JP3197103B2 - Premixed air combustion method - Google Patents

Premixed air combustion method

Info

Publication number
JP3197103B2
JP3197103B2 JP07294893A JP7294893A JP3197103B2 JP 3197103 B2 JP3197103 B2 JP 3197103B2 JP 07294893 A JP07294893 A JP 07294893A JP 7294893 A JP7294893 A JP 7294893A JP 3197103 B2 JP3197103 B2 JP 3197103B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
gas
premixed gas
premixed
combustion
flame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP07294893A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH06257750A (en
Inventor
重実 萬代
克則 田中
亘男 佐藤
聡 谷村
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority to JP07294893A priority Critical patent/JP3197103B2/en
Priority to EP94908507A priority patent/EP0643267B1/en
Priority to DE69419679T priority patent/DE69419679T2/en
Priority to CA002134893A priority patent/CA2134893C/en
Priority to PCT/JP1994/000363 priority patent/WO1994020793A1/en
Publication of JPH06257750A publication Critical patent/JPH06257750A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3197103B2 publication Critical patent/JP3197103B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F23R3/286—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply having fuel-air premixing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
    • F23L7/002—Supplying water
    • F23L7/005—Evaporated water; Steam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
    • F23R3/10—Air inlet arrangements for primary air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2210/00—Noise abatement

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は低ＮＯｘ燃焼を達成する
ための燃料・空気予混合気ノズルを有する燃焼器におけ
る予混合気の燃焼方法に関し、ガスタービン燃焼器、ボ
イラ、化学工業炉などの燃焼器に適用することができ
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for combusting a premixed gas in a combustor having a fuel / air premixed gas nozzle for achieving low NOx combustion, and relates to a gas turbine combustor, a boiler, a chemical industrial furnace and the like. Applicable to combustors.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】ガスタービン燃焼器などにおいて、燃焼
器排ガスの低ＮＯｘ化のため、最近では燃料と燃焼用空
気とを予め混合させ、この予混合気を希薄燃焼させると
いう方法が一般的に採用されている。この予混合気の燃
焼方法によれば、燃料濃度の不均一な領域がなくなるた
め局所的に高温に燃焼する領域がなくなり、発生ＮＯｘ
を大幅に低減することができるのである。2. Description of the Related Art In a gas turbine combustor or the like, a method of mixing fuel and combustion air in advance and lean-burning the premixed air has been generally adopted in order to reduce NOx in combustor exhaust gas. Have been. According to this premixed gas combustion method, there is no region where the fuel concentration is not uniform, so there is no region where the fuel is locally burned to a high temperature.
Can be greatly reduced.

【０００３】図３は従来の予混合気の燃焼方式によるバ
ーナの一部を例示したもので、図中、参照符号１は予混
合ノズル、２は予混合気、３は保炎器、４は火炎、６は
循環又は滞留高温ガス、６はパイロットノズル、７はパ
イロット燃料を示している。FIG. 3 illustrates a part of a conventional burner using a premixed gas combustion system. In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes a premixed nozzle, 2 denotes a premixed gas, 3 denotes a flame stabilizer, and 4 denotes a flame stabilizer. The flame, 6 indicates a circulating or retained hot gas, 6 indicates a pilot nozzle, and 7 indicates pilot fuel.

【０００４】予混合ノズル１から燃焼器内へ噴出された
予混合気２は燃焼しながら保炎器３を巻くようにしてそ
の後流側に保炎のための循環高温ガス５を形成する。The premixed gas 2 jetted from the premixing nozzle 1 into the combustor is wound around the flame stabilizer 3 while burning, and forms a circulating high-temperature gas 5 for flame holding on the downstream side thereafter.

【０００５】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、このような
予混合気の燃焼方法において、予混合気の燃焼速度は予
混合気温度が高いほど、予混合気中の燃料濃度が大きい
ほど高いという作用があり、特に、燃料濃度はこれによ
る燃焼速度を著しく変化させる。この燃焼速度の変化は
火炎長を変化させることになり、ひいては燃焼振動の発
生原因となる。By the way, in such a method for burning a premixed gas, the combustion speed of the premixed gas increases as the temperature of the premixed gas increases and the fuel concentration in the premixed gas increases. In particular, the fuel concentration significantly changes the combustion rate. This change in the burning speed changes the flame length, and eventually causes combustion oscillation.

【０００６】本発明は上記問題点を解決するためになさ
れたもので、予混合気の燃料濃度の変化による燃焼振動
が発生しにくい予混合気の燃焼方法を提供することを目
的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method of burning a premixed gas in which combustion oscillation due to a change in the fuel concentration of the premixed gas is unlikely to occur.

【０００７】[0007]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的に対し、本発明
によれば、低ＮＯｘを達成するための燃料・空気予混合
ノズルを有した燃焼器による予混合気の燃焼方法におい
て、予混合ノズルから噴射して形成される予混合気層
と、予混合気の流路が急拡大する予混合ノズル出口部の
下流域にて循環又は滞留する高温ガスとの間に、燃料を
含まない中性流体を保炎器の内壁面に沿って流出させる
ことによって供給することを特徴とする予混合気の燃焼
方法が提供される。According to the present invention, there is provided a method for burning a premixed gas by a combustor having a fuel / air premixing nozzle for achieving low NOx. neutral free and pre-mixture layer formed by spraying, between the hot gas circulating or staying at the lower reaches of the premixing nozzle outlet flow path of the premixed gas is rapidly expanding, fuel from Allow fluid to flow along the inner wall of the flame stabilizer
Combustion method of premixed gas and supplying by is provided.

【０００８】[0008]

【作用】上述の手段によれば、予混合気層と高温ガスと
の間に中性流体を保炎器の内壁面に沿って流出させるこ
とによって供給することにより、高温ガスから直接予混
合気に火炎伝播することがなく、高温ガスと中性流体と
の混合拡散により中温ガスを生成し、その後、この中温
ガスと予混合気との混合拡散により予混合気が燃焼する
ことになる。すなわち、従来の予混合火炎のように火炎
伝播することがなく、混合拡散が律速となった燃焼とな
る。According to the above-mentioned means, a neutral fluid can be discharged between the premixed gas layer and the hot gas along the inner wall surface of the flame stabilizer.
By supplying the and, without having to flame propagation directly premixed gas from the hot gas to produce an intermediate temperature gas by mixing the diffusion of the hot gas and the neutral fluid, then between the intermediate temperature gas and the premixed gas The premixed gas burns due to the mixture diffusion. In other words, the flame does not propagate as in the case of the conventional premixed flame, and combustion is performed in which mixing and diffusion are rate-determined.

【０００９】[0009]

【実施例】図１は本発明による方法を実施したバーナの
一例を示しており、図中、図３に示したものと同一の部
分については同一の符号を付してその詳細な説明は省略
する。FIG. 1 shows an example of a burner in which the method according to the present invention is carried out. In the figure, the same parts as those shown in FIG. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. I do.

【００１０】図１によれば、予混合ノズル１とパイロッ
トノズル６との間に中性流体８を供給するための通路が
形成されており、その燃焼室内への中性流体８の噴出口
は中性流体８を保炎器３の内壁面に沿って流出させるよ
うに構成されている。中性流体８は燃料を含まない流体
であって、本願発明では空気を用いる。According to FIG. 1, a passage for supplying a neutral fluid 8 is formed between the premixing nozzle 1 and the pilot nozzle 6, and an outlet of the neutral fluid 8 into the combustion chamber is provided. The neutral fluid 8 is configured to flow out along the inner wall surface of the flame stabilizer 3. The neutral fluid 8 is a fluid containing no fuel, and air is used in the present invention .

【００１１】図１の構成によれば、予混合ノズル１から
噴出した予混合気２の層と循環高温ガス５との間に中性
流体を供給するようにしたので、予混合ノズル１から噴
出した予混合気２と高温ガス５とが直接接触することが
なくなる。中性流体８はまず高温ガス５と混合して中温
ガスを生成し、その後方にてこの中温ガスは予混合気２
と混合して火炎４を形成する。According to the structure shown in FIG. 1, a neutral fluid is supplied between the layer of the premixed gas 2 jetted from the premixing nozzle 1 and the circulating high-temperature gas 5, so that the jetting from the premixing nozzle 1 is performed. The premixed gas 2 and the hot gas 5 no longer come into direct contact. The neutral fluid 8 first mixes with the high temperature gas 5 to generate a medium temperature gas, and behind this, the medium temperature gas is mixed with the premixed gas 2.
To form a flame 4.

【００１２】つまり、高温ガス５と予混合ノズル１から
供給された予混合気２とが直接触れることがないので、
従来のような高温ガス５から予混合気２へ直接火炎伝播
し、十分に拡散していない予混合気が強制的に燃焼させ
られることがない。すなわち、中性流体８によって高温
ガス５から隔てられた予混合気２は拡散律速の燃焼をす
ることができるため、主火炎が長い燃焼となる。このこ
とは、発熱率の分散ができ、燃焼振動を防止することが
できる。That is, since the high-temperature gas 5 and the premixed gas 2 supplied from the premixing nozzle 1 do not directly touch each other,
The flame is directly propagated from the high-temperature gas 5 to the premixed gas 2 as in the prior art, and the premixed gas that is not sufficiently diffused is not forcibly burned. That is, the premixed gas 2 separated from the high-temperature gas 5 by the neutral fluid 8 can perform diffusion-controlled combustion, so that the main flame becomes long combustion. This can disperse the heat generation rate and prevent combustion oscillation.

【００１３】図２は本発明方法によるバーナと従来のバ
ーナとをそれぞれ使用して燃焼させたときの燃焼振動の
状態を示したグラフである。グラフの縦軸は燃焼振動の
目安となる燃焼器の内圧変動を示し、横軸はパイロット
（拡散火炎用のパイロット燃料７）の比率を示したもの
で、パイロット比率の大小に拘らず本発明の中性流体あ
りの方が従来の中性流体なしの場合よりも圧力変動比が
小さい、つまり、燃焼振動が小さいことを示しており、
本発明による効果を裏付けている。FIG. 2 is a graph showing the state of combustion oscillation when burning is performed using a burner according to the method of the present invention and a conventional burner, respectively. The vertical axis of the graph indicates the internal pressure fluctuation of the combustor, which is a measure of combustion oscillation, and the horizontal axis indicates the ratio of the pilot (pilot fuel 7 for diffusion flame), regardless of the pilot ratio. The pressure fluctuation ratio is smaller in the presence of neutral fluid than in the case without conventional neutral fluid, that is, the combustion oscillation is smaller,
This confirms the effect of the present invention.

【００１４】また、本発明は、図１のようなバーナ形状
に限られるものではなく、循環流の生じる燃焼器におい
て、その循環流と予混合気との間に中性流体を供給する
ものを全て含み、たとえば様々な保炎板を有するものや
流路が急拡大する部分で循環流又は澱み点が生じるもの
等に適用することができる。Further, the present invention is not limited to the burner shape as shown in FIG. 1, but provides a combustor having a circulating flow for supplying a neutral fluid between the circulating flow and the premixed gas. The present invention can be applied to, for example, those having various flame holding plates, those having a circulating flow or a stagnation point in a portion where a flow path is rapidly expanded, and the like.

【００１５】[0015]

【発明の効果】本発明によれば、通常の予混合火炎のよ
うに火炎伝播で燃焼せずに混合拡散律速で燃焼するた
め、予混合気の燃料濃度の影響の小さな燃焼が可能とな
る。According to the present invention, since the combustion is performed by the mixture diffusion control without burning by the flame propagation as in the case of a normal premixed flame, the combustion which is less affected by the fuel concentration of the premixed gas can be performed.

【００１６】また、高温ガスと中性流体とが混合して中
温ガスとなった後、予混合気と混合するため、この混合
領域での火炎温度が低く、この領域でのＮＯｘの発生は
極めて少ない。Further, after the high-temperature gas and the neutral fluid are mixed into a medium-temperature gas and then mixed with the pre-mixed gas, the flame temperature in this mixing region is low, and the generation of NOx in this region is extremely low. Few.

【００１７】さらに、拡散律速の燃焼とすることができ
るため、主火炎が長く、発熱率が分散できるため、燃焼
振動を防止することができる。Further, since combustion can be controlled by diffusion, the main flame is long and the heat generation rate can be dispersed, so that combustion oscillation can be prevented.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図１】本発明による燃焼方法の適用例を示したバーナ
の概略説明図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of a burner showing an application example of a combustion method according to the present invention.

【図２】本発明方法による効果を示した実験データのグ
ラフである。FIG. 2 is a graph of experimental data showing the effect of the method of the present invention.

【図３】従来の予混合燃焼方法によるバーナの概略説明
図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view of a burner according to a conventional premix combustion method.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１ 予混合ノズル ２ 予混合気 ３ 保炎器 ４ 火炎 ５ 高温ガス ８ 中性流体 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Premixing nozzle 2 Premixed gas 3 Flame holder 4 Flame 5 Hot gas 8 Neutral fluid

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 谷村 聡 兵庫県高砂市荒井町新浜二丁目１番１号 三菱重工業株式会社 高砂研究所内 (56)参考文献 実開 昭56−89509（ＪＰ，Ｕ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) F02C 3/30 F23C 11/00 F23R 3/00 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Satoshi Tanimura 2-1-1, Shinhama, Arai-machi, Takasago-shi, Hyogo Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Inside the Takasago Research Laboratory 58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) F02C 3/30 F23C 11/00 F23R 3/00

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項１】 低ＮＯｘを達成するための燃料・空気予
混合ノズルを有した燃焼器による予混合気の燃焼方法に
おいて、予混合ノズルから噴射して形成される予混合気
層と、予混合気の流路が急拡大する予混合ノズル出口部
の下流域にて循環又は滞留する高温ガスとの間に、燃料
を含まない中性流体を保炎器の内壁面に沿って流出させ
ることによって供給することを特徴とする予混合気の燃
焼方法。In a combustion method of a premixed gas by a combustor having a fuel / air premixing nozzle for achieving low NOx, a premixed gas layer formed by injection from a premixing nozzle is provided. A neutral fluid containing no fuel flows out along the inner wall surface of the flame stabilizer between the hot gas circulating or stagnating in the downstream area of the premixing nozzle outlet where the gas flow path rapidly expands.
A method for burning a premixed gas, characterized in that the method comprises supplying the premixed gas.
JP07294893A 1993-03-08 1993-03-08 Premixed air combustion method Expired - Fee Related JP3197103B2 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP07294893A JP3197103B2 (en) 1993-03-08 1993-03-08 Premixed air combustion method
EP94908507A EP0643267B1 (en) 1993-03-08 1994-03-08 Premixed gas burning method and combustor
DE69419679T DE69419679T2 (en) 1993-03-08 1994-03-08 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COMBUSTION OF PRE-MIXED GAS
CA002134893A CA2134893C (en) 1993-03-08 1994-03-08 Method and combustor for the combustion of a premixed gas
PCT/JP1994/000363 WO1994020793A1 (en) 1993-03-08 1994-03-08 Premixed gas burning method and combustor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP07294893A JP3197103B2 (en) 1993-03-08 1993-03-08 Premixed air combustion method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH06257750A JPH06257750A (en) 1994-09-16
JP3197103B2 true JP3197103B2 (en) 2001-08-13

Family

ID=13504120

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP07294893A Expired - Fee Related JP3197103B2 (en) 1993-03-08 1993-03-08 Premixed air combustion method

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0643267B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3197103B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2134893C (en)
DE (1) DE69419679T2 (en)
WO (1) WO1994020793A1 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105953219A (en) * 2016-06-21 2016-09-21 上海齐耀热能工程有限公司 Flameless combustion device
CN105953219B (en) * 2016-06-21 2018-01-16 上海齐耀热能工程有限公司 Flameless combustion apparatus

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CA2134893C (en) 1999-09-07
EP0643267B1 (en) 1999-07-28
DE69419679D1 (en) 1999-09-02
WO1994020793A1 (en) 1994-09-15
JPH06257750A (en) 1994-09-16
EP0643267A1 (en) 1995-03-15
CA2134893A1 (en) 1994-09-15
EP0643267A4 (en) 1996-03-27
DE69419679T2 (en) 2000-03-02

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