JPS5845287B2 - Catalyst for carbon monoxide oxidation - Google Patents

Catalyst for carbon monoxide oxidation

Info

Publication number
JPS5845287B2
JPS5845287B2 JP52148309A JP14830977A JPS5845287B2 JP S5845287 B2 JPS5845287 B2 JP S5845287B2 JP 52148309 A JP52148309 A JP 52148309A JP 14830977 A JP14830977 A JP 14830977A JP S5845287 B2 JPS5845287 B2 JP S5845287B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
catalyst
carrier
palladium
carbon monoxide
platinum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP52148309A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5480292A (en
Inventor
清一 佐野
郁夫 小林
邦弘 鶴田
正雄 牧
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP52148309A priority Critical patent/JPS5845287B2/en
Publication of JPS5480292A publication Critical patent/JPS5480292A/en
Publication of JPS5845287B2 publication Critical patent/JPS5845287B2/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、−酸化炭素を含有する空気を常温の一般大気
条件下で通気接触させ、毒性の少ない二酸化炭素へと酸
化転換するための触媒に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a catalyst for oxidatively converting air containing carbon oxide into less toxic carbon dioxide by bringing it into contact with air under general atmospheric conditions at room temperature.

−酸化炭素を常温付近で酸化除去しようという試みは、
急性毒性が問題となる防毒マスクなどで強く要請され、
二酸化マンガンと酸化銅などの金属酸化物系のホブカラ
イド触媒などが、この用途に適用されたりしている。
-Attempts to remove carbon oxide by oxidation at room temperature
Strongly requested for gas masks where acute toxicity is a problem,
Phobcalide catalysts based on metal oxides such as manganese dioxide and copper oxide have been used for this purpose.

しかし、環境濃度レベルの一酸化炭素に対して反応速度
が遅く、また大気中の水分の影響により被毒劣化してし
まうという欠点がある。
However, it has the disadvantage that it has a slow reaction rate against carbon monoxide at an environmental concentration level, and is susceptible to poisoning and deterioration due to the influence of moisture in the atmosphere.

さらに、少なくとも、100’C8度の加熱が必要であ
る。
Furthermore, heating to at least 100'C8 degrees is required.

また活性炭を担体として、これにパラジウムを担持させ
た触媒が有効であるとされたことがあるが、この触媒は
一般的な大気共存ガス、例えば、窒素酸化物やSO2、
あるいは普通の有機ガスなどですぐに被毒してしまい、
耐久性がないため実用に供せられるには到らなかった。
In addition, a catalyst in which palladium is supported on activated carbon as a carrier has been said to be effective, but this catalyst can be used to remove gases that commonly coexist in the atmosphere, such as nitrogen oxides and SO2.
Or it can be poisoned quickly by ordinary organic gas, etc.
Due to lack of durability, it could not be put to practical use.

本発明者らは、先きにアルミナセメントで代表されるア
ルミン酸石灰と粉末活性炭及び炭酸カリウムを含む硬化
物を担体とし、これに白金族金属、特に白金とパラジウ
ムを担体させた触媒を提案した。
The present inventors previously proposed a catalyst in which platinum group metals, particularly platinum and palladium, are supported on a hardened product containing lime aluminate, powdered activated carbon, and potassium carbonate, such as alumina cement. .

この触媒は、−酸化炭素に対して、常温でかつ水蒸気共
存下で著しい酸化活性を示し、優れた安定性を有してい
る。
This catalyst exhibits remarkable oxidation activity toward carbon oxide at room temperature and in the presence of water vapor, and has excellent stability.

しかし、高価な貴金属を用いているので、実用触媒とし
ての経済性の観点から、この貴金属の量を減少させ、な
お同様の活性を保持しうるようにすることが望まれる。
However, since expensive noble metals are used, it is desirable to reduce the amount of this noble metal and still maintain the same activity from the viewpoint of economy as a practical catalyst.

本発明者らは、助触媒効果の期待される物質、あるいは
パイメタリック・クラスターを形成して貴金属を微粒子
化し、更には分散性を向上させるのではないかと期待さ
れる物質を添加して、触媒活性の変化を調べた。
The present inventors added a substance that is expected to have a cocatalyst effect, or a substance that is expected to form pi-metallic clusters to make precious metals into fine particles, and further improve dispersibility. Changes in activity were investigated.

また、従来、貴金属を微分散させる方法として、周期律
表IB族の元素(Cu + Ag 、 Au )や、I
IA族金属の酸化物の添加が、シクロヘキサンの水添、
脱水′素反応などで脱水素の選択性向上などに有効であ
ることが知られているので、これらについても調べた。
Conventionally, as a method of finely dispersing noble metals, elements of group IB of the periodic table (Cu + Ag, Au), I
The addition of a Group IA metal oxide results in the hydrogenation of cyclohexane,
Since it is known to be effective in improving dehydrogenation selectivity in dehydrogenation reactions, we also investigated these.

上記のような検討の結果、本発明者らは周期律表■族の
遷移元素(F e * Co、 t N i)の添加よ
り貴金属の量を減少してなお活性の高い触媒を得ること
に成功した。
As a result of the above studies, the present inventors decided to reduce the amount of noble metal and still obtain a highly active catalyst by adding transition elements (Fe*Co, tNi) of group I of the periodic table. Successful.

即ち、本発明はアルミン酸石灰と活性炭粉末及び炭酸カ
リウムを含む硬化物よりなる担体に、白金及びパラジウ
ムとともに、鉄、コバルト及びニッケルよりなる群から
選んだ少なくとも1種の金属を担持させたことを特徴と
する一酸化炭素酸化用触媒である。
That is, the present invention provides that a carrier made of a cured product containing lime aluminate, activated carbon powder, and potassium carbonate supports at least one metal selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, and nickel, as well as platinum and palladium. This is a characteristic carbon monoxide oxidation catalyst.

坦下木発明の触媒について詳細に説明する。The catalyst invented by Tanoshiki will be explained in detail.

触媒の調整法は基本的に2つの段階に分けられる。The catalyst preparation method is basically divided into two steps.

第1段は担体の調整であり、2段は貴金属などの触媒金
属の担体である。
The first stage is the preparation of the carrier, and the second stage is the carrier of the catalytic metal, such as a noble metal.

担体の調整は次の様にして行なう。The carrier is prepared as follows.

粉末活性炭、アルミン酸石灰及び炭酸カリウムの原料粉
末を所定の配合比で混合したのち、上記の原料に対して
、70〜80係程度の水を加えて、ニーダ−で捏和する
After mixing raw material powders of powdered activated carbon, lime aluminate, and potassium carbonate in a predetermined mixing ratio, about 70 to 80 parts of water is added to the above raw materials and kneaded in a kneader.

これを押出し機で、造粒成型し、乾燥して所定のね度に
分級しする。
This is granulated and molded using an extruder, dried, and classified to a predetermined consistency.

なお押出し造粒の他、各種の成型方法の適用が可能であ
る。
In addition to extrusion granulation, various molding methods can be applied.

また担体の強度を向上させる目的で、カルボキシメチル
セルロースナトリウムなどの添加物を原料重量の0.5
〜2%程度添加してもよい。
In addition, in order to improve the strength of the carrier, additives such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are added to
It may be added in an amount of about 2%.

担体原料の配合割合は、活性炭10〜50重量φ、炭酸
カリウム5〜15重量饅、残部アルミン酸石灰が好まし
く、特にアルミン酸石灰、活性炭、炭酸カリウムの比が
6 / 3 / 1付近が最適である。
The mixing ratio of the carrier raw materials is preferably activated carbon 10 to 50 weight φ, potassium carbonate 5 to 15 weight φ, and the balance lime aluminate. In particular, it is optimal that the ratio of lime aluminate, activated carbon, and potassium carbonate is around 6/3/1. be.

白金とパラジウムを担体に担持させるには、公知の方法
を適用することができる。
A known method can be applied to support platinum and palladium on a carrier.

しかし、担持方法によって触媒活性は変わるので、次の
方法が好ましい。
However, since the catalyst activity varies depending on the supporting method, the following method is preferred.

即ち、塩化白金酸および塩化パラジウムの塩酸溶液の中
に担体を保持し、塩化物を担体上に含浸吸着させ、その
後に、還元当量の10倍に相当する量の水素化ホウ素ナ
トリウムを加えて、還元する方法であり、実施例ではこ
の方法を採った。
That is, a carrier is held in a hydrochloric acid solution of chloroplatinic acid and palladium chloride, chloride is impregnated and adsorbed onto the carrier, and then sodium borohydride is added in an amount equivalent to 10 times the reducing equivalent, This is a method of reduction, and this method was adopted in the examples.

この他含浸法として、アンモニア錯体の形で貴金属をイ
オン交換して担体させる方法でも同等の性能が得られる
ことを確認した。
In addition, it was confirmed that equivalent performance could be obtained by using an impregnation method in which precious metals are ion-exchanged and supported in the form of an ammonia complex.

次に具体例を説明する。Next, a specific example will be explained.

まず担体は、アルミナセメントと300メツシユのふる
いを通過する粒径の活性炭と炭酸カリウムとを重量比で
6/3/1の割合で混合したものから、6〜10メツシ
ユに造粒したものを用いた。
First, the carrier used is a mixture of alumina cement, activated carbon with a particle size that can pass through a 300-mesh sieve, and potassium carbonate in a weight ratio of 6/3/1, then granulated into 6 to 10 mesh. there was.

次に担体を塩化白金酸及び塩化パラジウムを含む塩酸酸
性水溶液に浸漬してこれら塩を担体に吸着させ、次いで
還元当量の10倍に相当する量の水素化ホウ素ナトリウ
ムを加えて還元した。
Next, the carrier was immersed in an acidic aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid containing chloroplatinic acid and palladium chloride to adsorb these salts onto the carrier, and then an amount of sodium borohydride corresponding to 10 times the reduction equivalent was added to reduce the carrier.

また鉄等の添加触媒については、それらの塩化物、一部
については硝酸塩を上記溶液に加え、白金及びパラジウ
ムと同時に担持させる方法を採った。
In addition, for added catalysts such as iron, a method was adopted in which their chlorides, and in some cases nitrates, were added to the solution and supported simultaneously with platinum and palladium.

なお銀のように塩素と結合して沈澱物を形成するものに
ついては、上記塩酸酸性溶液の代わりに、アンモニア錯
塩溶液を用いる方法を採った。
For materials such as silver that combine with chlorine to form precipitates, a method was adopted in which an ammonia complex salt solution was used instead of the above-mentioned hydrochloric acid acidic solution.

白金、パラジウム及びその他の添加金属の担体への担持
量は、溶液中の塩がすべて担体に吸着されたものとして
計算した値である。
The amount of platinum, palladium, and other additive metals supported on the carrier is a value calculated assuming that all the salts in the solution are adsorbed on the carrier.

触媒の活性試験は下記の方法により実施した。The catalyst activity test was carried out by the following method.

反応管には、通常の固定床流通型反応管を用いた。A normal fixed bed flow type reaction tube was used as the reaction tube.

−酸化炭素ガスは、110000ppで窒素バランスボ
ンベのガスを微量定量ポンプで送り、一定量の送気速度
の空気で希釈して、約100咽の入口濃度として試験し
た。
- Carbon oxide gas was tested at an inlet concentration of approximately 100 ppm by micrometering pumping the gas in a nitrogen balance cylinder at 110,000 ppm and diluting it with air at a constant rate of delivery.

またガス中の水分に関しては、恒温水槽に浸漬したバブ
ラーを用いて空気をバブリングさせ、調湿した。
Regarding moisture in the gas, the humidity was controlled by bubbling air using a bubbler immersed in a constant temperature water bath.

触媒充填層の温度は充填層流入空気を予熱することで、
充填層の一定温度を得るようにした。
The temperature of the catalyst packed bed can be adjusted by preheating the air flowing into the packed bed.
A constant temperature of the packed bed was obtained.

詳細な条件としては、ガス流量を4.017分、触媒充
填量を5. Ornlとし、温度25℃、相対湿度50
φとした。
The detailed conditions include a gas flow rate of 4.017 minutes and a catalyst filling amount of 5.01 minutes. Ornl, temperature 25℃, relative humidity 50
It was set as φ.

反応管の内径が15mmであるので、線速度(LV)は
33.2(crrL/分)、空間速度は48. OOO
(h−’)である。
Since the inner diameter of the reaction tube is 15 mm, the linear velocity (LV) is 33.2 (crrL/min) and the space velocity is 48. OOO
(h-').

触媒活性は以上の条件下での一酸化炭素転換率で評価し
た。
Catalytic activity was evaluated by carbon monoxide conversion rate under the above conditions.

その結果を表に示す。表の結果より明らかなように、■
族の遷移金属(Fe、Co、Ni)の添加によって触媒
活性が向上している。
The results are shown in the table. As is clear from the results in the table, ■
Catalytic activity is improved by the addition of group transition metals (Fe, Co, Ni).

とくにニッケルの添加効果が著しく、白金、パラジウム
の担持量が、それぞれ0.1重量φとなっているにも拘
らず、0.3重量%和持触媒と同等の触媒活性が得られ
ている。
In particular, the effect of adding nickel is remarkable, and even though the supported amounts of platinum and palladium are each 0.1 weight φ, a catalytic activity equivalent to that of a 0.3 weight % supported catalyst is obtained.

ニッケルの添加量を0.1重量饅から0.3重量饅まで
増やしても、触媒活性には余り変化がない。
Even if the amount of nickel added is increased from 0.1 weight rice cake to 0.3 weight rice cake, the catalyst activity does not change much.

これら遷移金属の効果について、これらの金属は、−酸
化炭素の酸化反応に助触媒的な作用をするとは考えられ
ず、また走査型電子顕微鏡により表面を観察しても、特
に貴金属の粒径あるいは分散状態などには変化が認めら
れないことから、貴金属の活性点密度という様な面で、
これらの金属が貴金属の結晶成長を抑制して、活性を向
上させるのではないかと考えられる。
Regarding the effects of these transition metals, it is not thought that these metals act as promoters in the oxidation reaction of -carbon oxide, and even if the surface is observed using a scanning electron microscope, the particle size or Since no change is observed in the dispersion state, etc., in terms of the active point density of the precious metal,
It is thought that these metals suppress the crystal growth of noble metals and improve their activity.

以上のように、本発明によれば、高価な白金及びパラジ
ウムの担持量が少なく、しかも高活性の触媒を得ること
ができる。
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a highly active catalyst with a small amount of expensive platinum and palladium supported.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 アルミン酸石灰と活性炭粉末及び炭酸カリウムを含
む硬化物よりなる担体に、白金及びパラジウムとともに
鉄、コバルト及びニッケルよりなる群から選んだ少なく
とも1種の金属を和持させたことを特徴とする一酸化炭
素酸化用触媒。
1. A carrier comprising a hardened material containing lime aluminate, activated carbon powder, and potassium carbonate, and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, and nickel as well as platinum and palladium. Catalyst for carbon oxide oxidation.
JP52148309A 1977-12-09 1977-12-09 Catalyst for carbon monoxide oxidation Expired JPS5845287B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP52148309A JPS5845287B2 (en) 1977-12-09 1977-12-09 Catalyst for carbon monoxide oxidation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP52148309A JPS5845287B2 (en) 1977-12-09 1977-12-09 Catalyst for carbon monoxide oxidation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5480292A JPS5480292A (en) 1979-06-26
JPS5845287B2 true JPS5845287B2 (en) 1983-10-08

Family

ID=15449897

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP52148309A Expired JPS5845287B2 (en) 1977-12-09 1977-12-09 Catalyst for carbon monoxide oxidation

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5845287B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6837828B2 (en) * 2016-12-26 2021-03-03 太陽化学株式会社 Low temperature oxidation catalyst
JP6886290B2 (en) * 2016-12-26 2021-06-16 太陽化学株式会社 Method for manufacturing low temperature oxidation catalyst

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5480292A (en) 1979-06-26

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