JPS5839777B2 - Molten glass manufacturing method and melting furnace therefor - Google Patents
Molten glass manufacturing method and melting furnace thereforInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5839777B2 JPS5839777B2 JP50021465A JP2146575A JPS5839777B2 JP S5839777 B2 JPS5839777 B2 JP S5839777B2 JP 50021465 A JP50021465 A JP 50021465A JP 2146575 A JP2146575 A JP 2146575A JP S5839777 B2 JPS5839777 B2 JP S5839777B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- melting
- flow
- barrier
- furnace
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/18—Stirring devices; Homogenisation
- C03B5/187—Stirring devices; Homogenisation with moving elements
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、溶融ガラスの製造方法およびこれに用いるガ
ラス溶融炉、特にプレートガラス製造用の溶解炉に関す
るものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing molten glass and a glass melting furnace used therein, particularly a melting furnace for producing plate glass.
この種の既知の溶融炉は、主として２つの部分、即ち、
溶解（ｍｅｔｉｎｇ ）および清澄（ｒｅｆｉｎｉｎｇ
）のための高温上流領域と１．ガラス調整
（ｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｉｎｇ ）のための低温下流領域
とを本質的に含んでいる。Known melting furnaces of this type mainly consist of two parts, namely:
Melting and refining
) and a high temperature upstream region for 1. and a low temperature downstream region for glass conditioning.
この高温上流領域で、ガラス組成物を形成する原料が導
入され、バーナ等の加熱装置で溶解され、さらには清澄
される。In this high-temperature upstream region, raw materials forming the glass composition are introduced, melted by a heating device such as a burner, and further refined.
この溶解及び清澄領域は単に溶解領域とも称される。This melting and clarifying zone is also simply referred to as the melting zone.
また、前記低温下流領域では、ガラスの温度がここから
ガラスを取り出して次の製造工程（通常は作業（ｗｏｒ
ｋｉｎｇ ）部）へ送られるのに適当な、均一な温度に
下げられる。In addition, in the low-temperature downstream region, the temperature of the glass is low enough for the glass to be taken out from here for the next manufacturing process (usually a work
The temperature is then lowered to a uniform temperature suitable for being sent to the King's Department).
この領域は調整領域として知られている。This area is known as the adjustment area.
即ち、ガラスは溶解、清澄、調整、作業の各領域を順に
通過する。That is, the glass passes through melting, fining, conditioning, and working areas in sequence.
温度差が原因で炉内に対流が発生し、また炉からガラス
を取り出すので、ガラスは多かれ少なかれかきまぜ作用
を受ける。Due to the temperature difference, convection currents occur in the furnace, and as the glass is removed from the furnace, it is subjected to a more or less agitating action.
特に、調整領域には、ガラス浴の高さの上側約３分の１
を占め下流方向に移動する流れ（前方流）と、浴の高さ
の下側３分の２を占める後方流とが形成される。In particular, the adjustment area includes approximately the upper third of the height of the glass bath.
A flow (front flow) that occupies the bath and moves in the downstream direction, and a back flow that occupies the lower two-thirds of the height of the bath are formed.
調整領域に横切らせて適当な位置に浮遊形または固定形
の機械的または熱的障壁を配置し、この障壁をはＸ炉の
幅全体に亘って延在させ、ガラス浴を２区域に分離し、
特にガラスの流れを表面で停止させ、低温のガラスを取
り出すことが知られている。A floating or fixed mechanical or thermal barrier is placed at a suitable location across the conditioning area, extending across the width of the X-furnace and separating the glass bath into two zones. ,
In particular, it is known to stop the flow of glass at the surface and take out the glass at a low temperature.
さらに、ガラスの流れを浴の所定深さの位置に設けた開
口に通過させること、また前方流を攪拌器で混合し、こ
の前方流を壁によって後方流から機械的に分離してガラ
スのこれら２つの流れが互に混り合うのを防止すること
も既知である。Additionally, the flow of glass is passed through an opening at a predetermined depth in the bath, the forward flow is mixed with an agitator, and this forward flow is mechanically separated from the backward flow by a wall to separate the glass from the back flow. It is also known to prevent two streams from mixing with each other.
この方法は、上流と下流とを分離する壁が著しく腐食さ
れ、また溶融ガラス浴内で修復を行うのが困難なので、
実施するのが困難である。This method is difficult because the wall separating upstream and downstream is severely corroded and is difficult to repair in the molten glass bath.
Difficult to implement.
本発明者らは、炉の幅の中央部分のみに作用する障壁の
作用によって、前方流のある所定流れ部分を反転させて
これらをその下側の後方流により吸収するとともに溶解
領域に向けて導びき、この際側方の流れに炉から所望排
出速度のガラスを供給するのに十分な幅に亘って自由な
通路を与え得るようにすることによって、ガラスの品質
を改善できることを見出した。By the action of a barrier acting only in the central part of the width of the furnace, we have reversed certain flow sections of the forward flow so that they are absorbed by the rear flow below and directed towards the melting zone. It has been found that the quality of the glass can be improved by allowing the lateral streams to have a free path of sufficient width to feed the glass at the desired rate of discharge from the furnace.
本発明の方法によれば、炉内で溶融ガラスを製造するに
あたり、ガラス成分を溶解領域で溶解及び清澄し、溶融
ガラスを隣接する調整領域を経て流し、ガラスの上表面
に隣接するガラスの前方流を融解領域から調整領域への
向きに流すとともに、この前方流の下側のガラスの後方
流を反対方向に流し、上記前方流の中央部分を転換させ
てこの部分が上記後方流により捕捉され溶解領域の方へ
戻されるようにし、上記中央部分に隣接する前方流の側
方部分を転換することなく流れ続げさせる。According to the method of the present invention, in producing molten glass in a furnace, the glass components are melted and refined in a melting zone, the molten glass is flowed through an adjacent conditioning zone, and the front surface of the glass adjacent to the upper surface of the glass is Directing the flow from the melting zone to the conditioning zone, and flowing the backward flow of the glass below this forward flow in the opposite direction, diverting a central portion of the forward flow so that this portion is captured by the backward flow. The lateral portions of the forward flow adjacent to the central portion continue to flow without being diverted.
本発明の溶解炉は、溶解領域および調整領域を具え、こ
の炉にガラスの上方の前方流の中央部分のみを転換して
この部分を前方流の下側のガラスの後方流中に捕捉し得
るようにするための障壁（ブーム又はバリヤー）を配置
し、該障壁をガラスが炉内の平常レベルに存在する場合
に溶融ガラスの上方部分中に延在する懸垂された素子を
もって構成する。The melting furnace of the present invention includes a melting zone and a conditioning zone that allows the furnace to divert only a central portion of the forward flow above the glass and capture this portion in the back flow of glass below the forward flow. A barrier (boom or barrier) is disposed to prevent this from occurring, the barrier being constructed with a suspended element that extends into the upper portion of the molten glass when the glass is at normal level in the furnace.
障壁のガラスの流れ方向における位置は重要である。The position of the barrier in the glass flow direction is important.
実際上、溶解によりガラス粒子のある程度の失透が低温
の素子と接触した障壁の下側で生じる可能性があり、ま
た浴の下流部分の温度は、結晶粒子が炉から出るより前
にこれら粒子をがこむガラス材料中で完全に再溶解する
期間を得るのに十分なものとすることが望ましい。In practice, some degree of devitrification of the glass particles due to melting can occur below the barrier in contact with the cold element, and the temperature in the downstream part of the bath is such that the crystal particles It is desirable that the period be sufficient to allow complete remelting in the containing glass material.
他方、障壁に隣接するガラスの粘度は重要な役割を果す
。On the other hand, the viscosity of the glass adjacent to the barrier plays an important role.
この障壁の流体力学的作用が最大の効果を発揮し得るよ
うにするためには、この粘度が１０２°５ポイズの値を
越えないようにする必要がある。In order for the hydrodynamic action of this barrier to be maximally effective, it is necessary that this viscosity does not exceed a value of 102°5 poise.
従って、本発明に係わる障壁の効率は、工業ガラスに通
常使用される組成物について、ガラスの温度が１３００
℃より実質的に低くない場合に特に良好である。Therefore, the efficiency of the barrier according to the invention is such that, for compositions commonly used in industrial glasses, the temperature of the glass is 1300
It is particularly good if the temperature is not substantially lower than °C.
この結果、障壁を高温の溶解領域から遠くないところに
配置することができるが、このことは浴のこの部分の温
度が高いので実現が困難である。As a result, the barrier can be placed not far from the hot melting region, which is difficult to achieve due to the high temperature in this part of the bath.
障壁は炉の幅の中間部分に、原則として軸対称に配置す
る。The barrier is placed in the middle part of the width of the furnace, as a rule, axially symmetrically.
しかし、最良の位置は実験的に決定する必要がある。However, the best location needs to be determined experimentally.
前方流の側方流れまたは後方流に間接的作用が生じるの
を防止するために、障壁を炉の天井を横断する部材によ
って懸垂された素子をもって構成するのが好適である。In order to prevent indirect effects on the lateral or rearward flow of the forward flow, it is preferred to construct the barrier with elements suspended by members across the roof of the furnace.
障壁が炉を横切る長さは炉内の位置に依存し、流れを転
換するのが望ましい流れ幅に一致する。The length that the barrier crosses the furnace depends on its location within the furnace and corresponds to the flow width over which it is desired to divert the flow.
本発明においては、障壁の幅を浴の幅の１／４〜２／３
、好ましくは１７２〜１／３とする。In the present invention, the width of the barrier is set to 1/4 to 2/3 of the width of the bath.
, preferably 172 to 1/3.
障壁の深さおよび所望に応じて温度を適当に制御して、
前方流の所望の流れ部分を障壁素子に対し直角に反転さ
せて後方流により捕捉されるようにすることができる。By appropriately controlling the depth of the barrier and the temperature as desired,
A desired flow portion of the forward flow can be reversed at right angles to the barrier element so that it is captured by the backward flow.
必要な浸漬深さは浴中のガラスの高さの１１５〜１／２
である。The required immersion depth is 115 to 1/2 the height of the glass in the bath.
It is.
障壁の中間部分をその端部より深く位置させることがで
き、従って炉の横断面で見て障壁の下方輪郭を凸状とす
ることができる。The middle part of the barrier can be located deeper than its ends, so that the lower profile of the barrier can be convex when viewed in cross section of the furnace.
障壁を同時に不連続な障害物として作用する各別の素子
よりなり、これら素子をかこむガラス材料に熱作用を与
える障壁とすれば、本発明の工程の制御を容易にするこ
とができ、この場合、最高の効率を得るように上記素子
の数を選択するとともにその位置および／または温度を
各別に制御することが可能である。The process of the present invention can be easily controlled if the barrier is made up of separate elements that simultaneously act as discontinuous obstacles and that exert a thermal effect on the glass material surrounding these elements; , it is possible to select the number of said elements and to control their position and/or temperature individually to obtain the highest efficiency.
これらの素子を並置された配向自在なループの形状を有
する冷却管によって形成するのが有利である。Advantageously, these elements are formed by cooling tubes in the form of juxtaposed orientable loops.
さらに、ピンを回転させることによって、ガラスノ流れ
に対して転換作用のほかに混合作用を重復させることが
できる。Furthermore, by rotating the pin, it is possible to duplicate the mixing action in addition to the diversion action on the glass flow.
この補助的混合作用は、炉を最高能力に近い流出量で運
転する場合に有効である。This supplemental mixing effect is useful when the furnace is operated at near maximum capacity.
またこのことにより、着色ガラスの製造時にある色から
他の色へ移す際の時間の著しい増大を軽減することがで
き、さらに出発材料の組成物中の同質性について著しい
差が存在する場合に炉内に生じる不均質性を極めて効率
的に制御するのを補助することができる。This also makes it possible to reduce the significant increase in the time required to transfer from one color to another during the production of colored glass, and furthermore, it is possible to reduce the significant increase in time required for the transition from one color to another in the production of colored glass, and furthermore, it can be It can help to control the heterogeneity that occurs within very efficiently.
次に本発明の実施例を図面を参照して説明する。Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
第１図に示す本発明の溶解炉は２つの主要領域：溶融領
域１および調整領域２を具える。The melting furnace of the invention shown in FIG. 1 comprises two main areas: a melting area 1 and a conditioning area 2.
この炉に出発材料を区域３の位置で供給し、また炉内の
溶融ガラス浴からガラスを流出路４を経て流出させる。The furnace is fed with starting material at zone 3 and the glass flows out of the molten glass bath in the furnace via outlet 4.
炉内の表面前方流の中央流れ位置に障壁５を配置する。A barrier 5 is placed at the mid-flow position of the front surface flow in the furnace.
障壁の幅が浴の幅の約２１５となるようにして、前方流
の側方流れ６が排出の行われる流出路４に向って連続し
た通路を流れ得るようにする。The width of the barrier is approximately 215 times the width of the bath so that the forward flow lateral flow 6 can flow in a continuous path towards the outlet channel 4 where the discharge takes place.
第２図に示すように、障壁５を溶融ガラス材料中に還流
７のはＸ上限位置まで延在させる。As shown in FIG. 2, the barrier 5 extends into the molten glass material to the upper X position of the reflux 7.
第３図に示す炉の横方向断面図において、障壁を支持材
９で支持した複数個の素子８によって形成し、上記支持
材９を水ジヤケツト装置１０で冷却して、支持材が炉の
雰囲気内で高温にさらされて腐食するのを防止する。In the lateral cross-sectional view of the furnace shown in FIG. 3, the barrier is formed by a plurality of elements 8 supported by supports 9, said supports 9 being cooled by a water jacket 10 so that the supports are exposed to the atmosphere of the furnace. Prevents corrosion due to exposure to high temperatures inside.
障壁の他の例として示す第４図の装置は、ステンレス鋼
管を螺旋状に巻いて製造した懸垂形蛇状管１１であり、
この鋼管内に水または他の冷却流体を循環させる。The device shown in FIG. 4 as another example of the barrier is a suspended serpentine tube 11 manufactured by spirally winding a stainless steel tube.
Water or other cooling fluid is circulated within this steel tube.
この蛇状管１１を、下流を包含するガラス浴の上方部分
に浸漬する。This serpentine tube 11 is immersed in the upper part of the glass bath containing the downstream part.
蛇状管の作用は、その付近のガラスの粘度を増大し、前
方流の低温領域に到達した部分の流れが浴の下方部分に
向って配向されて後方流に捕捉されるようにすることに
ある。The action of the serpentine tube is to increase the viscosity of the glass in its vicinity so that the portion of the flow that reaches the cold region of the forward flow is directed towards the lower part of the bath and captured in the backward flow. be.
第５図および第６図に示す不連続な障壁は、水の循環に
より冷却される金属管１２をループ１３の形状に配置し
た組立体によって形成する。The discontinuous barrier shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is formed by an assembly of metal tubes 12 arranged in the form of a loop 13, which is cooled by water circulation.
これらループは主としてその熱作用によってガラスに作
用する。These loops act on the glass primarily by their thermal action.
各ループはその面内である量のガラスを冷却し、これと
隣接ループで冷却されるガラス部分とがオーバーラツプ
して、はど連続的な障壁を形成する。Each loop cools a volume of glass in its plane, which overlaps with the portion of glass cooled in adjacent loops to form a continuous barrier.
各ループはその向きを各別に調節することができる。The orientation of each loop can be adjusted independently.
従って、各ループを炉の横断面に対して傾斜させること
ができ、（第６図参照）傾斜角を各ループ毎に相違させ
ることもできる。Therefore, each loop can be inclined with respect to the cross section of the furnace (see FIG. 6), and the angle of inclination can also be different for each loop.
このようにすれば障壁の有効厚さは、ループがすべて同
一平面内にある場合より大きくなり、またこの障壁はそ
れぞれの作用がオーバーラツプする一連のシャッタとし
て作用する。In this way, the effective thickness of the barrier is greater than if the loops were all in the same plane, and the barrier acts as a series of shutters with overlapping effects.
第６図の矢印によって、前方流の側方流れ１４がその軌
道に正しく沿って流れて流出口に達し、他方、障壁に衝
突する流れ１５が反転させられ、下方の後方流に吸収さ
れる状態を示す。As indicated by the arrows in Figure 6, the forward flow lateral flow 14 follows its trajectory correctly to the outlet, while the flow 15 impinging on the barrier is reversed and absorbed by the downward backward flow. shows.
ループはその高さを調節することもできる。The loop can also be adjusted in height.
このことによって障壁の形状をもつとも適切な形状にす
ることができる。This allows the barrier to have an appropriate shape.
特に、障壁の端部の方に位置するループを中央ループと
比較して溶融ガラス材料中に浅く侵入させることができ
る。In particular, the loops located towards the ends of the barrier can be penetrated shallower into the molten glass material compared to the central loops.
このようにすれば、障壁の作用が炉の中央領域で一層深
くまで波及し、端部では弱くなる。In this way, the effect of the barrier extends deeper in the central region of the furnace and is weaker at the ends.
第７図に示す障壁は、炉の天井に横切らせて懸垂した泡
立器１６によって形成した主として熱の障壁である。The barrier shown in Figure 7 is primarily a thermal barrier formed by a whisk 16 suspended across the ceiling of the furnace.
溶融ガラス材料を均質化するのに泡立器を使用する技術
自体は既知である。The technique of using a whisk to homogenize molten glass material is known per se.
この技術では、管を普通炉の底部付近に配置し、ガラス
材料中に連続的に泡を吹込み、これにより泡の通過する
部分のガラスを混合する。In this technique, a tube is usually placed near the bottom of the furnace and bubbles are continuously blown into the glass material, thereby mixing the glass in the area through which the bubbles pass.
本発明の例では、泡を射出する空気またはガス供給管を
それぞれ前方流および後方流の境界付近に延在させ、泡
の射出を所望の障壁領域の幅に等しい幅内で行う。In an example of the invention, the air or gas supply tube for injecting the foam extends near the boundary of the forward flow and the backward flow, respectively, and the foam is injected within a width equal to the width of the desired barrier area.
泡の射出速度を十分に高くして、障壁領域で前方流を反
転させるとともにこれを後方流により捕捉し得るように
し、このような作用の大部分がこの障害物自体によって
行われないようにする必要がある。The foam injection velocity is high enough to reverse the forward flow at the barrier region and capture it by the backward flow, so that most of this action is not performed by the obstruction itself. There is a need.
この方法＆Ｘ、能力限界で運転する溶解炉でガラスを製
造するのに特に有利である。This method &X is particularly advantageous for producing glass in melting furnaces operating at the limit of capacity.
この場合、浴の幾何学的形状、流出速度および熱発生の
対流に従って浴内に生じる流体力学的機構が最良の品質
のガラスを保証する最適の機構から簡単にはずれる。In this case, the hydrodynamic mechanism occurring in the bath according to the bath geometry, the outflow rate and the convection of heat generation can easily deviate from the optimal mechanism that guarantees the best quality glass.
従って、前方流の中央流れを適当に修正することが必要
となり、障壁を介在させて通路を変形し、一層物質なガ
ラスを製造し得るような一層均衡のとれた機構を再び確
立することが必要となる。Therefore, it becomes necessary to suitably modify the central flow of the front flow, deform the passage by interposing barriers, and re-establish a more balanced mechanism that allows the production of a more substantial glass. becomes.
このような観点から、それぞれ各別に高さ、温度および
方向が調節できる素子よりなる不連続な障壁であれば、
もつとも有利な配置を実験的に簡単に決めることが可能
である。From this point of view, if a discontinuous barrier is made up of elements whose height, temperature, and direction can be adjusted individually,
However, it is possible to easily determine an advantageous arrangement experimentally.
第８図に示す攪拌器１７は、回転ヘッド（図示せず）に
より水を供給される鋼管によって形成する。The stirrer 17 shown in FIG. 8 is formed by a steel tube supplied with water by a rotating head (not shown).
これらをはｇ数字８の形状とする。この形状が特に効果
的であることを確めた。These are in the shape of a g figure 8. This shape was found to be particularly effective.
しかし、矩形ループまたは他の形状とすることもできる
。However, it can also be a rectangular loop or other shapes.
攪拌器はその回転に伴っである量のガラスを巻き込み、
この部分のガラスの粘度を冷却作用によって増大させる
。As the stirrer rotates, it engulfs a certain amount of glass.
The viscosity of the glass in this area is increased by the cooling effect.
前方流が攪拌器のまわりを流れ、従って攪拌器は障壁お
よび混合の二重の作用をなす。The forward flow flows around the agitator, so the agitator performs the dual function of barrier and mixing.
攪拌器の回転速度を増加すると、この現象は強くなる。This phenomenon becomes stronger when the rotation speed of the stirrer is increased.
攪拌器の数は、確立すべき障壁の幅によって決まる。The number of stirrers depends on the width of the barrier to be established.
攪拌器の回転速度はＯから泡の包囲すなわち空洞現象が
現われる最高速度まで変えることができる。The rotational speed of the stirrer can be varied from 0 to the maximum speed at which bubble envelopment or cavitation phenomenon appears.
ループの回転速度を、例えば約１ Ｏｒｐｍとすること
ができ、この値は周線速度３００ｍ／時に相当する。The rotational speed of the loop can be, for example, approximately 1 Orpm, which corresponds to a circumferential speed of 300 m/h.
攪拌器によるガラス材料との平均熱交換量を５０〜ｘｏ
ｏｔｈ／時、好ましくは７５ｔｈ／時とすることができ
、この値は攪拌器の直径が０．２５〜０．３０ｍである
場合に、冷却水の供給量を少くとも２５１：７分とする
ことを意味する。The average amount of heat exchange with the glass material by the stirrer is 50~xo
oth/hour, preferably 75th/hour, which value provides a cooling water supply rate of at least 251:7 minutes when the diameter of the stirrer is between 0.25 and 0.30 m. means.
攪拌器の回転方向を適当に選択して下記の効果を得るよ
うにする。The rotation direction of the stirrer is appropriately selected to obtain the following effects.
Ｌ ガラスを浴の中心（炉の軸線）の方向に向ける。L Orient the glass toward the center of the bath (furnace axis).
この場合、炉の半分づつで攪拌器の回転方向を同一にし
、障壁の上流側での攪拌器の端部の軌道を炉の軸線の方
へ向ける。In this case, the direction of rotation of the stirrers in each half of the furnace is the same, and the trajectory of the end of the stirrer upstream of the barrier is directed towards the axis of the furnace.
この例は一般にもつとも有利であり、障壁および混合の
２つの強い作用を得ることができる。This example is generally advantageous, as two strong effects of barrier and mixing can be obtained.
２、ガラスを炉の軸線から遠去かる方向へ向ける。2. Orient the glass away from the axis of the furnace.
この場合、攪拌器の回転方向を上側とは反対の方向にす
る。In this case, rotate the stirrer in the opposite direction from the top.
３、攪拌密封による混合作用を得る。3. Obtain mixing action by stirring and sealing.
この場合、１つおきの攪拌器をそれぞれに隣接する攪拌
器とは反対の方向に回転させる（第２図）。In this case, every other stirrer is rotated in the opposite direction to its adjacent stirrer (FIG. 2).
矩形ループに回転攪拌器を取付けた組合体を使用するこ
ともできる。A combination of a rectangular loop and a rotary stirrer may also be used.
特に、中間部分に回転攪拌器を設は端部に矩形ループを
固定した障壁を構成することができる。In particular, it is possible to construct a barrier with a rotating stirrer in the middle part and fixed rectangular loops at the ends.
第８図においては、一連の攪拌器を直線状に配置し、９
００の角度位相差で同一方向に回転させている。In FIG. 8, a series of stirrers are arranged in a straight line and 9
They are rotated in the same direction with an angular phase difference of 00.
２個の攪拌器間の間隔を適当な値として、各攪拌器の作
用領域が隣接する攪拌器の作用領域と少くとも僅かにオ
ーバーラツプし得るようにする必要がある。The spacing between the two stirrers should be of a suitable value so that the active area of each stirrer can overlap at least slightly with the active area of the adjacent stirrer.
８０字形のループの形状がこの結果を得るのに好適であ
る。A figure-80 loop shape is suitable for achieving this result.
第９図に溶解炉の天井１８の半部と、この天井に対する
攪拌器１７の位置を示す。FIG. 9 shows half of the ceiling 18 of the melting furnace and the position of the stirrer 17 relative to this ceiling.
ブレードを９０°の角度だけずらし、その作用領域をオ
ーバーラツプさせる。The blades are offset by a 90° angle so that their areas of action overlap.
ブレードの上方先端をガラス４０レベルに一致させる。Align the upper tip of the blade with the glass 40 level.
ブレードの下方先端が、前方流と後方流とを分離する中
立表面より低くならないようにして、後方流に混合作用
を与えないようにする必要がある。The lower tips of the blades should not be lower than the neutral surface that separates the forward and trailing flows to avoid mixing effects on the trailing flows.
第１０図に攪拌器を装着および駆動する装置の配置を示
す。FIG. 10 shows the arrangement of the device for mounting and driving the stirrer.
攪拌器１７を２個の軸受１９で支持された軸１８に装着
する。A stirrer 17 is mounted on a shaft 18 supported by two bearings 19.
上記２個の軸受１９を支持部材２０に装着し、支持部材
２０をフック２１および突起２２によって炉の天井の開
口２４の長さ方向軸線に平行な梁２３に取付ける。The two bearings 19 are mounted on a support member 20, which is attached by means of hooks 21 and projections 22 to a beam 23 parallel to the longitudinal axis of the opening 24 in the roof of the furnace.
軸１８に円錐歯車２５を設け、この歯車２５をモータ２
７により軸２８を介して駆動される歯車２６によって駆
動する。A conical gear 25 is provided on the shaft 18, and this gear 25 is connected to the motor 2.
7 via a gear wheel 26 driven through a shaft 28.
攪拌器の位相角を調節できるようにするために、軸２８
を適当な装置（図示せず）によって軸２９のまわりに回
転させることにより、歯合２６と歯車２５との掛合をは
ずし得るようにする。In order to be able to adjust the phase angle of the stirrer, the shaft 28
The toothing 26 and the gear 25 can be disengaged by rotating them about the axis 29 by a suitable device (not shown).
攪拌器、その軸および支持部材２０よりなる組立体はす
べて適当な滑車装置によって持ち上げることができる。The entire assembly consisting of the agitator, its shaft and support member 20 can be lifted by a suitable pulley arrangement.
耐火密閉部材３０および３１によって穴２４を確実に密
閉する。Fireproof sealing members 30 and 31 ensure that hole 24 is sealed.
攪拌器１１のブレードの上方先端をガラス浴３２０表面
と同一平面に配置する。The upper tip of the blade of stirrer 11 is placed flush with the surface of glass bath 320.
障壁の設計、すなわち攪拌器の数、速度および位置なら
びにその浸漬深さは炉の特性、ガラスの組成、炉内での
障壁の位置および望ましい正確な効果によって決まる。The design of the barrier, i.e. the number, speed and position of the stirrers and their immersion depth, depends on the characteristics of the furnace, the composition of the glass, the position of the barrier within the furnace and the exact effect desired.
なお、本発明の実施の態様は次の通りである。Note that the embodiments of the present invention are as follows.
（１） 溶融ガラスを転換の生じる領域内で混合する
特許請求の範囲１記載の方法。(1) The method according to claim 1, wherein the molten glass is mixed within the region where conversion occurs.
（２）転換する前に混合によりガラス流をガラス流の中
央部分に向けて導びく前項記載の方法。(2) The method described in the preceding paragraph, in which the glass stream is directed toward the center of the glass stream by mixing before conversion.
（３）転換される流れ部分だげに混合作用を付与する特
許請求の範囲および前記（１）、（２）項記載の方法。(3) A method according to claims and items (1) and (2) above, in which a mixing action is imparted only to the diverted flow portion.
（４）幅０．２５〜０．３０ｍのガラス流断面区域から
５０〜１ｏｏｔｈ／時、好ましくは７５ｔｈ／時の熱を
除去することによって転換領域内のガラスを冷却する特
許請求の範囲および（ｉ）〜（３）項記載の方法。(4) cooling the glass in the conversion zone by removing 50 to 1 ooth/hour, preferably 75 th/hour of heat from a glass flow cross-sectional area of width 0.25 to 0.30 m; ) to (3).
（５）障壁の流れに直角な方向の長さがガラス流の幅の
１／２〜１／３であり、障壁の浸漬深さがガラスの深さ
の約１／３である特許請求の範囲２記載の溶解炉。(5) A claim in which the length of the barrier in the direction perpendicular to the flow is 1/2 to 1/3 of the width of the glass flow, and the immersion depth of the barrier is about 1/3 of the depth of the glass. 2. Melting furnace according to 2.
（６）ガラス流に直角な面での障壁の下方輪郭が凸状で
ある特許請求の範囲２および前記（５）項記載の溶解炉
。(6) The melting furnace according to claim 2 and item (5) above, wherein the lower profile of the barrier in a plane perpendicular to the glass flow is convex.
（７）障壁が不連続であり、各別の素子よりなる特許請
求の範囲２および前記（５）および（６）項記載の溶解
炉。(7) The melting furnace according to claim 2 and items (5) and (6) above, wherein the barrier is discontinuous and consists of separate elements.
（８）障壁の下部が流体を供給される管よりなり、この
管に開口を穿孔して流体を泡の形態ではｇ障壁の幅に等
しい流れに直角な方向の幅に亘って放出し得るようにし
た特許請求の範囲２および前記（５）および（６）項記
載の溶解炉。(8) The lower part of the barrier consists of a tube through which the fluid is supplied, and an opening is drilled in this tube so that the fluid can be discharged in the form of bubbles over a width in the direction perpendicular to the flow equal to the width of the g-barrier. The melting furnace according to claim 2 and the above (5) and (6).
（９）障壁が冷却流体を含有する複数個の管により形成
された前記（７）項記載の溶解炉。(9) The melting furnace according to item (7), wherein the barrier is formed by a plurality of tubes containing a cooling fluid.
（１０）障壁が並置されたループ形状の冷却管状素子に
よって形成され、これら素子がそれぞれ各別に温度なら
びにガラス流に対しての方向および高さを制御すること
ができる前項記載の溶解炉。(10) The melting furnace according to the preceding item, in which the barriers are formed by juxtaposed loop-shaped cooling tubular elements, each of which can individually control the temperature and the direction and height with respect to the glass flow.
（１１）ループが回転自在でこれによりガラスを攪拌す
るようにした前項記載の溶解炉。(11) The melting furnace according to the preceding item, wherein the loop is rotatable and thereby stirs the glass.
（１２）ループが８の字形状を有する冷却管により形成
された前項記載の溶解炉。(12) The melting furnace according to the preceding item, wherein the loop is formed by a cooling pipe having a figure-eight shape.
０３）ループの８の字形状の面を隣接ループの面に対し
て所定角度の位相だけずらした前記（１１）および（１
２）項記載の溶解炉。03) The above (11) and (1) in which the figure 8-shaped surface of the loop is shifted by a predetermined angular phase with respect to the surface of the adjacent loop.
The melting furnace described in section 2).
（１４）ループを群毎に反対方向に回転するよう駆動す
る前記０υ〜α３）項記載の溶解炉。(14) The melting furnace according to item 0υ to α3), wherein the loops are driven to rotate in opposite directions for each group.
住ω 流れの中央部に関して互に反対側に配置されたル
ープ群が互に反対の回転方向に回転して障壁より上流の
ガラス流を炉の中央部に向って導びくようにした前項記
載の溶解炉。ω The loops arranged on opposite sides with respect to the center of the flow rotate in opposite rotational directions to guide the glass flow upstream from the barrier toward the center of the furnace. melting furnace.
α６）ループの回転方向がガラスを炉の中央部分から側
方部分に向って分離する傾向を有する前記０頒記載の溶
解炉。α6) The melting furnace according to paragraph 0 above, wherein the direction of rotation of the loop tends to separate the glass from the central part of the furnace towards the side parts.
Ｃ１７） 障壁が一列のループよりなり、ループが交
互に８の字形の回転自在ループおよび固定ループよりな
る前記（９）〜（Ｌ６）項記載の溶解炉。C17) The melting furnace according to items (9) to (L6) above, wherein the barrier is composed of a row of loops, and the loops are alternately composed of figure-8-shaped rotatable loops and fixed loops.
０８）回転ループの周速度が２００〜４００ｍ／時であ
る前記（１０）〜（１６）項記載の溶解炉。08) The melting furnace according to items (10) to (16) above, wherein the circumferential speed of the rotating loop is 200 to 400 m/hour.
（１９）回転ループがそれぞれ垂直軸に装着され、該垂
直軸がモータから動力を伝動する横方向伝動軸に連結さ
れ、該伝動軸と上記垂直軸との掛合を自在にはずすこと
ができこれにより回転ループの角度位置を変換し得るよ
うにした前記０１）〜α８）項記載の溶融炉。(19) The rotation loops are each mounted on a vertical shaft, and the vertical shaft is connected to a transverse transmission shaft that transmits power from the motor, and the transmission shaft and the vertical shaft can be freely disengaged, thereby The melting furnace according to items 01) to α8), wherein the angular position of the rotation loop can be changed.
（４）伝動軸が垂直支持材に枢着され、伝動軸に設けた
円錐歯車と垂直軸に設けた円錐歯車とが噛合するように
した前項記載の溶解炉。(4) The melting furnace according to the preceding item, wherein the transmission shaft is pivotally mounted on the vertical support member, and the conical gear provided on the transmission shaft and the conical gear provided on the vertical shaft mesh with each other.
第１図は本発明の障壁を設けた溶融炉を示す線図的平面
図、第２図は第１図の溶融炉の長さ方向の縦断面図、第
３図は溶融炉の横方向に見た炉の天井から懸垂したれん
が障壁を示す横断面図、第４図は冷却蛇状体よりなる障
壁を示す炉の横断面図、第５図は各別の素子よりなる障
壁を示す正面図、第６図は傾斜させた各別の素子よりな
る障壁およびガラス流の方向を示す平面図、第７図は泡
立器よりなる障壁を示す炉の横断面図、第８図は一列に
配置され適当な角度位相差で並置された一連の回転攪拌
器を示す正面図、第９図は第８図の攪拌器を炉の天井に
配置した状態を示す炉の一部の横断面図、および第１０
図は第８および９図の攪拌器を装着および駆動する装置
を示す線図的配置図である。
１・・・・・・溶融領域、２・・・・・・調整領域、３
・・・・・・供給部、４・・・・・・流出路、５・・・
・・・障壁、６・・・・・・前方流、７・・・・・・後
方流、８・・・・・・素子、９・・・・・・支持材、１
０・・・・・・ジャケット、１１・・・・・・蛇状管、
１２・・・・・・管、１３・・・・・・ループ、１４・
・・・・・側方流れ、１５・・・・−・中央流れ、１６
・・・・・・泡立器、１７・・・・・・８の字形攪拌器
、１８・・・・・・垂直軸、１９・・・・・・軸受、２
０・・・・・・支持部材、２１・・・・・フック、２２
・・・・・・突起、２３・・・・・・梁、２４・・・・
・・開口、２５ 、２６・・・°・・歯車、２１・・・
・・・モータ、２８・・・・・・横方向軸、２８・・・
・・・軸、３０．３１・・・・・・密閉部材。FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic plan view showing a melting furnace provided with a barrier according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the melting furnace of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a lateral cross-sectional view of the melting furnace. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the furnace showing a brick barrier suspended from the ceiling of the furnace, Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the furnace showing a barrier made of cooling snakes, and Figure 5 is a front view showing a barrier made of different elements. , FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the barrier consisting of separate elements tilted and the direction of the glass flow, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the furnace showing the barrier consisting of a whisk, and FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the barriers arranged in a row. 9 is a front view showing a series of rotating stirrers arranged side by side with appropriate angular phase difference; FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the furnace showing the stirrer of FIG. 10th
The figure is a diagrammatic arrangement showing the apparatus for mounting and driving the agitator of figures 8 and 9. 1... Melting area, 2... Adjustment area, 3
... Supply section, 4 ... Outflow path, 5 ...
... Barrier, 6 ... Front flow, 7 ... Back flow, 8 ... Element, 9 ... Support material, 1
0...Jacket, 11...Serpentine tube,
12...Tube, 13...Loop, 14.
... Lateral flow, 15 ... Central flow, 16
・・・・Breathe device, 17・・・・Figure-8 stirrer, 18・・・・Vertical shaft, 19・・・Bearing, 2
0...Supporting member, 21...Hook, 22
...Protrusion, 23...Beam, 24...
...Aperture, 25, 26...°...Gear, 21...
...Motor, 28...Horizontal axis, 28...
...shaft, 30.31... sealing member.
Claims (1)
を溶解及び清澄領域で溶解及び清澄し、溶融ガラスを溶
解及び清澄領域に隣接する調整領域を経て流し、ガラス
の上表面に隣接するガラスの前方流を溶解及び清澄領域
から調整領域の方向へ流すとともに、この前方流下側の
ガラスの後方流を反対方向に流し、上記溶解及び清澄領
域と上記調整領域の間で、上記前方流の中央部分を下側
方向に転換させてこの部分が上記後方流により捕捉され
溶解及び清澄領域の方へ戻されるようにし、上記中央部
分に隣接する前方流の側方部分を転換することなく流れ
続げさせることを特徴とする溶融ガラスの製造方法。 ２ 溶融ガラスを製造する溶融炉において、上記溶融炉
が加熱手段を有する溶解及び清澄領域と該溶解及び清澄
領域より温度の低い調整領域とを有し、上記三領域の間
の位置から前記溶融炉の中央部分に上方から懸垂された
ブーム又はバリヤーを前記溶融炉を横切って配置し、該
ブーム又はバリヤーは前記溶融炉幅の１／４〜２／３の
幅を有しかつ前記溶融炉内に形成されるガラス流の深さ
の１１５〜１／２の深さまで延在することを特徴とする
ガラス溶融炉。[Claims] 1. In producing molten glass in a furnace, glass components are melted and refined in a melting and fining region, the molten glass is flowed through a conditioning region adjacent to the melting and fining region, and the upper surface of the glass is A forward flow of glass adjacent to the melting and fining region is directed from the melting and fining region to the conditioning region, and a trailing flow of glass downstream of this forward flow is flowing in the opposite direction between the melting and fining region and the conditioning region. diverting a central portion of the forward flow in a downward direction such that this portion is captured by the backward flow and returned toward the melting and clarification region, and diverting lateral portions of the forward flow adjacent to the central portion; A method for producing molten glass characterized by continuously flowing molten glass. 2. A melting furnace for producing molten glass, wherein the melting furnace has a melting and fining region having a heating means and an adjustment region whose temperature is lower than the melting and fining region, and the melting furnace is heated from a position between the three regions. A boom or barrier suspended from above in a central portion of the melting furnace is disposed across the melting furnace, the boom or barrier having a width of 1/4 to 2/3 of the width of the melting furnace and within the melting furnace. A glass melting furnace characterized by extending to a depth of 115 to 1/2 of the depth of the glass flow to be formed.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR7406062A FR2261987A1 (en) | 1974-02-22 | 1974-02-22 | Glass melting tank - with barrier across the central part of the homogenising zone, to turn back the surface glass layer |
| FR7433624A FR2287423A2 (en) | 1974-10-07 | 1974-10-07 | Glass melting tank - with barrier across the central part of the homogenising zone, to turn back the surface glass layer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS50124910A JPS50124910A (en) | 1975-10-01 |
| JPS5839777B2 true JPS5839777B2 (en) | 1983-09-01 |
Family
ID=26218184
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP50021465A Expired JPS5839777B2 (en) | 1974-02-22 | 1975-02-22 | Molten glass manufacturing method and melting furnace therefor |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5839777B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7501080A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1072338A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2507015C2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK67475A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES434996A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1490426A (en) |
| LU (1) | LU71895A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL176161C (en) |
| NO (1) | NO137721C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE409321B (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2478064A1 (en) * | 1980-03-11 | 1981-09-18 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | PROCESS AND OVEN FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MOLTEN GLASS |
| US4339261A (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1982-07-13 | Libbey-Owens-Ford Company | Drive system for glass furnace stirrers |
| DE4411038C2 (en) * | 1993-06-15 | 1995-12-07 | Sorg Gmbh & Co Kg | Method and device for conditioning and homogenizing a glass stream |
| US5573569A (en) * | 1993-06-15 | 1996-11-12 | Beteiligungen Sorg Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for conditioning and homogenizing a glass stream |
| US5634958A (en) * | 1993-06-15 | 1997-06-03 | Beteiligungen Sorg Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method and apparatus for conditioning and homogenizing a glass stream |
| US5630860A (en) * | 1993-06-15 | 1997-05-20 | Beteiligungen Sorg Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method and apparatus for conditioning and homogenizing a glass stream |
| FR2774085B3 (en) | 1998-01-26 | 2000-02-25 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | PROCESS FOR MELTING AND REFINING VITRIFIABLE MATERIALS |
| WO2012093183A1 (en) * | 2011-01-05 | 2012-07-12 | Luis Grijalba Goicoechea | Method and unit for melting glass at low temperatures |
| CN103102058B (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2015-10-07 | 蚌埠玻璃工业设计研究院 | A kind of whipping appts for Flat Glass Furnace card neck place |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS495604A (en) * | 1972-05-04 | 1974-01-18 | ||
| JPS502008A (en) * | 1973-01-12 | 1975-01-10 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2888781A (en) * | 1955-08-30 | 1959-06-02 | Owens Illinois Glass Co | Water cooled skimmer for glass furnace forehearth |
| BE553325A (en) * | 1956-12-12 | |||
| US3149952A (en) * | 1959-06-26 | 1964-09-22 | Henry Georges | Apparatus for adjusting the operating conditions of tank furnaces |
| US3350187A (en) * | 1963-01-08 | 1967-10-31 | Glaverbel | Process and apparatus for the homogenisation of molten glass in the chamber connecting the refining furnace to the working compartment |
| FR1404753A (en) * | 1964-06-05 | 1965-07-02 | Glaverbel | Process for homogenizing a stream of molten glass and furnace for carrying out the process |
| FR1410601A (en) * | 1964-10-02 | 1965-09-10 | Ver Glasfabrieken Nv | Bridge glass furnace |
| DE1596424B1 (en) * | 1967-06-07 | 1970-12-23 | Floatglas Gmbh | Device for homogenizing a glass melt |
-
1975
- 1975-02-18 SE SE7501793A patent/SE409321B/en unknown
- 1975-02-19 DE DE2507015A patent/DE2507015C2/en not_active Expired
- 1975-02-20 CA CA220,513A patent/CA1072338A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-02-21 GB GB7370/75A patent/GB1490426A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-02-21 DK DK67475*#A patent/DK67475A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1975-02-21 NL NLAANVRAGE7502090,A patent/NL176161C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-02-21 BR BR1080/75A patent/BR7501080A/en unknown
- 1975-02-21 LU LU71895A patent/LU71895A1/xx unknown
- 1975-02-21 NO NO750603A patent/NO137721C/en unknown
- 1975-02-22 ES ES434996A patent/ES434996A1/en not_active Expired
- 1975-02-22 JP JP50021465A patent/JPS5839777B2/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS495604A (en) * | 1972-05-04 | 1974-01-18 | ||
| JPS502008A (en) * | 1973-01-12 | 1975-01-10 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR7501080A (en) | 1975-12-02 |
| DE2507015C2 (en) | 1983-04-21 |
| ES434996A1 (en) | 1976-12-16 |
| NO137721C (en) | 1978-04-12 |
| AU7844175A (en) | 1976-08-26 |
| JPS50124910A (en) | 1975-10-01 |
| NL7502090A (en) | 1975-08-26 |
| DK67475A (en) | 1975-10-27 |
| NL176161B (en) | 1984-10-01 |
| GB1490426A (en) | 1977-11-02 |
| NO137721B (en) | 1978-01-02 |
| NL176161C (en) | 1985-03-01 |
| SE7501793L (en) | 1975-08-25 |
| CA1072338A (en) | 1980-02-26 |
| LU71895A1 (en) | 1975-12-09 |
| NO750603L (en) | 1975-08-25 |
| SE409321B (en) | 1979-08-13 |
| DE2507015A1 (en) | 1975-09-04 |
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