JPS5840408A - Combustor - Google Patents
CombustorInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5840408A JPS5840408A JP56138314A JP13831481A JPS5840408A JP S5840408 A JPS5840408 A JP S5840408A JP 56138314 A JP56138314 A JP 56138314A JP 13831481 A JP13831481 A JP 13831481A JP S5840408 A JPS5840408 A JP S5840408A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- combustor
- combustion
- fuel
- thermostat
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C13/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は燃焼器の改良に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to improvements in combustors.
ガスタービン燃焼器やジェットエンジン燃焼器では、燃
焼効率の向上とともに、燃料の燃焼に伴なって生ずる窒
素酸化物（ＮＯＸ） 、−酸化炭素（ＣＯ）、未燃炭化
水素（ＵＨＣ）等の生成量を抑制することが課題となっ
ている。In gas turbine combustors and jet engine combustors, as well as improving combustion efficiency, the amount of nitrogen oxides (NOX), -carbon oxides (CO), unburned hydrocarbons (UHC), etc. generated as a result of fuel combustion has been improved. The challenge is to suppress this.
第１図はこの種燃焼器（１００）の−例を示したもので
、 （１０１）はパイロット燃料ノズル、 （１０
２）は１次空気ノズル、（１０３）は主燃料ノズル、（
ｔｏ４）は触媒層、（１０５）は燃料処理域であり、ケ
ーシング（１０６）内に設けられている。Figure 1 shows an example of this type of combustor (100), where (101) is a pilot fuel nozzle, (10
2) is the primary air nozzle, (103) is the main fuel nozzle, (
to4) is a catalyst layer, and (105) is a fuel processing area, which is provided within the casing (106).
この燃焼器（１００）は、パイロット燃料ノズル（１０
１λから供給される燃料と、１次空気ノズル（１０２）
から供給される空気とを混合してまず燃焼させ、その後
流に設けられている主燃料ノズル（１０３）から供給さ
れる主燃料を燃料処理域（１０５）で蒸発混合させた後
触媒層（１０４）に流入させて燃焼させている。This combustor (100) has a pilot fuel nozzle (10
Fuel supplied from 1λ and primary air nozzle (102)
The main fuel supplied from the main fuel nozzle (103) provided downstream is evaporated and mixed in the fuel processing area (105), and then the catalyst layer (104) is mixed with air supplied from the main fuel nozzle (103). ) and burn it.
従って、このような燃焼法では、主燃料ノズル（１０３
）から燃料を供給したその佃域で燃料が拡散炎として燃
焼してしまい、燃料と空気が完全に混合した状態で触媒
層（１０４）で燃焼するための条件が非常に狭い欠点が
あった。そのためｃｏやＵＨＣをあまり軽減することが
できなかった。Therefore, in such a combustion method, the main fuel nozzle (103
) The fuel is combusted as a diffusion flame in the area where the fuel is supplied from the catalytic converter (104), and the conditions for combustion in the catalyst layer (104) in a completely mixed state of fuel and air are extremely narrow. Therefore, CO and UHC could not be reduced much.
第２図は従来の他の燃焼器（２００）を示したものであ
り、（２０１）は１次燃料ノズル、（２０２）は１次空
気ノズル、（２０３）は１次燃焼域、（２ｏ４ンは２次
燃料ノズル、 （２０５）は２次空気の流れ、（２ｏ
りは２次燃焼域、（２０７）は触媒層（２０８）はケー
シング、（２０９）は発火器を示している。Figure 2 shows another conventional combustor (200), where (201) is the primary fuel nozzle, (202) is the primary air nozzle, (203) is the primary combustion zone, and (204) is the primary combustion zone. is the secondary fuel nozzle, (205) is the secondary air flow, (2o
(207) is the catalyst layer (208) is the casing, and (209) is the igniter.
この燃焼器（２００）では、１次燃焼域（２０３）で１
次燃焼ノズル（２０１）からの１次燃料と１次空気ノズ
ル（２０２）からの１次空気とを混合させて燃焼させる
とともに、１次燃焼域（２０３）の周囲に設けた２次燃
焼域（２０−６）で２次燃料ノズル（２０４）からの２
次燃料と２次空気（２０５）とを混合した後これを触媒
層（２０７）に流入させてここで燃焼させている。In this combustor (200), 1
The primary fuel from the secondary combustion nozzle (201) and the primary air from the primary air nozzle (202) are mixed and combusted, and a secondary combustion area (203) is provided around the primary combustion area (203). 20-6) from the secondary fuel nozzle (204).
After mixing the secondary fuel and secondary air (205), it flows into the catalyst layer (207) where it is combusted.
従って、この燃焼法では、触媒層（２０７）の温度を２
次燃料と２次空気の混合比だけで調整することとなり、
可燃範囲が非常に狭（なるので、そのためＣＯやＵＨＣ
を十分軽減することができないという欠点があった。Therefore, in this combustion method, the temperature of the catalyst layer (207) is
Adjustment is made only by the mixture ratio of secondary fuel and secondary air,
The flammable range is very narrow (so CO and UHC
The disadvantage was that it was not possible to sufficiently reduce the
本発明は上述のような従来の欠点を除去するとともに、
低ＮＯｘ燃焼を実現するための超希薄予混合気の燃焼を
可能とすることを目的としてなされたものであり、以下
第３図ないし第５図を参照して本発明の一実施例を詳細
に説′明する。The present invention eliminates the conventional drawbacks as mentioned above, and
The purpose of this invention is to enable the combustion of an ultra-lean premixture in order to achieve low NOx combustion, and one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to Figures 3 to 5. explain.
第３図は本発明に係る燃焼器の一実施例の要部を示した
図であり、燃焼器本体（３０りの内部を図供給される。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the main parts of an embodiment of the combustor according to the present invention, and shows the inside of the combustor main body (30).
燃焼器本体（３０１）内にはカーボンファイバーやムラ
イトのような耐熱材料の充填構造体で構成された均温器
（３０４）が設けられ、更にこの均温器（３０４）と直
列的にかつ所定のスペースを保って触媒器（３０５）が
設けられている。A temperature equalizer (304) made of a structure filled with a heat-resistant material such as carbon fiber or mullite is provided in the combustor body (301), and a temperature equalizer (304) is provided in series with the temperature equalizer (304) and at a predetermined location. A catalytic converter (305) is provided with a space of .
そして、矢印（３０２）方向から供給される燃料と空気
は混合され、例えばバーナ燃焼等の方法によって燃焼さ
れ、燃焼ガスは図の右方（矢印（３０３）の方向）へ流
れ図示しないガスタービン等へ供給される。ところで均
温器（３０４）の手前（８部）での燃焼ガスの温度分布
を測定すると、第４図（ａ）に示すように、燃焼器本体
（３０１）の中心部の温度が高く、周辺部では低いとい
うように、不均一な温度分布となっている。しかし、均
温器（３０４）と触媒器（３０５）の中間部（ｂ部）に
おける温度分布は、第４図（ｂ）に示すように、均温器
（３０４）の熱伝導効果によって、燃焼器本体（３０１
）の中心部や周辺部もは輩同様の温度となり、この均一
な温度分布は触媒器（３０５）の後方（Ｃ部）でも第４
図（ｃ）に示すように均一となっている。Then, the fuel and air supplied from the direction of arrow (302) are mixed and burned by a method such as burner combustion, and the combustion gas flows to the right in the figure (in the direction of arrow (303)), such as a gas turbine (not shown), etc. supplied to By the way, when we measure the temperature distribution of the combustion gas in front of the temperature equalizer (304) (part 8), as shown in Figure 4(a), the temperature in the center of the combustor body (301) is high, and the temperature in the surrounding area is high. The temperature distribution is uneven, with the temperature being lower in some areas. However, as shown in FIG. 4(b), the temperature distribution at the intermediate part (b) between the temperature equalizer (304) and the catalytic converter (305) is affected by the heat conduction effect of the temperature equalizer (304). The main body (301
) The center and periphery of the catalytic converter (305) have a similar temperature, and this uniform temperature distribution is maintained even at the rear (part C) of the catalytic converter (305).
As shown in Figure (c), it is uniform.
次に、上記の各温度測定箇所に於ける燃焼ガス中のＮＯ
ｘ、 Ｃｏ、 ＵＨＣの量を測定すると、均温器（３
０４）には触媒作用がないため第５図のａ点、ｂ点に示
すように均温器（３０４）の前、後では組成は何ら変化
しない。しかし、触媒器（３０５）の後方では、触媒に
よって燃焼ガス中のＣＯやＵＨＣを酸化して炭酸ガス（
ＣＯ２）や水（Ｈ２Ｏ）にするため、第５図のＣ点に示
すようにＣＯやＴＪＨＣの量が大幅に減少する。Next, NO in the combustion gas at each temperature measurement point above
After measuring the amounts of x, Co, and UHC,
Since 04) has no catalytic action, its composition does not change at all before and after the temperature soaker (304), as shown at points a and b in FIG. However, behind the catalyst (305), the catalyst oxidizes CO and UHC in the combustion gas to produce carbon dioxide (
CO2) and water (H2O), the amounts of CO and TJHC are significantly reduced, as shown at point C in Figure 5.
なお触媒器（３０５）は一般に高温、耐久性にとぼしく
、局部的に高温になるとその部分での触媒作用が有効に
発揮されないことになるが、本発明では触媒器（３０５
）の前に均温器（３０４）を設けて、燃焼ガス温度の分
布を均一化させているので、触媒器（３０５）が極めて
有効に作用することができる。Note that the catalytic converter (305) generally has poor durability at high temperatures, and if the temperature locally becomes high, the catalytic action in that area will not be effectively exerted; however, in the present invention, the catalytic converter (305)
) is provided in front of the catalytic converter (304) to even out the combustion gas temperature distribution, so that the catalytic converter (305) can function extremely effectively.
上述のように本発明によれば、均温器と触媒を組み合せ
て使うことによって、ＣＯやＵＨＣの発生を大幅に減少
することができる。従って、 ＮＯｘの発生を軽減する
ための超希薄予混合気による燃焼を可能とすることがで
き、ガスタービン燃焼器やジェットエンジン燃焼器等の
燃焼効率の向上に大きく寄与することができる。As described above, according to the present invention, the generation of CO and UHC can be significantly reduced by using a temperature equalizer and a catalyst in combination. Therefore, it is possible to perform combustion using an ultra-lean premixture to reduce the generation of NOx, and this can greatly contribute to improving the combustion efficiency of gas turbine combustors, jet engine combustors, and the like.
なお本発明は上述の一実施例に限定されることなく、要
旨を逸脱しない範囲内で種々変形して実施できることは
云うまでもない。例えば、燃焼器本体（３０りとして円
筒状のものを示したが、これは適宜形状のものが採用で
き、その形状に合わせて均温器や触媒器を設ければよい
。It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, but can be implemented with various modifications without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, although a cylindrical combustor body is shown as the combustor main body (30), it may be of any suitable shape, and a temperature equalizer or catalyst may be provided in accordance with the shape.
第１図及び第２図は従来の燃焼器を示した断面図、第３
図は本発明に係る燃焼器の一実施例の要部を示した図、
第４図は本発明に係る燃焼器における各部の温度分布を
示す図、第５図は各温度測定箇所におけるＣＯ，ＵＨｏ
ｌＮｏｘの量を示す図である。
（３０１）・・燃焼器本体、（３０４）・・均温器、（
３０５）・・触媒器。Figures 1 and 2 are cross-sectional views showing a conventional combustor;
The figure shows a main part of an embodiment of a combustor according to the present invention,
Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the temperature distribution of each part in the combustor according to the present invention, and Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the temperature distribution of CO, UHo at each temperature measurement point.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the amount of lNox. (301)...Combustor body, (304)...Temperature equalizer, (
305)...Catalyst.
Claims (1)
媒によって軽減させるようにした燃焼器において、燃焼
ガス流路に設けられる触媒器の前方ニ若干のスペースを
置いて耐熱材料から成り流路中の燃焼ガス温度分布を均
一化させるための均温器を設けたことを特徴さする燃焼
器。In a combustor that uses a catalyst to reduce oxides, etc. in the combustion gas produced as a result of fuel combustion, a combustor made of heat-resistant material is placed in front of the catalytic converter installed in the combustion gas flow path. A combustor characterized by being equipped with a temperature equalizer to equalize the temperature distribution of combustion gas in a flow path.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56138314A JPS5840408A (en) | 1981-09-04 | 1981-09-04 | Combustor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56138314A JPS5840408A (en) | 1981-09-04 | 1981-09-04 | Combustor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5840408A true JPS5840408A (en) | 1983-03-09 |
Family
ID=15218990
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56138314A Pending JPS5840408A (en) | 1981-09-04 | 1981-09-04 | Combustor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5840408A (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5111721A (en) * | 1974-07-18 | 1976-01-30 | Sagami Chem Res | TORIARUKOKISHISHIRANNO SEIZOHOHO |
| JPS5351321A (en) * | 1976-10-19 | 1978-05-10 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Gas turbine generator |
| JPS5432050U (en) * | 1977-08-05 | 1979-03-02 | ||
| JPS5519999A (en) * | 1978-07-27 | 1980-02-13 | Schmidt Gmbh Karl | Fluiddcooled piston for internal combustion engine |
-
1981
- 1981-09-04 JP JP56138314A patent/JPS5840408A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5111721A (en) * | 1974-07-18 | 1976-01-30 | Sagami Chem Res | TORIARUKOKISHISHIRANNO SEIZOHOHO |
| JPS5351321A (en) * | 1976-10-19 | 1978-05-10 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Gas turbine generator |
| JPS5432050U (en) * | 1977-08-05 | 1979-03-02 | ||
| JPS5519999A (en) * | 1978-07-27 | 1980-02-13 | Schmidt Gmbh Karl | Fluiddcooled piston for internal combustion engine |
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