aims to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of conventional devices, and therefore the enclosure is made up of a baffle surface, a top plate, a bottom plate, left and right plates, and a back plate. It slopes outward with respect to the surface, so that the vertical longitudinal section forms a trapezoid.
その台形の内寸の上辺（バッフル面）Ｉ（Ｂ、下辺（裏
板）Ｈｌ、高さく奥行）ＤがＨｓ＜ｕｌ、 Ｄ≦（Ｈｓ
＋Ｈ１） ／ ４でちるものとし、かつ、低音用スピー
カをバッフル面の上下方向での中央部に取付けるもので
ある。The inner dimension of the trapezoid is upper side (baffle surface) I (B, lower side (back plate) Hl, height and depth) D is Hs<ul, D≦(Hs
+H1) / 4, and the bass speaker is installed in the center of the baffle surface in the vertical direction.
第４図は本発明の一実施例を示し、（ａ）は正面図。FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the present invention, and (a) is a front view.
（ｂ）は（ａｌのＩ−Ｉに沿う垂直縦断面図、 （１１
〜（３１は第１図におけると同じく、それぞれ、エンク
ロージャ、バックル面、低音用スピーカ、 （５ａ）
、 （５ｂ）。(b) is a vertical longitudinal cross-sectional view along I-I of (al), (11
~ (Same as in Figure 1, 31 is the enclosure, buckle surface, bass speaker, (5a)
, (5b).
（ｓｃ）、 （５ｄ）、 （６１はエンクロージャ（１
）の、それぞれ。(sc), (5d), (61 is the enclosure (1
), respectively.
天板、底板、左、右側板、裏板であるが、天板（Ｓａ）
、底板（５ｂ）ｋｌバッフル面（２）の上、下各端に外
側に傾斜して接合され、これによシワエンクロージャ（
１）は、第４図・（−）ノに明らかなようＶＣ。The top plate, bottom plate, left and right side plates, and back plate are the top plate (Sa)
, the bottom plate (5b) is joined to the upper and lower ends of the kl baffle surface (2) with an outward slope, thereby forming the wrinkled enclosure (
1) is VC as shown in Figure 4 (-).
（イ）その垂直縦断面が台形をなし。(b) Its vertical longitudinal section is trapezoidal.
（ロ）その台形の内寸の上辺（バッフル面） ＨＥ３．
下辺（裏板）Ｈｌ、高さく奥行）ＤがＨ８＜ａｌ、
Ｄ≦（Ｈθ＋Ｈ１）／４ でちり。(b) The upper side of the trapezoid's inner dimensions (baffle surface) HE3.
Lower side (back plate) Hl, height and depth) D is H8<al,
D≦(Hθ+H1)/4 Dust.
ビｊその台形の上辺、すなわち、バックル面（２）の中
央部に低音用スピーカ（３）全取付けている２ものであ
る。従来、上記（イ）のように壁面を傾斜させたエンク
ロージャは存在するが２本発明は、上記目的のため、さ
らに上記（ロ）、ヒ・）のとおり、その寸法、低音用ス
ピーカ取付位置を限定するものでちる。The bass speaker (3) is completely attached to the upper side of the trapezoid, that is, the center of the buckle surface (2). Conventionally, there have been enclosures with inclined walls as in (a) above. It's limited.
一般に、スピーカが定在波の音圧モードの腹または音圧
の高いところに取付けられていると、スピーカの振動板
にはその定在波の周波数付近で大きな力（音圧）が加え
られ、スピーカの音圧特性は大きく乱されることになる
。そして、エンクロージャが直方体状のものである従来
装置では、前記のとお９２前後方向に生ずる定在波によ
シ音圧特性の乱れが大きい。これに対し、上記実施例で
は２エンクロージヤ（１）に生ずる。従来装置の直方体
状エンクロージャの前後方向の１次に相幽する定在波は
、第４図（１）ｌに示した点線（７１，＋１３＋を音圧
の。Generally, when a speaker is installed at the antinode of the sound pressure mode of a standing wave or at a place where the sound pressure is high, a large force (sound pressure) is applied to the speaker's diaphragm near the frequency of the standing wave. The sound pressure characteristics of the speaker will be greatly disturbed. In the conventional device in which the enclosure is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, the sound pressure characteristics are greatly disturbed by the standing waves generated in the front-rear direction as described above. In contrast, in the above embodiment, this occurs in two enclosures (1). The standing waves that interfere with the primary order in the front-rear direction of the rectangular parallelepiped enclosure of the conventional device are represented by the dotted line (71, +13+) shown in FIG. 4 (1) l of the sound pressure.
それぞれ２節、腹とするモードを形成する。このような
、波打つ節（７）をもつモードは、エンクロージャ（１
）の上記（イ）、（ロ）の限定によシ形成されるもので
あシ、第４図（ｂｌから明らかなように、左側の台形上
辺中央部は音圧が比較的低いところとなる。Each forms a mode with two nodes and an antinode. This mode with undulating nodes (7) is
) is formed by the above limitations (a) and (b), and as is clear from Figure 4 (bl), the sound pressure is relatively low in the center of the upper side of the trapezoid on the left. .
したがって、上記ヒ１により上記中央部に取付けられて
いる低音用スピーカ（３）の振動板に加わる音場の力は
小さく、それによる低音用スピーカ（３）の音圧特性の
乱れは少ない。なお、低音用スピーカ（３）の取付位置
は、エンクロージャ＋１１の左右方向に生ずる１次の定
在波の音圧モードの節の位置でもあるので、その定在波
は励起されない。Therefore, the sound field force applied to the diaphragm of the bass speaker (3) mounted at the center by the heat 1 is small, and the sound pressure characteristics of the bass speaker (3) are less disturbed by it. Note that the mounting position of the bass speaker (3) is also the position of the node of the sound pressure mode of the first-order standing wave generated in the left-right direction of the enclosure +11, so the standing wave is not excited.
以上のように２本発明によれば、低音用スビーカヲエン
クロージャのバックル面に取付けて成ルスビーカ装置を
、エンクロージャの前後方向に生ずる定在波の影響が小
さく、シたがって、低音用スピーカの音圧特性の乱れが
少なく、ひいて、音質の劣化も少ないものとすることが
できる。As described above, according to the two aspects of the present invention, the bass speaker device is attached to the buckle surface of the bass speaker enclosure, so that the influence of standing waves generated in the front and rear directions of the enclosure is small, and therefore the sound of the bass speaker is reduced. It is possible to have less disturbance in pressure characteristics and, in turn, less deterioration in sound quality.
第１図は従来のスピーカ装置を示す斜視図、第２図（ま
第１図示のものの音圧周波数特性を示す図。
第３図（ａｌ〜ｔｃ＋は定在波周波数時の音圧と粒子速
度の、それぞれ、１次〜３次のモードを示す図、第４図
は本発明の一実施例を示し、（ａ）は正面図、（ｂ）は
（ａｌの１１に沿った垂直縦断面図である。
（１）・・・エンクロージャ、（２１・・・バッフルｉ
、 （３１・・・低音用スピーカ、 （５ａ）・・・
天板、 （ｓｂ）・・・底板代理人大岩増雄
５９７
第１図
＠２図
第３図
（α）
（ｂ）
［Ｃ）Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a conventional speaker device, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing sound pressure frequency characteristics of the speaker device shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 (al~tc+ is the sound pressure and particle velocity at the standing wave frequency FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a front view, and (b) is a vertical cross-sectional view along line 11 of (al). (1) Enclosure, (21... Baffle i
, (31... bass speaker, (5a)...
Top plate, (sb)...Bottom plate agent Masuo Oiwa 597 Figure 1 @ 2 Figure 3 (α) (b) [C]
Claims (1)
て成るスピーカ装置において、エンクロージャを、バッ
クル面、天板、地板、左、右側板。 矢板から成シ、天板と底板がバッフル面に対し外側に傾
斜し、これによシ、垂直縦断面が台形をなし、その台形
の内寸の上辺（バッフル面）Ｈ８゜下辺（裏板）ＨＬ、
高さく美行）Ｄが１（Ｂ〈ＨＬ。 Ｈ８＋ＨＬ Ｄ≦ ２ であるものとし、かつ、低音用スピーカを
バックル面の上下方向での中央部に取付けたことを特徴
シとするスピーカ装置。[Claims] In a speaker device in which a bass speaker is attached to a baffle surface of an enclosure, the enclosure includes a buckle surface, a top plate, a base plate, left and right side plates. Constructed from sheet piles, the top plate and bottom plate are inclined outward with respect to the baffle surface, so that the vertical longitudinal section forms a trapezoid, and the inner dimensions of the trapezoid are the upper side (baffle surface) H8° and the lower side (back plate). H.L.
A speaker device characterized in that D is 1 (B〈HL.H8+HL D≦2), and a bass speaker is attached to the center of the buckle surface in the vertical direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7094483A JPS59196692A (en) | 1983-04-22 | 1983-04-22 | Speaker device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7094483A JPS59196692A (en) | 1983-04-22 | 1983-04-22 | Speaker device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59196692A true JPS59196692A (en) | 1984-11-08 |
Family
ID=13446113
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7094483A Pending JPS59196692A (en) | 1983-04-22 | 1983-04-22 | Speaker device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59196692A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008131199A (en) * | 2006-11-17 | 2008-06-05 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | Speaker system |
| US20150027805A1 (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2015-01-29 | Usher Audio Technology | Speaker enclosure and method for fabricating the same |
-
1983
- 1983-04-22 JP JP7094483A patent/JPS59196692A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008131199A (en) * | 2006-11-17 | 2008-06-05 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | Speaker system |
| US20150027805A1 (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2015-01-29 | Usher Audio Technology | Speaker enclosure and method for fabricating the same |
| US9131301B2 (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2015-09-08 | Usher Audio Technology | Speaker enclosure and method for fabricating the same |
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