JPS5872656A - Piston - Google Patents

Piston

Info

Publication number
JPS5872656A
JPS5872656A JP16945081A JP16945081A JPS5872656A JP S5872656 A JPS5872656 A JP S5872656A JP 16945081 A JP16945081 A JP 16945081A JP 16945081 A JP16945081 A JP 16945081A JP S5872656 A JPS5872656 A JP S5872656A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
piston
heat
temperature
amount
piston crown
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP16945081A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Makoto Tomioka
富岡 信
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority to JP16945081A priority Critical patent/JPS5872656A/en
Publication of JPS5872656A publication Critical patent/JPS5872656A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02FCYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00Pistons 
    • F02F3/16Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/18Pistons  having cooling means the means being a liquid or solid coolant, e.g. sodium, in a closed chamber in piston

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To uniform the metal temperature of a piston crown part by enclosing an operation substance consisting of potassium, sodium, and other liquid in a space at the top of a piston for increasing the amount of heat storable in the top of the piston. CONSTITUTION:A piston crown 1 provided with a pedestal 1b and an operation chamber 3 is fast fixed on a piston 2 by a screw part 1a and a nut 6 via a heat- insulating material 4. In the operation chamber 3, an operation substance of potassium, sodium, and others whose temperature of inner evaporation is lower than the gas temperature in a cylinder and higher than the temperature of suction air and the evaporation temperature of fuel is enclosed. The heat energy of the burned gas of high temperature exploded in the cylinder of an engine evaporates the operation substance and accumulates the amount of heat. This amount of heat is radiated to suction air in the succeeding stroke of suction and compression.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は内燃機関のピストンの性能改善に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to improving the performance of pistons in internal combustion engines.

従来のピストン式内燃機関のピストンは、シリンダライ
ナとの潤滑性保持及びピストン自体の熱損傷を防止する
ために、ピストン部の熱放散を良くしておく必要があっ
たOこのために、燃焼ガスからぎストン部に伝えられた
熱エネルギの大部分はシリンダ側壁より冷却水へまたピ
ストン下面部より潤滑油へ排出されねばならず、ピスト
ン式内燃機関の熱効率向上の障害となっていた。
In order to maintain lubricity with the cylinder liner and to prevent heat damage to the piston itself, the piston of conventional piston-type internal combustion engines needed to have good heat dissipation. Most of the heat energy transmitted to the piston section must be discharged from the cylinder side wall to the cooling water and from the piston bottom surface to the lubricating oil, which has been an obstacle to improving the thermal efficiency of piston-type internal combustion engines.

一般にピストン式機関では1機関バランシングの点から
ピストン重量は大きくとれないために。
Generally, in piston type engines, the piston weight cannot be increased due to single engine balancing.

ピストン部の熱容量は小さく、またピストンの構造上熱
流束も小さい。このため、特に直接噴射式ディーゼル機
関では燃料噴射時にピストン壁面に到達した燃料の気化
が充分でなく、燃料の気化混合が不十分なために燃焼効
率の低下や燃焼騒音の発生原因にもなっている。
The heat capacity of the piston portion is small, and the heat flux is also small due to the structure of the piston. For this reason, especially in direct-injection diesel engines, the fuel that reaches the piston wall surface during fuel injection is not sufficiently vaporized, and the vaporization and mixing of the fuel is insufficient, resulting in a decrease in combustion efficiency and the generation of combustion noise. There is.

本発明の目的は上記の点に着目し、熱効率向上及び燃焼
改善のできるピストンを提供することであり、その特徴
とするところは、ピストン頂部に形成された空間内にカ
リウム、ナトリウム等の液体からなる作動物質を封入し
たことである。
The purpose of the present invention is to focus on the above points and provide a piston that can improve thermal efficiency and combustion. This is because a working substance is encapsulated.

この場合は2作動物質の気化熱と凝縮熱を利用して、ピ
ストン頂部に蓄えられる熱量の増大と共にピストンクラ
ウン部の金属温度の均一化を促進しながら排出熱エネル
ギを回収することができる。
In this case, the heat of vaporization and heat of condensation of the two working substances can be used to increase the amount of heat stored at the top of the piston and to promote uniformity of the metal temperature at the piston crown while recovering the exhaust thermal energy.

以下図面を参照して本発明による実施例につき説明する
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

第1図は本発明による1実施例のピストンを示す断面図
である。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a piston according to an embodiment of the present invention.

図において、ピストンクラウン1はねじ部1aを介して
回シ止めワッシャ5とナツト6を用いてピストン2に固
定されている。ピストンクラウンに設けられた空間3に
は適当な量の作動物質が封入されておシ、またRデスタ
ル1bはピストンクラウン1部の補強及び伝熱面積拡大
のために必要に応じ設けられている。
In the figure, a piston crown 1 is fixed to a piston 2 via a threaded portion 1a using a non-rotating washer 5 and a nut 6. An appropriate amount of working substance is sealed in the space 3 provided in the piston crown, and the R destal 1b is provided as necessary to reinforce the piston crown 1 and expand the heat transfer area.

ピストンクラウンの空間3に封入された作動物質は、ピ
ストンクラウンよ、′部が加熱された時に気化熱として
熱エネルギを吸収し、またシリンダ内部が低温となった
時に凝縮熱として熱エネルギを放出するものである。従
って1作動物質としては上記空間3内で気化する温度が
シリンダ内のガス温度よシも低く、かつ吸入空気温度あ
るいは燃料の気化温度よりも高い物質である。例えば、
カリウムやナトリウムのような物質である。
The working substance sealed in the space 3 of the piston crown absorbs heat energy as heat of vaporization when the piston crown is heated, and releases heat energy as heat of condensation when the inside of the cylinder becomes cold. It is something. Therefore, one working substance is a substance whose temperature that vaporizes in the space 3 is lower than the gas temperature in the cylinder and higher than the intake air temperature or the vaporization temperature of the fuel. for example,
Substances such as potassium and sodium.

断熱材4はピストンクラウン1よシピストン2への熱伝
導を極力少なく抑えるためのものである。
The heat insulating material 4 is for suppressing heat conduction from the piston crown 1 to the piston 2 as much as possible.

なお、7はシリンダヘッド、8は燃料噴射ノズル、9は
シリンダライナ、10はブツシュ、11はピストンピン
、12はコネ号ティングロッドを示す。
In addition, 7 is a cylinder head, 8 is a fuel injection nozzle, 9 is a cylinder liner, 10 is a bushing, 11 is a piston pin, and 12 is a connecting rod.

上記構成の場合の作用について述べる。The operation in the case of the above configuration will be described.

機関のシリンダ内で爆発した高温の燃焼ガスの熱エネル
ギの一部はピストンクラウン1に熱伝達される。この熱
エネルギはさらに上記空間3に封入されている物質を気
化させ気化熱として熱量を蓄積する。この際気化熱は一
般に金属の熱容量より大きいので、ピストンクラウン1
部の金属温度は過熱を防止されると同時に、上記空間3
内での熱移動が速かに行われるので、ピストンクラウン
1部の金属温度は均一化が促進される。
A portion of the thermal energy of the high temperature combustion gas exploded within the cylinder of the engine is transferred to the piston crown 1. This thermal energy further vaporizes the substance sealed in the space 3 and accumulates heat as vaporization heat. At this time, the heat of vaporization is generally larger than the heat capacity of the metal, so the piston crown 1
The metal temperature in the space 3 is prevented from overheating and at the same time
Since the heat transfer within the piston crown is rapid, the metal temperature in the piston crown portion is promoted to be uniform.

燃焼ガスよシ吸収蓄積された熱量は次の吸入圧縮行程の
際に吸入空気に放出され、さらにノズル8よシ噴射され
ピストンクラウンlに到達した燃料を気化させるのに使
用される。
The amount of heat absorbed and stored by the combustion gas is released into the intake air during the next suction and compression stroke, and is further used to vaporize the fuel that is injected through the nozzle 8 and reaches the piston crown 1.

この過程で上記空間3内で気化していた作動物質はピス
トンクラウン1部へ凝縮熱として熱量を放出し、再び液
体の状態に戻る。これによりピストンクラウン1部の金
属温度の急激な低下は防止される。
During this process, the working substance vaporized in the space 3 releases heat as condensation heat to the piston crown 1 and returns to a liquid state. This prevents a sudden drop in the metal temperature of the first portion of the piston crown.

即ち、ピストンクラウン1部の金属温度の平坦化を計9
ながら2機関の爆発排気行程において。
In other words, the flattening of the metal temperature in one part of the piston crown is a total of 9
However, during the explosion exhaust stroke of the two engines.

燃焼ガスの熱エネルギの一部を作動物質の気化熱として
蓄積され1次の吸入圧縮行程で空気の加温及び燃料の気
化のために凝縮熱を放出するものである。
A part of the thermal energy of the combustion gas is stored as the heat of vaporization of the working substance, and the heat of condensation is released to warm the air and vaporize the fuel in the first intake compression stroke.

上述の場合は次の効果がある。−− (1)従来機関ではピストン頂部に伝達された熱量の大
部分はシリンダや潤滑油へ放出していたが。
The above case has the following effects. -- (1) In conventional engines, most of the heat transferred to the top of the piston was released into the cylinder and lubricating oil.

本発明によるピストンでは熱量の回収効果が大きいので
1機関の熱効率が向上する。
Since the piston according to the present invention has a large heat recovery effect, the thermal efficiency of one engine is improved.

(2)本発明によるピストンを直接噴−射式デイー ゛
ゼル機関に使用した場合、ピストン頂部に到達した燃料
の気化が速かに行わ一部るので、気化混合が促進され燃
焼効率が向上すると共に燃焼騒音の低減に効果がある。
(2) When the piston according to the present invention is used in a direct injection diesel engine, the fuel that reaches the top of the piston is quickly vaporized, which promotes vaporization and mixing and improves combustion efficiency. It is also effective in reducing combustion noise.

  − (3)  ピストン頂部は燃焼ガスにより加熱された際
に作動物質の気化熱として熱量が吸収されるので、頂部
壁面の過熱が防止される。また、吸入圧縮時には吸入空
気に冷却されたピストン頂部に対して作動物質の凝縮熱
が熱量の補給を行うので。
- (3) When the top of the piston is heated by the combustion gas, heat is absorbed as heat of vaporization of the working substance, so overheating of the top wall surface is prevented. Also, during suction compression, the heat of condensation of the working substance replenishes the amount of heat to the top of the piston, which is cooled by the suction air.

ピストンクラウン部の温度分布均一化の効果が大きい。Great effect in making the temperature distribution uniform in the piston crown.

(4)  ピストンクラウンの空間に封入する作動物質
として気化温度の異る2種以上の物質を使用す□れば、
気化温度の低い物質から順次作動してゆくので、広い温
度域にわたって上記効果が発揮される。
(4) If two or more substances with different vaporization temperatures are used as working substances sealed in the space of the piston crown,
Since the process starts from the substance with the lowest vaporization temperature, the above effect is exhibited over a wide temperature range.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は本発明による1実施例のピストンを示す断面図
である。 l・・・ピストンクラウン+1a・・・ナツト、2・・
・ピストン、3・・・空間。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a piston according to an embodiment of the present invention. l...Piston crown +1a...Nut, 2...
・Piston, 3...space.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1、 ピストン頂部に形成された空間内にカリウム、ナ
トリウム等の液体からなる作動物質を封入したことを特
徴とするピストン。
1. A piston characterized in that a working substance made of a liquid such as potassium or sodium is sealed in a space formed at the top of the piston.
JP16945081A 1981-10-24 1981-10-24 Piston Pending JPS5872656A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP16945081A JPS5872656A (en) 1981-10-24 1981-10-24 Piston

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP16945081A JPS5872656A (en) 1981-10-24 1981-10-24 Piston

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5872656A true JPS5872656A (en) 1983-04-30

Family

ID=15886822

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP16945081A Pending JPS5872656A (en) 1981-10-24 1981-10-24 Piston

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5872656A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4550707A (en) * 1983-09-07 1985-11-05 Alain Kervagoret Method for improving the performance of an internal combustion engine, device for implementing the method, and internal combustion engine equipped with said device

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5292034A (en) * 1976-01-28 1977-08-03 Kyoritsu Kk Piston for engine

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5292034A (en) * 1976-01-28 1977-08-03 Kyoritsu Kk Piston for engine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4550707A (en) * 1983-09-07 1985-11-05 Alain Kervagoret Method for improving the performance of an internal combustion engine, device for implementing the method, and internal combustion engine equipped with said device

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