JPS589400B2 - How to dispose of radioactive organic liquid waste - Google Patents
How to dispose of radioactive organic liquid wasteInfo
- Publication number
- JPS589400B2 JPS589400B2 JP53056320A JP5632078A JPS589400B2 JP S589400 B2 JPS589400 B2 JP S589400B2 JP 53056320 A JP53056320 A JP 53056320A JP 5632078 A JP5632078 A JP 5632078A JP S589400 B2 JPS589400 B2 JP S589400B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- soot
- radioactive
- furnace
- amount
- waste liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は放射性有機液体廃棄物の処理方法に関するもの
である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for treating radioactive organic liquid waste.
最近医療や各種研究の施設で放射性同位元素が使用され
、とりわけ3H,14Cの放射性同位元素は数多く使用
されている。Recently, radioisotopes have been used in medical and various research facilities, and in particular, 3H and 14C radioisotopes have been used in large numbers.
そしてその測定には液体シンチレーションが用いられ、
その結果その測定から排出する廃液には必ずトルエン等
の芳香族炭化水素を多量に含有することになる。Liquid scintillation is used for the measurement.
As a result, the waste liquid discharged from the measurement always contains a large amount of aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene.
従ってこれらの放射性液体廃棄物は消防法に規定された
危険物第4類に該当し一定量以上の貯蔵が困難であり、
又これに使用する陶製容器にも破損等の問題がある。Therefore, these radioactive liquid wastes fall under category 4 of hazardous materials stipulated in the Fire Service Act, and it is difficult to store more than a certain amount.
Furthermore, the ceramic containers used for this also have problems such as breakage.
現在ではこれらの放射性液体廃棄物の処荷方法として次
の様な方法が試みられているが、未だ問題が多く確定的
な方法がない。Currently, the following methods are being tried to dispose of these radioactive liquid wastes, but there are still many problems and there is no definitive method.
■廃液を分留して残査物を固形化する方法低沸点の芳香
族炭化水素を分留して残った残査中の3H14C等の放
射性廃棄物を残査物と共にセメント等で固形化する方法
であるが、この固形物の量が最初の廃棄の量より増加し
処分にかなりの費用がかゝる。■ Method of fractionating waste liquid and solidifying the residue After fractionating aromatic hydrocarbons with a low boiling point, radioactive waste such as 3H14C in the remaining residue is solidified with cement etc. However, the amount of solids increases from the amount originally disposed of, and disposal costs are considerable.
又残査物の固形化をやめて残査物を焼却するには別に燃
料を必要とするので次の焼却法と同じ問題が発生する。Further, since additional fuel is required to stop the solidification of the residue and incinerate the residue, the same problem as the next incineration method occurs.
■廃液を焼却する方法
液体シンチレーシヨンの廃液は必ずトルエン等の芳香族
炭化水素を多量に含んでいるにで廃液は可燃性である。■How to incinerate waste liquid Waste liquid from liquid scintillation always contains a large amount of aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and is flammable.
従ってこれらの廃液を完全に燃焼すると炭酸ガス(CO
2)と水(H20)に分解することが出来る。Therefore, when these waste liquids are completely burned, carbon dioxide gas (CO
2) and water (H20).
放射性同位元素3Hと14Cは夫々CO2とH20の中
に存在してくるのでCO2とH20を捕集すればよい。Since the radioactive isotopes 3H and 14C exist in CO2 and H20, respectively, it is sufficient to collect CO2 and H20.
一般に有機物は空気で燃焼すると炭酸ガスと水になり、
この炭酸ガスは燃焼に寄与しなかった空気の他の成分N
2と水分(水蒸気の状態になっている)と一緒に煙突か
ら放出される。Generally, when organic matter is burned in air, it becomes carbon dioxide and water.
This carbon dioxide gas is the other component of the air that did not contribute to combustion.
2 and water (in the form of water vapor) are released from the chimney.
このとき排ガスを大気温度以下に冷却すると水蒸気は液
化して水となり回収できる。At this time, when the exhaust gas is cooled to below atmospheric temperature, the water vapor liquefies and becomes water, which can be recovered.
又炭酸ガスはアルカリ水で洗滌すれば中和して塩となり
沈澱物となって回収できる。In addition, carbon dioxide gas can be neutralized by washing with alkaline water and can be recovered as a salt and precipitate.
今廃液が全部トルエンからなるものとすると燃焼生成排
ガス中のCO2の発生量は化学式
C7H8+902→7CO2+4H20
からトルエン1kgに対し3.35kg発生し、これを
可性ソーダで中和すると化学式
2NaOH+C02−+NaC03+H20となり、C
O21kgから2.4倍のNaCO3が発生する。Now, assuming that the waste liquid is entirely composed of toluene, the amount of CO2 generated in the combustion generated exhaust gas is 3.35 kg per 1 kg of toluene, based on the chemical formula C7H8 + 902 → 7CO2 + 4H20, and when this is neutralized with sodium chloride, the chemical formula becomes 2NaOH + C02- + NaC03 + H20, C
2.4 times more NaCO3 is generated from 1 kg of O2.
従ってトルエン1kgに対し重量比3.35×2.4≒
8倍のNa2CO3が発生することになるので、廃棄物
の量が非常に多くなり処分に困る状態となる。Therefore, the weight ratio for 1 kg of toluene is 3.35 x 2.4≒
Since 8 times as much Na2CO3 will be generated, the amount of waste will be extremely large and difficult to dispose of.
本発明は上記の方法の欠点をなくすためになされたもの
で、2次廃棄物の量を少くして安全に放射性有機廃液を
焼却処理する方法である、その特徴とするところは放射
性物質を含む有機廃液を、その燃焼についてはその有機
廃液中の水素分を燃焼するに要する酸素分に見合う空気
量を供給することにより、燃焼してCOやCO2を発生
せしめることなく、すすと水に分離して(Hの酸化がC
より先に進み、Cの酸化に必要なOがないのでCがすす
の形で残る)放射性物質をすすと水に含有せしめて処理
する方法である。The present invention was made in order to eliminate the drawbacks of the above-mentioned methods, and is a method for safely incinerating radioactive organic waste liquid by reducing the amount of secondary waste.The main feature of this invention is that it contains radioactive materials. Organic waste liquid can be separated into soot and water without burning and producing CO or CO2 by supplying an amount of air commensurate with the oxygen content required to burn the hydrogen content in the organic waste liquid. (the oxidation of H is C
This method goes further and treats radioactive substances by incorporating them into soot and water (C remains in the form of soot because there is no O necessary for oxidizing C).
以下例示図面について本発明を詳細に説明する、ただし
これだけに限定されるものではない。The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to illustrative drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
第1図は本発明の一実施例である装置の縦断面図である
。FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an apparatus that is an embodiment of the present invention.
本発明に於いては第1図に示す様に、燃焼炉1は円筒縦
型で炉上部に下向きに放射性有機廃液噴霧バーナ2をと
りつけ、炉側部に炉の円筒断面に対し接線方向に助燃バ
ーナ3をとりつけてある。In the present invention, as shown in Fig. 1, the combustion furnace 1 is a vertical cylindrical type, and a radioactive organic waste liquid spray burner 2 is attached downward to the upper part of the furnace, and an auxiliary combustion is installed on the side of the furnace in a tangential direction to the cylindrical cross section of the furnace. Burner 3 is installed.
炉の形状は角型でもよいが円筒縦型が経験では燃焼効率
がよい。The shape of the furnace may be rectangular, but in our experience, a cylindrical vertical furnace has better combustion efficiency.
炉の下部は逆円錐型とし燃焼残査物やすすなどを取り出
すのに便利のよい開閉自在な残灰排出口4を設けてある
。The lower part of the furnace has an inverted conical shape and is provided with a residual ash discharge port 4 that can be opened and closed for convenient removal of combustion residues, soot, etc.
上記助燃バーナをやめ電気加熱でもよい。The auxiliary combustion burner mentioned above may be omitted and electric heating may be used instead.
(第2図参照)集塵機5は炉1からでたすすを含んだ高
温の排ガス(700〜800℃)を渥過するために砂の
フィルター7を設けてある。(See FIG. 2) The dust collector 5 is provided with a sand filter 7 for filtering out the high temperature exhaust gas (700 to 800 DEG C.) containing soot discharged from the furnace 1.
砂の粒度は1mmφ前後で、できるだけ通風抵抗を少く
するために通過面積を広くとり、表面に附着したすすは
集塵機の下部から燃焼炉と同じ形状の残灰排出口6から
取出す。The grain size of the sand is around 1 mmφ, and the passage area is wide to reduce ventilation resistance as much as possible, and the soot adhering to the surface is taken out from the bottom of the dust collector through the residual ash discharge port 6, which has the same shape as the combustion furnace.
砂の中に吸着したすすは砂と共に排出しすすのみ篩分け
して再利用してもよいが、砂は安価であるので砂ごと廃
棄してもよい。The soot adsorbed in the sand may be discharged together with the sand and only the soot may be sieved and reused, but since sand is inexpensive, it may be disposed of together with the sand.
集塵機を出た排ガスは冷却器8に入る。The exhaust gas leaving the dust collector enters the cooler 8.
冷却器8の中には冷水の通過するコイル9が入っており
、冷水は別の冷却装置で冷却してある。The cooler 8 contains a coil 9 through which cold water passes, and the cold water is cooled by a separate cooling device.
排ガス中の水蒸気は冷却コイルで冷却されてドレンとな
って冷却器の下部の開閉自在の取出口10から排出する
。The water vapor in the exhaust gas is cooled by a cooling coil, becomes a drain, and is discharged from an openable/closeable outlet 10 at the bottom of the cooler.
冷却器を出た排ガスは生石灰のフィルター11を通って
誘引ファン12で煙突13から排出する。The exhaust gas leaving the cooler passes through a quicklime filter 11 and is discharged from a chimney 13 by an induction fan 12.
冷却器を出たところに排ガス中の酸素量を測定する酸素
計14を設けてある。An oxygen meter 14 for measuring the amount of oxygen in the exhaust gas is provided at the location where the exhaust gas exits the cooler.
なお上記生石灰のフィルター11に代え固形のCO,C
O2の吸収器であってもよい。In addition, instead of the above-mentioned quicklime filter 11, solid CO, C
It may also be an O2 absorber.
本装置による放射性有機液体廃棄物の処理方法は、先ず
燃焼炉に於いて助燃バーナを燃焼して炉の温度を約70
0℃位に保つ。The method for treating radioactive organic liquid waste using this device is to first burn an auxiliary burner in a combustion furnace to bring the temperature of the furnace to about 70℃.
Keep at around 0℃.
そのときの燃焼用空気は出来るだけ理論燃焼空気量に近
づけ僅かに過剰空気とする。The combustion air at this time should be as close to the theoretical combustion air amount as possible, with a slight excess of air.
その過剰空気量は系内の酸素計によって測定することが
出来る。The amount of excess air can be measured by an oxygen meter within the system.
この過剰空気量は放射性有機廃液中の水素分を燃暁する
に要する酸素分に見合う空気量である。This amount of excess air is an amount of air corresponding to the amount of oxygen required to combust the hydrogen content in the radioactive organic waste liquid.
炉温か約700℃位に一定になると酸素計を見なから助
燃バーナの空気量を調節する。When the furnace temperature reaches a constant level of about 700°C, adjust the amount of air in the auxiliary burner without checking the oxygen meter.
次に廃液バーナから放射性有機廃液を炉内に噴霧してす
すを発生させる。Next, radioactive organic waste liquid is sprayed into the furnace from a waste liquid burner to generate soot.
この廃液バーナの噴霧には空気を使用しない。Air is not used for atomization of this waste burner.
もし廃液バーナが空気噴霧式のバーナのときは排ガスを
誘引して(O2分を含まないので)使用すればよい。If the waste liquid burner is an air spray type burner, it can be used by drawing exhaust gas (because it does not contain O2).
炉は電気炉にして昇温を電気で行ってもよい。The furnace may be an electric furnace and the temperature may be raised electrically.
そのときは放射性有機廃液中の水素分を燃焼するに要す
る酸素分に見合う空気量は別に廃液と一諸に投入する。At that time, an amount of air corresponding to the oxygen content required to burn the hydrogen content in the radioactive organic waste liquid is separately introduced together with the waste liquid.
今放射性有機廃液をトルエンのみとするとその化学変化
は次の反応を示す。Now, if we use only toluene as the radioactive organic waste liquid, its chemical change will show the following reaction.
C7H8+2O2→7C+4H2O
これから発生するC即ちすすの質量はもとのトルエンの
質量以下である。C7H8+2O2→7C+4H2O The mass of C, ie, soot, generated from this is less than the mass of the original toluene.
このときCの同位元素はすすとなり又Hの同位元素は水
蒸気中に含まれる。At this time, the C isotope becomes soot, and the H isotope is contained in water vapor.
又無機物はすすと共に除去できる。Also, inorganic substances can be removed together with soot.
炉で発生したすすと無機物を含んだ灰分は炉の下部の残
灰排出口から排出する。Ash containing soot and inorganic substances generated in the furnace is discharged from the residual ash outlet at the bottom of the furnace.
残りのすすと水蒸気を含んだ排ガスは集塵機に入り、こ
ゝですすは砂のフィルターを通過する間に殆んど除去さ
れ、一部砂中に捕捉される。The remaining soot and water vapor laden exhaust gas enters the precipitator where most of the soot is removed while passing through a sand filter and some of it is trapped in the sand.
砂フィルターは高温の排ガスに適しておりすすの集塵に
よい。Sand filters are suitable for high temperature exhaust gases and are good for collecting soot.
水蒸気は高温であるのでそのまゝ砂のフィルターを通過
し冷却器に入る。Since the water vapor is at a high temperature, it passes through the sand filter and enters the cooler.
冷却器の冷却コイルの間を通過する間に排ガス中の水蒸
気は露点以下に冷却され、ドレンとなって冷却器の下部
に落下しドレン取出口から排出される。While passing between the cooling coils of the cooler, the water vapor in the exhaust gas is cooled to below the dew point, becomes drain, falls to the bottom of the cooler, and is discharged from the drain outlet.
冷却器を通過した排ガスはずす及び水蒸気が完全に捕集
されれば排ガス中には燃焼用空気の中の余剰窒素ガスだ
けである。If the exhaust gas that has passed through the cooler is removed and the water vapor is completely collected, the exhaust gas contains only excess nitrogen gas in the combustion air.
しかし例えばトルエンが完全にCとH2Oに分解しなか
ったときはCO2が発生するのでもしCO2が発生した
ときはそのCO2を吸収するもの例えば生石灰のフィル
ターを通過させるときこゝで次の化学反応を起し僅かの
CO2を捕集することができる。However, for example, if toluene is not completely decomposed into C and H2O, CO2 will be generated.If CO2 is generated, when it is passed through a filter made of quicklime, for example, the next chemical reaction will occur. can capture a small amount of CO2.
CaO+C02→CaCOs
生石灰のフィルターを通った排ガスは放射性物質を含む
ことなく誘引ファンで吸引されて煙突から排出される。CaO+C02→CaCOs The exhaust gas that has passed through the quicklime filter is sucked in by an induction fan and discharged from the chimney without containing radioactive substances.
燃焼炉及び集塵機の下部から排出されたすす及び残灰物
は集めて固化すれば放射性固体廃棄物として安全な処理
をほどこすことができる。The soot and residual ash discharged from the lower part of the combustion furnace and dust collector can be collected and solidified to be safely disposed of as radioactive solid waste.
又すすを含んだ砂及びCO2ガスを吸収した生石灰はそ
の吸収限度に達したとき除去して安価な材料であるので
消耗品と考えて放射性固体廃棄物として処理すればよい
。Also, sand containing soot and quicklime that has absorbed CO2 gas can be removed when their absorption limit is reached, and since they are inexpensive materials, they can be considered consumables and disposed of as radioactive solid waste.
回収した水分中には3Hを含んでいるので、これは放射
能濃度を測定して法令に定められた方法で処理すればよ
い。Since the recovered water contains 3H, it is only necessary to measure the radioactivity concentration and dispose of it according to the method prescribed by law.
本発明は以上の通りであって、前記した従来法■,■の
欠点を除去した即ち処理した廃棄物の量が少く、又処理
費用も安価に出来る。The present invention is as described above, and eliminates the disadvantages of the conventional methods (1) and (3) described above, that is, the amount of waste to be treated can be reduced and the treatment cost can be reduced.
第1図は本発明の処理方法を実施する装置の説明用正面
図、第2図は第1図の装置に於ける助燃パーナによる燃
焼炉に代わる電気加熱手段による燃焼炉の説明用正面図
を夫々例示している。
1,1′・・・燃焼炉、2,2′・・・廃液噴霧バーナ
、;3・・・助燃バーナ、3′・・・電気加熱手段、4
,4′・・・残灰排出口、5・・・集塵機、6・・・残
灰排出口、7・・・砂のフィルター、8・・・冷却器、
9・・・コイル、10・・・取出口、11・・・生石灰
のフィルター、12・・・誘引ファン、13・・・煙突
、14・・・酸素計。FIG. 1 is an explanatory front view of an apparatus for carrying out the treatment method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory front view of a combustion furnace using electric heating means in place of the combustion furnace using an auxiliary burner in the apparatus of FIG. 1. Examples are given for each. 1, 1'... Combustion furnace, 2, 2'... Waste liquid spray burner; 3... Assist burner, 3'... Electric heating means, 4
, 4'... Ash discharge port, 5... Dust collector, 6... Residual ash discharge port, 7... Sand filter, 8... Cooler,
9... Coil, 10... Outlet, 11... Quicklime filter, 12... Induction fan, 13... Chimney, 14... Oxygen meter.
Claims (1)
燃焼についてはその有機廃液中の水素分を燃焼するに要
する酸素分に見合う空気量を供給することにより、燃焼
して、すす(Qと水(H2O)に分解して放射性物質を
そのすすと水に含有せしめて処理することを特徴とする
放射性有機液体廃棄物の処理方法。1 Organic waste liquid containing 3H and 14C radioactive substances is combusted to produce soot (Q and 1. A method for treating radioactive organic liquid waste, which comprises decomposing radioactive materials into soot (H2O) and incorporating radioactive materials into the soot and water.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP53056320A JPS589400B2 (en) | 1978-05-11 | 1978-05-11 | How to dispose of radioactive organic liquid waste |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP53056320A JPS589400B2 (en) | 1978-05-11 | 1978-05-11 | How to dispose of radioactive organic liquid waste |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS54147400A JPS54147400A (en) | 1979-11-17 |
JPS589400B2 true JPS589400B2 (en) | 1983-02-21 |
Family
ID=13023863
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP53056320A Expired JPS589400B2 (en) | 1978-05-11 | 1978-05-11 | How to dispose of radioactive organic liquid waste |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS589400B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6160496A (en) * | 1984-08-27 | 1986-03-28 | 株式会社 富永製作所 | Lubricating device |
JPH0256596B2 (en) * | 1983-07-02 | 1990-11-30 | Balcke Duerr Ag |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS62106199U (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1987-07-07 | ||
JP2019056520A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-04-11 | 株式会社オメガ | Liquid treatment device and method |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5258275A (en) * | 1975-11-03 | 1977-05-13 | Kraftanlagen Ag | Apparatus for burning up solid or liquid waste |
JPS5348200A (en) * | 1976-09-14 | 1978-05-01 | Nukem Gmbh | Method of processing radioactive organic waste |
-
1978
- 1978-05-11 JP JP53056320A patent/JPS589400B2/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5258275A (en) * | 1975-11-03 | 1977-05-13 | Kraftanlagen Ag | Apparatus for burning up solid or liquid waste |
JPS5348200A (en) * | 1976-09-14 | 1978-05-01 | Nukem Gmbh | Method of processing radioactive organic waste |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0256596B2 (en) * | 1983-07-02 | 1990-11-30 | Balcke Duerr Ag | |
JPS6160496A (en) * | 1984-08-27 | 1986-03-28 | 株式会社 富永製作所 | Lubricating device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS54147400A (en) | 1979-11-17 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5662050A (en) | Process for chemical/thermal treatment without toxic emissions | |
US5335609A (en) | Thermal and chemical remediation of mixed waste | |
JPS59132400A (en) | Waste heat exchanging method | |
JPS59195025A (en) | Method of burning bitumen | |
KR20010026585A (en) | System and Treatment Method for Low-and Intermediate-Level Radioactive Waste | |
JPH10503582A (en) | Removal of hot acid gases and particulate matter in waste incineration processes | |
JPS589400B2 (en) | How to dispose of radioactive organic liquid waste | |
KR100498881B1 (en) | treatment apparatus for destroying by burning up and melting radioactive waste and method the same | |
Hațegan et al. | MONITORING OF HEAVY METALS DISTRIBUTION IN WASTE INCINERATION ASH-CASE STUDY. | |
Filius et al. | Emissions characterization and off-gas system development for processing simulated mixed waste in a plasma centrifugal furnace | |
JPS6331587A (en) | Cleaning method for waste | |
KR960008861A (en) | Incinerator, vitrification device and exhaust gas purification device and vitrification method for radioactive nuclear waste | |
JP3202453B2 (en) | Exhaust gas treatment method for melting furnace | |
JPS61102599A (en) | Ashing furnace | |
Ren et al. | Melt refining of uranium contaminated copper, nickel, and mild steel | |
RU2130209C1 (en) | Radioactive fossil-material waste recovery process | |
ES2842000T3 (en) | Installation and procedure for the treatment of a solidified | |
KR200294861Y1 (en) | treatment apparatus for destroying by burning up and melting radioactive waste | |
Dennis et al. | Radioactive Waste Incinerator Design and Operational Experience-A Review | |
JPH10339423A (en) | Method and apparatus for melt-treating material to be melted | |
RU2073926C1 (en) | Gas producer for radioactive row waste lumber processing | |
Simon | Disposal of Radioactive Liquid and Solid Wastes | |
Kiang | Incineration of Hazardous Organic Wastes | |
JPH10103630A (en) | Thermally decomposing melting system for waste | |
JPH1144414A (en) | Thermally decomposing melt combustion equipment for waste |