JPS58161266A - Matrix type fuel cell - Google Patents
Matrix type fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPS58161266A JPS58161266A JP57043216A JP4321682A JPS58161266A JP S58161266 A JPS58161266 A JP S58161266A JP 57043216 A JP57043216 A JP 57043216A JP 4321682 A JP4321682 A JP 4321682A JP S58161266 A JPS58161266 A JP S58161266A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cell
- fuel
- unit
- fuel cell
- matrix
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2418—Grouping by arranging unit cells in a plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/242—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes comprising framed electrodes or intermediary frame-like gaskets
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は容量の大きな燃料電池を構成するのに好適な
マ） ＩＪノックス燃料電池の組立構造の改良に関する
。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to improvements in the assembly structure of an IJ Knox fuel cell suitable for constructing a large capacity fuel cell.
周知のようにマトリックス型燃料電池は、燃料電極と、
例えばりん酸である電解質を含浸させたマトリックスと
、空気電極とを重ね合わせて単電池が構成される。また
電極へ燃料および空気を供給する仕方により、いわゆる
バイポーラプレートを採用したタイプと、モノポーラプ
レートを採用したタイプとが知られている。このうち前
者のタイプは上下面に燃料通路溝および空気通路溝が形
成されている２枚のバイポーラプレートの間に先記の単
電池を挾持して単セルとなし、燃料、空気は電極に接す
る通路溝を通じて電極へ供給される。As is well known, a matrix fuel cell consists of a fuel electrode,
A cell is constructed by superimposing a matrix impregnated with an electrolyte, for example phosphoric acid, and an air electrode. Furthermore, depending on the method of supplying fuel and air to the electrodes, there are known types that employ so-called bipolar plates and types that employ monopolar plates. In the former type, the above-mentioned unit cell is sandwiched between two bipolar plates with fuel passage grooves and air passage grooves formed on the upper and lower surfaces, and the fuel and air are in contact with the electrodes. It is supplied to the electrode through the channel groove.
またかかる単電池とバイポーラプレートを交互に積層す
ることによりセルスタックが構成される。Further, a cell stack is constructed by alternately stacking such unit cells and bipolar plates.
これに対し後者のタイプは個々に燃料通路溝あるいは空
気通路溝の一方が形成さｆ″した燃料側および空気側の
各専用多孔質電極基板を用意し、この板面にそれぞれ燃
料電極、空気電極を塗布形成したものをマトリックスと
組合わせて単セルとなし、燃料および空気は多孔質電極
基板を通してその外面側の通路溝を通じて電極へ供給す
るように構成される。々おセルスタックは前記の単セル
をガス不透過性のセパレート板を介して積層することに
より構成きれる。On the other hand, in the latter type, dedicated porous electrode substrates are prepared for the fuel side and the air side, respectively, in which either the fuel passage groove or the air passage groove is formed. A single cell is formed by applying and forming a single cell in combination with a matrix, and fuel and air are supplied to the electrode through a passage groove on the outer surface of the porous electrode substrate through a porous electrode substrate. It can be constructed by stacking cells with gas-impermeable separate plates in between.
ところでいずれのタイプにしろ、容量の大きな燃料電池
を構成するには、前述した単電池の電極面積を大きくす
る必要がある。しかしながら単電池の電極面積が大にな
る程、その構成部品の製作が困難となるほか、ガス、電
解質の補給上の問題等もあって、単体として製作し得る
単電池の′ｗＬ極面積は技術的に限界がある。このため
に一般にはｍ述したセルスタックの複数個を外部で互に
電気的に直列、並列に接続して大容量の燃料電池を得て
いるが、この場合には個々にセルスタックを独立的に組
立構成しなければならず、全体として構造が大型化する
し、組立の手間もかかる。Regardless of the type, in order to construct a fuel cell with a large capacity, it is necessary to increase the electrode area of the above-mentioned single cell. However, as the electrode area of a unit cell becomes larger, it becomes more difficult to manufacture its component parts, and there are also problems with gas and electrolyte replenishment, so the 'wL electrode area of a unit cell that can be manufactured as a unit is limited by technology. There are limits. For this purpose, a large capacity fuel cell is generally obtained by electrically connecting multiple cell stacks as described above in series or parallel to each other externally, but in this case, each cell stack can be connected independently. Therefore, the overall structure becomes larger and the assembly takes more time.
この発明は上記の虞にかんがみ々されたものであり、そ
の目的は大容量の燃料電池を構成するのに有利なマ）
ＩＪツクス型型材料電池組立構成を提供することにある
。This invention was made in consideration of the above-mentioned concerns, and its purpose is to provide an advantageous fuel cell for constructing a large-capacity fuel cell.
An object of the present invention is to provide an IJTx type material battery assembly configuration.
かかる目的はこの発明により、同じ面上に複数のセル窓
を切欠いた枠体を有し、この枠体の各セル窓内にそれぞ
れ単電池を収容保持してセルユニットを構成したことに
より達成される。This object is achieved by the present invention, which has a frame with a plurality of cell windows cut out on the same surface, and each cell window of the frame accommodates and holds a single cell to form a cell unit. Ru.
以下この発明を図示実施例に基づき詳述する。The present invention will be described in detail below based on illustrated embodiments.
図示例は先述したモノポーラプレート採用のタイプの例
を示したものであり、捷ず第１図にその単電池の基本構
造を示す。図において単電池１０は。The illustrated example shows an example of the type employing the monopolar plate described above, and FIG. 1 shows the basic structure of the unit cell. In the figure, a single cell 10 is shown.
上面に燃料通路溝】１が形成された多孔質電極基板１２
の下面に撥水層１３．燃料電極１４を塗布形成してなる
態別電極体１５と、下面に空気通路溝Ｊ５が形成された
多孔質電極基板１６の上面に撥水層】３．空気電極１７
を塗布形成してなる空気電極体１８との間にマトリック
ス】９を挾持して構成されている。一方、第２図に示す
ように、この発明により前記の単電池１０と別個に、上
部枠２１と下部枠２２とからなる二分割構造の枠体２０
が用意されている。この枠体２０は上部枠２１と下部枠
２２を上下に重ねて適宜スタッドボルト等により組立ら
れるものであり、まず、枠体には上下に貫通した４つの
セル窓２３が同じ面上に並べて開口されている。そして
各セル窓２３の中にはそれぞれ単電池】０が収容保持は
れる。（第２図ＩＩ′ｉ４つのセル窓に対し、単電池１
０は１個だけ示されていて残りの３個は省略されている
。）その保持構造の詳細は第３図に示すごとくであり、
単電池１０における各電極基板１２．１６の周縁に形成
されたフランジ部をそれぞれ上部枠２１．下部枠２２に
おけるセル窓の内周縁に形成された係合段部に係合して
挟持保持されている。なおこの場合にマトリックス１９
は後述する電解質補給のために、単電池の周域で側方に
余分にはみ出しである。また第２図に戻り、上部枠２１
の上面および ５−
下部枠２２の下面には各単電池１０における燃料通路溝
１１．空気通路溝１５と互に連なり合う通路溝２４．２
５が形成されている。更に下部枠２２の上面側にはセル
窓２３の升目に沿って互に連通し合う電解質溜溝２６が
形成されている。この溝２６は各セル窓２３ごとにここ
に収容された単電池１０の周囲を取り巻いており、かつ
第３図に示すごとく、単電池】０より側方へ余分にはみ
出したマ） ＩＪラックス９の周縁と接する位置に形成
されている。以上の構成で同一面上に並ぶ４個の単電池
】０からなるセルユニットが構成される。またここで枠
体２０が絶縁物で作られていれば、各単電池１０は電気
的に導通し合うことはないが、これに対し、枠体２０を
導電性材で構成しておき、かつ上部枠２１と下部枠２２
との間の絶縁を保持しておけば１組立状態で４個の単電
池１０は電気的に並列となる。そしてこのセルユニット
を多数積み重ねることによりセルスタックが構成される
。Porous electrode substrate 12 with fuel passage grooves 1 formed on the top surface
Water repellent layer 13. A water-repellent layer on the top surface of the mode-specific electrode body 15 formed by coating the fuel electrode 14 and the porous electrode substrate 16 with air passage grooves J5 formed on the bottom surface]3. Air electrode 17
The matrix 9 is sandwiched between the air electrode body 18 and the air electrode body 18 formed by coating. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, according to the present invention, a frame body 20 having a two-part structure consisting of an upper frame 21 and a lower frame 22 is provided separately from the unit cell 10.
is available. This frame 20 is assembled by stacking an upper frame 21 and a lower frame 22 vertically using appropriate stud bolts, etc. First, four cell windows 23 penetrating vertically are lined up on the same surface and are opened. has been done. In each cell window 23, a single cell 0 is housed and held. (Fig. 2 II'i For four cell windows, one single cell
Only one 0 is shown and the remaining three are omitted. ) The details of the holding structure are as shown in Figure 3.
The flange portions formed on the periphery of each electrode substrate 12.16 in the unit cell 10 are connected to the upper frame 21. The lower frame 22 is engaged with and held in an engagement step formed on the inner peripheral edge of the cell window. In this case, matrix 19
is an extra protrusion to the side around the unit cell for electrolyte replenishment, which will be described later. Returning to FIG. 2 again, the upper frame 21
The upper surface and the lower surface of the lower frame 22 are provided with fuel passage grooves 11 in each unit cell 10. Passage grooves 24.2 interconnected with air passage grooves 15
5 is formed. Further, on the upper surface side of the lower frame 22, electrolyte reservoir grooves 26 are formed which communicate with each other along the squares of the cell window 23. This groove 26 surrounds the cell 10 housed in each cell window 23, and as shown in FIG. It is formed at a position that touches the periphery of the With the above configuration, a cell unit consisting of four single cells [0] arranged on the same plane is constructed. Further, if the frame body 20 is made of an insulating material, the individual cells 10 will not be electrically conductive to each other, but on the other hand, if the frame body 20 is made of a conductive material and Upper frame 21 and lower frame 22
If insulation is maintained between them, the four cells 10 will be electrically connected in parallel in one assembled state. A cell stack is constructed by stacking a large number of these cell units.
なおセルスタックを構成する際にはセルユニットの相互
間に図示の導電性セパレート板３０が介挿 ６−
サレ、このセパレート板３０により燃料と空気のガス分
離を行う。また前記した電解質溜溝２６は、この中に液
状電解質４０を外部から注入することにより、この溝２
６を通じてマトリックス１９へ電解質４０を毛細管作用
により補給含浸させることができ、電解質の補給溝ある
いはリザーバとして役立つ。When constructing a cell stack, a conductive separate plate 30 shown in the figure is inserted between the cell units.The separate plate 30 performs gas separation of fuel and air. Further, the electrolyte reservoir groove 26 described above can be formed by injecting the liquid electrolyte 40 into the groove from the outside.
Through capillary action, an electrolyte 40 can be replenished into the matrix 19 through the capillary 6, serving as a replenishment channel or reservoir for the electrolyte.
なお上記実施例はモノポーラプレートタイプの単電池で
組立てたセルユニットの例を示したが、バイポーラプレ
ートを組合わせてなる単電池を使ってセルユニットを構
成することもできることは勿論である。また枠体に開口
したセル窓の数は任意に選ぶことができる。Although the above-mentioned embodiment shows an example of a cell unit assembled from monopolar plate type cells, it is of course possible to construct a cell unit using cells formed by combining bipolar plates. Further, the number of cell windows opened in the frame can be arbitrarily selected.
以上の説明から明らかなように、この発明の構成によｎ
ば、大容量の燃料電池を構成するに際して、枠体の採用
により複数個の単電池を同時に同一面上に並べてセルユ
ニットが構成きれる。したがって単体としての単電池の
電極面積を大形化することなしに大容量の電池を簡易に
組立構成することができ、その実用的効果は極めて犬で
ある。As is clear from the above explanation, the structure of this invention
For example, when constructing a large-capacity fuel cell, a cell unit can be constructed by arranging a plurality of single cells on the same surface at the same time by using a frame. Therefore, a large-capacity battery can be easily assembled without increasing the electrode area of a unit cell, and its practical effects are extremely significant.
第１図はこの発明の実施例に採用されるモノポーラプレ
ートタイプの単電池の基本構成図、第２図はこの発明の
実施例の分解斜視図、第３図は第２図の組立状態を示す
要部の拡大断面図である。
１０・・・単電池、１５・・・燃料電極体、１８・・・
空気を離体、１９・・・マトリックス、２０・・・枠体
、２１・・・上部枠、２２・・・下部枠、２３・・・セ
ル窓、２６・・・電解質溜溝、３０・・・セパレート板
、４０・・・液状電解質。Fig. 1 is a basic configuration diagram of a monopolar plate type unit cell adopted in an embodiment of this invention, Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view of an embodiment of this invention, and Fig. 3 shows the assembled state of Fig. 2. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of main parts. 10... Single cell, 15... Fuel electrode body, 18...
air separation, 19... matrix, 20... frame, 21... upper frame, 22... lower frame, 23... cell window, 26... electrolyte reservoir groove, 30... - Separate plate, 40...liquid electrolyte.
Claims (1)
型燃料電池において、同じ面上に複数のセル窓を切欠い
た枠体を有し、この枠体の各セル窓内にそれぞｎ前記の
単電池を収容保持してセルユニットを構成したことｅ％
徴とするマトリックス型燃料電池。 ２、特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の燃料電池において、
枠体が上下二分割構造体として構成され、その上部枠と
下部枠との間に各単電池が挾持されていることを特徴と
する燃料電池。 ３）特許請求の範囲第２項に記載の燃料電池において、
枠体を構成する下部枠の上面にマトリックスへの電解質
補給用としての電解質溜溝が形成されていること全特徴
とするマトリックス型燃料電池０ ４）特許請求の範囲第３項に記載の燃料電池において、
電解質溜溝が各単電池のマトリックスの周縁と接する位
置に合わせて各単電池の周囲を取巻き、かつ互に連通し
合って形成されていることを特徴とするマトリックス型
燃料電池。[Claims] 1) A fuel electrode, a matrix impregnated with an electrolyte. A matrix fuel cell in which air electrodes are stacked to form a single cell has a frame body with a plurality of cell windows cut out on the same surface, and each of the cell windows of the frame body has one of the above-mentioned single cells inside each cell window. The cell unit was constructed by accommodating and holding the
Matrix type fuel cell. 2. In the fuel cell according to claim 1,
1. A fuel cell characterized in that the frame is constructed as a structure divided into upper and lower halves, and each unit cell is sandwiched between the upper frame and the lower frame. 3) In the fuel cell according to claim 2,
A matrix type fuel cell 0 characterized in that an electrolyte reservoir groove for replenishing electrolyte to the matrix is formed on the upper surface of the lower frame constituting the frame body. 4) The fuel cell according to claim 3. In,
1. A matrix fuel cell characterized in that electrolyte reservoir grooves are formed so as to surround each unit cell at positions where they contact the periphery of the matrix of each unit cell, and to communicate with each other.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57043216A JPS58161266A (en) | 1982-03-18 | 1982-03-18 | Matrix type fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57043216A JPS58161266A (en) | 1982-03-18 | 1982-03-18 | Matrix type fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS58161266A true JPS58161266A (en) | 1983-09-24 |
Family
ID=12657714
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57043216A Pending JPS58161266A (en) | 1982-03-18 | 1982-03-18 | Matrix type fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58161266A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60208056A (en) * | 1984-04-02 | 1985-10-19 | Hitachi Ltd | Fuel cell |
| JPS61216248A (en) * | 1985-03-22 | 1986-09-25 | Hitachi Ltd | Fuel cell |
| JPH07169499A (en) * | 1985-04-19 | 1995-07-04 | Ivac Corp | Plate-shaped multiple-junction type electrochemical cell |
-
1982
- 1982-03-18 JP JP57043216A patent/JPS58161266A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60208056A (en) * | 1984-04-02 | 1985-10-19 | Hitachi Ltd | Fuel cell |
| JPH0425675B2 (en) * | 1984-04-02 | 1992-05-01 | Hitachi Ltd | |
| JPS61216248A (en) * | 1985-03-22 | 1986-09-25 | Hitachi Ltd | Fuel cell |
| JPH07169499A (en) * | 1985-04-19 | 1995-07-04 | Ivac Corp | Plate-shaped multiple-junction type electrochemical cell |
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