JPS5884661A - Method and device for pressure casting - Google Patents
Method and device for pressure castingInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5884661A JPS5884661A JP18213681A JP18213681A JPS5884661A JP S5884661 A JPS5884661 A JP S5884661A JP 18213681 A JP18213681 A JP 18213681A JP 18213681 A JP18213681 A JP 18213681A JP S5884661 A JPS5884661 A JP S5884661A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- casting
- pressure
- molten metal
- mold
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、加圧鋳造法及びその鋳造法の実施に使用する
鋳造装置に係り、特に鋳造キャビティを構成する壁面の
少なくとも一部が防砂により構成された鋳型を用いて加
圧鋳造を行う鋳造法及び装置に係る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a pressure casting method and a casting apparatus used for carrying out the casting method, and in particular to a pressure casting method using a mold in which at least a part of the wall surface constituting a casting cavity is made of anti-sand. Pertains to casting methods and equipment for pressure casting.
砂中子を使用した金型鋳造法や砂型鋳造法の如く、鋳造
キャビティを郭定する壁面の少なくとも一部が防砂によ
り構成された鋳型を用いて行われる鋳造法に於ては、鋳
造キャビティを郭定づる壁面の全てが金属により構成さ
れた鋳型を用いて行われる鋳造法に比して金属の凝固時
間が長く、ガスの発生が多くなり、ピンホール等のガス
欠陥の発生を避けることが難しく、信頼性のある良質な
耐圧製品を鋳造することが難しい。In casting methods that use a mold in which at least a portion of the wall defining the casting cavity is made of sandproof material, such as a mold casting method using a sand core or a sand mold casting method, the casting cavity is Compared to the casting method, which uses a mold in which all of the defined walls are made of metal, the solidification time of the metal is longer, more gas is generated, and it is difficult to avoid gas defects such as pinholes. It is difficult to cast reliable, high-quality pressure-resistant products.
上述の如き砂中子又は砂型を用いた鋳造法に於ける不具
合に鑑み、鋳型を気密室に納め、気密室の気圧を大気圧
以上に上昇せしめて鋳型と共に鋳造キャビティ内の溶渇
を加圧し、加圧雰囲気下で溶湯を凝固させる加圧鋳造法
が提案されており、この鋳造法にあっては、金属の凝固
時間が短縮し、砂中子又は砂型が用いられてもガス欠陥
の発生を抑制でき、また強度が低い砂中子、砂型が用い
られてもこれらが破損しないという利点を有している。In view of the above-mentioned problems with casting methods using sand cores or sand molds, the mold is placed in an airtight chamber, and the pressure in the airtight chamber is raised to above atmospheric pressure to pressurize the melt in the casting cavity together with the mold. , a pressure casting method has been proposed in which the molten metal is solidified in a pressurized atmosphere, and this casting method shortens the solidification time of the metal and eliminates the occurrence of gas defects even if a sand core or sand mold is used. It has the advantage that sand cores and sand molds with low strength will not be damaged even if they are used.
しかし、従来、この加圧鋳造法は注湯完了後に気密室に
気圧を上昇せしめて加圧雰囲気を作るため、加圧途中に
於て鋳造キャビティ内の溶湯に比して砂中子、砂型内部
の圧力上昇が遅れ、このため鋳造キャビティの溶湯と砂
中子、砂型内部との間に差圧が生じ、溶湯の差込みや凝
固表面からの溶湯のしみ出しが生じ、良質の鋳肌を有す
る鋳物を得ることが難しい。このため従来は通気性の低
い砂中子や砂型或は塗り型を使用することにより鋳肌荒
れの防止を行っているが、これらの鋳型が用いられても
さほど良好な鋳肌を有する鋳物を得ることができず、ま
た鋳造キャビティ内の溶湯全体を均一に加圧する効果が
減少し、加圧鋳造法本来の効果が十分に発揮されなくな
る虞れがある。However, conventionally, this pressure casting method increases the air pressure in the airtight chamber after pouring is completed to create a pressurized atmosphere. As a result, a pressure difference occurs between the molten metal in the casting cavity, the sand core, and the inside of the sand mold, causing molten metal to be inserted or ooze out from the solidified surface, resulting in castings with good quality casting surfaces. difficult to obtain. For this reason, conventionally, rough casting surfaces have been prevented by using sand cores, sand molds, or painted molds with low air permeability, but even when these molds are used, it is not possible to obtain castings with very good casting surfaces. Moreover, the effect of uniformly pressurizing the entire molten metal within the casting cavity is reduced, and there is a risk that the original effects of the pressure casting method may not be fully exhibited.
本発明は従来の加圧鋳造法に於ける上述の如き不具合に
鑑み、加圧鋳造法本来の効果を損ねることなく良好な鋳
肌を有する良質な鋳物を鋳造することができる改良され
た加圧鋳造法及びその鋳造法の実施に使用Ｊ−る鋳造装
置を提供することを目的としている。In view of the above-mentioned problems in the conventional pressure casting method, the present invention proposes an improved pressure casting method that can cast high-quality castings with good casting surfaces without impairing the original effects of the pressure casting method. The object of the present invention is to provide a casting method and a casting apparatus used for carrying out the casting method.
かかる目的は、本発明によれば、鋳造キャビティを郭定
する壁面の少なくとも一部が防砂により構成された鋳型
を用いて加圧鋳造を行う鋳造法に於て、前記鋳型を気密
室に納め、前記気密室の気圧を大気圧以上に上昇せしめ
、この後に前記鋳造キャビティへ注湯を行うことを特徴
とする鋳造法、及び該鋳造法を実施するための装置にし
て、鋳型を収容づ゛る開閉可能な気密容器と、前記気密
容器内へ圧縮気体を供給する圧縮気体供給手段と、前記
気密容器内に収納された鋳型に対し注湯を行う注湯手段
を有していることを特徴とする加圧鋳造装置によって達
成される。According to the present invention, in a casting method in which pressure casting is performed using a mold in which at least a part of the wall surface defining a casting cavity is made of anti-sand, the mold is housed in an airtight chamber, A casting method characterized in that the pressure in the airtight chamber is raised to above atmospheric pressure, and then molten metal is poured into the casting cavity, and an apparatus for carrying out the casting method that accommodates a mold. It is characterized by having an airtight container that can be opened and closed, a compressed gas supply means for supplying compressed gas into the airtight container, and a pouring means for pouring molten metal into a mold housed in the airtight container. This is accomplished using a pressure casting device.
本発明によれば、鋳砂部の内部の圧力が気密室の圧力に
等しくなった後に溶湯が行われるから、鋳造キャビティ
内に注入された溶湯と鋳砂部との間に差圧が発生づるこ
とがなく、これにより溶湯の差込み、凝固表面からの溶
湯のしみ出し等の発生が回避され、良質な鋳肌で、しか
もガス欠陥のない高品質の鋳造品を得ることができる。According to the present invention, melting is performed after the pressure inside the casting sand section becomes equal to the pressure in the airtight chamber, so a pressure difference is generated between the molten metal injected into the casting cavity and the casting sand section. This avoids the occurrence of molten metal insertion, molten metal seepage from the solidified surface, etc., and it is possible to obtain a high quality cast product with a good casting surface and no gas defects.
以下に添刊の図を参照して本発明を実施例について詳細
に説明する。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
添付の図は本発明による加圧鋳造装置の一つの実施例を
示す縦断面図である。図に於て、１は台座を示しており
、該台座上には固定支持体２と可動支持体３とが互に対
向して設けられている。固定支持体２は台座１に固定さ
れ、可動支持体３は台座１上に設けられた案内レール１
ａに案内されて図にて左右方向に移動可能に設けられて
いる。The attached figure is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of the pressure casting apparatus according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 indicates a pedestal, on which a fixed support 2 and a movable support 3 are provided facing each other. The fixed support 2 is fixed to the pedestal 1, and the movable support 3 is attached to the guide rail 1 provided on the pedestal 1.
It is provided so as to be movable in the left and right directions as shown in the figure, guided by a.
固定支持体２には板部材５が、また可動支持体３にはそ
の固定支持体２の側が開口した箱部材６が各々取付けら
れており、箱部材６の開口縁部には金属ベローズ７及び
気密シール部材８が取付けられている。箱部材６はその
気密シール部材８にて板部材５に当接係合することによ
り板部材５と共働してその内側に気密室９を構成するよ
うになっている。A plate member 5 is attached to the fixed support 2, and a box member 6 which is open on the side of the fixed support 2 is attached to the movable support 3, and a metal bellows 7 and a metal bellows 7 are attached to the opening edge of the box member 6. An airtight seal member 8 is attached. The box member 6 abuts and engages the plate member 5 with its airtight seal member 8, thereby cooperating with the plate member 5 to form an airtight chamber 9 inside thereof.
可動支持体３はシリンダ装置４によって図示されている
如き前進位置と該前進位置より図にて左方へ移動した後
退位置との間で往復駆動されるようになっている。The movable support 3 is reciprocated by a cylinder device 4 between a forward position as shown in the figure and a backward position moved leftward in the figure from the forward position.
５−
板部材５の気＠室９の側には固定金型１ｏが、また箱部
材６の気密室９の側には可動金型１１が各々固定されて
いる。固定金型１０と可動金型１１とは図示されている
如く気密シール部材８が板部材５に係合して箱部材６が
板部１５と共に気密室９を構成しているとき型締めされ
、砂中子１２と共に鋳造キャビティ１３を郭定し、また
その上部に湯口１４を構成するようになっている。5- A fixed mold 1o is fixed to the air chamber 9 side of the plate member 5, and a movable mold 11 is fixed to the airtight chamber 9 side of the box member 6. The fixed mold 10 and the movable mold 11 are clamped when the airtight seal member 8 engages with the plate member 5 and the box member 6 forms the airtight chamber 9 together with the plate portion 15, as shown in the figure. A casting cavity 13 is defined together with the sand core 12, and a sprue 14 is formed in the upper part of the casting cavity 13.
気密室９内の上部には溶湯取鍋１５が設けられている。A molten metal ladle 15 is provided in the upper part of the airtight chamber 9.
この溶湯取鍋１５は軸１６によって板部材５に回転自在
に支持され、また軸１６はアーム１７によってシリンダ
装置１８に接続され、該シリンダ装置によって回転駆動
されるようになっている。また板部材５には圧縮気体出
入口１９が設けられており、この出入口１９は導管２０
．圧縮気体供給弁２１、導管２２を経て圧縮機の如き圧
縮気体供給装置２３に接続され、また導管２０゜導管２
７を経て排気弁２８に接続されている。また導管２０に
は圧力計２９が設けられている。この鋳造法に用いる圧
縮気体は鉄系金属の鋳造の場６一
合には大気でよく、アルミニウムの如く活性金属の鋳造
の場合には介在物の減少効果を得るため不活性ガスであ
ることが好ましい。This molten metal ladle 15 is rotatably supported by the plate member 5 by a shaft 16, and the shaft 16 is connected to a cylinder device 18 by an arm 17, and is rotationally driven by the cylinder device. Further, the plate member 5 is provided with a compressed gas inlet/outlet 19, and this inlet/outlet 19 is connected to the conduit 20.
．． A compressed gas supply valve 21 is connected to a compressed gas supply device 23 such as a compressor via a conduit 22, and a conduit 20 and a conduit 2
7 and is connected to an exhaust valve 28. The conduit 20 is also provided with a pressure gauge 29 . The compressed gas used in this casting method may be air in the case of casting ferrous metals6, but in the case of casting active metals such as aluminum, it may be an inert gas to obtain the effect of reducing inclusions. preferable.
また可動金型１０には押出しビン２４が設けられており
、この押出しビン２４は押出しプレート２５に接続され
、また押出しプレート２５はシリンダ装置２６に接続さ
れ、該シリンダ装置によって駆動されるようになってい
る。The movable mold 10 is also provided with an extrusion bottle 24, which is connected to an extrusion plate 25, and the extrusion plate 25 is connected to a cylinder device 26 and driven by the cylinder device. ing.
次に上述の如き構成からなる加圧鋳造装置を用いて本発
明による鋳造法が実施される要領について説明する。Next, a description will be given of how the casting method according to the present invention is carried out using the pressure casting apparatus configured as described above.
先ずシリンダ装置４によって可動支持体３と共に箱部材
６及び可動金型１１を図にて左方へ後退させ、気密室９
を開き、型開きした状態にて砂中子１２を固定金型１ｏ
に取付け、また溶湯取！１４１５に一回の鋳造に必要な
鰻の溶湯を注入する。上述の如き準備作業が終了した後
、シリンダ装置４によって可動支持体３と共に箱部材６
及び可動金型１１を図にて右方へ前進させ、気密シール
部材８を板部材５に押付けて気密室９を閉じる。この７
一
時には可動金型１１は固定金型１０に係合し、所謂型締
めが完了する。次に圧縮気体供給弁２１を開いて圧縮気
体供給弁［２３より圧縮気体を気密室９内に供給し、気
密室９の気圧を大気圧以上の所定値、例えば５〜１０気
圧程度にまで上昇させる。そして砂中子１２の内部の圧
力が気密室９内の圧力に等しくなるに必要な時間が経過
した後に、この圧力状態を保ちつつシリンダ装置１８に
よって軸１６を回転させ、溶湯取鍋１５を傾動させ、該
取鍋１５に予め注入されていた溶湯を湯口１４より鋳造
キャビティ１３内に落下注湯する。これにより鋳造キャ
ビティ１３に溶湯が供給される。First, the box member 6 and the movable mold 11 are moved back to the left in the figure along with the movable support 3 by the cylinder device 4, and the airtight chamber 9 is closed.
Open the mold 1o and fix the sand core 12 in the opened state.
Attach it to the molten metal and remove it again! At 1415, pour the molten eel necessary for one casting. After the preparation work as described above is completed, the box member 6 is moved together with the movable support 3 by the cylinder device 4.
Then, the movable mold 11 is moved forward to the right in the figure, and the airtight seal member 8 is pressed against the plate member 5 to close the airtight chamber 9. This 7
At one time, the movable mold 11 engages with the fixed mold 10, and so-called mold clamping is completed. Next, the compressed gas supply valve 21 is opened to supply compressed gas into the airtight chamber 9 from the compressed gas supply valve [23, and the pressure in the airtight chamber 9 is raised to a predetermined value above atmospheric pressure, for example, about 5 to 10 atm. let After a period of time necessary for the pressure inside the sand core 12 to become equal to the pressure inside the airtight chamber 9, the shaft 16 is rotated by the cylinder device 18 while maintaining this pressure state, and the molten metal ladle 15 is tilted. Then, the molten metal previously poured into the ladle 15 is poured into the casting cavity 13 from the sprue 14. As a result, molten metal is supplied to the casting cavity 13.
この溶湯が完全に凝固するまで気密室９内の加圧雰囲気
を保ち、加圧雰囲気下で溶湯の凝固を行わせしめる。尚
、砂中子１２の内部の圧力が気密室９内の圧力に等しく
なるに必要な時間は砂中子の肉厚等にもよるが、多くの
場合、圧力計２９の圧力指示が所要圧力を指示してから
１０数秒程度である。The pressurized atmosphere in the airtight chamber 9 is maintained until the molten metal is completely solidified, and the molten metal is allowed to solidify under the pressurized atmosphere. The time required for the pressure inside the sand core 12 to become equal to the pressure inside the airtight chamber 9 depends on the thickness of the sand core, etc., but in many cases, the pressure indication on the pressure gauge 29 is the required pressure. It takes about 10 seconds after the instruction is given.
鋳造キャビティ１３内の溶湯が完全に凝固した８−
後に圧縮気体供給弁２１を閉じて排気弁２９を開き、気
密室９内の排気を行って該気密室内を大気圧まで減少さ
せ、この後にシリンダ装置４によって可動支持体３と共
に箱部材６及び可動金型１１を図にて左方へ後退させ、
気密室９を開くと共に型開きを行う。またシリンダ装置
２６によって押出しビン２４を図にて左方へ前進させ、
鋳造キャビティに於て完成した鋳造品の取出しを行う。After the molten metal in the casting cavity 13 has completely solidified 8-, the compressed gas supply valve 21 is closed and the exhaust valve 29 is opened to evacuate the airtight chamber 9 to reduce the pressure inside the airtight chamber to atmospheric pressure. The box member 6 and the movable mold 11 are moved back to the left in the figure along with the movable support 3 by the device 4,
The airtight chamber 9 is opened and the mold is opened. Also, the cylinder device 26 advances the pusher bottle 24 to the left in the figure.
The completed casting is removed from the casting cavity.
上述の如く、本発明によれば、砂中子１２の内部の圧力
が気密室９内の圧力に等しくなった後に注湯が行われる
から、鋳造キャビティ内に注入された溶湯と砂中子１２
との間に差圧が発生することがなく、溶湯の差込み、凝
固表面からの溶湯のしみ出し等による鋳肌不良が生じる
ことがなく、良質な鋳肌で且ガス欠陥のない高品質の鋳
造品を得ることができることが理解されよう。As described above, according to the present invention, since the pouring is performed after the pressure inside the sand core 12 becomes equal to the pressure inside the airtight chamber 9, the molten metal poured into the casting cavity and the sand core 12 are poured.
There is no differential pressure between the molten metal and the solidified surface, and there are no casting surface defects due to molten metal insertion or molten metal seeping from the solidified surface, resulting in high quality casting with a good casting surface and no gas defects. It will be understood that you can obtain a product.
尚、上述した実施例に於ては、鋳型とは別に設けられた
溶湯取鋼を傾動させることにより注湯が行われるが、こ
の注湯は、鋳型の一部に溶湯を−Ｂ貯容する溶湯取鍋相
当の湯溜り部を設け、気密９−
室内にて鋳型全体を傾動させることにより、或は気密室
を構成する容器と共に鋳型を傾動させることにより行わ
れてもよく、この場合は鋳込み途上に於けるガスの巻込
みが少なくなる。In the above-mentioned embodiment, the molten metal is poured by tilting the molten metal tapping steel provided separately from the mold, but this pouring is carried out by tilting the molten metal in a part of the mold. This may be done by providing a pool equivalent to a ladle and tilting the entire mold in an airtight chamber, or by tilting the mold together with a container that constitutes an airtight chamber. Gas entrainment in the process is reduced.
また本発明による鋳造法は金型と砂中子とにより構成さ
れた鋳型を使用する鋳造に限定されるものではなく、砂
型を使用する＃ａ造にも実施できることは勿論のことで
ある。Further, the casting method according to the present invention is not limited to casting using a mold composed of a metal mold and a sand core, but can of course be applied to #a construction using a sand mold.
添付の図は本発明による加圧鋳造装置の一つの実施例を
示す縦断面図である。
１・・・台座、２・・・固定支持体、３・・・可動支持
体。
４・・・シリンダ装置、５・・・板部拐、６・・・箱部
材、７・・・金属ベローズ、８・・・気密シール部材、
９・・・気密室、１０・・・固定金型、１１・・・可動
金型、１２・・・砂中子、１３・・・鋳造キャビティ、
１４・・・湯口、１５・・・溶湯取鍋、１６・・・軸、
１７・・・アーム、１８・・・シリンダ装置、１９・・
・圧縮気体出入口、２０・・・導管。
２１・・・圧縮気体供給弁、２２・・・導管、２３・・
・圧縮気体供給装置、２４・・・押出しビン、２５・・
・押出し１０−
プレート、２６・・・シリンダ装置、２７・・・導管、
２８・・・排気弁、２９・・・圧力計
特許出願人 トヨタ自動車工業株式会社代
理 人 弁理士 明 石 昌
毅１１−The attached figure is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of the pressure casting apparatus according to the present invention. 1... Pedestal, 2... Fixed support, 3... Movable support. 4... Cylinder device, 5... Plate part, 6... Box member, 7... Metal bellows, 8... Airtight seal member,
9... Airtight chamber, 10... Fixed mold, 11... Movable mold, 12... Sand core, 13... Casting cavity,
14... Sprue, 15... Molten metal ladle, 16... Shaft,
17... Arm, 18... Cylinder device, 19...
- Compressed gas inlet/outlet, 20... conduit. 21... Compressed gas supply valve, 22... Conduit, 23...
・Compressed gas supply device, 24... Extrusion bottle, 25...
- Extrusion 10- plate, 26... cylinder device, 27... conduit,
28...Exhaust valve, 29...Pressure gauge Patent applicant: Toyota Motor Corporation representative
Patent Attorney Takeshi Akishi 11-
Claims (2)
が防砂により構成された鋳型を用いて加圧鋳造を行う鋳
造法に於て、前記鋳型を気密室に納め、前記気密室の気
圧を大気圧以上に上昇せしめ、この後に前記鋳造キャビ
ティへ注湯を行うことを特徴とする鋳造法。(1) In a casting method in which pressure casting is performed using a mold in which at least a portion of the wall surface defining the casting cavity is made of sand-proof material, the mold is placed in an airtight chamber, and the air pressure in the airtight chamber is increased. A casting method characterized by raising the pressure above atmospheric pressure and then pouring the metal into the casting cavity.
容器内へ圧縮気体を供給する圧縮気体供給手段と、前記
気密容器内に収納された鋳型に対し注渇を行う注湯手段
を有していることを特徴とする加圧鋳造装置。(2) It has an airtight container that can be opened and closed to accommodate a mold, a compressed gas supply means for supplying compressed gas into the airtight container, and a pouring means for pouring molten metal into the mold housed in the airtight container. Pressure casting equipment characterized by:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18213681A JPS5884661A (en) | 1981-11-12 | 1981-11-12 | Method and device for pressure casting |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18213681A JPS5884661A (en) | 1981-11-12 | 1981-11-12 | Method and device for pressure casting |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5884661A true JPS5884661A (en) | 1983-05-20 |
Family
ID=16112963
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18213681A Pending JPS5884661A (en) | 1981-11-12 | 1981-11-12 | Method and device for pressure casting |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5884661A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61163979U (en) * | 1985-03-29 | 1986-10-11 | ||
| JPS63317246A (en) * | 1987-06-11 | 1988-12-26 | セジユデユール・ソシエテ・ドウ・トランスフオルマシオン・ドウ・・ラリユミニウム・ペシネ | Sand molding method and device for composite product consisting of light alloy matrix and fibrous insert |
| US5787960A (en) * | 1994-02-10 | 1998-08-04 | Electrovac, Fabrikation Elektrotechnischer Spezialartikel Gesellschaft M.B.H. | Method of making metal matrix composites |
-
1981
- 1981-11-12 JP JP18213681A patent/JPS5884661A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61163979U (en) * | 1985-03-29 | 1986-10-11 | ||
| JPS63317246A (en) * | 1987-06-11 | 1988-12-26 | セジユデユール・ソシエテ・ドウ・トランスフオルマシオン・ドウ・・ラリユミニウム・ペシネ | Sand molding method and device for composite product consisting of light alloy matrix and fibrous insert |
| US5787960A (en) * | 1994-02-10 | 1998-08-04 | Electrovac, Fabrikation Elektrotechnischer Spezialartikel Gesellschaft M.B.H. | Method of making metal matrix composites |
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