JPS58221827A - Liquid crystal device - Google Patents

Liquid crystal device

Info

Publication number
JPS58221827A
JPS58221827A JP10508882A JP10508882A JPS58221827A JP S58221827 A JPS58221827 A JP S58221827A JP 10508882 A JP10508882 A JP 10508882A JP 10508882 A JP10508882 A JP 10508882A JP S58221827 A JPS58221827 A JP S58221827A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
electrode
light
comb
passage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP10508882A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0414328B2 (en
Inventor
Takao Kawamura
河村　孝夫
Akihiko Sugimura
明彦 杉村
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kyocera Corp
Original Assignee
Kyocera Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kyocera Corp filed Critical Kyocera Corp
Priority to JP10508882A priority Critical patent/JPS58221827A/en
Priority to US06/455,932 priority patent/US4585311A/en
Priority to DE3302332A priority patent/DE3302332A1/en
Publication of JPS58221827A publication Critical patent/JPS58221827A/en
Publication of JPH0414328B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0414328B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G02F1/134327—Segmented, e.g. alpha numeric display

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a liquid crystal device which is high in the contrast ratio of the on-and off-states in the passage of light in a liquid crystal device disposed with transparent substrates having comb-shaped electrodes and a counter electrode by forming the comb-shaped elctrodes of a grounding electrode having plural comb tooth parts and a driving electrode which is positioned between the comb tooth parts and have the same width as one dot forming the on-and off-states in the passage of light. CONSTITUTION:A comb tooth electrode has the shape wherein an electrode L4 of a projecting shape is fitted into an electrode L3 of a recessed shape, and the electrode L4 is formed to the same size as the width of one dot forming the on-and off-states in the passage of light. When a control voltage Vc is applied between the counter electrode L1 and the comb-shaped electrodes L3, L4 of such a liquid crystal cell 1, the light in the y-axis direction past the cell 1 is absorbed and interrupted by a polarization plate An and the off-state in the passage of light is formed. When a driving voltage Vd is applied between the electrodes L3 and L4 of the cell 1 and the voltage Vc is applied between the electrode L1 and the electrode L3 simultaneously, the light past the cell 1 passes through a polarization plate An as it is, whereby the on-state in the passage of light is formed. The electrode L3 in this stage is located in the outside circumferential part of one dot forming the on-and off-states in the passage of light whereby the passage of the light is not interfered and the light passing through the same is made extremely strong.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は液晶の電気光学効果を利用した液晶装置の改良
に関し、より詳細には液晶分子の持つ複屈折性、即ち液
晶分子の長軸方向とそれに直交する方向とで光の屈折率
が異なる特性を利用しだ液晶装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to improvement of a liquid crystal device that utilizes the electro-optic effect of liquid crystal, and more specifically to the improvement of the birefringence of liquid crystal molecules, that is, the birefringence of liquid crystal molecules, that is, the long axis direction of liquid crystal molecules and the direction orthogonal thereto. This invention relates to a liquid crystal device that utilizes the characteristics of light having different refractive indexes.

近時、液晶装置は液晶が示す電気光学効果を応用し、腕
時計や電卓等の数字表示パネルの表示デバイスとして多
用されるとともに表示デバイス以外の分野、例えば写真
機やプリンタ用光像走査装置に使用される光シヤツター
等のオプトエレクトロニクスの分野にも応用展開が図ら
れている。In recent years, liquid crystal devices have been widely used as display devices for numeric display panels such as watches and calculators by applying the electro-optic effect exhibited by liquid crystals, and are also used in fields other than display devices, such as optical image scanning devices for cameras and printers. Applications are also being developed in the field of optoelectronics, such as optical shutters.

しかし５乍ら、従来の液晶装置の電気光学効果を用いて
、例えば光シヤツター動作を行わせる場合、光の通過の
ＯＮ、（ＪＦＦ状態を形成するための液晶の二方向への
配向が、一方は相対向する電極間に電界を印加し、両電
極間に介在する液晶分子の配列を強制的Ｓζ変化させて
いるのに対し、他方は初期の液晶分子配列Ｅもとづく分
子配向にのみ依存しているため、その応答速度が一十〜
数百ｆｒ１ｓｅｃと−極めて遅く、かつ光の遮断も完全
でないため光シヤツターとしては到底実用に供しなかっ
た。However, when performing, for example, a light shutter operation using the electro-optic effect of a conventional liquid crystal device, it is difficult to turn on the passage of light and to align the liquid crystal in two directions to form the JFF state. The method applies an electric field between opposing electrodes and forcibly changes the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules interposed between the two electrodes, while the other method depends only on the molecular orientation based on the initial liquid crystal molecular arrangement E. Because of this, the response speed is
Because it was extremely slow (several hundred fr1 sec) and did not completely block light, it could not be put to practical use as an optical shutter.

そこで、この従来の液晶装置の応答速度及び光の通過の
ＯＮ、（ＪＦＦ状態のコントラスト比の欠点を改良する
ために、本発明者等は先１ζ液晶セルの相対向する電極
の一方を横形とした３電極構造のものを提案した。Therefore, in order to improve the response speed of this conventional liquid crystal device, the ON of light passage, and the shortcomings of the contrast ratio of the JFF state, the present inventors made one of the opposing electrodes of the 1ζ liquid crystal cell horizontal. A three-electrode structure was proposed.

この３電極構造の液晶セルを使用した液晶装置は液晶分
子の複屈折性を利用したものでｊ８１図（Ａｌ、ｐ）に
示すように偏光軸が互いに直交する２枚の偏光板Ｐｏ、
Ａｎ間に液晶セル１を、該液晶セル１の櫛形電極Ｌｏ、
Ｌ９の長さ方向（ｙ軸方向）が両偏光板Ｐｏ　、　　八
〇のいずれか一方の偏光軸と平行となるように配置され
た構造を有しており、前記液晶セル１の櫛形電極Ｌｏ、
ＬＩｌを接地して対向する電極Ｌ１との間に電圧Ｖｃを
印加すると、液晶５は垂直配向（Ｉｌａ（Ｂ１１７）Ｚ
軸方向）　Ｌ、光はそのまま液晶セルを通過するため光
は偏光軸が互いに直交する２枚の偏光板Ｐａ、Ａｎによ
り完全に蓮断され、光の通過の０１ｉ’　Ｆ状態となり
、一方櫛形電極ＬＯとＬ２との間に電圧Ｖｄ苓、　また
１′ 対向する電極Ｌ１とＬ９との間に電圧Ｖｃを印加すると
、液晶５は両電圧の電界の合成による方向（第１図（Ｂ
ｌの２軸とＸ軸の合成による軸方向）ｌζ配向し、ｙ軸
方向に偏光軸を有する偏光板ＰＯでｙ軸方向に偏光され
た光はその一部が液晶５廖こよりＸ軸方向に旋光されて
液晶セルｌを通過し、Ｘ軸方向に偏光軸を有する偏光板
Δｎをそのまま通過して光の通過のＯＮ状態が形成さ、
れる。A liquid crystal device using a liquid crystal cell with this three-electrode structure utilizes the birefringence of liquid crystal molecules, and as shown in Figure J81 (Al, p), two polarizing plates Po, whose polarization axes are perpendicular to each other, are used.
A liquid crystal cell 1 is placed between An, a comb-shaped electrode Lo of the liquid crystal cell 1,
It has a structure in which the length direction (y-axis direction) of L9 is arranged parallel to the polarization axis of either one of the two polarizing plates Po, and the comb-shaped electrode Lo of the liquid crystal cell 1,
When LI1 is grounded and a voltage Vc is applied between it and the opposing electrode L1, the liquid crystal 5 is vertically aligned (Ila(B117)Z
Axial direction) L, since the light passes through the liquid crystal cell as it is, the light is completely cut off by the two polarizing plates Pa and An whose polarization axes are orthogonal to each other, resulting in the 01i' F state of light passing, while the comb-shaped electrode When a voltage Vd is applied between LO and L2, and a voltage Vc is applied between opposing electrodes L1 and L9, the liquid crystal 5 moves in the direction due to the combination of the electric fields of both voltages (Fig. 1 (B).
A part of the light polarized in the y-axis direction by the polarizing plate PO, which is oriented in the y-axis direction and has a polarization axis in the y-axis direction, is oriented in the x-axis direction by the liquid crystal 5. The light is rotated and passes through the liquid crystal cell l, and passes directly through the polarizing plate Δn having a polarization axis in the X-axis direction, forming an ON state for light passage.
It will be done.

かくして、光の通過の（ＪＮ、ＵＰ”Ｆ状態が電圧Ｖｃ
、Ｖｄの印加切換えにより制御される。　この３電極構
造の液晶セルを使用した液晶装置は光の通過のＯＮ、（
Ｊｌ’Ｆ状態を形成するための液晶配向かいずれも電圧
Ｖｃ、Ｖｄの印加による強制的なものであるため数ｍ５
ｅｃという早い応答速度が得られる。Thus, the (JN, UP”F state of light passage is the voltage Vc
, Vd are applied. A liquid crystal device using a liquid crystal cell with this three-electrode structure turns on the passage of light (
The liquid crystal orientation shift to form the Jl'F state is forced by the application of voltages Vc and Vd, so it is several m5.
A fast response speed of ec can be obtained.

しかし乍ら、この３電極構造の液晶セルを使用した液晶
装置は櫛形電極ＬｏとＬ２との間に電圧Ｖｄをまた対向
電極Ｌ１きＬ９との間に電圧Ｖｃを印加して液晶分子５
を両電圧の電界の合成方向に配向させ光の通過のＯＮ状
態を形成させた場合、該対向する電極Ｌｌ、Ｌ９間の電
界が液晶５に大きく作用し、その部位の液晶５を垂直方
向すなわち光の通過のＯＦＦ状態を形成する方向に配向
させてしまう。そのためこの液晶装置では光の通過（７
）（ＪＮ、（ＪＦＦ状態を形成する１ドツトの中央部に
常に光の通過のＯＦＦ状態を形成する部位を有しし するこ智都なり光の通過のＯＮ状態でも通過する光は弱
く、光の通過のＯＮ、ＯＦＦ状態のコントラスト比が低
いという点で改良すべき課題を有していた。However, in a liquid crystal device using a liquid crystal cell with this three-electrode structure, a voltage Vd is applied between the comb-shaped electrodes Lo and L2, and a voltage Vc is applied between the counter electrodes L1 and L9, and the liquid crystal molecules are
When oriented in the direction of combination of the electric fields of both voltages to form an ON state for light passage, the electric field between the opposing electrodes Ll and L9 acts strongly on the liquid crystal 5, causing the liquid crystal 5 in that area to be directed vertically, that is, to form an ON state for light passage. It is oriented in a direction that forms an OFF state for light passage. Therefore, in this liquid crystal device, the passage of light (7
) (JN, (JFF state) There is a part in the center of one dot that always forms an OFF state for light passage, so even when light passage is ON, the light passing through it is weak and the light There was a problem that should be improved in that the contrast ratio between the ON and OFF states of passing was low.

本発明の目的は本発明者等が先に提案した液晶装置にお
いて、光の通過の（ＪＮ、ＯＦＦ状態のコントラスト比
を極めて高いものとした液晶装置を提供することにある
。An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal device previously proposed by the present inventors, which has an extremely high contrast ratio in the (JN, OFF state) of light passing.

本発明は偏光軸が互いに直交する２枚の偏光板の間に櫛
形電極を有する透明基板と対向電極を有する透明基板と
を両電極が相対向するように近接配置するとともに、両
透明基板間に液晶を封入した液晶セルを、該櫛形電極が
前記２枚の偏光板のいずれか一方の偏光軸と平行となる
ように配置した液晶装置において、前記横形電極は複数
個の櫛歯部を有する接地電極と、該櫛歯部間に位置し、
光の通過の（ＪＮ、（ＪＦＦ状態を形成する１ドツトと
同一の幅を有する駆動電極とから成ることを特徴とする
ものである。In the present invention, a transparent substrate having a comb-shaped electrode and a transparent substrate having a counter electrode are arranged in close proximity between two polarizing plates whose polarization axes are perpendicular to each other so that the electrodes face each other, and a liquid crystal is placed between the two transparent substrates. In a liquid crystal device in which an encapsulated liquid crystal cell is arranged such that the comb-shaped electrode is parallel to the polarization axis of one of the two polarizing plates, the horizontal electrode is a ground electrode having a plurality of comb teeth. , located between the comb tooth portions,
It is characterized by comprising a drive electrode having the same width as one dot forming the (JN, (JFF) state through which light passes.

以下、本発明を第２図乃至第３図に基づき詳細に説明す
る。Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on FIGS. 2 and 3.

尚、図中、従来品と同一個所に−は同一符号が付しであ
る。In addition, in the figure, the same reference numerals are attached to the same parts as in the conventional product.

第２図（Ａ１．　（Ｂｌは本発明の液晶装置の基本構成
を示し、１は液晶セル、Ｐａ、Ａｎは偏光板である。FIG. 2 (A1. (Bl shows the basic configuration of the liquid crystal device of the present invention, 1 is a liquid crystal cell, and Pa and An are polarizing plates.

液晶セル１は内面に櫛形の電極Ｌ３．Ｌ４　　を有する
透明基板２と内面に対向電極Ｌ１を有する透明基板３を
、両糸板間に所定間１！ｉ！を形成するようにスペーサ
４を介して近接配置し、該間隙内に正の誘電異方性を示
す液晶５を封入したものである。The liquid crystal cell 1 has a comb-shaped electrode L3 on its inner surface. A transparent substrate 2 having a diameter of L4 and a transparent substrate 3 having a counter electrode L1 on the inner surface are placed between both thread plates for a predetermined distance of 1! i! The liquid crystal 5 exhibiting positive dielectric anisotropy is sealed within the gap.

前記透明基＆２．３の内表面には液晶５の分子配向を容
易とする分子配向処理が施されている。The inner surface of the transparent group &2.3 is subjected to a molecular alignment treatment to facilitate the molecular alignment of the liquid crystal 5.

前記櫛形電極Ｌ３．Ｌ４及び対向電極Ｌ＋は酸化スズ、
酸化インジウム等の透明導電材料から成り、従来周知の
薄膜手法及びエツチング加工法を採用することにより形
成される。The comb-shaped electrode L3. L4 and the counter electrode L+ are tin oxide,
It is made of a transparent conductive material such as indium oxide, and is formed by employing a conventionally well-known thin film method and etching method.

前記櫛形電極は第３図に示すように凹状の電極Ｌ３に凸
状の電極Ｌ４を嵌入させた形状を有しており、凹状の電
極Ｌ８は共通電極として接地されており、凸状の電極Ｌ
４は駆動Ｗ極あるいは接地電極としてスイッチ８の切換
えにより外部電源（不図示）に接続されるか、または接
地端子に接続される。この凸状の電極Ｌ４はその電極幅
か光の通過のＯＮ、ＯＦＦ状態を形成する１ドツトの幅
と同一寸法に形成されている。As shown in FIG. 3, the comb-shaped electrode has a shape in which a convex electrode L4 is fitted into a concave electrode L3, the concave electrode L8 is grounded as a common electrode, and the convex electrode L
Reference numeral 4 serves as a driving W pole or a ground electrode and is connected to an external power source (not shown) or to a ground terminal by switching a switch 8. This convex electrode L4 is formed to have the same width as the width of one dot that forms the ON/OFF state of light passage.

また前記対向電極Ｌ】は制御電極として外部電源（不図
示）番こ接続されている。Further, the counter electrode L] is connected to an external power source (not shown) as a control electrode.

前記櫛形電極の凸状電極Ｌ４はスイッチ８により接地端
子に接続された時、櫛形電極Ｌ３．Ｌ４はすべて接地さ
れ、該横形電極Ｌ３．Ｌ４と対向電極Ｌ１との間で制御
電圧ＶＣが印加される。　この制御−圧Ｖｃの印加によ
り液晶５は液晶セルｌの基板２．３に対し垂直方向に強
制的に配向される。When the convex electrode L4 of the comb-shaped electrode is connected to the ground terminal by the switch 8, the comb-shaped electrode L3. L4 are all grounded, and the horizontal electrodes L3. A control voltage VC is applied between L4 and counter electrode L1. By applying this control pressure Vc, the liquid crystal 5 is forcibly aligned in a direction perpendicular to the substrate 2.3 of the liquid crystal cell l.

また櫛形電極の凸状電極Ｌ４が駆動電源に接続された時
、櫛形電極の１８とＬ４との間で駆動電圧Ｖｄが、また
対向電極Ｌ１と櫛形電極Ｌ３との間で制御電圧Ｖｃが印
加され、この駆動電圧Ｖｄ及び制御電圧Ｖｃの印加によ
り、液晶５は両型圧の電界の合成による方向、すなわち
液晶セル１（７）基板２゜３に対し斜め方向に配向され
る。Further, when the convex electrode L4 of the comb-shaped electrode is connected to the drive power source, the drive voltage Vd is applied between the comb-shaped electrode 18 and L4, and the control voltage Vc is applied between the counter electrode L1 and the comb-shaped electrode L3. By applying the driving voltage Vd and the control voltage Vc, the liquid crystal 5 is aligned in a direction due to the combination of the electric fields of both pressures, that is, in a diagonal direction with respect to the liquid crystal cell 1 (7) and the substrate 2.3.

尚、前記櫛形電極Ｌ！ｌ、Ｌ４の歯数は’ＪＪａ図番（
示す３個のものに特定されるもの、ではなく、液晶セル
１の大きさに応じその歯数を任意に変更することが可能
である。In addition, the comb-shaped electrode L! The number of teeth for l and L4 is 'JJa drawing number (
The number of teeth is not limited to the three shown, but can be changed arbitrarily depending on the size of the liquid crystal cell 1.

前記偏光板ＰＯ及びＡｎはそれぞれ液晶セル１の前部及
び後部、すなわち光の入射側及び出射側に配置されてお
り、その偏光軸は互いに直交している。また、偏光板Ｐ
Ｏの偏光軸が液晶セル１の櫛形電極に平行となっている
が、これに代えて偏光板Ａｎをその偏光軸が液晶セル１
の櫛形電極に平行となるよう配置することもできる。The polarizing plates PO and An are respectively disposed at the front and rear of the liquid crystal cell 1, that is, on the light incident side and the light output side, and their polarization axes are orthogonal to each other. In addition, polarizing plate P
The polarizing axis of O is parallel to the comb-shaped electrode of the liquid crystal cell 1, but instead of this, a polarizing plate An is used whose polarizing axis is parallel to the comb-shaped electrode of the liquid crystal cell 1.
It can also be arranged parallel to the comb-shaped electrode.

かくして、本発明の液晶装置において偏光板ＰＯの前部
に光源としてタングステンを発光エレメントとする豆ラ
ンプ（不図示）を配置し、液晶セル１の対向電極Ｌ＋と
櫛形電極Ｌ３．Ｌ４間に制御電圧〜Ｃを印加した場合、
液晶５の分子は液晶セル１の基板に対し垂直方向（第２
図β）Ｚ軸方向）に配向し、ｙ軸方向に偏光軸を有する
偏光板ＰＯにおいてｙ軸方向に偏光された光は液晶５に
より吸収をうけることなくそのまま液晶セルｌ内を通過
する。この液晶セル１を通過したｙ軸方向の光はＸ軸方
向に偏光軸を有する偏光板Ａｎにより完全番こ吸収され
、遮断されて光の通過のＯＦＦ状態が形成される。Thus, in the liquid crystal device of the present invention, a miniature lamp (not shown) having tungsten as a light emitting element is disposed as a light source in front of the polarizing plate PO, and the counter electrode L+ of the liquid crystal cell 1 and the comb-shaped electrode L3. When a control voltage ~C is applied between L4,
The molecules of the liquid crystal 5 are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the substrate of the liquid crystal cell 1 (second direction).
The light polarized in the y-axis direction by the polarizing plate PO, which is oriented in the y-axis direction and has a polarization axis in the y-axis direction, passes through the liquid crystal cell l without being absorbed by the liquid crystal 5. The light in the y-axis direction that has passed through the liquid crystal cell 1 is completely absorbed by a polarizing plate An having a polarization axis in the x-axis direction, and is blocked to form an OFF state for light passage.

尚、この時、液晶セル１の各電極が一定の厚みを有して
いることに起因して、電極側面部に位置する液晶がＸ軸
方向に配向されたとしても、その配向方向は偏光板ＰＯ
の偏光軸（ｙ軸方向）と直交する方向であるため、偏光
板ＰＯを通過したｙ軸方向の光は該電極側面部の液晶（
Ｘ軸方向に配向した液晶）により完全に吸収され、液晶
セル１を通過することはない。従ってこの液晶装置は液
晶セル１の電極側面部においても完全な光の通過の（Ｊ
ＦＦ状態が形成される。At this time, since each electrode of the liquid crystal cell 1 has a certain thickness, even if the liquid crystal located on the side surface of the electrode is aligned in the X-axis direction, the alignment direction will be different from that of the polarizing plate. P.O.
Since the direction is perpendicular to the polarization axis (y-axis direction) of
It is completely absorbed by the liquid crystal (liquid crystal aligned in the X-axis direction) and does not pass through the liquid crystal cell 1. Therefore, this liquid crystal device allows complete light to pass through (J
An FF state is formed.

また液晶セル１の櫛形電極のＬ８ζＬ４　間に駆動電圧
Ｖｄを、対向電極Ｌｌと櫛形電極の１３間に制御電圧Ｖ
ｃを同時に印加した場合、液晶５の分子は液晶セル１の
基板に対し斜め方向（第２図（Ｂ）の２軸とＸ軸の合成
による軸方向）に配向し、ｙ軸方向に偏光軸を有する偏
光＠に’ｏにおいてｙ軸方向４Ｃ偏光された光はその一
部が液晶５によりＸ軸方同番ζ旋光され液晶セル１を通
過する。この液晶セル１を通過したＸ軸方向に旋光され
た光はそのままＸ軸方向に偏光軸を有する偏光板Ａｎを
通過し、光の通過の（ＪＮ状態が形成される。Further, a driving voltage Vd is applied between L8ζL4 of the comb-shaped electrode of the liquid crystal cell 1, and a control voltage Vd is applied between the counter electrode Ll and the comb-shaped electrode 13.
When c is applied at the same time, the molecules of the liquid crystal 5 are oriented obliquely to the substrate of the liquid crystal cell 1 (the axial direction resulting from the combination of the two axes and the X axis in FIG. 2 (B)), and the polarization axis is in the y-axis direction. A part of the light which is polarized by 4C in the y-axis direction at 'o' is ζ-rotated in the X-axis direction by the liquid crystal 5 and passes through the liquid crystal cell 1. The light that has passed through the liquid crystal cell 1 and has been rotated in the X-axis direction passes through the polarizing plate An having its polarization axis in the X-axis direction, and a (JN state) is formed in the light passage.

尚、この時対向する電極Ｌ１とＬ３　　との間の電界の
作用が大きいことに起因して、その部位の液晶が光の通
過の（ＪＦＦ状態を形成する方向に配向したとしても、
櫛形電極Ｌ３は光の通過のＯＮ。At this time, due to the large effect of the electric field between the opposing electrodes L1 and L3, even if the liquid crystal in that region is oriented in the direction of light transmission (forming the JFF state),
Comb-shaped electrode L3 is ON for light passage.

（Ｊ　Ｆ　Ｆ状態を形成する１ドツトの外周部に位置し
ているため光の通過を防げることはなく、通過する光を
極めて強いものとすることができる。(Since it is located at the outer periphery of the one dot that forms the JFF state, it does not prevent light from passing through it, but it can make the light that passes through it extremely strong.

これにより光の通過の（ＪＮ、ＯＦＦ状態が形成される
。This creates a (JN, OFF state) for light passage.

本発明の液晶装置に於いて、横形電極の接地電極Ｌ８の
楡、歯部間隙を１５〜２５μｍ、駆動電極−の電極幅を
１０〜２０μｍ、対向電極Ｌ１の電極幅を１５−２５μ
ｍとし、光の通過の（Ｊ　Ｎ　、　（ＪＦＦ状態を形成
する部位を１５０〜５００μｍ！１の極めて小面積なも
のとすると該液晶装置をプリンタ用光像走査装置の光シ
ヤツターに使用した場合、得られるプリンタ像は所望す
る像に対し、極めて忠実度の高い鮮明な像が得られ好適
である。In the liquid crystal device of the present invention, the gap between the elms and teeth of the horizontal electrode L8 is 15 to 25 μm, the electrode width of the driving electrode is 10 to 20 μm, and the electrode width of the counter electrode L1 is 15 to 25 μm.
m, and the light passing through (J N , (assuming that the portion forming the JFF state has an extremely small area of 150 to 500 μm!1), when the liquid crystal device is used as an optical shutter of an optical image scanning device for a printer, The obtained printer image is suitable because it is a clear image with extremely high fidelity relative to the desired image.

次に本発明の作用効果を以下に示す実施例に基づき説明
する。Next, the effects of the present invention will be explained based on the following examples.

下記の実施例においては液晶セル及び偏光板をｊ８２図
に示すよう墨こ配置するとともに櫛形電極はｊ８３図に
示す形状とした。そして光源としては＆−Ｎｅレーザー
（λ＝６３２８Δ）を使用し、各液晶セルに駆動電圧Ｖ
ｄ、制御電圧〜Ｃをそれぞれ印加して液晶装置としての
応答速度（立上り時間及び立下り時間）及び光の通過の
（Ｊｆ’１１．（ＪＦＩＴ’状態のコントラスト比を測
定した。In the following example, the liquid crystal cell and the polarizing plate were arranged in black and white as shown in Figure J82, and the comb-shaped electrodes were shaped as shown in Figure J83. A &-Ne laser (λ=6328Δ) is used as a light source, and a driving voltage of V is applied to each liquid crystal cell.
d and a control voltage ~C were applied to measure the response speed (rise time and fall time) as a liquid crystal device and the contrast ratio of light passage (Jf'11.(JFIT') state.

尚、応答速度としての立上り時間（Ｉｗｒｉｔｅ　）、
立下り時間（Ｌｅｒａｓｅ　）及びコントラスト比は次
□ 式により規定する。In addition, the rise time (Iwrite) as the response speed,
The fall time (Lerase) and contrast ratio are defined by the following formula.

［ｗｒｉｔｅ　＝　ｕｄｅｌａｙ　＋　Ｔｒｉｓｅｔｅ
ｒａｓｅ＝　　Ｔｄｅｃａｙ 式中、τｄ＋ｅｌａｙ＝透過光強度の最小値から透過光
強度の最大値 の１０％になるまでの 立上性時間 １ｒｉｓｅ＝透過光強度の最大値の １０％から９０％にな るまでの時間 １ｄｅｃａｙ　＝透過光強度の最大値の９０％から１０
％にな るまでの時間 式中、Ｔｍａｚ　：透過光強度の最大値ｉ’ｍｉｎ：透
過光強度の最小値 〔実施例１〕 液晶セル及び偏光板を下記のものより構成し、制御１１
［圧（Ｖｃ　）　トしテロ　０　Ｖ　（ｒ、ｍ、ｓ　）
、駆動電圧（′％Ｉｄ）きして５ＱＶ（ｒ、ｍ、ｓ）を
印加し応答速度及びコントラスト比を測定した。[write = udelay + trisete
raise = Tdecay where τd + elay = rise time from the minimum transmitted light intensity to 10% of the maximum transmitted light intensity 1rise = rise time from 10% to 90% of the maximum transmitted light intensity Time 1decay = 10% from 90% of the maximum transmitted light intensity
% In the formula, Tmaz: Maximum value of transmitted light intensity i'min: Minimum value of transmitted light intensity [Example 1] The liquid crystal cell and polarizing plate were constructed from the following, and the control 11
[Pressure (Vc) 0 V (r, m, s)
, driving voltage ('%Id) was applied, and 5QV (r, m, s) was applied to measure the response speed and contrast ratio.

液晶セル 使Ｍ［晶：ＺＬＩ−１５５７（メルク社製） 透明基板ニガラス基板 電極材料二酸化インジウム 透明基板間隙（液晶層厚）：６．０μｍ偏光板 ＨＮ−３８（ポラロイド社製） （測定結果） 応答速度 ９立上り時間（ｔｗｒｉｔｅ　）　＝　ＱＪｍｓｅｅ立
下り時間（Ｔｄｅｅａｙ　）　＝　Ｑ、　ｌ　６　ｍ５
ｅｃコントラスト比 （実施例２〕 実施例１の液晶セルを用い制御電圧（Ｖｅ　）としテ３
０　Ｖ　（ｒ、ｍ、ｓ　）、　駆動電圧（Ｖｄ　）とし
て３０Ｖ（ｒ、ｍ、ｓ）を印加し実施例１と同一方法で
応答速度、及びコントラスト比を測定した。Liquid crystal cell M [crystal: ZLI-1557 (manufactured by Merck & Co., Ltd.) Transparent substrate, glass substrate, electrode material, indium dioxide Transparent substrate gap (liquid crystal layer thickness): 6.0 μm Polarizing plate HN-38 (manufactured by Polaroid) (Measurement results) Response Speed 9 rise time (twrite) = QJmsee fall time (Tdeeay) = Q, l 6 m5
ec contrast ratio (Example 2) Using the liquid crystal cell of Example 1 and setting the control voltage (Ve) to
The response speed and contrast ratio were measured in the same manner as in Example 1 by applying 0 V (r, m, s) and 30 V (r, m, s) as the driving voltage (Vd).

（測定結果） 応答速度 立上り時間（％ｗｒｉｔｅ　）　＝　９．９　ｍ５ｅｃ
立下り時間（［ｄｅｃａｙ　）　＝　０．２５　ｍ５ｅ
ｃコントラスト比 〔比較例〕 実施例１の液晶セルの電極構造をｓ１図に示すようにし
、制御電圧（Ｖｃ　）として３５Ｖ　（ｒ、ｍ、ｓ　）
、駆動電圧（Ｖｄ　）として３５Ｖ（ｒ。(Measurement results) Response speed rise time (%write) = 9.9 m5ec
Fall time ([decay) = 0.25 m5e
c Contrast ratio [Comparative example] The electrode structure of the liquid crystal cell of Example 1 was made as shown in diagram s1, and the control voltage (Vc) was 35V (r, m, s).
, the driving voltage (Vd) is 35V (r.

ｍ、ｓ　）を印加し応答速度及びコントラスト比を測定
した。m, s) was applied to measure the response speed and contrast ratio.

（測定結果） 応答速度 立上り時間（工ｗｒｉｔｅ　）　＝　９．５　ｍ５ｅｃ
立下り時間（Ｔｄｅｃａｙ　）　＝　６，６　ｍ５ｅｃ
コントラスト比 ’ｌ’ｍａｌ −＝　１２５ １’ｒｎｉｎ 本発明の液晶装置によれば、上記実施例及び比較例の測
定結果からも判るように偏光軸が互いに直交する２枚の
偏光板の間に液晶セルを該液晶セルの櫛形電極か２枚の
偏光板のいずわが一方の偏光軸と平行となるように配置
するととも−【Ｉｉ１形電極を複数個の櫛歯部を有する
接地電極と核横爾部間に位置し、光の通過の（ＪＮ、Ｏ
ＦＦ状態を形成する１ドツトと同一幅を有する駆動電極
とで構成したことにより従来の液晶装置に比し、光の通
過のＯＮ状態とＯＦＦ状態とのコントラスト比が飛躍的
に改良され、かつ応答速度も極めて早い液晶装置が得ら
れる。(Measurement results) Response speed rise time (work write) = 9.5 m5ec
Fall time (Tdecay) = 6,6 m5ec
Contrast ratio 'l'mal -= 125 1'rnin According to the liquid crystal device of the present invention, as can be seen from the measurement results of the above examples and comparative examples, a liquid crystal cell is placed between two polarizing plates whose polarization axes are orthogonal to each other. When the comb-shaped electrode of the liquid crystal cell or the two polarizing plates are arranged so that they are parallel to one polarization axis, the Ii1-shaped electrode is connected to a ground electrode having a plurality of comb-teeth portions and a nuclear lateral portion. located between (JN, O
Compared to conventional liquid crystal devices, the contrast ratio between the ON state and OFF state of light passing is dramatically improved, and the response is A liquid crystal device with extremely high speed can be obtained.

なお、本発明は上述した実施例に限定されるものではな
く、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲であれば種々の変史
は可能である。Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications are possible without departing from the gist of the present invention.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

１８１図（Ａ）（Ｂ）は従来の液晶装置の構造を説明す
るための図、ｊ８２図（Ａ）（Ｂ）は本発明の液晶装置
の構造を説明するための図、ｊ８３図は櫛形電極の一例
を示す平面図である。 １：液晶セル　　２．３＝透明基板 ５：液晶　　　　Ｌ３：接地電極 Ｌ４＝駆動電極　Ｌｌ：対向電極 Ｐｏ、Ａｎ：偏光板 特許出願人　　京都セラミック株式会社代表渚　　稲　
　盛　　和　　夫 河　　　　村　　　　　孝　　　　　夫、１．、 ｉ181 (A) and (B) are diagrams for explaining the structure of a conventional liquid crystal device, j82 (A) and (B) are diagrams for explaining the structure of the liquid crystal device of the present invention, and j83 is a comb-shaped electrode. It is a top view showing an example. 1: Liquid crystal cell 2.3 = Transparent substrate 5: Liquid crystal L3: Ground electrode L4 = Drive electrode Ll: Counter electrode Po, An: Polarizing plate Patent applicant Ina Nagisa, representative of Kyoto Ceramic Co., Ltd.
Kazu Morikawa Takao Mura, 1. , i

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 偏光軸が互いに直交する２枚の偏光板の間に櫛形電極を
有する透明基板と対向電極を有する透明基板とを両電極
が相対向するように近接配置するとともに、両透明基板
間に液晶を封入した液晶セルを、該横形電極が前記２枚
の偏光板のいずれか一方の偏光軸と平行となるようｔＣ
配置した液晶装置において、前記櫛形電極は複数個の櫛
歯部を有する接地電極と、該櫛歯部間に位置し、光の通
過のＯＮ・ｕ　ｙ　Ｆ状態を形成する１ドツトと同一の
幅を有する駆動電極とから成ることを特徴とする液晶装
置。A liquid crystal device in which a transparent substrate having a comb-shaped electrode and a transparent substrate having a counter electrode are arranged in close proximity to each other so that the electrodes face each other between two polarizing plates whose polarization axes are orthogonal to each other, and liquid crystal is sealed between both transparent substrates. The cell is heated at tC such that the horizontal electrode is parallel to the polarization axis of either one of the two polarizing plates.
In the arranged liquid crystal device, the comb-shaped electrode has a ground electrode having a plurality of comb-teeth portions, and a width equal to one dot that is located between the comb-teeth portions and forms an ON/u y F state for light passage. 1. A liquid crystal device comprising: a drive electrode having a drive electrode;
JP10508882A 1982-01-25 1982-06-17 Liquid crystal device Granted JPS58221827A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10508882A JPS58221827A (en) 1982-06-17 1982-06-17 Liquid crystal device
US06/455,932 US4585311A (en) 1982-01-25 1983-01-06 Liquid crystal device having interdigitated electrodes
DE3302332A DE3302332A1 (en) 1982-01-25 1983-01-25 LIQUID CRYSTAL DEVICE

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10508882A JPS58221827A (en) 1982-06-17 1982-06-17 Liquid crystal device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS58221827A true JPS58221827A (en) 1983-12-23
JPH0414328B2 JPH0414328B2 (en) 1992-03-12

Family

ID=14398160

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP10508882A Granted JPS58221827A (en) 1982-01-25 1982-06-17 Liquid crystal device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS58221827A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS599630A (en) * 1982-07-08 1984-01-19 Canon Inc Liquid crystal-optical shutter
JPS62299944A (en) * 1986-06-20 1987-12-26 Sharp Corp Liquid crystal light quantity modulation element
US5084778A (en) * 1989-12-26 1992-01-28 General Electric Company Electrode structure for removing field-induced disclination lines in a phase control type of liquid crystal device

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5823016A (en) * 1981-08-04 1983-02-10 Seiko Epson Corp Liquid-crystal light valve

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5823016A (en) * 1981-08-04 1983-02-10 Seiko Epson Corp Liquid-crystal light valve

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS599630A (en) * 1982-07-08 1984-01-19 Canon Inc Liquid crystal-optical shutter
JPS62299944A (en) * 1986-06-20 1987-12-26 Sharp Corp Liquid crystal light quantity modulation element
JP2502524B2 (en) * 1986-06-20 1996-05-29 シャープ株式会社 Liquid crystal light intensity modulator
US5084778A (en) * 1989-12-26 1992-01-28 General Electric Company Electrode structure for removing field-induced disclination lines in a phase control type of liquid crystal device

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