JPS584169B2 - Diesel engine pre-combustion chamber - Google Patents
Diesel engine pre-combustion chamberInfo
- Publication number
- JPS584169B2 JPS584169B2 JP55036512A JP3651280A JPS584169B2 JP S584169 B2 JPS584169 B2 JP S584169B2 JP 55036512 A JP55036512 A JP 55036512A JP 3651280 A JP3651280 A JP 3651280A JP S584169 B2 JPS584169 B2 JP S584169B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- combustion chamber
- chamber
- combustion
- diesel engine
- fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 55
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
- F02B19/14—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with compression ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明はディーゼル機関、特に少排気量のディーゼル機
関における燃焼性能、特に排気色の改善を目的とする。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to improve combustion performance, particularly exhaust color, in diesel engines, particularly small displacement diesel engines.
従来、一般に空気と燃料とを充分に混合させて完全燃焼
させるために主燃焼室とは別に予燃焼室を設けた所謂予
燃焼室式ディーゼル機関が知られており、例えば第１図
に示す従来例の場合はシリンダヘッド部材１０内に装着
した後室部材６と前室部材７に予燃焼室を形成している
。Conventionally, so-called pre-combustion chamber diesel engines have been known in which a pre-combustion chamber is provided separately from the main combustion chamber in order to sufficiently mix air and fuel for complete combustion.For example, the conventional diesel engine shown in FIG. In the case of this example, a pre-combustion chamber is formed in a rear chamber member 6 and a front chamber member 7 mounted within the cylinder head member 10.
該予燃焼室は予燃焼室後室１と予燃焼室前室４とから構
成され、さらに前記予燃焼室後室１は後室部材６に設け
た上部後室２および前室部材７に設けた下部後室３によ
り形成されている。The pre-combustion chamber is composed of a pre-combustion chamber rear chamber 1 and a pre-combustion chamber front chamber 4, and the pre-combustion chamber rear chamber 1 includes an upper rear chamber 2 provided in the rear chamber member 6 and an upper rear chamber 2 provided in the front chamber member 7. It is formed by a lower rear chamber 3.
また前記予燃焼室前室４は前記前室部材７に設けられこ
の予燃焼室前室４に連通する噴出口５は主燃焼室１３と
も連通している。The pre-combustion chamber front chamber 4 is provided in the front chamber member 7, and the jet port 5 communicating with the pre-combustion chamber front chamber 4 also communicates with the main combustion chamber 13.
この主燃焼１３２はシリンダヘッド１０、ピストン頂部
１１およびシリンダライナ１２により形成されている。This main combustion 132 is formed by the cylinder head 10, the piston top 11 and the cylinder liner 12.
また前記上部後室２に燃料噴射弁の燃料噴射口９を臨ま
しめられており、後室部材６と前室部材７との間にガス
ケット８を介在させている。Further, a fuel injection port 9 of a fuel injection valve is exposed to the upper rear chamber 2, and a gasket 8 is interposed between the rear chamber member 6 and the front chamber member 7.
また前記予燃焼室後室１の中心線１ｃに対し前室４の中
心線４ｃを若干偏心させており、また前記予燃焼室後室
１の中心線１ｃは予燃焼室内に渦流を生じさせるために
シリンダ軸線（図示せず）に対して約３０’傾斜させて
いる。In addition, the center line 4c of the front chamber 4 is slightly eccentric with respect to the center line 1c of the rear chamber 1 of the pre-combustion chamber, and the center line 1c of the rear chamber 1 of the pre-combustion chamber is set so as to generate a vortex in the pre-combustion chamber. The cylinder axis (not shown) is inclined approximately 30' relative to the cylinder axis (not shown).
１ しかしながら、第１図より理解できるように従来例
の予燃焼室後室１は略半球状の上部後室２と柱状の下部
後室３との接続部が平坦であるので燃料と空気との混合
が充分でなく、また、この種の燃焼室では上記渦流によ
り噴射燃料の一部が壁面側へ流され壁面への付着または
、その近傍に沿って噴口部へ流れることになり予燃焼室
径の小さい、また壁温の低い特に少排気量の機関では予
燃焼室が必然的に小さくなるために、その欠点が助長さ
れると言う問題があった。1. However, as can be understood from Fig. 1, in the pre-combustion chamber rear chamber 1 of the conventional example, the connecting part between the approximately hemispherical upper rear chamber 2 and the columnar lower rear chamber 3 is flat, so that the connection between fuel and air is difficult. Mixing is not sufficient, and in this type of combustion chamber, the vortex flow causes some of the injected fuel to flow toward the wall and adhere to the wall, or flow along the vicinity of the wall to the nozzle, resulting in a decrease in the precombustion chamber diameter. In particularly small displacement engines with small walls and low wall temperatures, the pre-combustion chamber is inevitably small, which exacerbates the problem.
本発明は上記の欠点を解消することを目的とするもので
あり、かかる目的は本発明により達成される。The present invention aims to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, and this purpose is achieved by the present invention.
すなわち，本発明のディーゼル機関の予燃焼室は噴出口
により主燃焼室に連通する前室と、該前室に隣接する後
室とから予燃焼室を形成するとともに、前記後室の内壁
面に、その円周方向に沿って凹部を設けたことを特徴と
する。That is, the pre-combustion chamber of the diesel engine of the present invention includes a front chamber that communicates with the main combustion chamber through the jet nozzle, and a rear chamber adjacent to the front chamber, and has a pre-combustion chamber formed on the inner wall surface of the rear chamber. , characterized in that a recess is provided along the circumferential direction.
以下、本発明の実施例を図面により説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第２図は本発明にかかるディーゼル機関の断面図であり
、上記下部後室３の上端部（開口部）に該下部後室３の
円周方向に沿って該下部後室３より径の大きい凹部１４
を設ける。FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the diesel engine according to the present invention, in which the upper end (opening) of the lower rear chamber 3 has a diameter larger than that of the lower rear chamber 3 along the circumferential direction of the lower rear chamber 3. Recess 14
will be established.
その他の部材については従来と同じ部材に同じ符号を付
けた。The other members are the same as in the conventional model and are given the same reference numerals.
前記凹部１４の設定箇所は上記の箇所に限定されず予燃
焼室後室１内であればよく、上記凹部１４の深さｈ（ｍ
ｍ）および幅ｗ（ｍｍ）とを考慮して予燃焼室の寸法あ
るいは形状等にあわせて最適に決定する。The setting location of the recess 14 is not limited to the above location, but may be within the pre-combustion chamber rear chamber 1, and the depth h (m) of the recess 14 is
m) and width w (mm), and is optimally determined according to the dimensions or shape of the pre-combustion chamber.
しかして、ピストン頂部１１がシリンダライナ１２内を
上昇するにしたがって主燃焼室１３内の空気の一部は噴
出口５から予燃焼室前室４を経て予燃焼室後室１内に流
れこみ予燃焼室後室１の内壁面に沿って矢印のように流
れる。As the piston top 11 rises within the cylinder liner 12, a portion of the air within the main combustion chamber 13 flows from the jet port 5 through the pre-combustion chamber front chamber 4 and into the pre-combustion chamber rear chamber 1. It flows along the inner wall surface of the rear combustion chamber 1 in the direction of the arrow.
他方、前記燃料噴射口９から噴霧された燃料の粒子は前
記予燃焼室後室１および予燃焼室前室４内の空気と混合
する。On the other hand, the fuel particles sprayed from the fuel injection port 9 mix with the air in the rear pre-combustion chamber 1 and the front pre-combustion chamber 4.
燃料の粒子の一部は予燃焼室後室１の内壁面に付着した
り、壁面に沿ったりするが、矢印で示した方向に流れる
気流により流され、前記凹部１４の箇所で予燃焼室後室
１の壁面から離れ矢印方向に旋回する空気と混合するよ
うになる。Some of the fuel particles adhere to or follow the inner wall surface of the rear chamber 1 of the pre-combustion chamber, but they are swept away by the airflow flowing in the direction shown by the arrow, and are removed from the rear of the pre-combustion chamber at the recessed portion 14. It comes to mix with the air that is moving away from the wall of the chamber 1 and swirling in the direction of the arrow.
このような空気と燃料の混合は短時間内に行う必要があ
り、また主室への未燃混合気の噴出燃料は遅れないよう
に速やかに前室および噴出口近くに集めなければならな
い。Such mixing of air and fuel needs to be done within a short time, and the unburnt mixture of fuel jetted into the main chamber must be quickly collected in the front chamber and near the jet nozzle so as not to be delayed.
上記のように、本発明は噴出口により主燃焼室に連通す
る前室と、該前室に隣接する後室とから予燃焼室を形成
するとともに、前記後室の内壁面に、その円周方向に沿
って凹部を設けたために予燃焼室後室１の内壁面に付着
した燃料の粒子が凹部１４の箇所から離脱して旋回して
いる空気と混合するようになり、従来に比して燃料の混
合率が向上するようになる。As described above, the present invention forms a precombustion chamber from a front chamber that communicates with the main combustion chamber through the jet nozzle and a rear chamber adjacent to the front chamber, and also includes a Because the recesses are provided along the direction, fuel particles adhering to the inner wall surface of the rear pre-combustion chamber 1 are separated from the recesses 14 and mixed with the swirling air, compared to the conventional method. Fuel mixture ratio will improve.
それゆえ、予燃焼室後室１の壁面に付着して燃焼不良ま
たは燃焼の遅れが防止され、その分燃焼効率が向上し、
排気色が向上するなどの効果が得られ、また、この効果
は燃料が壁面に付着しやすく，壁温の低い予燃焼室の絶
対寸法の小さい小型機関の場合に特に顕著である。Therefore, adhesion to the wall surface of the rear chamber 1 of the pre-combustion chamber prevents poor combustion or combustion delay, and improves combustion efficiency accordingly.
Effects such as improved exhaust color can be obtained, and this effect is particularly noticeable in small engines where fuel tends to adhere to the wall surface and the absolute size of the pre-combustion chamber is small and the wall temperature is low.
さらに、本発明の効果を実施例により説明する。Furthermore, the effects of the present invention will be explained by examples.
実施例
Ａ条件（機関回転速度２４００ｒｐｍ、噴射開始圧１
６ ０ Ｋｇ／ｃｍ、噴射時間ＦＩＣ：２３°ｂＴＤＣ
）と、Ｂ条件（機関回転速度２４００ｒｐｍ、噴射開始
圧１６０ｋｇ／ｃｍ’ ，噴射時間ＦＩＣ：２４°ｂＴ
ＤＣ）の二つの試験条件により従来の予燃焼室によるも
のと本発明の予燃焼室によるものとについて軸出力およ
び正味平均有効圧に対する排気温度と排気濃度指数およ
び燃料消費率について比較し、その結果を第３図（Ａ条
件）および第４図（Ｂ条件）に示した。Example A conditions (engine rotation speed 2400 rpm, injection start pressure 1
6 0 Kg/cm, injection time FIC: 23°bTDC
) and B conditions (engine rotation speed 2400 rpm, injection start pressure 160 kg/cm', injection time FIC: 24°bT
DC), the conventional pre-combustion chamber and the pre-combustion chamber of the present invention were compared in terms of exhaust temperature, exhaust concentration index, and fuel consumption rate with respect to shaft output and net average effective pressure, and the results were as follows: are shown in FIG. 3 (A condition) and FIG. 4 (B condition).
これらの図において実線は従来の予燃焼室による結果、
破線は本発明の予燃焼室による結果を示す。In these figures, the solid line is the result of the conventional pre-combustion chamber,
The dashed line shows the results with the pre-combustion chamber of the present invention.
いま排気濃度指数について考察するとＡ条件では軸出力
が７．５以上１１３以下のＰ ｅ 、 Ｐ ｓにおいて
本発明の予燃焼室の排気濃度指数が従来のものより特段
に低い値を示ししている。Considering the exhaust gas concentration index now, under condition A, the exhaust gas concentration index of the pre-combustion chamber of the present invention shows a value that is particularly lower than that of the conventional one at P e and P s where the shaft output is 7.5 or more and 113 or less. .
またＢ条件では軸出力が６以上１１５以下のＰｅ ，Ｐ
ｓにおいて本発明の予燃焼室の排気濃度指数が従来のも
のより極めて低い値を示ししている。In addition, in condition B, Pe, P where the shaft output is 6 or more and 115 or less
At s, the exhaust gas concentration index of the pre-combustion chamber of the present invention shows an extremely lower value than that of the conventional one.
さらに、燃料消費率について考察するとＡ条件の場合は
本発明のものと従来のものとの間に有意差はあまりない
がＢ条件の場合は軸出力が５以上のＰｅ，Ｐｓでは従来
のもののデータと比べて低いデータが得られている。Furthermore, considering the fuel consumption rate, in the case of A condition, there is not much significant difference between the one of the present invention and the conventional one, but in the case of B condition, the data of the conventional one for Pe and Ps where the shaft output is 5 or more. Low data is obtained compared to
以上の結果から本発明の予燃焼室を採用することにより
最も多用される範囲において、その排気濃度指数を大幅
に改善できることが判明した。From the above results, it has been found that by employing the pre-combustion chamber of the present invention, the exhaust gas concentration index can be significantly improved in the most frequently used range.
すなわち、公害防止対策の社会的ニーズである排気色を
著しく改善することができるのである。In other words, it is possible to significantly improve exhaust color, which is a social need for pollution prevention measures.
第１図は従来の予燃焼室の縦断面図、第２図は本発明の
予燃焼室の縦断面図、第３図および第４図は性能試験成
績比較図である。
１・・・・・・・・・予燃焼室後室、４・・・・・・・
・・予燃焼室前室、５・・・・・・・・・噴出口、６・
・・・・・・・・後室部材、７・・・・・・・・・前室
部材、１０・・・・・・・・・シリンダヘッド、１４・
・・・・・・・・凹部。FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional pre-combustion chamber, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a pre-combustion chamber of the present invention, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are performance test results comparison diagrams. 1...... Pre-combustion chamber rear chamber, 4...
・・Pre-combustion chamber front chamber, 5・・・・・・・Ejection port, 6・
......Rear chamber member, 7......Front chamber member, 10...Cylinder head, 14.
・・・・・・・・・Concavity.
Claims (1)
接する後室とから予燃焼室を形成するとともに、前記後
室の内壁面に、その円周方向に沿って凹部を設けたこと
を特徴とするディーゼル機関の予燃焼室。1. A pre-combustion chamber is formed from a front chamber that communicates with the main combustion chamber through the jet nozzle and a rear chamber adjacent to the front chamber, and a recess is provided in the inner wall surface of the rear chamber along its circumferential direction. The pre-combustion chamber of a diesel engine is characterized by:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55036512A JPS584169B2 (en) | 1980-03-21 | 1980-03-21 | Diesel engine pre-combustion chamber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55036512A JPS584169B2 (en) | 1980-03-21 | 1980-03-21 | Diesel engine pre-combustion chamber |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS55146227A JPS55146227A (en) | 1980-11-14 |
| JPS584169B2 true JPS584169B2 (en) | 1983-01-25 |
Family
ID=12471876
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55036512A Expired JPS584169B2 (en) | 1980-03-21 | 1980-03-21 | Diesel engine pre-combustion chamber |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS584169B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57164085U (en) * | 1981-04-13 | 1982-10-16 |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5218322Y2 (en) * | 1972-08-02 | 1977-04-25 | ||
| JPS5129102U (en) * | 1974-08-27 | 1976-03-02 |
-
1980
- 1980-03-21 JP JP55036512A patent/JPS584169B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS55146227A (en) | 1980-11-14 |
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