JPS58170963A - Gear made of fiber reinforcing plastics - Google Patents
Gear made of fiber reinforcing plasticsInfo
- Publication number
- JPS58170963A JPS58170963A JP57054438A JP5443882A JPS58170963A JP S58170963 A JPS58170963 A JP S58170963A JP 57054438 A JP57054438 A JP 57054438A JP 5443882 A JP5443882 A JP 5443882A JP S58170963 A JPS58170963 A JP S58170963A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gear
- reinforcing fiber
- tape
- fibers
- fiber bundle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D15/00—Producing gear wheels or similar articles with grooves or projections, e.g. control knobs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
- F16H55/06—Use of materials; Use of treatments of toothed members or worms to affect their intrinsic material properties
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は軽量で耐久性にすぐれた繊維強化プラスチツク
製歯車に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a gear made of fiber-reinforced plastic that is lightweight and has excellent durability.
プラスチック製歯車は近年設計技術、製造技術の進歩に
よりその応用範囲はますます拡大しつつある。プラスチ
ック製歯車材料としては現在フェノール積層品、ナイロ
ン、ポリアセタールなどがあるが、これらは機械的強度
、弾性率か低いうえに疲労特性、摩耗特性においても十
分てないため高負荷、高速、高温中では使用できない欠
点がある。The range of applications for plastic gears is increasingly expanding due to advances in design and manufacturing technology in recent years. Currently, there are phenolic laminates, nylon, polyacetal, etc. as materials for plastic gears, but these have low mechanical strength and modulus of elasticity, as well as insufficient fatigue and wear characteristics, so they cannot be used under high loads, high speeds, and high temperatures. There are drawbacks that make it unusable.
そのため炭素繊維、ガラス繊維等の短繊維を樹脂中に混
入させたものが工夫されているが、これらのものも強度
、弾性率が低く、上述した条件下では使用不可能である
。For this reason, resins in which short fibers such as carbon fibers and glass fibers are mixed have been devised, but these materials also have low strength and elastic modulus and cannot be used under the above-mentioned conditions.
これに対し炭素繊維、ガラス繊維、ケブラー繊維（米国
ディボン社の商品名）等の連続繊維と、エポキシ、フェ
ノール、ポリエステル、ポリイミド樹脂等の熱硬化性樹
脂又はポリスルフォン、ポリエーテルスルフォン樹脂等
の耐熱性のすぐれた熱可塑性樹脂を組合せて製作した繊
維強化プラスチック（以下ＦＲＰと呼ぶ）は、■軽くて
強度、弾性率が高い、■酸及びアルカリに対し４食性が
ある、■疲労強度が高い、■振動減衰性が良し）、■摩
耗特性にすぐれている、等の長所があり、さらに歯車と
して使用する場合、自己潤滑性があるため注油の必要が
ない、騒音の防止にもなる等の特徴も合わせもっている
。On the other hand, continuous fibers such as carbon fibers, glass fibers, and Kevlar fibers (product name of Dibon Co., Ltd., USA) and thermosetting resins such as epoxy, phenol, polyester, and polyimide resins, or heat-resistant resins such as polysulfone and polyethersulfone resins are used. Fiber-reinforced plastic (hereinafter referred to as FRP), which is manufactured by combining thermoplastic resins with excellent properties, is: - Light and has high strength and modulus of elasticity - - Resistant to acids and alkalis - - High fatigue strength. ■Good vibration damping properties) and ■Excellent wear characteristics.Furthermore, when used as a gear, it has self-lubricating properties, so there is no need for lubrication, and it also prevents noise. I also have it.
しかしながら連続繊維を使用した１−Ｋｔ−＋１標維の
配向により強度、弾性率、熱膨張係数に異方性を有する
ためＦＲＰ成形の段階でこの異方性に配慮が必要となる
。例えば熱膨張係数の異方性のため熱応力により積層硬
化するだけでクランクおよび変形が発生することもある
し、強度、弾性率の異方性により穴あけ加工、キー溝加
工歯切、両所においてＦＲＰが欠けたりめくれたりクラ
ックが発生したりする。However, due to the orientation of the 1-Kt-+1 standard fibers using continuous fibers, the strength, modulus of elasticity, and coefficient of thermal expansion have anisotropy, so consideration must be given to this anisotropy at the stage of FRP molding. For example, due to the anisotropy of the thermal expansion coefficient, cranking and deformation may occur just by lamination hardening due to thermal stress, and due to the anisotropy of strength and elastic modulus, drilling, keyway machining, gear cutting, etc. FRP may chip, turn over, or crack.
このような補強繊維の配向による異方性をなくすため補
強繊維の織物又４よ一方向材を′−一定角度つずらして
積層し同一面内ではどの方向の強度、弾性率とも等しい
いわゆる擬似等方性にすることにより熱応力によるクラ
ックを防＋Ｊ：ｉ シたり、機械加工に対しより安定に
し、負荷に対しても各々の歯に等しい応力がかかるよう
に工夫されている。In order to eliminate such anisotropy due to the orientation of reinforcing fibers, fabrics of reinforcing fibers or 4-way unidirectional materials are stacked at a fixed angle and the strength and elastic modulus are equal in any direction within the same plane. By making it oriented, it prevents cracks caused by thermal stress, makes it more stable against machining, and is designed to apply equal stress to each tooth under load.
しかしこのような積層方法は長時間を要しなおかつ正確
に一定角度づつずらせるのは非常に難がしいという欠点
がある。又材料の有効利用という観点からみても正方形
の積層品を製作した場合歯車のまわりの４角およびシャ
フト穴部がむだになり、多い場合には材料は歯車の約２
倍必要になることもある。それに加えてＦ Ｒ，Ｐは機
械加工が非常に困難であり、加工する部分が多いと時間
かがかるばかりでなく工具の消耗も激しくなる。However, such a laminating method requires a long time and has the disadvantage that it is very difficult to shift the layers accurately by a constant angle. Also, from the point of view of effective use of materials, if a square laminate is manufactured, the four corners around the gear and the shaft hole are wasted, and in many cases, the material is about 2 times the width of the gear.
You may need twice as much. In addition, it is very difficult to machine FR, P, and if there are many parts to be machined, it will not only take time but also cause severe tool wear.
本発明は上述した欠、へを解消し軽量で、騒音防市効果
があり、耐摩耗性にすぐれしかも安価なＦＲＰ製歯車を
提供するものである。以下本発明について図面を用いて
詳細に説明する。The present invention solves the above-mentioned deficiencies and provides an FRP gear that is lightweight, has a noise prevention effect, has excellent wear resistance, and is inexpensive. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本発明の門口製歯車の材料となる編、組状また
は組Ｏ・も状に形成された補強繊維束の拡大図を示して
おり、これらは衣料加工および電線製造で使用される編
組機および組みひも製造機により製作できる。補強繊維
の編み角度（θ）は繊維束径、打込み本数、編み速度を
変えることにより任意に選択できるが、本発明の場合軸
方向に対し７５°〜４５°の範囲にあるのが望ましい。FIG. 1 shows an enlarged view of reinforcing fiber bundles formed in a knitted, braided, or braided O/pinch shape, which are the material of the gate-made gear of the present invention, and these are used in clothing processing and electric wire manufacturing. It can be manufactured using a braiding machine or a braiding machine. The weaving angle (θ) of the reinforcing fibers can be arbitrarily selected by changing the diameter of the fiber bundle, the number of fibers, and the knitting speed, but in the case of the present invention, it is preferably in the range of 75° to 45° with respect to the axial direction.
次にこの補強繊維束にエポキシ、フェノール、ポリエス
テル、ポリイミド等の熱硬化性樹脂またはポリスルフォ
ン、ポリエーテルスルフォン等の耐熱性のすぐれた熱可
！”ｌ ７１樹脂を含浸させ歯車の素材とする。第２図
は上記の方法で製作した樹脂含浸補強繊維束をテープ形
状にした拡大図でありこれは第１図に示す繊維束を軽く
おしつぶすだけで容易（でテープ形状にすることができ
る。Next, this reinforcing fiber bundle is made of a thermosetting resin such as epoxy, phenol, polyester, or polyimide, or a thermosetting resin with excellent heat resistance such as polysulfone or polyethersulfone! "l 71 It is impregnated with resin and used as a material for gears. Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the resin-impregnated reinforcing fiber bundle produced by the above method into a tape shape. This is shown by lightly pressing the fiber bundle shown in Figure 1. You can easily make it into a tape shape by simply crushing it.
第６図は本発明のＦＲＰ製歯車の加圧成形を示す断面図
である。第２図に示す樹脂含浸を行なつに
たチーブ状補強繊維束（１）を中芯（２）の周囲生第６
図に示すように幅方向か重なるようにらせん階段式に巻
付（げる。FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing pressure forming of the FRP gear of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 2, the reinforcing fiber bundles (1) are placed around the central core (2).
As shown in the figure, they are wrapped in a spiral staircase fashion so that they overlap in the width direction.
通常紙テープのような伸縮自在性のないものを一１４記
のように巻付ける場合には内径と外径の距離の違いがあ
るため内径側でしわをよせることをしなければらせん階
段式に巻付けることは不可能である。しかしなから本発
明の編組および組みひも状に形成された繊維束（１）は
繊維自身が自由に移動できる伸縮自在性かあるため容易
にこのような巻付けができる。When wrapping a non-stretchable material such as paper tape in the manner shown in item 114, there is a difference in the distance between the inner diameter and outer diameter, so if you do not wrinkle it on the inner diameter side, it will be wrapped in a spiral staircase style. It is impossible to attach it. However, since the fiber bundle (1) formed in the form of a braid or braid according to the present invention has elasticity in which the fibers themselves can move freely, such winding can be easily carried out.
すなわち外径側の繊維は角度（θ）を低くすることによ
り距離を長くすることができ、しわをよせることなく巻
付けができるのである。ただし内径側と外径側の同一体
積あたりの繊維量は当然のことながら内径側が密に外径
側が粗だなる問題があるので内外の比率が１０％の差以
内にすることが望ましい。中芯（２）に補強繊維束（１
）をらせん階段式に巻付けたものを下型（３）にセット
し積層板の厚みをコントロールするスペーサー（４）を
装着したのち上型（５）をかぶせ可熱加圧成形すること
により第４図に示すような積層円板が製作でき、第５図
に示すような歯切、両所、穴あけ、キー溝等の機械加工
をすることにより本発明のＦｕＰ製歯小歯車作すること
ができる。なお第４図は上記加圧成形した積層円板を示
す図であり繊維配向（６）は円周に均一に分散しており
積層断面（７）はらせん階段式になっていることを示し
ている。第５図は第４図に示す積層円板の繊維配向（６
）をより詳細に示すとともにキー溝（８）と歯（９）を
示している。In other words, by lowering the angle (θ) of the fibers on the outer diameter side, the distance can be increased, and the fibers can be wrapped without wrinkles. However, since there is a problem that the amount of fibers per the same volume on the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side is dense on the inner diameter side and coarse on the outer diameter side, it is desirable that the ratio between the inside and outside is within a 10% difference. A reinforcing fiber bundle (1
) is wound in a spiral staircase manner and set in the lower die (3), and a spacer (4) is attached to control the thickness of the laminate, then the upper die (5) is covered and heat-pressure molding is performed. A laminated disc as shown in Figure 4 can be manufactured, and the FuP pinion gear of the present invention can be manufactured by machining gear cutting, both sides, drilling, key grooves, etc. as shown in Figure 5. can. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the pressure-formed laminated disk described above, and shows that the fiber orientation (6) is uniformly distributed around the circumference and the laminated cross section (7) has a spiral staircase pattern. There is. Figure 5 shows the fiber orientation (6
) is shown in more detail, as well as the keyway (8) and teeth (9).
このように本発明の歯車は繊維配向が歯を補強する方向
にあるため高強度でありｌｉ、ｊ熱性樹脂を使用すれば
高負荷、高速、高温中でも使用可能である。又歯の摩耗
の激しい部分（１０）の繊維配向は表面に繊維断面が露
出する割合が多いため他の配向の場合より耐摩耗特性は
・著しく向上している。機械加工についても第６図に示
した成形法であれば加工しろを少なくできるとともに繊
維どうしかお互いにからみあう状態にあるので内僅加工
、キー溝加工、歯切、両便等においてめくれ、はかれが
生じることも少ない。As described above, the gear of the present invention has high strength because the fiber orientation is in the direction of reinforcing the teeth, and if li,j thermal resin is used, it can be used under high load, high speed, and high temperature. Furthermore, since the fiber orientation in the heavily worn portion (10) of the tooth has a high proportion of the fiber cross section exposed on the surface, the wear resistance properties are significantly improved compared to other orientations. Regarding machining, the forming method shown in Figure 6 can reduce the machining allowance, and since the fibers are in a state of being entangled with each other, there is no possibility of peeling or peeling during internal machining, keyway machining, gear cutting, double cutting, etc. rarely occurs.
以上述べた以外に本発明のＦＲＰ製歯車は軽微で騒音防
止効果をもち、自己潤滑性があるためｔト油の必要がな
い等の特徴も有している。また成形性からいえば材料ロ
スが少なく、成形が簡単なことから従来品に比べ加工時
間も少なくてすむため安価な歯車を製作することが可能
である。Ｆ ＲＰ用の補強繊維としては数多くあるが補
強繊維として炭素繊維を使用した場合には本発明の特徴
が大いに発揮でき強度、耐摩耗性、騒音時ＩＦ−，、自
己潤滑性の著しくすぐれた軽量の歯車を提供することが
できる。さらに性質の異なる二種以上の繊維を組合せる
こと尾よりより低価格で耐衝撃性および機械加工性のす
ぐれた歯車の製作も可能である。In addition to the above-mentioned features, the FRP gear of the present invention is lightweight, has a noise prevention effect, and has self-lubricating properties, so it does not require oil. In terms of formability, there is less material loss, and since it is easy to form, it requires less processing time than conventional products, making it possible to manufacture inexpensive gears. There are many reinforcing fibers for FRP, but when carbon fibers are used as reinforcing fibers, the features of the present invention can be fully demonstrated.It is lightweight, has excellent strength, abrasion resistance, IF during noise, and self-lubricating properties. gears can be provided. Furthermore, by combining two or more types of fibers with different properties, it is possible to manufacture gears with excellent impact resistance and machinability at a lower cost.
図面は本発明の実施例を示すものであり、第１図はＦ
ＲＰ製歯車の材料となる編組状または組ひも状の補強繊
維束の拡大１’：＃１図、第２図はこの繊維束を樹脂含
浸しテープ形状にしたもののｉＥ而面、第６図はＦＲＰ
製歯単歯車用圧成形板を製作する手段を説明するための
断面図、第４−図は加圧成形した円板の平面因（図（ａ
））と断面図（図（１）ｌ ’）、第５図は繊、維配向
て対するキー溝および歯の位置を示す平面図である。
（１）・・・らせん階段式に巻付けたテープ形状樹脂含
浸繊維束、
（２）・・・中芯、（３）・・下型、（４）・・・スペ
ーサー、（５）・・・上型、（６）・・・繊維配向、（
７）・・・積層断面、（８）・・・キー溝、（９）・・
・歯、（１０）・・・使用時に摩耗しやすい部分第１図
第２図
、、０３図
オ ４ 図
（ａ）
（ｂ）
丼 ５ 図The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
Enlargement 1' of a braided or braided reinforcing fiber bundle that is the material for RP gears: Figure #1, Figure 2 shows the iE view of this fiber bundle impregnated with resin and made into a tape shape, and Figure 6 shows FRP
A cross-sectional view for explaining the means for producing a pressure-formed plate for a tooth-made single gear, FIG.
)), a cross-sectional view (Figure (1) l'), and FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the positions of the keyway and teeth with respect to fibers and fiber orientation. (1)...A tape-shaped resin-impregnated fiber bundle wound in a spiral staircase manner, (2)...Middle core, (3)...Bottom mold, (4)...Spacer, (5)...・Upper mold, (6)...Fiber orientation, (
7)... Laminated cross section, (8)... Keyway, (9)...
・Teeth, (10)...Parts that are prone to wear during use Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 03 O 4 Fig. (a) (b) Bowl 5 Fig.
Claims (3)
硬化性樹脂又は熱可塑性樹脂を含浸させた後補強繊維束
をテープ形状にし、該テープをらせん状に積層し加熱加
圧成形した積層板を用い、これを機械加工してなること
を特徴とする繊維強化プラスチツク製歯車。(1) After impregnating a reinforcing fiber bundle formed into a braided or braided shape with a thermosetting resin or thermoplastic resin, the reinforcing fiber bundle was formed into a tape shape, and the tapes were laminated in a spiral shape and molded under heat and pressure. A gear made of fiber-reinforced plastic, which is made by using laminated plates and machining them.
第（１）項記載の繊維強化プラスチツク製歯車。(2) The fiber-reinforced plastic gear according to claim (1), wherein the reinforcing fiber bundle is a carbon fiber bundle.
からなる特許請求の範囲第（１）項記載の繊維強化プラ
スチツク製歯車。(3) The fiber-reinforced plastic gear according to claim (1), wherein the reinforcing fiber bundle is a combination of two or more types of fibers.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57054438A JPS58170963A (en) | 1982-03-31 | 1982-03-31 | Gear made of fiber reinforcing plastics |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57054438A JPS58170963A (en) | 1982-03-31 | 1982-03-31 | Gear made of fiber reinforcing plastics |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS58170963A true JPS58170963A (en) | 1983-10-07 |
Family
ID=12970708
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57054438A Pending JPS58170963A (en) | 1982-03-31 | 1982-03-31 | Gear made of fiber reinforcing plastics |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58170963A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4770832A (en) * | 1984-07-27 | 1988-09-13 | Mitsui Kensetsu Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for manufacturing of structural reinforcing material |
| US4814223A (en) * | 1987-12-07 | 1989-03-21 | Ashland Oil, Inc. | Low smoke and heat release glass fiber/carbon fiber/bisoxazoline resin composites and method of manufacture |
| US5114653A (en) * | 1985-11-07 | 1992-05-19 | Akzo N.V. | Processes of manufacturing prestressed concrete |
| JP2009052613A (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2009-03-12 | Toyota Industries Corp | Fiber-reinforced resin gear |
| JP2010095159A (en) * | 2008-10-16 | 2010-04-30 | Nsk Ltd | Method for manufacturing telescopic shaft for vehicle steering |
| CN107245217A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-10-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of preparation method of carbon fiber reinforced phenol formaldehyde resin gear |
-
1982
- 1982-03-31 JP JP57054438A patent/JPS58170963A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4770832A (en) * | 1984-07-27 | 1988-09-13 | Mitsui Kensetsu Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for manufacturing of structural reinforcing material |
| US5114653A (en) * | 1985-11-07 | 1992-05-19 | Akzo N.V. | Processes of manufacturing prestressed concrete |
| US4814223A (en) * | 1987-12-07 | 1989-03-21 | Ashland Oil, Inc. | Low smoke and heat release glass fiber/carbon fiber/bisoxazoline resin composites and method of manufacture |
| JP2009052613A (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2009-03-12 | Toyota Industries Corp | Fiber-reinforced resin gear |
| JP2010095159A (en) * | 2008-10-16 | 2010-04-30 | Nsk Ltd | Method for manufacturing telescopic shaft for vehicle steering |
| CN107245217A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-10-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of preparation method of carbon fiber reinforced phenol formaldehyde resin gear |
| CN107245217B (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2021-05-11 | 南京航空航天大学 | Preparation method of carbon fiber reinforced phenolic resin gear |
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