JPH02211422A - Liquid crystal shutter - Google Patents
Liquid crystal shutterInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02211422A JPH02211422A JP3311989A JP3311989A JPH02211422A JP H02211422 A JPH02211422 A JP H02211422A JP 3311989 A JP3311989 A JP 3311989A JP 3311989 A JP3311989 A JP 3311989A JP H02211422 A JPH02211422 A JP H02211422A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- electrode substrate
- crystal shutter
- crystal layer
- cell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 13
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/133371—Cells with varying thickness of the liquid crystal layer
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は液晶シャッターの構造に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to the structure of a liquid crystal shutter.
従来の液晶シャッターは、液晶層を挟持する２枚の電極
基板の前記液晶層と接する側の面は両側共に平坦であっ
た。In a conventional liquid crystal shutter, both surfaces of two electrode substrates sandwiching a liquid crystal layer, which are in contact with the liquid crystal layer, are flat.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
前記従来技術の様に、電極面が平坦な電極基板を用いる
と、均一なコントラストを必要とする液晶シャッターで
は、特に電圧印加時の視角が狭いという問題点を有して
いた。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] When an electrode substrate with a flat electrode surface is used as in the prior art described above, a liquid crystal shutter that requires uniform contrast has the problem that the viewing angle is narrow especially when a voltage is applied. had.
そこで本発明はこのような問題点を解決するもので、そ
の目的とするところは、広い視角範囲で均一なコントラ
ストをもった液晶シャッターを提供する事にある。The present invention is intended to solve these problems, and its purpose is to provide a liquid crystal shutter that has uniform contrast over a wide viewing angle range.
〔課題を解決するための手段１
本発明の液晶シャッターは、対向する内面に電極が形成
された一対の電極基板間に配向された液晶層を挟持して
なる液晶セルと、前記液晶セルの少なくとも一方の外側
に偏光板を有してなる液晶シャッターにおいて、少なく
とも一方の前記電極基板の前記液晶層と接する側の面が
、凹凸形状を有する事を特徴とする。[Means for Solving the Problems 1] The liquid crystal shutter of the present invention comprises a liquid crystal cell formed by sandwiching an oriented liquid crystal layer between a pair of electrode substrates having electrodes formed on opposing inner surfaces, and at least one of the liquid crystal cells. A liquid crystal shutter having a polarizing plate on one outside thereof is characterized in that a surface of at least one of the electrode substrates on the side that contacts the liquid crystal layer has an uneven shape.
〔実 施 例１
第１図に本発明の液晶シャッターの断面図を示す、同図
において１は上偏光板、２は平坦な電極面を有する上電
極基板で配向処理を施しである。[Example 1] Fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal shutter of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is an upper polarizing plate, and 2 is an upper electrode substrate having a flat electrode surface, which has been subjected to alignment treatment.
３は９０°のねじれ配向したネマチック液晶層で、前記
上電極基板２と対向する下電極基板６とシール材４を介
して挟持されている。下電極基板６の液晶層３に接する
側の面は、ガラス表面をフッ酸等によりエツチングを施
し、そのうえにＩＴＯを形成、さらに配向処理を施しで
ある。５は前記上電極基板２と前記下電極基板６を一定
の間隔に保つためのスペーサーでシール材４の中に混合
されている。７は下偏光板である９以上本実施例の液晶
シャッターの構造について簡単に述べたが、次に第２図
に従って第１図の詳細について述べる。第２図において
下電極基板６はフッ酸等によりエツチングを施し凹凸を
備けである。その上にスパッタ等によりＩＴＯを形成し
である。ＩＴＯ形成後の凹凸の大きさは、高さ方向りが
０〜５ｕｍ、また凹凸の山と山または谷と谷の間隔氾は
１０１１〜５００μｍで、不規則にならんでいる。Reference numeral 3 denotes a 90° twisted nematic liquid crystal layer, which is sandwiched between a lower electrode substrate 6 facing the upper electrode substrate 2 and a sealing material 4 . The surface of the lower electrode substrate 6 in contact with the liquid crystal layer 3 is made by etching the glass surface with hydrofluoric acid or the like, forming ITO thereon, and then subjecting it to an alignment treatment. A spacer 5 is mixed in the sealing material 4 to maintain a constant distance between the upper electrode substrate 2 and the lower electrode substrate 6. 7 is a lower polarizing plate 9 The structure of the liquid crystal shutter of this embodiment has been briefly described, and now the details of FIG. 1 will be described in accordance with FIG. 2. In FIG. 2, the lower electrode substrate 6 is etched with hydrofluoric acid or the like to provide unevenness. ITO is formed thereon by sputtering or the like. The size of the unevenness after ITO formation is 0 to 5 um in the height direction, and the interval between the peaks or valleys of the unevenness is 1011 to 500 μm, and they are arranged irregularly.
以上の様な構造を持つ下電極基板６と平坦な電極表面を
もつ上電極基板２を第１図如きの液晶セルにし、例えば
スペーサー５を５μとすれば液晶セルのセル厚ｄは５
ｒ五〜１０ｕの間の全ての厚さを同一セル内に不規則に
有する事になる。If the lower electrode substrate 6 having the structure described above and the upper electrode substrate 2 having a flat electrode surface are used as a liquid crystal cell as shown in FIG.
All thicknesses between 5 and 10 μm will be irregularly contained in the same cell.
一方、液晶セルの視角依存性は、視角によって液晶の屈
折率異方性△ｎとセル厚ｄとの積、Δｎ×ｄが変化する
たに、すなわち色変化が起こるために起こる。ここで第
２図における液晶層３のΔｎの大きさを、たとえば０．
０８とすれば、Δｎ×ｄは０．４〜０．８μｍに、また
Δｎを０． １６とすれば、ΔｎＸｄは０．８〜１．６
の範囲で、同一セル内に不規則に有する事になる。On the other hand, the viewing angle dependence of a liquid crystal cell occurs because the product of the refractive index anisotropy Δn of the liquid crystal and the cell thickness d, Δn×d, changes depending on the viewing angle, that is, a color change occurs. Here, the magnitude of Δn of the liquid crystal layer 3 in FIG. 2 is set to, for example, 0.
08, Δn×d is 0.4 to 0.8 μm, and Δn is 0. 16, ΔnXd is 0.8 to 1.6
They will be randomly located within the same cell.
よってβ＝１０〜５００μｍと細密なピッチでΔｎ−ｄ
の値が変化するため、各Δｎ−ｄによる色は減色されて
パネルの色づきは殆ど見久なくなる。また液晶セルを斜
め方向から見た場合においても、前記と同様に、細密な
ピッチでΔｎ−ｄが変化するため、色度化が起こらず、
結果として広い視角範囲内で均一なコントラストを有す
る液晶シャッターを作ることができる。Therefore, with a fine pitch of β = 10 to 500 μm, Δn-d
Since the value of Δn−d changes, the color due to each Δn−d is reduced, and the coloring of the panel becomes almost invisible. Furthermore, even when the liquid crystal cell is viewed from an oblique direction, Δn-d changes at a fine pitch, as described above, so chromaticity does not occur.
As a result, it is possible to create a liquid crystal shutter that has uniform contrast within a wide viewing angle range.
第４図は本発明第１の実施例の構造を持つ液晶シャッタ
ーと通常のＴＮ型液晶シャッターの、ＯＮ時の視角方向
と透過率の関係を表わす図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the viewing angle direction and the transmittance when the liquid crystal shutter is turned on, for a liquid crystal shutter having the structure of the first embodiment of the present invention and a normal TN type liquid crystal shutter.
尚セルの詳細な条件は下記の通りである。第４図より、
本発明の液晶表示装置は従来のＴＮ型液晶シャッターに
比べて広い視野範囲内で均一なコントラストを得られる
事がわかる。The detailed conditions of the cell are as follows. From Figure 4,
It can be seen that the liquid crystal display device of the present invention can obtain uniform contrast within a wider viewing range than the conventional TN type liquid crystal shutter.
本発明の液晶シャッター （Ａ）
・ポジ型（電圧無印加時の透過率の方が、印加時の透過
率より高い表示）
・Δｎ−ｄの範囲 ０．８〜１．６ｕ
・ツイストＭ ９０゜
ＴＮ型液晶シャッター （Ｂ）
・ポジ型
・ΔｎＸｄ＝１．１μ
・ツイスト角 ９０゜
測定条件
セルの垂直方向からのなす角θが３０゛である方向から
の透過率の変化を全周測定した。Liquid crystal shutter of the present invention (A) ・Positive type (transmittance when no voltage is applied is higher than when voltage is applied) ・Range of Δn-d 0.8 to 1.6u ・Twist M 90° TN type liquid crystal shutter (B) - Positive type - ΔnXd=1.1μ - Twist angle 90° Measurement conditions Changes in transmittance from a direction where the angle θ from the vertical direction of the cell is 30° were measured all around.
駆動条件
５Ｖ−３ＴＡＴＩＣ波形を印加
実施例２
第３図は本発明第２の実施例における液晶シャッターの
断面図である。同図に於て８は上偏光板９及び１３はそ
れぞれ上下電極基板で、液晶層ｌＯに接する側の面はガ
ラス表面をフッ酸等によりエツチングを施しその上にＩ
ＴＯを形成、さらに配向処理を施しである。ｌＯの液晶
層は９０°のねじれ配向したネマチック液晶層でシール
材１１及びスペーサー１２を介して挟持されている、１
４は下偏光板である。Driving Condition: Applying 5V-3TATIC Waveform Embodiment 2 FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal shutter in a second embodiment of the present invention. In the same figure, upper polarizing plates 9 and 13 are upper and lower electrode substrates, respectively, and the surface of the glass surface in contact with the liquid crystal layer 10 is etched with hydrofluoric acid or the like, and an I.
TO is formed and further subjected to orientation treatment. The liquid crystal layer of IO is sandwiched between a 90° twisted nematic liquid crystal layer with a sealant 11 and a spacer 12 interposed therebetween.
4 is a lower polarizing plate.
向上下電極基板９及び１３のＩＴＯ形成後の凹凸の大き
さは共に高さが０〜５μｍ、また凹凸の山と山または谷
と谷の間隔はｌＯμｍ〜５００ｕｍで不規則にならんで
いる。The height of the unevenness after ITO formation on the lower electrode substrates 9 and 13 is 0 to 5 μm, and the intervals between the peaks and valleys of the unevenness are 10 μm to 500 μm and are arranged irregularly.
以上の様なセル構造でたとえば３μｍのスペーサーを用
いるとセル厚は同一セル内に３〜１３ｕの不規則なもの
ができ、液晶のΔｎを０．１４とすれば、ΔｎＸｄは０
．４２〜１．８２の範囲で、同一セル内に不規則に有す
る事になる。よって本発明第１の実施例と同様に、広い
視角範囲内で均一なコントラストを有する液晶シャッタ
ーを提供できる。If, for example, a 3 μm spacer is used in the cell structure described above, the cell thickness will be irregular in the range of 3 to 13 μm within the same cell, and if Δn of the liquid crystal is 0.14, ΔnXd will be 0.
．． 42 to 1.82, and are irregularly present in the same cell. Therefore, similarly to the first embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal shutter having uniform contrast within a wide viewing angle range.
実施例３
第５図は本発明第１実施例における液晶シャッターをサ
ングラスとして使用した一例である。メガネレンズとし
ての本発明の液晶シャッター１７はポジ型にしてあり、
太陽電池１６の光起電力により０Ｎ−ＯＦＦする仕組み
になっている。１５はメガネフレームで、太陽電池の裏
側に液晶シャッター駆動用の回路が内蔵しである。Embodiment 3 FIG. 5 is an example in which the liquid crystal shutter according to the first embodiment of the present invention is used as sunglasses. The liquid crystal shutter 17 of the present invention as a spectacle lens is of a positive type,
The system is designed to turn on and off using the photovoltaic force of the solar cell 16. Reference numeral 15 denotes a glasses frame, which has a built-in circuit for driving the liquid crystal shutter on the back side of the solar cell.
なお、実施例１及び２において
液晶層に９０°ツイストしたネマチック液晶を用いた実
施例について述べてきたが、本発明はこれに限定されろ
ものではなく、ツイスト角、液晶材料は、電気光学素子
として用いられるものなら何でも良い。また電極基板の
凹凸の大きさも特に限定されるものではない。Although Examples 1 and 2 have been described using 90° twisted nematic liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the twist angle and liquid crystal material may vary depending on the electro-optical element. Anything that can be used as such is fine. Furthermore, the size of the unevenness on the electrode substrate is not particularly limited.
［発明の効果］
以上述べたように１本発明の前記構成によれば広い視角
範囲内において均一なコントラストを有する液晶シャツ
ツク−を提供する事ができる。特にメガネとして使用す
る液晶サングラスや、３Ｄ装置（立体映像装置）に用い
るメガネシャッター用として効果が大きい。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the configuration of the present invention, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal shirt having uniform contrast within a wide viewing angle range. It is particularly effective for use in liquid crystal sunglasses used as eyeglasses and glasses shutters used in 3D devices (stereoscopic imaging devices).
第１図は本発明の液晶シャッターの断面図。
第２図は第１図の詳細図。
第３図は本発明第２の実施例における液晶シャッターの
断面図。
第４図は本発明の液晶シャッターの視角方向と透過率の
関係を表わす図（垂直方向からのなす角が３０°のとき
の全周方向の透過率の変化）第５図は本発明第１実施例
における液晶シャッターをサングラスとして用いた正面
図。
１・・・偏光板１
２・・・上電極基板
液晶層
シール材
スペーサー
下電極基板
下偏殉板
下電極基板のＩＴＯ上の凹凸の高低
差
ｅ・・・下電極基板のＩＴＯ上の凹凸の山と山または谷
と谷の間隔
セル厚
上偏光板
上電極基板
液晶層
シール材
スペーサー
下電極基板
下偏光板
本発明の液晶シャッターの視角−透
過率特性
ＴＮ型液晶シャッターの視角−透過
Ｂ ・ ・
ｄ ・
８ ・
９ ・
１０ ・
ｌ １ ・
１２ ・
ｌ ３ ・
１４ ・
Ａ ・
率特性
１５・・・メガネ用フレーム
１６・・・太陽電池
１７・・・本発明の液晶シャッター
以上
出願人 セイコーエプソン株式会社
代理人 弁理士 鈴 木 喜三部（他１名）ｌ
第
図
第２
図
第６
図
第４図
第５
図FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the liquid crystal shutter of the present invention. Figure 2 is a detailed view of Figure 1. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal shutter in a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the viewing angle direction and the transmittance of the liquid crystal shutter of the present invention (change in transmittance in the entire circumferential direction when the angle formed from the vertical direction is 30°). The front view which uses the liquid crystal shutter in an Example as sunglasses. 1... Polarizing plate 1 2... Upper electrode substrate liquid crystal layer sealing material spacer Lower electrode substrate Lower polarization plate Height difference e... of unevenness on ITO of the lower electrode substrate Peak-to-peak or valley-to-trough spacing Cell thickness Upper polarizing plate Upper electrode substrate Liquid crystal layer sealing material Spacer Lower electrode substrate Lower polarizing plate Viewing angle-transmittance characteristics of the liquid crystal shutter of the present invention Viewing angle-transmission B of the TN type liquid crystal shutter d ・ 8 ・ 9 ・ 10 ・ l 1 ・ 12 ・ l 3 ・ 14 ・ A Company agent Patent attorney Kisanbe Suzuki (and 1 other person) Figure 2 Figure 6 Figure 4 Figure 5
Claims (1)
向された液晶層を挟持してなる液晶セルと、前記液晶セ
ルの少なくとも一方の外側に偏光板を有してなる液晶シ
ャッターにおいて、少なくとも一方の前記電極基板の前
記液晶層と接する側の面が、凹凸形状を有する事を特徴
とする液晶シャッター。A liquid crystal cell comprising an oriented liquid crystal layer sandwiched between a pair of electrode substrates having electrodes formed on opposing inner surfaces; and a liquid crystal shutter comprising a polarizing plate on the outside of at least one of the liquid crystal cells. A liquid crystal shutter characterized in that a surface of one of the electrode substrates in contact with the liquid crystal layer has an uneven shape.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3311989A JPH02211422A (en) | 1989-02-13 | 1989-02-13 | Liquid crystal shutter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3311989A JPH02211422A (en) | 1989-02-13 | 1989-02-13 | Liquid crystal shutter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02211422A true JPH02211422A (en) | 1990-08-22 |
Family
ID=12377744
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3311989A Pending JPH02211422A (en) | 1989-02-13 | 1989-02-13 | Liquid crystal shutter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02211422A (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1139152A1 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2001-10-04 | Hewlett-Packard Company, A Delaware Corporation | Liquid crystal alignment structure |
| EP1139153A1 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2001-10-04 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Liquid crystal alignment |
| EP1139150A1 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2001-10-04 | Hewlett-Packard Company, A Delaware Corporation | Liquid crystal alignment structure |
| EP1139154A1 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2001-10-04 | Hewlett-Packard Company, A Delaware Corporation | Liquid crystal alignment |
| KR20020041382A (en) * | 2002-05-08 | 2002-06-01 | 김용범 | Liquid-crystal shutter of the 3d image display apparatus |
| US6903790B2 (en) | 2000-03-27 | 2005-06-07 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company | Bistable nematic liquid crystal device |
| US6992741B2 (en) | 2001-06-22 | 2006-01-31 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Bistable nematic liquid crystal device |
| US7460200B2 (en) | 2000-03-27 | 2008-12-02 | Helwett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Liquid crystal alignment |
| JP2011169948A (en) * | 2010-02-16 | 2011-09-01 | Fujifilm Corp | Patterning retardation film and method for producing the same, polarized glasses, and video display system and method for producing the same |
-
1989
- 1989-02-13 JP JP3311989A patent/JPH02211422A/en active Pending
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6798481B2 (en) | 2000-03-27 | 2004-09-28 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Liquid crystal alignment |
| KR100794888B1 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2008-01-14 | 휴렛-팩커드 컴퍼니(델라웨어주법인) | Liquid crystal alignment |
| EP1139150A1 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2001-10-04 | Hewlett-Packard Company, A Delaware Corporation | Liquid crystal alignment structure |
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