JPS5867922A - Combustion chamber in internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Combustion chamber in internal combustion engineInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5867922A JPS5867922A JP56164947A JP16494781A JPS5867922A JP S5867922 A JPS5867922 A JP S5867922A JP 56164947 A JP56164947 A JP 56164947A JP 16494781 A JP16494781 A JP 16494781A JP S5867922 A JPS5867922 A JP S5867922A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- combustion chamber
- piston
- combustion
- shape
- cross
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 206010041235 Snoring Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 34
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910006270 Li—Li Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0636—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston the combustion space having a substantially flat and horizontal bottom
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
- F02B23/0648—Means or methods to improve the spray dispersion, evaporation or ignition
- F02B23/0651—Means or methods to improve the spray dispersion, evaporation or ignition the fuel spray impinging on reflecting surfaces or being specially guided throughout the combustion space
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0678—Unconventional, complex or non-rotationally symmetrical shapes of the combustion space, e.g. flower like, having special shapes related to the orientation of the fuel spray jets
- F02B23/069—Unconventional, complex or non-rotationally symmetrical shapes of the combustion space, e.g. flower like, having special shapes related to the orientation of the fuel spray jets characterised by its eccentricity from the cylinder axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0696—W-piston bowl, i.e. the combustion space having a central projection pointing towards the cylinder head and the surrounding wall being inclined towards the cylinder wall
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
- F02B23/0669—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray having multiple fuel spray jets per injector nozzle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は直接噴射式内燃機関の改善に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to improvements in direct injection internal combustion engines.
従来の直接噴射式ディーゼル機関の燃焼室構造を第１図
に示す。Figure 1 shows the combustion chamber structure of a conventional direct injection diesel engine.
図において、０１はピストン、０２は燃焼室（ピストン
ｉヤビティ）、０３は燃料弁、０４はシリンダヘッド、
０５はシリンダヘッド、０６はピストン頂部とシリンダ
ヘッド下面とで形成される隙間部、０７は燃料噴霧であ
る。In the figure, 01 is a piston, 02 is a combustion chamber (piston i cavity), 03 is a fuel valve, 04 is a cylinder head,
05 is the cylinder head, 06 is the gap formed between the top of the piston and the lower surface of the cylinder head, and 07 is the fuel spray.
直接噴射式ディーゼル機関では、混合気をシリンダ内で
形成させるため、燃料弁ｏ３の多孔ノズルより燃焼室０
２の壁へ向って燃料を噴射、シ、燃料噴霧０７を形成さ
せ、その中心線を燃焼室ｏ２の壁に対しほぼ直角に近い
角度で衝突させる。従って、燃料噴霧は燃焼室壁面の上
下方向に拡がる。In a direct injection diesel engine, the air-fuel mixture is formed within the cylinder, so the combustion chamber 0 is
Fuel is injected toward the wall of the combustion chamber o2 to form a fuel spray 07, and its center line collides with the wall of the combustion chamber o2 at an angle close to a right angle. Therefore, the fuel spray spreads in the vertical direction of the combustion chamber wall surface.
着火後は、この燃料分布に従い、火炎が発達する。After ignition, a flame develops according to this fuel distribution.
しかし上記のものでは次のような欠点がある。However, the above method has the following drawbacks.
第１図に着火後火炎が拡がり、燃焼室上部へ発達した部
分はピストン頂部とシリンダヘッド下面とで形成される
隙間部０６に侵入している状態を示している・この隙間
部０６では、燃料が噴射された後の燃焼は上死点近傍で
はその厚さが薄く火炎が冷却され、この部分での燃焼が
十分に進行せず不完全燃焼する。しかし、一方この部分
にある空気は無視できず、充填空気量の２０％近くに達
する。従って、空気利用率にも限度がある。Figure 1 shows a state in which the flame spreads after ignition and the part that develops toward the top of the combustion chamber invades the gap 06 formed between the top of the piston and the bottom surface of the cylinder head.In this gap 06, the fuel After being injected, the flame is thin near the top dead center and the flame is cooled, and the combustion in this area does not proceed sufficiently, resulting in incomplete combustion. However, on the other hand, the air present in this part cannot be ignored and reaches nearly 20% of the amount of filled air. Therefore, there is a limit to the air utilization rate.
本発明の目的は上記の点に着目し、直接噴射式内燃機関
の燃焼効率を向上させる燃焼室構造を提供することであ
シ、その特徴とするところは、ピストン上面に凹設され
た燃焼室や上記ピストン上面への開口部と底面との形状
をそれぞれ同数の円弧状の線分を辺とじ同辺よシも小径
の円弧状の線分を上記各辺を接続する隅角部とした多辺
形状に形成すると共に、上記開口部と底面とは周方向に
偏位、して配置され、かつ上記燃焼室の側壁面のピスト
ン軸心線とｌｉぼ平行な断面形状を外側に凸のなめらか
な円弧状に形成したことである。An object of the present invention is to provide a combustion chamber structure that improves the combustion efficiency of a direct injection internal combustion engine, paying attention to the above points, and is characterized by a combustion chamber recessed in the upper surface of the piston. Or, the shape of the opening to the top surface of the piston and the bottom surface of the piston can be modified by using the same number of arc-shaped line segments as the sides, and also using small-diameter arc-shaped line segments as the corners connecting the above-mentioned sides. The opening portion and the bottom surface are arranged circumferentially offset, and the side wall surface of the combustion chamber has a cross-sectional shape approximately parallel to the piston axis line, and has a smooth outwardly convex cross-sectional shape. It is formed into a circular arc shape.
この場合は、燃焼室壁面での燃料噴霧運動及び空気流動
を制御することにより、燃焼効率の向上が実現され、直
接噴射式内燃機関の性能が改善される。In this case, by controlling the fuel spray movement and air flow on the combustion chamber wall surface, an improvement in combustion efficiency is realized and the performance of the direct injection internal combustion engine is improved.
以下図面を参照して本発明による実施例につ、き説明す
る。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第２図は本発明による第１実施例の燃焼室を設けたピス
トンを示す上面図、第３図は第２図の■−ｎｌ矢視断面
図、第４図は第２図のＴＶ−ＩＶ矢視断面図、第５図は
第２図のｖ−■矢視断面図、第６図は第２図の■−■矢
視断面図、第７図は第２図のＶｌｌ−■矢視断面図、第
８図は第２図の■−■矢視断面図である。Fig. 2 is a top view showing a piston provided with a combustion chamber according to the first embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the -nl arrow in Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is a TV-IV in Fig. 2. 5 is a sectional view taken along the v-■ arrow in FIG. 2, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the ■-■ arrow in FIG. 2, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the Vll-■ arrow in FIG. The cross-sectional view, FIG. 8, is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in FIG.
図において、８はピストン本体、９は本発明によるピス
トンキャビティの上部形状、即ちピストン本体８の上面
よシ内方へ凹設された燃焼室のピストン上面への開口部
の形状である。１ｏは同燃焼室の底面形状、１１は同燃
焼室の側壁面である。In the figure, 8 is the piston body, and 9 is the shape of the upper part of the piston cavity according to the present invention, that is, the shape of the opening of the combustion chamber recessed inwardly from the upper surface of the piston body 8 to the upper surface of the piston. 1o is the bottom shape of the combustion chamber, and 11 is the side wall surface of the combustion chamber.
燃焼室の上部形状９は、大きな半径ＲＵをもつ円弧状の
線分を辺とし、小さ々半径ｒＵをもつ円弧状の線分を隅
角部とする多辺形状となっている。第２図は四辺形状の
場合を示している。The upper part 9 of the combustion chamber has a multi-sided shape in which sides are arcuate line segments with a large radius RU, and corners are arcuate line segments with a small radius rU. FIG. 2 shows the case of a quadrilateral shape.
また、燃焼室の下部形状、即を底面形状１ｏは大きな半
径ＲＢをもつ円弧状の線分を辺とし、 ｔＪ〜さな半径
ｒ、をもつ円弧状の線分を隅角部とする多辺形状となっ
ている。第２図は四辺形状の場合を示している。In addition, the lower part shape of the combustion chamber, i.e., the bottom surface shape 1o, has multiple sides whose sides are arc-shaped line segments with a large radius RB, and whose corners are arc-shaped line segments with a small radius r. It has a shape. FIG. 2 shows the case of a quadrilateral shape.
上一部と下部の形状９．ＩＯの中心位置を一致させ、し
かも上方から見て両四辺形の隅角部は一致しておらず角
度０だけ周方向にずらした形状としている。Shape of upper part and lower part9. The center positions of the IOs are aligned, and the corners of both quadrilaterals are not aligned when viewed from above, but are shifted by an angle of 0 in the circumferential direction.
壁面１１は上部四辺形と下部四辺形の中心を通る垂直断
面、即ち、ピストン軸心線とほぼ平行な断面、の各四辺
形の交点を、第３図の訃 ａ／のようになめらかな円弧
で結んで、かつ底面部を小さな半径ｒ２で角を形成した
形状となっている。The wall surface 11 is a vertical cross section passing through the centers of the upper quadrilateral and the lower quadrilateral, that is, a cross section approximately parallel to the piston axis, and the intersection of each quadrilateral is formed into a smooth circular arc as shown in Figure 3. , and the bottom part has a corner formed with a small radius r2.
従って、壁面１１は第４図ないし第８図に示すように各
断面の円弧を形成する中心点Ｏｗが円周方向ＩＶ−Ｐｎ
ｌｆｒ面からＶｌ −Ｖｌ断面に行くに従い、上部に近
づく。燃焼室上部の多辺形状の隅角部を通るＶｌ −■
断面で最も上部に近づく。さらにＶｌ−Ｖ［断面からＶ
ｆｌ−■ｉ面では各断面の円弧を形成する中心点Ｏｗは
９次第に一部に近づくことに力る。Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 8, the wall surface 11 has a center point Ow forming an arc of each cross section in the circumferential direction IV-Pn.
As you go from the lfr plane to the Vl-Vl cross section, you get closer to the top. Vl −■ passing through the corner of the polygonal shape at the top of the combustion chamber
Closest to the top in the cross section. Furthermore, Vl-V [V from the cross section
In the fl-■i plane, the center point Ow forming the arc of each cross section gradually approaches a part.
これらの臂面は燃焼室周方向ではなめら矛）に一連なっ
ておシ、燃焼室壁面の深さ方向の中間点は第２図の一点
鎖線で示される。These arm surfaces are continuous in the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber in the shape of a smooth lance, and the midpoint of the wall surface of the combustion chamber in the depth direction is indicated by a chain line in FIG.
第２図のＩＶ −ＩＶ断面を示す第４図では、燃焼室上
部が張り出しておシ、張出し量が上方から見て上部形状
と下部形状とが交わる■−Ｖ断面まで減少しヤいる。■
−Ｖ断面からＶＨ’−Ｖｌｌ断面までは。In FIG. 4, which shows the IV-IV cross section of FIG. 2, the upper part of the combustion chamber overhangs, and the amount of overhang decreases to the -V cross section where the upper and lower shapes intersect when viewed from above. ■
-V section to VH'-Vll section.
ピストン上方から見た平面図で、上部形状が下部形状よ
り多辺形状の中心から遠く燃焼室底面を上方からのぞく
ことが可能であるように燃焼室上部が開いた形状となる
（第６図参照）。In the plan view seen from above the piston, the upper part of the combustion chamber is further away from the center of the polygonal shape than the lower part, and the upper part of the combustion chamber is open so that the bottom of the combustion chamber can be seen from above (see Figure 6). ).
第７図゛の断面では、ピストン上方から見て、上部形状
と下部形状とが交わっ・ている。■−■斯而で面、燃焼
室上部が張シ出している０
以上のＩＶ−ＩＶ断面から１−■断面までの変化を燃焼
室側壁上ｆくシ返見す。In the cross section of FIG. 7, the upper and lower shapes intersect when viewed from above the piston. ■-■ So, let's look back at the changes from the IV-IV cross section above 0 to the 1-■ cross section, where the upper part of the combustion chamber is overhanging, on the side wall of the combustion chamber.
１２ｉ燃料１噴霧の噴射方向を示しておシ、上部多辺形
と同数の噴霧をもっており、第２図では四辺形−と対応
して四本の噴霧を噴射する燃料弁（図示せず）を使用す
る。燃料噴霧の壁−面への衝突点はピストン上方から見
て燃焼室上部が張シ出、している部分と−ｊる。12i indicates the injection direction of the fuel 1 spray, and has the same number of sprays as the upper polygon. use. The point of impact of the fuel spray on the wall surface is the part where the upper part of the combustion chamber protrudes when viewed from above the piston.
上記槽数の場合の作用、効果について述べる。The functions and effects in the case of the above number of tanks will be described.
燃料弁から燃焼室外周に向って噴射された燃料は燃料噴
霧を形成して噴射方向１２に系すように燃焼室内のピス
トン上方から見て燃焼室上部が燃焼室中心側に張シ出し
ている部分に衝突せしめる。The fuel injected from the fuel valve toward the outer periphery of the combustion chamber forms a fuel spray and is directed in the injection direction 12, so that the upper part of the combustion chamber extends toward the center of the combustion chamber when viewed from above the piston in the combustion chamber. cause parts to collide.
噴霧衝突時には燃焼室上部が燃焼室中心側に張ｐ出して
いるため、衝突直後はピストン上面に噴出しに＜＜、壁
面が円弧状で丸味を帯びており。At the time of spray collision, the upper part of the combustion chamber overhangs toward the center of the combustion chamber, so immediately after the collision, the spray appears on the upper surface of the piston, and the wall surface is arcuate and rounded.
なめらかな曲面を形成しているため、壁面における燃料
噴霧運動を減衰はせることなく、また壁面での空気流動
を減衰させることなく、噴霧を壁面に沿って発達させ、
燃焼室上部が開いた断面（例えば第５図より第７図まで
）でピストン上面へ発達させることがｏ■能である。Because it forms a smooth curved surface, the spray develops along the wall without attenuating the movement of the fuel spray on the wall or the air flow on the wall.
It is possible to develop the combustion chamber toward the upper surface of the piston with an open cross section (for example, from FIG. 5 to FIG. 7).
即ち１通常１着火は燃料噴霧が燃焼室壁面に衝突する前
後に起る。また、この時期はピストンが上死点近傍にあ
る／（、め、クリアランスが最も小さい。本発明によれ
ば着火時にはピストン上面へ噴霧火炎が吹き出しに〈＜
、火炎が冷却されにくい。That is, 1 usually 1 ignition occurs before and after the fuel spray collides with the wall surface of the combustion chamber. Also, at this time, the piston is near the top dead center/(, me), and the clearance is the smallest. According to the present invention, at the time of ignition, the spray flame blows out onto the top surface of the piston.
, the flame is difficult to cool down.
また、壁面が丸味を帯び燃焼室壁面の凹凸が無い□ため
、燃料噴霧運動を持続させ混合作用を損うことなく？燃
焼室壁面上を発達させることができる。Also, because the walls are rounded and there are no irregularities on the combustion chamber walls, the fuel spray movement can be sustained without impairing the mixing effect. It can be developed on the combustion chamber wall surface.
ピストンが下降する時期になると、高い混合作用を持っ
た噴霧火炎がピストン上面へ拡散しやすくなり、空気利
用率が高くなる。従って、排気黒煙が排出されに＜＜、
燃焼効率の高い燃焼が達成される。When the piston descends, the spray flame with a high mixing effect spreads easily to the upper surface of the piston, increasing the air utilization rate. Therefore, the exhaust black smoke is emitted.
Combustion with high combustion efficiency is achieved.
ゐ−５９図は本発明による第２実施例の燃焼室を設けた
ピストンを示す上面図、第１０図は第９図のＸ−Ｘ矢視
断面図、第１１図は第９図のＭ−Ｘ矢視断面図、第１２
図は第９図の■−店矢視断面図第１３図は第９図のＸＩ
−ＸＩ矢視断面図である。59 is a top view showing a piston provided with a combustion chamber according to the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. X-arrow cross-sectional view, 12th
The figure is a sectional view taken from the ■-store arrow in Fig. 9. Fig. 13 is the XI in Fig. 9.
-XI arrow sectional view.
図において、８はピストン本体、１３は本発明によるピ
ストンキャビティの上部形状、即ちピストン本体８の上
面より内方へ凹設された燃焼室のピストン上面への開口
部の形状である。１４は同。In the figure, 8 is the piston body, and 13 is the shape of the upper part of the piston cavity according to the present invention, that is, the shape of the opening of the combustion chamber recessed inward from the upper surface of the piston body 8 to the upper surface of the piston. 14 is the same.
燃焼室の底面形状、１５は燃焼室の側壁面である。The bottom shape of the combustion chamber, 15 is the side wall surface of the combustion chamber.
第１実施例と同様に燃焼室の上部形状１３は。The upper shape 13 of the combustion chamber is similar to the first embodiment.
大きな半径ＲＧをもつ円弧状の線分を辺とし、小さな半
径ｒ′ｏをもつ円弧状の線分を隅角部とする多辺形状と
なっている。It has a multi-sided shape in which the sides are arcuate line segments with a large radius RG and the corners are arcuate line segments with a small radius r'o.
また、燃焼室のト部形状、即ち底面形状１４は大きな半
径に′８をもつ円弧状の線分を辺とし、小さな半径ｒ％
をもつ円弧状の線分を隅角部とする多辺形状となってい
る。第９図では上部、下部ともに四辺形状の場合を示し
ている。In addition, the shape of the top portion of the combustion chamber, that is, the bottom shape 14, has an arcuate line segment with a large radius of '8 as a side, and a small radius of r%.
It has a multi-sided shape whose corners are arc-shaped line segments with . FIG. 9 shows a case where both the upper and lower parts have a quadrilateral shape.
さらに上部と下部の形状の中心位置を−致させ。Furthermore, align the center positions of the upper and lower shapes.
しかも隅角部の位相が一致しておらず２角度θ′だけず
らした形状となっている・
壁面１５は上部１１１４辺形と下部四辺形の中心を通る
垂直断面、即ちピストン軸心線とほぼ平行な断面、の各
四辺形の辺との交点を、第１０図のａ。Furthermore, the phases of the corners do not match and are shifted by two angles θ'. The wall surface 15 is a vertical section passing through the centers of the upper 1114 quadrilateral and the lower quadrilateral, that is, approximately parallel to the piston axis. The intersections of the parallel cross sections with the sides of each quadrilateral are indicated by a in FIG.
ａ′のようになめらかな内弧で結び、かつ底面部を小さ
な半径ｒ′２で角を形成した形状となっている。They are connected by smooth inner arcs as shown by a', and have a corner formed at the bottom with a small radius r'2.
従って、壁面は第１１図ないし第１３図に示すように、
各断面の円弧を形成する中心点ｏ１ｗが壁面周方向にＭ
−Ｍ断面から■−店断面へ変化するに従い上部に近づく
。燃焼室上部の隅角部を通る刈−″刈断面で最も上部に
近づく。さらに刈−店断面から■−■断面では各断面の
円弧を形成する中心点Ｏ１Ｗ、□は逆に次第に底部に近
づくことになる。Therefore, the wall surface is as shown in Figures 11 to 13.
The center point o1w forming the arc of each cross section is M in the wall circumferential direction.
As the -M cross section changes to the ■-store cross section, it approaches the top. The cutting plane that passes through the upper corner of the combustion chamber approaches the top most.Furthermore, from the cutting section to the ■-■ section, the center point O1W forming the circular arc of each cross section, and □, on the contrary, gradually approaches the bottom. It turns out.
これらの壁面は燃焼室周方向ではなめらかに連なってお
シ、燃焼室壁面の深さ方向の中間点は第９図の一点鎖線
で示される。These wall surfaces are smoothly continuous in the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber, and the midpoint of the wall surface of the combustion chamber in the depth direction is indicated by a chain line in FIG.
第９図のＭ−Ｍ断面を示す第１１図中は燃焼室上部が燃
焼室中心１リヘ張シ出しておシ、その張出し社が上方か
ら見て上部形状と下部形状とが接するＭ−ＸＩＩ＠面ま
で燃焼室壁面周方向上で次第に減少して行く。店−店断
面から■−■断面では、また燃焼室上部の張シ出しが次
第に大きくなって行く０
以上のＭ−Ｍ断面から■−ＸＩ断面までの変化を燃焼室
壁面上でく夛返えすことになる。In Fig. 11, which shows the M-M cross section of Fig. 9, the upper part of the combustion chamber protrudes from the center of the combustion chamber 1, and the protrusion is M-XII where the upper shape and lower shape meet when viewed from above. It gradually decreases in the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber wall until it reaches the @ plane. From the store-store cross section to the ■-■ cross section, the overhang at the top of the combustion chamber gradually increases. It turns out.
上記構成の場合の作用、効果について述べる〇燃料弁か
ら燃焼室外周に向って噴射された燃料は燃料噴霧を形成
し噴射方向１６に示すように燃焼室内のビート・上方か
ら見て燃焼室上部ヵ；燃焼室中心側に張シ出している部
分に衝突せしめる。The functions and effects of the above configuration will be described. The fuel injected from the fuel valve toward the outer periphery of the combustion chamber forms fuel spray, and as shown in the injection direction 16, the beat inside the combustion chamber and the upper part of the combustion chamber seen from above. ; Make it collide with the part that extends toward the center of the combustion chamber.
噴霧衝突時には燃焼室上部が燃焼室中心側に張り出して
いるため、衝突直後はビス±ン上面に噴出しに＜＜、壁
面が円弧状で丸味を帯びておシ。When the spray collides, the upper part of the combustion chamber protrudes toward the center of the combustion chamber, so immediately after the collision, the spray appears on the top surface of the cylinder, and the wall surface is arcuate and rounded.
なめらかな曲面を形成しているため、壁面における燃料
噴霧運動を減衰させることなく、また壁面での空気運動
を減衰させることなく、噴霧を壁面に沿って発達させ、
燃焼室上部がほとんど張り出していない断面で、ピスト
ン上面へ発達させることが可能でｉる〇
即ち２通常９着木は燃料噴霧が燃焼室壁面に衝突する前
後で起る。また、この時期はピストンが上死点近傍にあ
るため、クリアランスが最も小さい。本発明によれば２
．府火時にはピストン上面へ噴霧火炎、が吹き出しに＜
〈、火炎が冷却され傾くい。また、壁面が丸味を帯び、
燃焼室壁面の凹凸がないため、燃料噴霧運動を持続させ
、混合作用を損うことなく′、燃焼室壁面上を発達させ
ることができる。Because it forms a smooth curved surface, the spray develops along the wall without attenuating the fuel spray movement on the wall or the air movement on the wall.
The upper part of the combustion chamber has a cross section with almost no protrusion, and it is possible for the fuel to develop toward the upper surface of the piston. Also, at this time, the piston is near top dead center, so the clearance is the smallest. According to the invention, 2
．． During a prefectural fire, spray flames on the top of the piston will blow out.
〈The flame cools and tilts. In addition, the wall surface is rounded,
Since there are no irregularities on the combustion chamber wall surface, the fuel spray movement can be sustained and developed on the combustion chamber wall surface without impairing the mixing effect.
ピストレが下降する時期になると、高い混合作用をもっ
た噴霧火炎がピストン上面へ拡散しゃすくな＃）、空気
利用率が高くなる。従って、−排気黒煙が排出されに＜
〈、燃焼効率の高い燃焼が達成される。When the piston comes down, the spray flame with a high mixing effect spreads to the upper surface of the piston, increasing the air utilization rate. Therefore, -exhaust black smoke is emitted<
<, combustion with high combustion efficiency is achieved.
第１４図は本発明による第３実施例の燃焼室を設けたピ
ストンを示す上面図、第１５図は第１４図のＸＶ−ＸＶ
矢視断面図、第１６図は第１４図のＸＶＩ −Ｘ％ｑ矢
視断面図、第１７図は第１４図の罵−劇、矢視断面図、
第１８図は第１４図の麗−麗矢視断面図である。FIG. 14 is a top view showing a piston provided with a combustion chamber according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 15 is a top view of the piston shown in FIG.
16 is a sectional view taken along the XVI-X%q arrow in FIG. 14, FIG.
FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of FIG.
図において、８はピストン本体、１７は本発明によるピ
ストンキャビティの上部形状、即ちピストン本体８の上
面より内方へ凹設された燃焼室のピストン上面への開口
部の形状でらるｏ１８は同燃焼室の底面形状、１９は同
ｉ焼室の側壁面であ第１実施例と同様に燃焼室ａ上部形
状１７社大きな半径Ｈ／／をもつ円弧状の線分を辺とし
、小さな半径ｒＩｕをもつ線分を隅角部とする多辺形状
とな゛つている。In the figure, 8 is the piston main body, 17 is the shape of the upper part of the piston cavity according to the present invention, that is, the shape of the opening to the piston top surface of the combustion chamber which is recessed inward from the top surface of the piston main body 8, and o18 is the same. The bottom shape of the combustion chamber, 19, is the side wall surface of the combustion chamber.Similar to the first embodiment, the shape of the upper part of the combustion chamber a is an arcuate line segment with a large radius H//, and a small radius rIu. It is a polygonal shape whose corners are line segments with .
′また。燃焼室の下部形状、即ち底面形状１８は大きな
半径Ｒ；をもつ円弧状の線分を辺とし、小さな半径ｒ１
をもつ円弧状の線分を隅角部とする多辺形状となってい
る。第１４図では上部、下部ともに四辺形状の場合を示
している。'Also. The lower part shape of the combustion chamber, that is, the bottom shape 18 has an arcuate line segment with a large radius R as a side, and a small radius r1.
It has a multi-sided shape whose corners are arc-shaped line segments with . FIG. 14 shows a case where both the upper and lower parts have a quadrilateral shape.
さらに上部と下Ｊｓの形状の中心位置を一致させ。Furthermore, match the center positions of the upper and lower Js shapes.
し゛かも隅角部の位相が一致しておらず、角度θ″だけ
ずらした形状となっている。（乙
種面１９は上部四辺形と下部四辺形の中心を通る垂直断
面、即ちピストン軸心線とほぼ平行な断“面、の各四辺
形の辺との交点を、第１５図の・、・・のようになめら
かな円弧で結び、かつ底面部を小・さな半径弓で角を構
成した形状となっている。However, the phases of the corners do not match, and the shape is shifted by an angle θ''. The intersections of the sides of each quadrilateral of the cross-section plane, which is almost parallel to , are connected by smooth circular arcs as shown in Figure 15, and the corners are formed by small radius bows at the bottom. It has a shape.
従って、壁面は、第１６図ないし第１８図に示すように
、各断面の円弧を形成する中心点０２ｗが壁面周方向に
ＸＶＩ −ＸＶＪ 断面から双■−店社断面へ変化する
に従い、上部に近づく。燃焼室上部の隅角部を通る）ｆ
ｌ −ＸＶＩＩ断面で最も上部へ近づく。さらに舗−麗
断面から麗−麗断面では、各断面の円弧を形成する中心
点０２ｗは逆に次第に底部に近づくことになる。Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 16 to 18, as the center point 02w forming the arc of each section changes in the wall circumferential direction from the XVI - Get closer. passing through the upper corner of the combustion chamber) f
It approaches the top most in the l-XVII cross section. Furthermore, from the Pa-Li cross section to the Li-Li cross section, the center point 02w forming the arc of each cross section gradually approaches the bottom.
これらの壁面は燃焼室周方向で社なめらかに連なってお
シ、燃焼室壁面の深さ方向の中間点は。These walls run smoothly in the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber, and the midpoint in the depth direction of the combustion chamber wall is at
第１４図のＸＶＩ−店１＃ｉ而を示す第１６図では、燃
焼室上部が燃焼室中心側へ張り出しおり、その張出し量
か燃焼室上部の隅角部を通る舗−ｍ断面まで燃焼室壁面
周方向上で次第に減少して行く。In Fig. 16, which shows the XVI-Storage 1 #i in Fig. 14, the upper part of the combustion chamber overhangs toward the center of the combustion chamber, and the extent of the overhang extends to the cross section of the combustion chamber passing through the corner of the upper part of the combustion chamber. It gradually decreases in the circumferential direction of the wall surface.
逆に淘−ＸｖＩＷｆｒ面から麗−麗断面では燃焼室上部
の張シ出しが次第従大きくなっていく。Conversely, from the Tao-XvIWfr surface to the Li-Li cross section, the overhang of the upper part of the combustion chamber gradually becomes larger.
以上の劇一層断面から淘−肩断面までの変化を燃焼室壁
面上で〈シ返えすことになる。The above change from the first layer cross section to the bottom-shoulder cross section will be reversed on the combustion chamber wall surface.
上記構成の場合の作用、効果について述べる。The functions and effects of the above configuration will be described.
燃料弁から燃焼室外周に向って噴射された燃料は燃料噴
霧を形成し、燃料噴射方向２０に示すように燃焼室内の
ピストン上方から見て燃焼室上部、が燃焼室中心側に張
シ出した部分が最も小さい部分を避けて衝突せしめる。The fuel injected from the fuel valve toward the outer periphery of the combustion chamber forms a fuel spray, and as shown in the fuel injection direction 20, the upper part of the combustion chamber as seen from above the piston in the combustion chamber extends toward the center of the combustion chamber. Avoid collisions with the smallest parts.
燃料噴霧衝突時には、燃焼室上部が燃焼室中心側に張シ
出しているため、衝突直後はピストン上面に°噴霧が噴
出しに＜＜、壁面が円弧状で丸味を帯びておシなめらか
な曲面を形成しているため。When the fuel spray collides, the upper part of the combustion chamber extends toward the center of the combustion chamber, so immediately after the collision, the spray is ejected onto the upper surface of the piston, and the wall surface has an arc-shaped, rounded, smooth curved surface. Because it forms.
壁面における燃料噴霧運動を減衰させることなく。without damping the fuel spray movement on the wall.
また壁面゛での空気流動を減衰させることなく、燃料噴
霧を壁面に沿って発達させ燃焼室上部の燃焼室中央側へ
の張り出しの最も少ない断面でピストン上面へ発達させ
ることが可能である。In addition, it is possible to develop fuel spray along the wall surface without attenuating the air flow on the wall surface, and to develop the fuel spray toward the upper surface of the piston with the least amount of overhang of the upper part of the combustion chamber toward the center of the combustion chamber.
即ち９通常、有人は燃料噴霧が燃焼室壁面に衝突する前
後で起る。また、この時期はピストンが上死点近傍にあ
るため、クリアランスが最も小さい。本発明によれば＊
ｌｔ′ｉ火時にはピストン上面へ噴霧火炎が吹き出し
に＜〈、火炎が冷却されにくい。また、燃焼室壁面が丸
味を帯び、凹凸が無いため、燃料噴霧運動を持続させ、
混合作用を損なうことなく、燃焼室壁面上を発達させる
ことができる。That is, 9 normally, manning occurs before and after the fuel spray hits the combustion chamber wall. Also, at this time, the piston is near top dead center, so the clearance is the smallest. According to the invention*
When there is a fire, the spray flame blows out onto the top surface of the piston, making it difficult for the flame to cool down. In addition, the combustion chamber wall surface is rounded and has no irregularities, so the fuel spray movement is sustained.
It can be developed on the wall surface of the combustion chamber without impairing the mixing effect.
ピストンが下降する時期になると、高い混合作用を持っ
た噴霧火炎がピストン上面へ拡散しやすくなり、空気利
用率が高くなる。従って、排気黒煙が排出されに＜〈、
燃焼効率の高い燃焼が達成される。When the piston descends, the spray flame with a high mixing effect spreads easily to the upper surface of the piston, increasing the air utilization rate. Therefore, the exhaust black smoke is emitted.
Combustion with high combustion efficiency is achieved.
なお、上記各実施例の場合には、燃料弁位置。In addition, in the case of each of the above embodiments, the fuel valve position.
燃焼室中心、ピストン中心が一致していない場合を示し
ているが、これらのうち、どの二つが一致しても、また
王者とも一致してもよい。Although the case is shown in which the combustion chamber center and the piston center do not match, any two of these may match, or even the king may match.
また、上記各実施例では、燃焼室底面に中央突起が無い
場合を示しているが、中央突起があってもよい。Moreover, although each of the above embodiments shows a case where there is no central protrusion on the bottom surface of the combustion chamber, there may be a central protrusion.
第１図は従来の直接噴射式ディーゼル機関の燃焼室構造
を示す断面図、第２図は本発明による第１実施例の燃焼
室を、設けたピストン９上面図、第３図は第２図のＩ−
１矢視断面図、第４図は第２凶のＩＶ −ＩＶ矢視断面
図、第５図は第２図の■−■矢視断面図、第６図は第２
図のＶｌ−Ｖｌ矢視断面図。
第７図は第２図のｖＩｌ−■矢視断面図、第８図は第２
図の■−■矢視断面図、第９図は本発明による第２実施
例の燃焼室を設けたピストンを示す上面図、第１０図は
第９図のＸ−Ｘ矢視断面図、第１１図は第９図のＸ−Ｘ
矢視断面図、第１２図は第９図の刈−刈矢視噌面図、第
１３図は第９図の■−′■矢視断面図、＠１４図は本発
明による第一３実施例の燃焼室を設けたピストンを示す
上面図、第１５図は第１４図のＸＶ−ＫＶ矢視断面図、
第１６図は第１４図の川一層矢視断面図、第１７図は第
［４図の罵−届矢視断り図、第１８＠は第１４図の麗−
麗矢視断面図である。
８・・・ピスト・ン本体、り、１３．１７・・・燃焼室
開−口部形状、１０．１−ｆ、１８−・・燃焼室底面形
状。
１１ 、 ’１５ 、１９・・・燃焼室側壁面。
才ＩＭ
第２口
オ９図FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the structure of a combustion chamber of a conventional direct injection diesel engine, FIG. 2 is a top view of a piston 9 provided with a combustion chamber according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. I-
1 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrows 1, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along arrows IV--IV of the second section, FIG.
A sectional view taken along the line Vl-Vl in the figure. Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken along the vIl-■ arrow in Fig. 2, and Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 2.
9 is a top view showing a piston provided with a combustion chamber according to the second embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line X-X in FIG. Figure 11 is X-X in Figure 9.
12 is a sectional view taken from the direction of the arrows in FIG. 9, FIG. 13 is a sectional view seen from the ■-'■ arrow in FIG. 9, and FIG. A top view showing a piston provided with an example combustion chamber, FIG. 15 is a sectional view taken along the line XV-KV in FIG. 14,
Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the river in Fig. 14 as seen from the arrow, Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the river in Fig.
FIG. 8... Piston body, 13.17... Combustion chamber opening shape, 10.1-f, 18-... Combustion chamber bottom shape. 11, '15, 19... Combustion chamber side wall surface. IM 2nd mouth picture 9
Claims (1)
設された燃焼室の上記ピストン上面への開口部と底面と
の形状をそれぞれ同数の円弧状６線分を辺とし同辺より
も小径の円弧状の線分を上記各辺を接続する隅角部とし
た多辺形状に形成すると元に、上記開鼾部と底面とは周
方向に偏位して配置され、かつ上記燃焼室の側壁面のピ
ストン軸心線とほぼ平行な断面形状を外側に凸のなめら
かな円弧状に形成したことを特徴とする内燃機関の燃焼
室。1. In a direct injection internal combustion engine, the shape of the opening to the top surface of the piston and the bottom surface of the combustion chamber recessed in the top surface of the piston is a circle with the same number of six arc segments as sides and a smaller diameter than the same side. Based on the fact that the arcuate line segment is formed into a polygonal shape with corners connecting each side, the snoring portion and the bottom surface are arranged offset in the circumferential direction, and the side wall surface of the combustion chamber A combustion chamber for an internal combustion engine characterized by having a cross-sectional shape substantially parallel to a piston axis line formed into a smooth arc shape convex to the outside.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56164947A JPS5867922A (en) | 1981-10-17 | 1981-10-17 | Combustion chamber in internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56164947A JPS5867922A (en) | 1981-10-17 | 1981-10-17 | Combustion chamber in internal combustion engine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5867922A true JPS5867922A (en) | 1983-04-22 |
Family
ID=15802871
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56164947A Pending JPS5867922A (en) | 1981-10-17 | 1981-10-17 | Combustion chamber in internal combustion engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5867922A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR19980034329A (en) * | 1996-11-06 | 1998-08-05 | 박병재 | Piston Combustion Chamber Structure |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5142249A (en) * | 1974-10-08 | 1976-04-09 | Kajima Corp | Kureennitaisuru unpandaishano tekiseiichijidoteishihoho |
| JPS5617319B2 (en) * | 1975-03-19 | 1981-04-21 | ||
| JPS5666419A (en) * | 1979-11-05 | 1981-06-04 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Combustion chamber of internal combustion engine |
-
1981
- 1981-10-17 JP JP56164947A patent/JPS5867922A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5142249A (en) * | 1974-10-08 | 1976-04-09 | Kajima Corp | Kureennitaisuru unpandaishano tekiseiichijidoteishihoho |
| JPS5617319B2 (en) * | 1975-03-19 | 1981-04-21 | ||
| JPS5666419A (en) * | 1979-11-05 | 1981-06-04 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Combustion chamber of internal combustion engine |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR19980034329A (en) * | 1996-11-06 | 1998-08-05 | 박병재 | Piston Combustion Chamber Structure |
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