JPS5820119A - Culturing of mushroom - Google Patents
Culturing of mushroomInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5820119A JPS5820119A JP56117507A JP11750781A JPS5820119A JP S5820119 A JPS5820119 A JP S5820119A JP 56117507 A JP56117507 A JP 56117507A JP 11750781 A JP11750781 A JP 11750781A JP S5820119 A JPS5820119 A JP S5820119A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- enoki
- carbon dioxide
- mushrooms
- enoki mushrooms
- mushroom
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発′明は、えのき茸の傘が開き過ぎることなく傘を適
度に小さくすぼめて生育させることのできるえのき茸栽
培法に関するものである。 −野生のえのき茸は、通
常茎は３〜５ｍｍあり黒色をしている。また傘はその直
径が１０〜２０ｍｍに展開していて暗かつ色をしている
。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for cultivating enoki mushrooms, which allows enoki mushrooms to be grown by reducing the caps to an appropriate size without opening the caps too much. - Wild enoki mushrooms usually have stems that are 3 to 5 mm long and black in color. The umbrella has a diameter of 10 to 20 mm and is dark and colored.
しかしながら人工栽培されたえのき茸はもやしのように
白く、傘も小さくすぼんでいる。これは人工栽培のえの
き茸は太陽光線が当らない室内にて生育するからであシ
、また需要者も茶かっ色したものよシ白くて傘が小さく
すぼんだものをより好む。However, artificially grown enoki mushrooms are white like bean sprouts and have small, sunken caps. This is because artificially cultivated enoki mushrooms grow indoors where they are not exposed to sunlight, and consumers also prefer white mushrooms with small, sunken caps over brownish ones.
さらに、傘が開いたえのき茸は、一般に水分含有量が多
量で、いわゆる水きのこと呼ばれ、腐敗し易い。またえ
のき茸は通常小単位づつにナイロン製の袋に袋詰めされ
て出荷されるが、その際に上記の傘の開いたえのき茸は
、傘が押し潰されてその外観を損い易く、商品価値を著
しく低下させてしまう難点がある。Furthermore, enoki mushrooms with open caps generally contain a large amount of water, are called water mushrooms, and are easily rotten. In addition, enoki mushrooms are usually packaged in small units in nylon bags and shipped, but at that time, if the enoki mushrooms have open caps, the caps are likely to be crushed, damaging the appearance of the product. There are drawbacks that can significantly reduce the value.
そのため、えのき茸の人工栽培に当っては需要者の好む
高品質の傘が適度に小さくすぼんだえのき茸を栽培する
必要がある。Therefore, when cultivating enoki mushrooms artificially, it is necessary to cultivate enoki mushrooms that are of high quality and have appropriately small caps that consumers prefer.
きのこ栽培部屋内で培養基が入った培養瓶中でえのき茸
を人工栽培する場合に、えのき茸をこの様に傘を適度に
小さくすぼませて生育させるには、えのき茸の一連の栽
培過程における生育２期、すなわち芽出し後抑制を行っ
て培養瓶中から発生したえのき茸の茎の長さや傘の大き
さ′を揃えた後、培養瓶の瓶口に紙巻きをし、温度を４
°Ｃないし、５０Ｃに、湿度を７５〜８５％程度に保持
したきのこ栽培部屋に生育中のえのき茸を置いて収穫で
きるまでに育て上げる期間、きのこ栽培部屋の換気量を
できるだけ低く抑えると傘が適度に小さくすぼんだ高品
質のえのき茸を生育できることが経験則上知られている
。When artificially cultivating enoki mushrooms in a culture bottle containing a culture medium in a mushroom cultivation room, in order to grow the enoki mushrooms with their caps constricted to an appropriate size, there are several steps to be taken in the cultivation process of enoki mushrooms. After the second growth stage, that is, post-sprouting suppression to equalize the stem length and cap size of the enoki mushrooms that have emerged from the culture bottle, wrap paper around the opening of the culture bottle and lower the temperature to 4.
When growing enoki mushrooms are placed in a mushroom cultivation room kept at 50°C or 50°C and a humidity of 75 to 85%, the amount of ventilation in the mushroom cultivation room can be kept as low as possible during the growing period until they can be harvested. It is known from experience that it is possible to grow small, shrunken, high-quality enoki mushrooms.
しかしながら、通常のきのこ栽培部屋は室内の密閉状態
が悪くて室外の空気が容易に室内へと自然流入し易く、
その換気量を少くすることが難しい。また、室内作業を
行う必要上、きのこ栽培部屋に栽培者がしばしば扉を開
けて出入シするため、その都度室外の空気が室内へと流
入し、換気量を低く抑えるととができない。さらに栽培
作業の都合で、きのこ栽培部屋内の培養瓶の版数を増や
せず、培養瓶１本当シのきのこ栽培部屋の室内容量が大
きな場合は、栽培部屋の換気量を極カ抑えるようにして
も生育中のえのき茸の傘が開き易くなシ、傘を適度に小
さくすぼめて生育し難い。However, ordinary mushroom cultivation rooms are poorly sealed, and outdoor air easily flows into the room.
It is difficult to reduce the amount of ventilation. Furthermore, in order to perform indoor work, growers often open the door to go in and out of the mushroom cultivation room, which causes air from outside to flow into the room each time, making it impossible to keep the amount of ventilation low. Furthermore, if the number of culture bottles in the mushroom cultivation room cannot be increased due to cultivation work, and the indoor capacity of the mushroom cultivation room with one culture bottle is large, try to minimize the amount of ventilation in the cultivation room. The caps of growing enoki mushrooms do not open easily, and the caps should be shrunk to a moderate size to make it difficult to grow.
この様なことから、生育期にあるえのき茸を、換気量を
極少に抑えるようにしてきのこ栽培室内に置いて育て、
常に傘の適度に小さくすほんだ高品質のえのき茸を生育
することは上述の各種条件が絡み、非常に困難である。For this reason, enoki mushrooms during the growing season are grown in a mushroom cultivation room with minimal ventilation.
It is extremely difficult to consistently grow high-quality enoki mushrooms with appropriately small caps due to the various conditions mentioned above.
そこで本発明者は上述のえのき茸栽培の難点を解消すべ
く、種々の研究、実験を重ねた結果、生育期にあるえの
き茸を置いたきのこ栽培部屋内の空気中の二酸化炭素を
シリカゲル等を用いて吸着して取り除き、二酸化炭素の
濃度を下げると、傘が大きく開いたえのき茸が得られる
ことを発見した。さらに、逆に生育期にあるえのき茸を
置いたきのこ栽培部屋内の空気中に二酸化炭素を供給し
て二酸化炭素の濃度を上げると、傘が小さくすぼまった
えのき茸を生育できることを発見した。Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned difficulties in cultivating enoki mushrooms, the inventor of the present invention has conducted various research and experiments, and as a result, has used silica gel etc. to remove carbon dioxide from the air in the mushroom cultivation room where enoki mushrooms are kept during the growing season. They discovered that by adsorbing and removing carbon dioxide and lowering the concentration of carbon dioxide, enoki mushrooms with wide-open caps could be obtained. Furthermore, they discovered that by increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide by supplying carbon dioxide to the air in the mushroom cultivation room where enoki mushrooms are placed during the growing season, enoki mushrooms with smaller caps can be grown. .
一般に、きのこは隠花植物で、葉緑素を持たず、光合成
によシ酸素を作り出すことをしない。その代りに一方的
な呼吸作用すなわち空気中の酸素を 。In general, mushrooms are crypto-flowering plants, do not have chlorophyll, and do not produce oxygen through photosynthesis. Instead, it uses unilateral respiration, i.e., oxygen in the air.
吸って二酸化炭素を吐き出している。このえのき茸の呼
吸量は通常重量比で人間の３００〜５００倍、すなわち
１人の人間と同重量のえのき茸は人間に比べて空気中か
ら酸素を人間の３００〜５００倍も吸入し、その分二酸
化炭素を多く空気中に吐き出していることが知られてい
る。It inhales and exhales carbon dioxide. The amount of respiration of this enoki mushroom is normally 300 to 500 times that of a human being.In other words, an enoki mushroom with the same weight as a person inhales 300 to 500 times more oxygen from the air than a human. It is known that they emit a lot of carbon dioxide into the air.
そのため、密閉状態のきのこ栽培部屋内できのこを生育
すると、えのき茸の呼吸作用にょシ室内の空気中の二酸
化炭素の濃度が室外に比べてがなり高くなるはずであシ
、その結果、換気量を極少に抑えた栽培部屋内でえのき
茸を生育すると、このえのき茸の呼吸作用によシ生じた
二酸化炭素がえのき茸に作用して傘が小さくすぼんだえ
のき茸が生育できることが判明した。Therefore, if mushrooms are grown in a sealed mushroom cultivation room, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air inside the room will be much higher than that outside due to the respiration effect of enoki mushrooms, and as a result, the amount of ventilation will increase. It has been found that when enoki mushrooms are grown in a cultivation room with minimal air pollution, the carbon dioxide produced by the enoki mushroom's respiration acts on the enoki mushroom, resulting in the growth of enoki mushrooms with small, shrunken caps.
そこで本発明者は、傘が適度に小さくすぼんだ高品質の
えのき茸を生育するには、生育期にあるえのき茸を高濃
度の二酸化炭素を含む空気中に置いて生育すれば良いこ
とに想到した。Therefore, the present inventor came up with the idea that in order to grow high-quality enoki mushrooms with appropriately small and constricted caps, enoki mushrooms during the growing season should be grown in an atmosphere containing a high concentration of carbon dioxide. did.
すなわち、本発明の目的は、えのき茸の傘を適度に小さ
くすぼめて生育することができる生育期にあるえのき茸
を所定濃度の二酸化炭素を含む空気中に置いて生育する
ことを特徴とするえのき茸栽培法を提供することにある
。That is, an object of the present invention is to produce an enoki mushroom characterized by growing the enoki mushroom by keeping the cap of the enoki mushroom in a suitable growing season and placing it in air containing a predetermined concentration of carbon dioxide. The purpose is to provide a mushroom cultivation method.
以下、本発明の実施例について図面に従い説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
通常の大気中−二酸化炭素の濃度は３００ｐｐｍ程度で
ある。そして生育期にあるえの六茸を栽培している換気
量を抑えたきのこ栽培室の空気中の二酸化炭素の濃度は
平均して１５００ｐｐｍ程度に上昇している。これは、
上述したえのき茸の呼吸作用により、えのき耳中から二
酸化炭素が排出されるからである。The concentration of carbon dioxide in the normal atmosphere is about 300 ppm. During the growing season, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air in the mushroom cultivation room where the amount of ventilation is kept low has risen to about 1,500 ppm on average. this is,
This is because carbon dioxide is expelled from the ears of enoki mushrooms due to the above-mentioned respiratory action of enoki mushrooms.
この生育期にあるえのき茸を栽培するきのこ栽培部屋内
の空気中の二酸化炭素の濃度を人工的に所定値まで上げ
てきのこ栽培を行うと、きのこ栽培部屋の換気量を極少
に抑えて生育したのと同様の効果が得られ、傘１０が適
度に小さくすぼんだ高品質のえのき茸が生育できる。If the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air in the mushroom cultivation room where enoki mushrooms are cultivated during this growing season is artificially raised to a predetermined value, the mushrooms will grow with minimal ventilation in the mushroom cultivation room. The same effect as above can be obtained, and high quality enoki mushrooms with caps 10 that are appropriately small and constricted can be grown.
実験結果によると、生育期にあるえのき茸を５０００〜
ｌｏｏｏｏｐｐｍ程度の濃度の二酸化炭素を含む空気中
に置いて生育すると、第２図に示されるごとく、導度に
傘ｌＯが小さくすぼんだ高品質のえのき茸が生育できた
。According to the experimental results, 5,000 to 5,000 enoki mushrooms during the growing season
When grown in air containing carbon dioxide at a concentration of about looooppm, high-quality enoki mushrooms with conductive caps LO small and concave, as shown in FIG. 2, were grown.
なお、生育期にあるえのき茸をこれ以上の二酸化炭素を
含む空気中に置いて育てると、生育が阻害され、かえっ
てえのき茸が不揃いとなシ、品質も低下しその収量が激
減すると共に、この様な高濃度の二酸化炭素が充満した
きのこ栽培部屋内に入って作業を行う栽培者にも長時開
店ると人体に悪影響を及ぼすこととなる。また逆に、き
のこ栽培部屋内の空気中の二酸化炭素濃度を極度に下げ
ると、第１図に示されるごとく傘ｌＯが開いた水きのこ
の発生が見られた。In addition, if enoki mushrooms during the growing season are left in air that contains more carbon dioxide than this, their growth will be inhibited, the enoki mushrooms will become uneven, the quality will deteriorate, and the yield will drastically decrease. Even for growers who work inside mushroom cultivation rooms filled with high concentrations of carbon dioxide, keeping them open for long periods of time can have a negative impact on the human body. On the other hand, when the carbon dioxide concentration in the air inside the mushroom cultivation room was extremely reduced, water mushrooms with open caps were observed as shown in Figure 1.
そのため、きのこ栽培部屋内の空気中の二酸化炭素の濃
度はほぼ５０００〜ｌ１００ＯＯｐｐ程度に保持する必
要があり、室内には二酸化炭素発生機器と、二酸化炭素
濃度測定機とを設置し、この測定機にて空気中の二酸化
炭素濃度を測定しつつ二酸化炭素発生機器を適宜作動さ
せてきのと栽培部屋内の空気中の二酸化炭素濃度を常に
上記所定値に保持するようにする。Therefore, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air inside the mushroom cultivation room needs to be maintained at approximately 5000 to 1100OOpp, and a carbon dioxide generating device and a carbon dioxide concentration measuring device are installed in the room. While measuring the carbon dioxide concentration in the air, the carbon dioxide generating device is operated appropriately to maintain the carbon dioxide concentration in the air in the cultivation room at the above-mentioned predetermined value.
また、きのこ栽培部屋には換気機器を設けておき、室内
空気中の二酸化炭素濃度が所定値以上に達した場合は、
適宜換気機器を作動させて室内空気を室外空気に換気し
、室内空気中の二酸化炭素の濃度を下げるようにする。In addition, ventilation equipment is installed in the mushroom cultivation room, and if the carbon dioxide concentration in the indoor air reaches a predetermined value or higher,
Operate ventilation equipment as appropriate to ventilate indoor air into outdoor air to reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in indoor air.
さらに、二酸化炭素は空気に比べてその比重が大きく、
きのこ栽培部屋の下部に滞留し続は易い。Furthermore, carbon dioxide has a higher specific gravity than air,
It is easy to stay in the lower part of the mushroom cultivation room and continue.
そのためにきのこ栽培部屋の上部の棚に置いた培養瓶中
のえのき茸と下部の棚に置いた培養瓶中のえのき茸との
生育状態が揃わなかったり、棚上部の′えのき茸の傘が
開き過ぎることの表いように、きのこ栽培部屋にはサー
キュレータ−を設けておき、適宜サーキュレータ−を作
動させて室内空気を強制循環させ、室内空気中の二酸化
炭素濃度が室内上部と下部とで変化することなく均一な
状態に保持されるようにすることが必要である。As a result, the growth conditions of the enoki mushrooms in culture bottles placed on the top shelf of the mushroom cultivation room and the enoki mushrooms in culture bottles placed on the bottom shelf may not match, or the caps of the enoki mushrooms on the top shelf may open. As shown in the table above, a circulator is installed in the mushroom cultivation room, and the circulator is operated as needed to forcefully circulate indoor air, and the carbon dioxide concentration in the indoor air changes between the upper and lower parts of the room. It is necessary to maintain a uniform state without any distortion.
なお、上述の生育期にあるえのき茸が収納されたきのこ
栽培部屋内の二酸化炭素濃度を自動的に所定値に保持す
るために、マイクロコンピュータ−等の制御機器をきの
こ栽培部屋に設けて二酸化炭素発生機器や換気機器を自
動的に制御するようにしても良い。In addition, in order to automatically maintain the carbon dioxide concentration in the mushroom cultivation room containing the enoki mushrooms during the above-mentioned growing season at a predetermined value, a control device such as a microcomputer is installed in the mushroom cultivation room to reduce the carbon dioxide concentration. The generating equipment and ventilation equipment may be automatically controlled.
以上の結果、本発明に係るえのき茸栽培法を用いてえの
き茸を生育すれば、常に適度に傘が小さく窄んだ需要者
が好む高品質のえのき茸を容易に生産することが可能と
なる。As a result of the above, if enoki mushrooms are grown using the enoki mushroom cultivation method according to the present invention, it is possible to easily produce high-quality enoki mushrooms with appropriately small caps that are preferred by consumers. .
また、栽培者は生育期におけるえのき茸を収納している
きのこ栽培部屋の換気量を極少に抑えるために室内の密
閉状態を良くしたり、栽培量を調節したり、きのこ栽培
室内への栽培者の出入りを極力少なくするように注意す
る煩わしさから解放され、常に失敗の無い傘が小さく窄
んだ高品質のえのき茸栽培が行える。In addition, in order to minimize the amount of ventilation in the mushroom cultivation room where enoki mushrooms are stored during the growing season, the grower must keep the room well-sealed, adjust the amount of cultivation, This eliminates the hassle of having to be careful to minimize the amount of enoki mushrooms going in and out, and allows for the cultivation of high-quality enoki mushrooms with small umbrellas without failure.
さらに傘が開いたいわゆる水きのこが無くなり、小分量
に区分けしてナイロン袋に入れて包装して出荷する際に
も傘が損傷してその外観を著しく低下させてしまうこと
がなく、適度に傘が小さく窄んだ姿の揃った高品質のえ
のき茸が供給できる。In addition, there are no so-called water mushrooms with open umbrellas, and when the umbrella is divided into small portions, packaged in nylon bags, and shipped, the umbrella will not be damaged and its appearance will deteriorate significantly. We can supply high-quality enoki mushrooms with small, constricted shapes.
さらにまた、二酸化炭素は安定していて爆発することが
なく安全であシ、生育期にあるえのき茸栽培に必要な上
述程度の濃度の二酸化炭素中に人間が居ても人体に悪影
響を及ぼすことが無い等の効果がある。Furthermore, carbon dioxide is stable, non-explosive, and safe, and even if humans are present in the above-mentioned concentration of carbon dioxide required for enoki mushroom cultivation during the growing season, it will not have an adverse effect on the human body. There are effects such as no
第１図は傘が開き過ぎた状態のえのき茸の正面中央縦断
面図、第２図は適度に傘が小さく窄んだ状態のえのき茸
の正面中央縦断面図である。
ｌＯ・・・傘、 １２・・・茎。
特許出願人
長野木田工業株式会社
代理人
松 １） 宗 久
第１図
１０
第２図FIG. 1 is a front center vertical cross-sectional view of an enoki mushroom with its cap opening too wide, and FIG. 2 is a front center longitudinal cross-sectional view of an enoki mushroom with its cap narrowed to a moderately small size. lO...umbrella, 12...stem. Patent applicant Naganokida Kogyo Co., Ltd. Agent Matsu 1) Hisashi Sou Figure 1 10 Figure 2
Claims (1)
む空気中に置いて生育することを特徴とするえのき茸栽
培法。1. An enoki mushroom cultivation method characterized by growing enoki mushrooms in the growing season in air containing a predetermined concentration of carbon dioxide.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56117507A JPS5820119A (en) | 1981-07-27 | 1981-07-27 | Culturing of mushroom |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56117507A JPS5820119A (en) | 1981-07-27 | 1981-07-27 | Culturing of mushroom |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5820119A true JPS5820119A (en) | 1983-02-05 |
Family
ID=14713463
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56117507A Pending JPS5820119A (en) | 1981-07-27 | 1981-07-27 | Culturing of mushroom |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5820119A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62143614A (en) * | 1985-12-18 | 1987-06-26 | 株式会社 アキタ | Culture of mushroom |
| JPS62228211A (en) * | 1986-03-28 | 1987-10-07 | 寺澤 泰 | Culture of mushroom |
| JPS6336713A (en) * | 1986-07-30 | 1988-02-17 | 寺澤 泰 | Culture of mushroom |
| JPS63181932A (en) * | 1987-01-24 | 1988-07-27 | 株式会社 アキタ | Abscess food and culture thereof |
| JPH01228414A (en) * | 1988-03-07 | 1989-09-12 | Saishin:Kk | Mushroom culture and device therefor |
| JP2010148504A (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2010-07-08 | Takara Bio Inc | Mushroom bed cultivation method of lyophyllum shimeji |
| JP2011160759A (en) * | 2010-02-14 | 2011-08-25 | Hiromichi Fujimoto | Method for cultivating sclerotium of sparassis crispa |
-
1981
- 1981-07-27 JP JP56117507A patent/JPS5820119A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62143614A (en) * | 1985-12-18 | 1987-06-26 | 株式会社 アキタ | Culture of mushroom |
| JPH0446532B2 (en) * | 1985-12-18 | 1992-07-30 | Akita Kk | |
| JPS62228211A (en) * | 1986-03-28 | 1987-10-07 | 寺澤 泰 | Culture of mushroom |
| JPS6336713A (en) * | 1986-07-30 | 1988-02-17 | 寺澤 泰 | Culture of mushroom |
| JPS63181932A (en) * | 1987-01-24 | 1988-07-27 | 株式会社 アキタ | Abscess food and culture thereof |
| JPH01228414A (en) * | 1988-03-07 | 1989-09-12 | Saishin:Kk | Mushroom culture and device therefor |
| JP2010148504A (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2010-07-08 | Takara Bio Inc | Mushroom bed cultivation method of lyophyllum shimeji |
| JP2011160759A (en) * | 2010-02-14 | 2011-08-25 | Hiromichi Fujimoto | Method for cultivating sclerotium of sparassis crispa |
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