JPS59183389A - Infrared detection apparatus of invader - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to certainly detect an invader, by such simple constitution that the gain of an infrared ray receiving signal amplifier is automatically controlled by the output of an integration circuit having large time constant and the invader is detected on the basis of the abrupt change of a receiving signal. CONSTITUTION:Infrared rays from a light emitter 1 controlled by an oscillator 9 are diffusibly reflected by a fixed wall or an invader and diffused light in an axial direction is received by a light receiver 4 while the peak value of the receiving signal through an amplifier 10 and a gate circuit 11 controlled by the oscillator 9 is held to a peak hold circuit 12. This peak hold value and the peak hold value directly before passing a delay circuit 16 are compared by a comparator circuit 15 and the invader is detected by the abrupt change of the peak hold value. On the other hand, the output of the circuit 12 is inputted to an integration circuit 13 having large time constant to automatically control the gain of the amplifier 10 and, even if the light receiver 4 is succeedingly irradiated with a torch lamp by the invader, the amplifier 10 is not brought to a saturation state. Therefore, the invader can be always certainly detected by simple constitution requiring no optical axis adjustment.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 赤外線ビームの投光器と、その受光器とを対設して受光
器に入射するビームが遮断されたとき信号が送出される
ようにすることくニよって、ビームを横断する侵入者を
検知することができる。また投ニル器と受光器と全例え
ば同一個所に起重し、これらと対向するように設籠した
反射鏡を介して、と受光器とをそれぞれ独立に設そシて
、しかもそれらの光軸を一致させなければならない。ま
た後者は反射鏡を投光器および受光器の光軸上に配置し
て、かつ反射光線が受光器に入射するようにその向きを
調整する必要があるから、何れも取付の工作が極めて困
難な欠点がある。更に後者は使用中における反射鏡の汚
扛あるφは僅かな移動等によって検知感汝が著Ｌ〈低下
すると共に侵入者が反射率の高い衣服をまとって投受光
器の近くを通過した場合等もこれを検知し得ない等の欠
点がある。本発明は上述のような欠点がなく、取付が極
めて容易で、しかも侵入者を確実に検知し得る装環を提
供するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A projector of an infrared beam and a receiver thereof are arranged opposite each other so that a signal is transmitted when the beam incident on the receiver is interrupted, thereby traversing the beam. Intruders can be detected. In addition, the projector and the receiver may be placed in the same place, for example, and the receiver and the projector may be installed independently through a reflecting mirror placed to face them, and their optical axes are must match. In addition, the latter requires placing the reflector on the optical axis of the emitter and receiver, and adjusting its direction so that the reflected light beam enters the receiver, making installation difficult. There is. Furthermore, in the latter case, if the reflector becomes dirty during use, the detection sensitivity decreases significantly due to slight movement, etc., and if an intruder wearing highly reflective clothing passes near the emitter/receiver, etc. However, there are drawbacks such as the inability to detect this. The present invention provides a ring that does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks, is extremely easy to install, and can reliably detect intruders.

′＠１図は本発明実施例の光学的構成を示した図で、赤
外線投光器ｌｆｉ放物面反射鏡んの焦点に例えば赤外線
発光ダイオード３を配置し、また赤外線投光器番は同様
の反射鏡５の焦点に７オ））うンジスタ６を配置したも
のであるが、それらの光軸を平行に配置して同一の筐体
フの中に取付けである・このような投受光器の光軸を例
えば建造物の壁面等任意の物体８に向けて筐体フを設遺
しである。従って投光器１から発射される赤外線ビーム
ａが物体８に入射して、その表面で矢印ｐのように一般
に乱反射を生ずる。この乱反射光線のうち矢印すのよう
に受光器４の光軸と一致したものが反射鏡５を介してフ
ォトトランジスタ６に入射する。'@1 Figure is a diagram showing the optical configuration of the embodiment of the present invention. For example, an infrared light emitting diode 3 is arranged at the focal point of an infrared projector lfi parabolic reflector, and the infrared projector number is a similar reflector 5. The optical axis of such a transmitter/receiver is For example, the casing can be left facing an arbitrary object 8 such as a wall of a building. Therefore, the infrared beam a emitted from the projector 1 is incident on the object 8, and generally causes diffuse reflection on the surface of the object as indicated by the arrow p. Among these diffusely reflected light beams, those that coincide with the optical axis of the light receiver 4 as shown by arrows enter the phototransistor 6 via the reflecting mirror 5.

上述の光学系において投光器１から発射される赤外線ビ
ームａは多少の拡散角を有するから物体８には第２図に
示したように数糎乃至数十糎の面積をもって入射する。In the above-mentioned optical system, the infrared beam a emitted from the projector 1 has a certain degree of diffusion angle, so that it is incident on the object 8 with an area of several to several tens of beams, as shown in FIG.

この入射面の各部における反射光Ｍ７＋のうち受光器４
の光軸と一致したものがフォトトランジスタ６に入射す
るが、その入射ビームは上述の発射赤外線ビームαとＰ
！ｆｆ一致する。従って侵入者Ｃが上記ビームａを遮る
と、その侵入者の衣服等から反射する光線りのうち受光
器４の光軸と一致したものがフォトトランジスタ６に入
射するようになる。この場合の入射光量は、物体８と上
記衣服等の赤外線反射率の相違、並びに筐体７から物体
８および侵入者Ｃまでの距１．：、−の相違等によって
、侵入者Ｃでビームａが♂バられる前の入射光量とは必
ず相違している。本発明はこの入射光量の変化によって
侵入者を検知りようとするものである。Of the reflected light M7+ at each part of this incident surface, the light receiver 4
is incident on the phototransistor 6, but the incident beam coincides with the optical axis of the emitted infrared beams α and P
! ff matches. Therefore, when an intruder C interrupts the beam a, among the light beams reflected from the intruder's clothes, those that coincide with the optical axis of the light receiver 4 will be incident on the phototransistor 6. The amount of incident light in this case is determined by the difference in infrared reflectance between the object 8 and the above-mentioned clothing, and the distance 1. :, -, etc., the amount of incident light is always different from the amount of incident light before the beam a is deflected by the intruder C. The present invention attempts to detect an intruder based on changes in the amount of incident light.

第３図は上記変化を検知するための電気回路の構成２示
した図で、パルス発振器９の出力を投光器１に加えて、
パルス光による赤外線ビームαを物体８ζ二向けて発射
する。その物体８で反射した赤外線ビームｈが受光器４
に入射し、この受光器４の出力が増幅回路１０で増幅さ
れて同期検出のためのゲート回路１１に加わる。ゲート
回路１１１”ｔパルス発振器９の出力パルスが加わる毎
に開放するから、その出力をピークホールド回路１２に
加えて平滑化することにより、他の光源による混入光の
影響が除去されて投射ビームαによる反射ビームｂの強
度のみに対応し７２：４−．清な出力が得られる。この
出力が適当な時定数を有する積分回路１３を介して、前
記増幅回路１０の自動利得制御回路１４に加わる。すな
わち投射ビームαが前記物体８のようにｔＨ＋　Ｌない
一定の物体に入射して、その反射ビームｂが受光器４に
入射している限り、増幅回路８の入力が仮り（二変動し
たとしてもその周期は一般に積分回路１３の時定数より
冊かに大きいためＣ二、ピークホールド回路１２の出力
は物体８の反射率その他の条件の変動ｆ二量体なくほぼ
一定のレベル全保持する。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration 2 of an electric circuit for detecting the above change, in which the output of the pulse oscillator 9 is applied to the floodlight 1,
An infrared beam α of pulsed light is emitted toward the object 8ζ2. The infrared beam h reflected by the object 8 is transmitted to the receiver 4.
The output of the photoreceiver 4 is amplified by an amplifier circuit 10 and applied to a gate circuit 11 for synchronization detection. Since the gate circuit 111"t is opened every time an output pulse of the pulse oscillator 9 is applied, by applying the output to the peak hold circuit 12 and smoothing it, the influence of mixed light from other light sources is removed and the projection beam α is 72:4-. A clear output is obtained, which corresponds only to the intensity of the reflected beam b due to In other words, as long as the projected beam α is incident on a constant object with tH+L, such as the object 8, and the reflected beam b is incident on the receiver 4, the input of the amplifier circuit 8 is assumed to change by (2). Since the period is generally much larger than the time constant of the integrating circuit 13, the output of the peak hold circuit 12 is maintained at a nearly constant level without any fluctuations in the reflectance of the object 8 or other conditions.

第３図における比較器１５、遅延回ｎ１６および警報器
１７等は侵入者のあったことを検出するための回路であ
って、遅延回路１６の−ｉｊヌ延時開時間えば前記積分
回路１３の時定数より多少小さい値に設定される。すな
わち比較器１５け各時点におけるピークホールド回路１
２の出力と、遅延回路１６の遅延時間だけ早い時点にお
けろ上記回路１２の出力とを比較してそれらの間（二、
ある一定値以上のレベル差があった場合に出力を送出し
て扮報器１〕を動作させる。The comparator 15, delay circuit n16, alarm device 17, etc. in FIG. 3 are circuits for detecting the presence of an intruder. Set to a value slightly smaller than the constant. In other words, the peak hold circuit 1 at each time point of 15 comparators
The output of the circuit 12 is compared with the output of the circuit 12 at a point earlier by the delay time of the delay circuit 16, and the difference between them (2, 2,
When there is a level difference of more than a certain value, an output is sent out to operate the annunciator 1.

従って侵入者が無い場合は比較器１５における上記２つ
の入力が常に等しい値を保持して警報器１７は不動作状
態を維持する。しかし第２図のように侵入者Ｃによって
ビームαが遮られると、前述のように受光器４に入射す
る光鍬が急激に増大または減少するから、増幅回路１０
の入力が急激に変化する。他方自動利得制御回路１４に
は積分回路１３を介して入力が加わっているためにその
出力は急激に変化することなく、上記増幅回路の利得変
化には相当の遅れを生ずる。このため増幅回路１０の出
力、従ってピークホールド（ロ）路１２の出力が上記遅
れ時間の間だけ増へまたは減少し、その変化が比較器１
５で検出されて、警報器１７か動作する。Therefore, if there is no intruder, the two inputs of the comparator 15 always maintain the same value and the alarm 17 remains inactive. However, if the beam α is blocked by the intruder C as shown in FIG.
input changes rapidly. On the other hand, since input is applied to the automatic gain control circuit 14 via the integration circuit 13, its output does not change suddenly, and there is a considerable delay in the change in the gain of the amplifier circuit. Therefore, the output of the amplifier circuit 10, and therefore the output of the peak hold (b) circuit 12, increases or decreases only during the delay time, and the change is reflected in the comparator 1.
5 and the alarm 17 is activated.

なお上述のような装置において、物体８の反射率が高く
、かつ筐体フとの間の距然が小さい場合等は受光器４の
出力が飽和状態に達する。その状態で更に赤外線反射率
の高い衣服等をまとった侵入者がビームαを遮断した場
合等は受光器４の出力が依然として飽和状態を維持して
出力Ｃ二変動を生じないために、侵入者を検知し得ない
。このような場合は＠３図に破線で示したように、投光
器の入力を調整する回路１８を介してパルス発振器９の
弧ｎを受う゛Ｃ恭４に加え、自動利得制御回路１４の出
力゛にの回路１８を制御する。すなセち受光器４の出力
が飽和状態に近附くと制御回路１４の出力で役元福゛ｌ
の入力を低下させるようじ回範１８を調整−３にこによ
つＣ受光器の出力が飽和することによる上記欠点を防ｄ
二することがで５ると共にピークホールドＩＪ　ｉ！＠
　１２の出力も安定に保たれるΩ以上実ｊノ１１例につ
いて説明したよう【二本発明の装置は任］はのり、！Ｉ
庫に赤外線ビームを投射して、その４；り！ト（−よる
反射丸線を受光器（二人射させ１受光器の出力夏化によ
って侵入者を検知するもので、自り〕利待制餌１回青１
じよって伐出イΔ号のレベルをほぼ一シュＬのイ；；、
に保持する。従って従来の装！（は受光器にイ６１Ｉえ
Ｑ、↓愉甲′ｒ、Ｌ灯等の元紫入射させた状態で侵入１
′るど、これ全検知し得ないが、本発明の製画はこの工
う７上場合でも入射光の開動によって容易Ｃ二ｆ“シ知
−！ることができる。かつ前記物体の反射率かに化した
居合でも、その変化が緩速度で行われる限り検出口１１
’ｉｒか誤信号を送出するおそれがないと共（＝この検
出口１市にはほぼ一定のレベルの信号がができる。更（
二投射孕オ１之）、４ミ外ｉ’（４（ｅ’−ムが入射−
」る物体の反則￥が極めて低い居合、あるい（１このよ
うな物体が存在Ｌ　７＋：い↓′み合でも侵入名徽ハら
反射゛丸線が生ずるとぎ（仁、これ〒検知°ｊ゛ること
ができる。この参う（−不発［３１の装’ｊ４−ｔはし
入−ｎを４目ｒに拐知し得ると共Ｃ″−取付桃所に対す
る制限がなく、かつ取付時の調整等も極めて容と１．で
ある。In the above-described apparatus, when the reflectance of the object 8 is high and the distance between the object 8 and the casing is small, the output of the light receiver 4 reaches a saturated state. If an intruder wearing clothes with high infrared reflectivity blocks the beam α in this state, the output of the receiver 4 will still remain saturated and no fluctuation will occur in the output C2, so the intruder will cannot be detected. In such a case, as shown by the broken line in Figure 3, in addition to the output of the automatic gain control circuit 14, which receives the arc n of the pulse oscillator 9 through the circuit 18 that adjusts the input of the projector. The circuit 18 is controlled. In other words, when the output of the light receiver 4 approaches the saturated state, the output of the control circuit 14
By adjusting the toothpick range 18 to reduce the input of -3, the above drawbacks due to saturation of the output of the C receiver can be prevented.
The second thing you can do is peak hold IJ i! @
As explained in the 11 actual examples above, the output of 12 is kept stable. I
Projecting an infrared beam into the warehouse, Part 4! (-) The reflected round line is emitted by two receivers, and the output of one receiver is used to detect intruders.
As a result, the level of the logging I Δ was almost one sh L;;,
to hold. Therefore traditional attire! (Intrusion 1 with the original violet light such as I61IeQ, ↓Yuko'r, and L light incident on the receiver)
Although it is not possible to detect all of this, the drawing of the present invention can easily detect C2f by the opening movement of the incident light even in this case. Even if the iai has turned into a crab, as long as the change occurs at a slow speed, the detection port 11
There is no risk of sending out an erroneous signal (= a signal of almost constant level is generated at this detection port 1.
2 projection pregnant o1), 4 mi outside i'(4(e'-m is incident-
7+: Even if the intrusion name has a very low fouling value, or (1) such an object exists, a round line is generated that reflects the intrusion name (Jin, this is detected. It is possible to do this (-unexploded [31 installation'j4-t intrusion-n can be detected in the 4th r, and C''-there is no restriction on the installation place, and when installing Adjustments, etc. are also extremely easy.

なお前記夾施Ｐ″・ｉは投光器と受ツ６器とを同一（ｋ
ｆｉ所に配置してそｔしらの元＆１１を平行（乙配Ｉし
たもの−Ｃあるが、投光器と受光器の九屯（；がモＬ怠
、の物体上で交わるようにこれらを分院してｈ宜の位１
に取イｊけることもできる。In addition, the above-mentioned concentration P''・i is the same for the emitter and the six receivers (k
There is one where the emitter and the receiver are placed parallel to each other, and the two elements are placed parallel to each other. teh digit 1
You can also take it to the next level.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は本発明実施例の光学的構成を示したし１、第２
図は本発明の詳細な説明図、り３３図は本発明実施例の
電気的構成を示した図である。なお図（二おいて、ｌｌ
”ｉ投光器、４は受光器、８は任意の物体、９けパルス
発振器、工０は増幅回路、１１はゲート回路、１２けピ
ークホールド′回路、１３は積分回路、ユ４（Ｌ′ｉ自
動利得制御回路、１５は比較器、１６は遅延回路・１７
はグｆ報器である。 特許出願人　アツミ電気株式会社 代理人　弁理士　益田仙宿買□、４ １．１．−、、。FIG. 1 shows the optical configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.
The figure is a detailed explanatory diagram of the present invention, and Figure 33 is a diagram showing the electrical configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. In addition, the figure (2, ll
``i Emitter, 4 is a receiver, 8 is an arbitrary object, 9-digit pulse oscillator, 0 is an amplifier circuit, 11 is a gate circuit, 12-digit peak hold' circuit, 13 is an integration circuit, U4 (L'i automatic Gain control circuit, 15 is a comparator, 16 is a delay circuit, 17
is an alarm device. Patent applicant Atsumi Electric Co., Ltd. Agent Patent attorney Masuda Senjuku Buy □, 4 1.1. -,,.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 任意の物体（−向って赤外線ビームを投射する赤外線投
光器と、上記物体で反射した赤外線が入射するようＣ二
股！さｊ、た赤外線受光器と、上記赤外線受光器の出力
（二対する増幅回路と、上記増幅回路の出力を加えられ
る時定数の大き一積分回路と、上記積分回路の出力で前
記投光＃っ入力または増幅回路の少なくも一方を制御す
る自動利得制御回路と、前記増幅回路の出力か急激に変
化したとき侵入者検知信号を送出する検出回路とよりな
ることを特徴とする赤外線侵入者検知装！An infrared emitter that projects an infrared beam toward an arbitrary object, an infrared receiver that is bifurcated so that the infrared rays reflected by the object enters, and the output of the infrared receiver (an amplifier circuit for the two , an integrator circuit with a large time constant to which the output of the amplification circuit is applied; an automatic gain control circuit that controls at least one of the light emitting input or the amplification circuit with the output of the integrator circuit; An infrared intruder detection device characterized by consisting of a detection circuit that sends out an intruder detection signal when the output suddenly changes!