JPH11335798A - Bearing made of free graphite-precipitated ferrous sintering material with excellent wear resistance under high facial pressure - Google Patents
Bearing made of free graphite-precipitated ferrous sintering material with excellent wear resistance under high facial pressureInfo
- Publication number
- JPH11335798A JPH11335798A JP14103098A JP14103098A JPH11335798A JP H11335798 A JPH11335798 A JP H11335798A JP 14103098 A JP14103098 A JP 14103098A JP 14103098 A JP14103098 A JP 14103098A JP H11335798 A JPH11335798 A JP H11335798A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- free graphite
- precipitated
- graphite
- wear resistance
- sintered material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、潤滑性向上に寄
与する遊離黒鉛を素地に析出させないで気孔内に析出さ
せ、かつこれを気孔内で成長させることにより前記素地
の強化を図ると共に、このように遊離黒鉛の析出がない
素地を微細なパーライト相で構成することにより高面圧
下でもすぐれた耐摩耗性を発揮するようにした遊離黒鉛
析出鉄系焼結材料製軸受（以下、黒鉛析出焼結材料軸受
と云う）に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims at strengthening the base by depositing free graphite, which contributes to improvement of lubricity, in pores without precipitating in the base and growing it in the pores. A bearing made of free graphite-precipitated iron-based sintering material (hereinafter referred to as graphite precipitation sintering) that exhibits excellent wear resistance even under high surface pressure by forming a base material free of free graphite precipitation from a fine pearlite phase (Referred to as “bonding material bearing”).
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、例えば特開平８−４１６１０号公
報に記載される通り、重量％で（以下、％の表示は重量
％を意味する）、 Ｃ：１．１〜４％、 Ｓ ：０．０２〜０．５％、 Ｂ：０．０１〜０．５％、 Ｃｕ：０．５〜４％、 を含有し、残りがＦｅと不可避不純物からなる組成、並
びに実質的に主体がパーライトの素地と、前記素地中に
分散分布した微細な析出遊離黒鉛および気孔とからなる
組織を有する遊離黒鉛析出鉄系焼結材料（以下、黒鉛析
出焼結材料と云う）で構成された軸受（黒鉛析出焼結材
料軸受）が知られている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as described in, for example, JP-A-8-41610, in terms of% by weight (hereinafter, "%" means% by weight), C: 1.1 to 4%, S: 0. 0.02% to 0.5%, B: 0.01% to 0.5%, Cu: 0.5% to 4%, with the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities. A bearing (graphite precipitation) composed of a base material and a free graphite precipitation iron-based sintered material (hereinafter referred to as graphite precipitation sintering material) having a structure composed of fine precipitate free graphite and pores dispersed and distributed in the base material. Sintered material bearings) are known.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】一方、近年の各種駆動
装置の高出力化および高速化はめざましく、これに伴な
い、駆動装置の構造部材である回転軸は高負荷の状態で
回転することになり、この結果相手部材である軸受は、
高荷重摩擦条件、すなわち高面圧下にさらされることに
なるが、上記の従来黒鉛析出焼結材料軸受の場合、高面
圧を受けると摩耗が急速に進行し、比較的短時間で使用
寿命に至るのが現状である。On the other hand, in recent years, various types of driving devices have been remarkably increased in output and speed, and accordingly, the rotating shaft, which is a structural member of the driving device, is required to rotate under a high load. As a result, the bearing that is the mating member is
Although it is exposed to high load friction conditions, that is, under high surface pressure, in the case of the above-mentioned conventional graphite-precipitated sintered material bearings, when high surface pressure is applied, wear progresses rapidly, and the service life is shortened in a relatively short time. That is the current situation.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】そこで、本発明者等は、
上述のような観点から、高面圧下でもすぐれた耐摩耗性
を発揮する黒鉛析出焼結材料軸受を開発すべく、研究を
行なった結果、原料粉末として、基本的にＦｅに、合金
成分としてＳ（硫黄）成分、あるいは同じくＣｒとＭｎ
とＳ成分、さらに必要に応じてＳ成分とＮｉおよび／ま
たはＭｏ成分をそれぞれ所定量含有させてなるアトマイ
ズＦｅ合金粉末と、六方晶窒化ほう素（以下、ｈ−ＢＮ
で示す）粉末および／またはほう酸粉末を用い、さらに
Ｃｒ粉末、Ｃｕ粉末、Ｍｎ粉末、Ｓ（硫黄）粉末、およ
び黒鉛粉末、必要に応じてＮｉ粉末、Ｍｏ粉末を用い、
これら原料粉末を所定の配合組成に配合し、通常の条件
で混合し、圧粉体にプレス成形した状態で、前記圧粉体
を、還元性雰囲気中、相対的に高い焼結温度となる１１
００〜１２５０℃の範囲内の所定温度に加熱し、所定時
間保持後、相対的に遅い冷却速度、すなわち５〜４０℃
／分の冷却速度（４０℃／分を越えた冷却速度ではマル
テンサイト相やベーナイト相が出現するようになって相
手攻撃性が急激に増大し、一方５℃／分未満の冷却速度
ではパーライト相の粗大化が著しくなるという理由によ
る）、望ましくは１０〜３５℃／分の冷却速度で、少な
くとも６００℃まで冷却の条件で焼結して、 Ｃ：１〜３％、 Ｓ ：０．０５〜１％、 Ｂ：０．０５〜１％、 Ｃｒ：０．５〜５％、 Ｃｕ：０．５〜４％、 Ｍｎ：０．２〜１％、 を含有し、さらに必要に応じて、 Ｎｉ：１〜５％、 Ｍｏ：０．５〜２％、 を含有し、残りがＦｅと不可避不純物からなる組成を有
し、かつ望ましくは６．０〜７．２ｇ／ｃｍ3 の密度、
さらに言い換えれば８０〜９５％の理論密度比をもった
鉄系焼結材料を形成すると、この鉄系焼結材料において
は、前記焼結温度で、素地を形成する上記Ｆｅ合金粉末
にＣ成分（黒鉛粉末）が固溶するが、この固溶したＣ成
分は、同じく素地に固溶したＣｒ成分による素地中への
遊離黒鉛析出抑制作用と相まって、上記ｈ−ＢＮ粉末お
よびほう酸粉末のＢ成分と前記Ｆｅ合金粉末中に固溶の
Ｓ成分の共働作用で、冷却過程で気孔内に遊離黒鉛とし
て析出して、成長し、この結果析出遊離黒鉛は実質的に
気孔内にのみ存在し、一方素地は、析出遊離黒鉛が実質
的存在しないので、著しく強化されるようになるばかり
でなく、固溶Ｃｒによって硬質にして微細なパーライト
主体相となることから、この鉄系焼結材料で構成された
軸受は、高面圧下でも前記気孔内に存在する析出遊離黒
鉛による潤滑性向上効果と相まって、すぐれた耐摩耗性
を発揮するようになるという研究結果を得たのである。Means for Solving the Problems Accordingly, the present inventors have
From the above-mentioned viewpoints, research was conducted to develop a graphite-precipitated sintered material bearing exhibiting excellent wear resistance even under high surface pressure. (Sulfur) component, or similarly Cr and Mn
Atomized Fe alloy powder containing predetermined amounts of S and Ni and / or Mo if necessary, respectively, and hexagonal boron nitride (hereinafter referred to as h-BN).
) Powder and / or boric acid powder, and further using Cr powder, Cu powder, Mn powder, S (sulfur) powder, and graphite powder, Ni powder and Mo powder as required,
In a state where these raw material powders are blended in a predetermined composition, mixed under ordinary conditions, and pressed into a green compact, the green compact is heated to a relatively high sintering temperature in a reducing atmosphere.
After heating to a predetermined temperature in the range of 00 to 1250 ° C. and holding for a predetermined time, a relatively slow cooling rate, that is, 5 to 40 ° C.
/ Min cooling rate (at a cooling rate exceeding 40 ° C / min, a martensite phase or a bainite phase appears and the aggressiveness of the partner increases sharply, while at a cooling rate of less than 5 ° C / min, the pearlite phase Sintering at a cooling rate of preferably 10 to 35 ° C./min to at least 600 ° C., C: 1 to 3%, S: 0.05 to 1%, B: 0.05 to 1%, Cr: 0.5 to 5%, Cu: 0.5 to 4%, Mn: 0.2 to 1%, and if necessary, Ni , Mo: 0.5 to 2%, the balance being composed of Fe and unavoidable impurities, and desirably a density of 6.0 to 7.2 g / cm 3 ,
In other words, when an iron-based sintered material having a theoretical density ratio of 80 to 95% is formed, in this iron-based sintered material, the C component ( Graphite powder) forms a solid solution, and this C component dissolved together with the B component of the above h-BN powder and boric acid powder is combined with the effect of suppressing the precipitation of free graphite into the substrate by the Cr component also dissolved in the substrate. By the synergistic action of the S component dissolved in the Fe alloy powder, during the cooling process, it precipitates and grows as free graphite in the pores, and as a result, the precipitated free graphite substantially exists only in the pores, Since the base material is substantially free of precipitated free graphite, it is not only remarkably strengthened, but also hardened by solid solution Cr to form a fine pearlite-based phase. Bearings under high surface pressure Also coupled with lubricity improving effect due to precipitation of free graphite present in the pores, it is to obtain a finding that comes to exhibit excellent wear resistance.
【０００５】この発明は、上記の研究結果にもとづいて
なされたものであって、 Ｃ：１〜３％、 Ｓ ：０．０５〜１％、 Ｂ：０．０５〜１％、 Ｃｒ：０．５〜５％、 Ｃｕ：０．５〜４％、 Ｍｎ：０．２〜１％、 を含有し、さらに必要に応じて、Ｎｉ：１〜５％および
／またはＭｏ：０．５〜２％、 を含有し、残りがＦｅと不可避不純物からなる組成、並
びに実質的に主体がパーライトの素地と、前記素地中に
分散分布する気孔内に析出して成長した遊離黒鉛とから
なる組織を有する黒鉛析出焼結材料で構成してなる、高
面圧下ですぐれた耐摩耗性を発揮する黒鉛析出焼結材料
軸受に特徴を有するものである。[0005] The present invention has been made based on the above research results, C: 1-3%, S: 0.05-1%, B: 0.05-1%, Cr: 0. 1%. 5-5%, Cu: 0.5-4%, Mn: 0.2-1%, and if necessary, Ni: 1-5% and / or Mo: 0.5-2%. , The balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities, and a graphite substantially having a structure composed of a base material of pearlite and free graphite deposited and grown in pores dispersed and distributed in the base material. The present invention is characterized by a graphite-precipitated sintered material bearing which is made of a precipitated sintered material and exhibits excellent wear resistance under a high surface pressure.
【０００６】つぎに、この発明の黒鉛析出焼結材料軸受
において、これを構成する黒鉛析出焼結材料の成分組成
を上記の通りに限定した理由を説明する。 （ａ） Ｃ Ｃ成分には、素地のパーライト相を形成して耐摩耗性を
向上させるほか、ＢおよびＳ成分の共存作用で気孔内に
遊離黒鉛として析出して潤滑性を向上させる作用がある
が、その含有量が１％未満では、前記作用に所望の効果
が得られず、一方その含有量が３％を越えると強度に急
激な低下傾向が現れるようになることから、その含有量
を１〜３％と定めた。Next, the reason why the component composition of the graphite-precipitated sintered material constituting the bearing of the graphite-precipitated sintered material of the present invention is limited as described above will be described. (A) C The C component has a function of forming a pearlite phase of the base material to improve wear resistance, and also has an effect of improving lubricity by precipitating as free graphite in pores due to the coexistence of the B and S components. However, if the content is less than 1%, the desired effect cannot be obtained in the above-mentioned action, while if the content exceeds 3%, a sharp tendency to decrease in strength appears, so that the content is reduced. It was determined as 1-3%.
【０００７】（ｂ） ＳおよびＢ これらの成分は、共働作用により固溶した黒鉛を冷却過
程で微細な遊離黒鉛として気孔内に積極的に析出させ、
成長させる作用をもち、このような黒鉛化作用は、Ｓ成
分については、原則として予めＦｅ、Ｆｅ−Ｃｒ合金、
およびＦｅ−Ｃｒ−Ｍｎ合金、さらに必要に応じてＦｅ
−Ｎｉ合金、Ｆｅ−Ｍｏ合金、およびＦｅ−Ｎｉ−Ｍｏ
合金にそれぞれ所定量のＳ成分を含有させた溶湯をアト
マイズして形成したＦｅ合金粉末、また、Ｂ成分につい
ては、ほう素源としてｈ−ＢＮ粉末およびほう酸粉末を
それぞれ原料粉末として用いることにより一段と促進さ
れるものであるが、その含有量が、ＳおよびＢ成分のい
ずれかでも０．０５％未満になると、上記の気孔内への
黒鉛化を十分満足に発揮させることができず、この結果
遊離黒鉛が素地中にも析出するようになって素地の強化
が不十分になるばかりでなく、硬質のセメンタイト（Ｆ
ｅ3 Ｃ）が析出するようになって、相手攻撃性が増大す
るようになり、一方その含有量が、ＳおよびＢ成分のい
ずれかでも１％を越えると、焼結性が低下し、所望の強
度を確保することができなくなるばかりでなく、素地に
フェライト相が出現するようになって所望の耐摩耗性を
確保することができなくなることから、その含有量を、
それぞれＳ：０．０５〜１％、望ましくは０．１〜０．
５％、Ｂ：０．０５〜１％、望ましくは０．１〜０．５
％と定めた。(B) S and B These components positively precipitate graphite dissolved in solid solution as fine free graphite in the pores during the cooling process,
Such a graphitization effect has a function of growing the S component, in advance, in principle, Fe, Fe-Cr alloy,
And Fe-Cr-Mn alloy, and if necessary, Fe
-Ni alloy, Fe-Mo alloy, and Fe-Ni-Mo
An Fe alloy powder formed by atomizing a molten metal containing a predetermined amount of each S component in the alloy, and a B component are further improved by using h-BN powder and boric acid powder as raw material powders as a boron source. Although it is promoted, if the content of any of the S and B components is less than 0.05%, the above-described graphitization into the pores cannot be sufficiently exhibited, and as a result, Free graphite precipitates also in the base material, which causes not only insufficient strengthening of the base material, but also hard cementite (F
e 3 C) is precipitated, and the aggressiveness of the counterpart is increased. On the other hand, if the content of any of the S and B components exceeds 1%, the sinterability is reduced, and Not only can not secure the strength of, the ferrite phase appears on the base material, it is not possible to secure the desired wear resistance, so its content,
S: 0.05-1%, preferably 0.1-0.
5%, B: 0.05-1%, desirably 0.1-0.5
%.
【０００８】（ｃ）Ｃｒ Ｃｒ成分には、素地に固溶して、これの硬さを高めると
共に、素地を構成するパーライト相を微細化し、かつ遊
離黒鉛が素地中に析出するのを抑制し、もってＳおよび
Ｂ成分の作用で気孔内に析出し成長した遊離黒鉛による
潤滑性向上と相まって、高面圧下ですぐれた耐摩耗性を
発揮せしめる作用があるが、その含有量が０．５％未満
では前記作用に所望の効果が得られず、一方その含有量
が５％を越えると、ＳおよびＢ成分による黒鉛の析出お
よび成長作用が抑制されるようになることから、その含
有量を０．５〜５％、望ましくは１〜３％と定めた。(C) Cr The Cr component forms a solid solution with the base material to increase its hardness, refines the pearlite phase constituting the base material, and suppresses the precipitation of free graphite in the base material. The effect of the S and B components combined with the improvement in lubricity by the free graphite precipitated and grown in the pores has the effect of exhibiting excellent wear resistance under high surface pressure, but the content is 0.5%. If it is less than 5%, the desired effect cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if its content exceeds 5%, the precipitation and growth of graphite by the S and B components will be suppressed. 0.5-5%, preferably 1-3%.
【０００９】（ｄ）Ｃｕ Ｃｕ成分は、所定の強度を確保するのに不可欠な液相焼
結のために必要な成分であるが、その含有量が０．５％
未満では十分な焼結性が得られず、したがって所望の強
度を確保することができず、一方所望の良好な焼結性は
４％までの含有で十分であることから、その含有量を
０．５〜４％、望ましくは１〜３％と定めた。(D) Cu The Cu component is a component necessary for liquid phase sintering which is indispensable for securing a predetermined strength.
If it is less than 30, sufficient sinterability cannot be obtained, and thus the desired strength cannot be ensured. On the other hand, the content of up to 4% is sufficient for the desired good sinterability, so that the content is set to 0%. 0.5-4%, preferably 1-3%.
【００１０】（ｅ）Ｍｎ Ｍｎ成分は、素地に固溶して強度を向上させる作用をも
つが、その含有量が０．２％未満では所望の強度向上効
果が得られず、一方その含有量が１％を越えると、Ｂ成
分およびＳ成分による黒鉛化が著しく阻害されるように
なることから、その含有量を０．２〜１％、望ましくは
０．４〜０．８％と定めた。(E) Mn The Mn component has a function of improving the strength by forming a solid solution in the base material. However, if the content is less than 0.2%, the desired effect of improving the strength cannot be obtained. Exceeds 1%, the graphitization by the B component and the S component is significantly inhibited. Therefore, the content is set to 0.2 to 1%, preferably 0.4 to 0.8%. .
【００１１】（ｆ）Ｎｉ Ｎｉ成分には、素地に固溶して靭性を向上させる作用が
あるので、必要に応じて含有されるが、その含有量が１
％未満では所望の靭性向上効果が得られず、一方その含
有量が５％を越えると、オーステナイト相が出現するよ
うになって耐摩耗性の低下が避けられなくなることか
ら、その含有量を１〜５％、望ましくは１〜４％と定め
た。(F) Ni Since the Ni component has a function of improving the toughness by forming a solid solution in the base material, it is contained as necessary.
If it is less than 5%, the desired effect of improving toughness cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if its content exceeds 5%, an austenite phase appears and a decrease in wear resistance cannot be avoided. -5%, preferably 1-4%.
【００１２】（ｇ） Ｍｏ Ｍｏ成分には、素地に固溶してこれの硬さを高め、もっ
て耐摩耗性の向上に寄与する作用があるので、必要に応
じて含有されるが、その含有量が０．５％未満では前記
作用に所望の効果が得られず、一方その含有量が２％を
越えると、原料粉末（混合粉末）のプレス成形性（圧縮
性）が低下し、この結果焼結材料の密度が６．０ｇ／ｃ
ｍ3 未満となってしまい、望ましい密度である６．０〜
７．２ｇ／ｃｍ3 の密度が得られず、所望の強度を確保
することができなくなることから、その含有量を０．５
〜２％、望ましくは１〜１．５％と定めた。(G) Mo The Mo component has an effect of forming a solid solution in the base material to increase its hardness and thereby contributing to the improvement of wear resistance. If the amount is less than 0.5%, the desired effect cannot be obtained, while if the amount exceeds 2%, the press formability (compressibility) of the raw material powder (mixed powder) decreases, and as a result, The density of the sintered material is 6.0 g / c
m 3 , which is a desirable density of 6.0 to 6.0.
Since a density of 7.2 g / cm 3 cannot be obtained and a desired strength cannot be secured, the content is 0.5 g / cm 3.
２2%, desirably 1 to 1.5%.
【００１３】なお、軸受を構成する黒鉛析出焼結材料
は、理論密度比を上記の通り８０〜９５％、言い換えれ
ば気孔割合を光学顕微鏡による組織観察で２〜１５面積
％とするのが望ましく、これは、その割合が１５面積％
を越えると軸受の強度が急激に低下するようになり、一
方その割合を２面積％未満にすることはプレス成形だけ
では技術的に困難であるという理由にもとずくものであ
り、さらに望ましくは２〜１０面積％とするのがよく、
またこの気孔割合は原則として圧粉体のプレス成形圧力
によって調整することができる。The graphite-precipitated sintered material constituting the bearing preferably has a theoretical density ratio of 80 to 95% as described above, in other words, a porosity of 2 to 15 area% by microscopic observation with an optical microscope. This is 15% by area
If the ratio exceeds 2, the strength of the bearing rapidly decreases, while reducing the ratio to less than 2 area% is based on the reason that it is technically difficult only by press molding, and more desirably. It is good to be 2 to 10 area%,
The porosity can be adjusted in principle by the press molding pressure of the green compact.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の実施の形態】ついで、この発明の黒鉛析出焼結
材料軸受を実施例により具体的に説明する。原料粉末と
して、いずれも１０〜１５０μｍの範囲内の所定の平均
粒径を有するアトマイズＦｅ−Ｓ合金粉末（Ｓ：０．３
２％含有）、アトマイズＦｅ−Ｃｒ−Ｓ合金粉末（Ｃ
ｒ：２．１％、Ｓ：０．２２％含有）、アトマイズＦｅ
−Ｃｒ−Ｍｎ−Ｓ合金粉末（Ｃｒ：２．２％、Ｍｎ：
０．７％、Ｓ：０．２１％含有）、アトマイズＦｅ−Ｎ
ｉ−Ｓ合金粉末（Ｎｉ：４．４％、Ｓ：０．１２％含
有）、アトマイズＦｅ−Ｍｏ−Ｓ合金粉末（Ｍｏ：１．
３％、Ｓ：０．１５％含有）、アトマイズＦｅ−Ｎｉ−
Ｍｏ−Ｓ合金粉末（Ｎｉ：４．２％、Ｍｏ：１．５％、
Ｓ：０．１３％含有）、Ｃｒ粉末、Ｃｕ粉末、Ｎｉ粉
末、Ｍｏ粉末、Ｓ（硫黄）粉末、黒鉛粉末、ｈ−ＢＮ粉
末、およびほう酸粉末を用意し、これら原料粉末を表
１、２に示される配合組成に配合し、潤滑材としてステ
アリン酸亜鉛を０．７５％添加してＶ型ミキサーで３０
分間混合し、５〜７ｔｏｎ／ｃｍ2 の圧力で圧粉体にプ
レス成形し、この圧粉体を、メッシュベルト式焼結炉に
て、アンモニア分解ガス雰囲気中、１１００〜１２５０
℃の範囲内の所定温度に２５分間保持した後、５〜４０
℃／分の範囲内の所定の冷却速度で５５０℃まで徐冷後
放冷の条件で焼結することにより、実質的に上記配合組
成と同じ成分組成、並びに光学顕微鏡（倍率：１００
倍）で観察した組織写真による計測で表１，２に示され
る組織［素地に占めるパーライト相の割合および気孔
（遊離黒鉛）割合］を有する黒鉛析出焼結材料で構成さ
れた、ＪＩＳ・Ｚ２５５０に規定される寸法の引張試験
片および外径：１８ｍｍ×内径：８ｍｍ×長さ：８ｍｍ
の寸法をもった本発明黒鉛析出焼結材料軸受（以下、本
発明軸受という）１〜２１、および合金成分としてＣｒ
を含有せず、これによって素地中に析出遊離黒鉛が分散
分布してなる黒鉛析出焼結材料で構成された従来黒鉛析
出焼結材料軸受（以下、従来軸受という）をそれぞれ製
造した。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, the graphite-precipitated sintered material bearing of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. As a raw material powder, an atomized Fe—S alloy powder (S: 0.3) having a predetermined average particle diameter in a range of 10 to 150 μm.
2%), atomized Fe-Cr-S alloy powder (C
r: 2.1%, S: 0.22%), atomized Fe
-Cr-Mn-S alloy powder (Cr: 2.2%, Mn:
0.7%, S: 0.21%), atomized Fe-N
i-S alloy powder (Ni: 4.4%, S: 0.12% contained), atomized Fe-Mo-S alloy powder (Mo: 1.
3%, S: 0.15%), atomized Fe-Ni-
Mo-S alloy powder (Ni: 4.2%, Mo: 1.5%,
S: 0.13%), Cr powder, Cu powder, Ni powder, Mo powder, S (sulfur) powder, graphite powder, h-BN powder, and boric acid powder were prepared. , And 0.75% of zinc stearate was added as a lubricating agent.
For 1 minute and press-molded into a green compact at a pressure of 5 to 7 ton / cm 2 , and the green compact is heated to 1100 to 1250 in an ammonia decomposition gas atmosphere in a mesh belt type sintering furnace.
After maintaining at a predetermined temperature within the range of 25 ° C. for 25 minutes, 5 to 40
By sintering at a predetermined cooling rate in the range of ° C./min to 550 ° C. and then allowing to cool, the composition is substantially the same as the above-mentioned composition and an optical microscope (magnification: 100
JIS Z2550 composed of a graphite-precipitated sintered material having the structure shown in Tables 1 and 2 [Ratio of pearlite phase and ratio of pores (free graphite) to the substrate] as measured by a structure photograph observed in (2). Tensile test piece of specified dimensions and outer diameter: 18 mm x inner diameter: 8 mm x length: 8 mm
The graphite-precipitated sintered material bearings of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the present bearings) 1 to 21 having the following dimensions, and Cr as an alloy component
, And thereby produced conventional graphite-precipitated sintered material bearings (hereinafter referred to as conventional bearings) each made of a graphite-precipitated sintered material in which precipitated free graphite is dispersed and distributed in a base material.
【００１５】ついで、上記の各種軸受のそれぞれに直
径：８ｍｍ×長さ：５０ｍｍの寸法をもったＳ４５Ｃの
炭素鋼製軸を挿通し（軸受と軸間のクリアランス：約２
５μｍ）、前記軸の両端部を前記軸受端面からそれぞれ
５ｍｍの間隔をもって支持し、前記軸受には直下より１
４８ｋｇｆ ／ｃｍ2 の面圧で高負荷をかけて定置し、
潤滑剤としてグリースを使用し、前記軸の周速を１２０
ｍ／ｍｉｎ．とする高面圧条件で摩耗試験を６０分間行
い、耐摩耗性を評価した。耐摩耗性の評価は、試験後の
軸受を長さ方向に横断し、下半部の軸受面における垂直
面にそった摩耗量を連続的に測定し、最大摩耗量と最小
摩耗量をピックアップした。これらの結果を表１、２に
示した。また、表１、２には５５ｍｍ×１０ｍｍ×１０
ｍｍの寸法をもった試験片を用いて行った引張試験結果
（引張強さ）も合わせて示した。Then, an S45C carbon steel shaft having a size of 8 mm in diameter × 50 mm in length is inserted into each of the above-mentioned various bearings (clearance between the bearing and the shaft: about 2 mm).
5 μm), supporting both ends of the shaft at an interval of 5 mm from the bearing end face, respectively.
48 kgf / cm 2 surface pressure, high load,
Use grease as lubricant, and adjust the peripheral speed of the shaft to 120
m / min. Abrasion test was conducted for 60 minutes under high surface pressure conditions to evaluate abrasion resistance. The wear resistance was evaluated by traversing the bearing in the longitudinal direction after the test, continuously measuring the amount of wear along the vertical surface in the lower half bearing surface, and picking up the maximum wear amount and the minimum wear amount . These results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. Tables 1 and 2 show that 55 mm × 10 mm × 10
The results (tensile strength) of a tensile test performed using a test piece having a dimension of mm are also shown.
【００１６】[0016]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１７】[0017]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の効果】表１、２に示される結果から、本発明軸
受１〜２１は、いずれもＣｒ固溶によって強化された実
質的にパーライト主体相の素地と、前記素地に分散分布
する気孔内に遊離黒鉛が析出して成長し、前記素地には
同じくＣｒ固溶によって遊離黒鉛の析出のない組織を有
する黒鉛析出焼結材料で構成されているので、高面圧下
での摩耗条件にもかかわらず、軸受面における最大摩耗
量と最小摩耗量の値が相対的に小さく、かつその差もき
わめて小さく、これは均等な摩耗で、すぐれた耐摩耗性
を発揮することを示すものであり、一方従来軸受は、実
質的に素地はパーライト主体相からなるが、前記素地中
に遊離黒鉛が析出して成長し、気孔内には遊離黒鉛の析
出が見られない組織を有する黒鉛析出焼結材料で構成さ
れているので、高面圧下での摩耗条件では析出遊離黒鉛
による素地の強度低下が原因で局部的に摩耗にバラツキ
が生ずるばかりでなく、摩耗進行がきわめて速く、使用
寿命の短命化か避けられないことが明らかである。上述
のように、この発明の黒鉛析出焼結材料軸受は、高面圧
下においてもすぐれた耐摩耗性を示し、すぐれた軸受特
性を長期に亘って発揮するので、各種駆動装置の高出力
化および高速化に満足に対応し、かつ省力化にも役立つ
など工業上有用な特性を有するのである。From the results shown in Tables 1 and 2, all of the bearings 1 to 21 of the present invention have a matrix of substantially pearlite-based phase reinforced by solid solution of Cr and pores dispersed and distributed in the matrix. Free graphite precipitates and grows on the base material, and the base material is made of a graphite precipitation sintered material having a structure in which free graphite does not precipitate due to solid solution of Cr. However, the values of the maximum wear amount and the minimum wear amount on the bearing surface are relatively small and the difference between them is extremely small, indicating that uniform wear and excellent wear resistance are exhibited. Conventional bearings are substantially composed of a pearlite-based phase, but a graphite-precipitated sintered material having a structure in which free graphite precipitates and grows in the base, and no free graphite is precipitated in pores. High because it is composed Not only variation occurs locally worn due to strength reduction of the matrix due to precipitation free graphite in the wear conditions at pressure, wear progresses very fast, it is clear that the inevitable or shortening of the service life. As described above, the graphite-precipitated sintered material bearing of the present invention exhibits excellent wear resistance even under a high surface pressure and exhibits excellent bearing characteristics over a long period of time. It has industrially useful characteristics, such as satisfactorily responding to high speeds and helping to save labor.
【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]
【提出日】平成１１年３月４日[Submission date] March 4, 1999
【手続補正１】[Procedure amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】００１６[Correction target item name] 0016
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction contents]
【００１６】[0016]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【手続補正２】[Procedure amendment 2]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】００１７[Correction target item name] 0017
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction contents]
【００１７】[0017]
【表２】 [Table 2]
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 桜田 徹 東京都港区芝５丁目33−８ 三菱自動車工 業株式会社内 (72)発明者 河原 利英 東京都港区芝５丁目33−８ 三菱自動車工 業株式会社内 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Toru Sakurada 5-33-8 Shiba, Minato-ku, Tokyo Inside Mitsubishi Motors Corporation (72) Inventor Toshihide Kawahara 5-33-8 Shiba, Minato-ku, Tokyo Mitsubishi Automotive Industry Co., Ltd.
Claims (4)
びに実質的に主体がパーライトの素地と、前記素地中に
分散分布する気孔内に析出して成長した遊離黒鉛とから
なる組織を有する遊離黒鉛析出鉄系焼結材料で構成した
ことを特徴とする高面圧下ですぐれた耐摩耗性を発揮す
る遊離黒鉛析出鉄系焼結材料製軸受。C: 1 to 3%; S: 0.05 to 1%; B: 0.05 to 1%; Cr: 0.5 to 5%; Cu: 0.5 to 4% by weight. %, Mn: 0.2-1%, with the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities, as well as a pearlite matrix and a precipitate mainly grown and dispersed in pores dispersed in the matrix. A bearing made of a free graphite-precipitated iron-based sintered material exhibiting excellent wear resistance under a high surface pressure, comprising a free graphite-precipitated iron-based sintered material having a structure composed of free graphite.
びに実質的に主体がパーライトの素地と、前記素地中に
分散分布する気孔内に析出して成長した遊離黒鉛とから
なる組織を有する遊離黒鉛析出鉄系焼結材料で構成した
ことを特徴とする高面圧下ですぐれた耐摩耗性を発揮す
る遊離黒鉛析出鉄系焼結材料製軸受。2.% by weight: C: 1 to 3%, S: 0.05 to 1%, B: 0.05 to 1%, Cr: 0.5 to 5%, Cu: 0.5 to 4 %, Mn: 0.2 to 1%, Ni: 1 to 5%, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, and a base material substantially composed of pearlite, Exhibits excellent wear resistance under high surface pressure characterized by a structure composed of free graphite precipitated iron-based sintered material having a structure consisting of free graphite precipitated and grown in pores dispersed and distributed in the substrate Bearing made of free graphite precipitated iron-based sintered material.
びに実質的に主体がパーライトの素地と、前記素地中に
分散分布する気孔内に析出して成長した遊離黒鉛とから
なる組織を有する遊離黒鉛析出鉄系焼結材料で構成した
ことを特徴とする高面圧下ですぐれた耐摩耗性を発揮す
る遊離黒鉛析出鉄系焼結材料製軸受。3. Weight%: C: 1 to 3%, S: 0.05 to 1%, B: 0.05 to 1%, Cr: 0.5 to 5%, Cu: 0.5 to 4 %, Mn: 0.2 to 1%, and Mo: 0.5 to 2%, with the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities. , Excellent wear resistance under high surface pressure characterized by being constituted by a free graphite precipitated iron-based sintered material having a structure consisting of free graphite precipitated and grown in pores dispersed and distributed in the matrix. A bearing made of free graphite-precipitated iron-based sintered material.
びに実質的に主体がパーライトの素地と、前記素地中に
分散分布する気孔内に析出して成長した遊離黒鉛とから
なる組織を有する遊離黒鉛析出鉄系焼結材料で構成した
ことを特徴とする高面圧下ですぐれた耐摩耗性を発揮す
る遊離黒鉛析出鉄系焼結材料製軸受。4. Weight%: C: 1 to 3%, S: 0.05 to 1%, B: 0.05 to 1%, Cr: 0.5 to 5%, Cu: 0.5 to 4 %, Mn: 0.2 to 1%, Ni: 1 to 5%, Mo: 0.5 to 2%, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, and substantially Characterized in that it is composed of a free graphite-precipitated iron-based sintered material having a structure consisting of a base material of pearlite and a free graphite grown and deposited in pores dispersed and distributed in the base material, Bearing made of free graphite-precipitated iron-based sintered material that exhibits excellent wear resistance.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14103098A JP3381626B2 (en) | 1998-05-22 | 1998-05-22 | Bearings made of free graphite-precipitated iron-based sintered material exhibiting excellent wear resistance under high surface pressure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14103098A JP3381626B2 (en) | 1998-05-22 | 1998-05-22 | Bearings made of free graphite-precipitated iron-based sintered material exhibiting excellent wear resistance under high surface pressure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11335798A true JPH11335798A (en) | 1999-12-07 |
| JP3381626B2 JP3381626B2 (en) | 2003-03-04 |
Family
ID=15282593
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14103098A Expired - Fee Related JP3381626B2 (en) | 1998-05-22 | 1998-05-22 | Bearings made of free graphite-precipitated iron-based sintered material exhibiting excellent wear resistance under high surface pressure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3381626B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20020073647A (en) * | 2001-03-15 | 2002-09-28 | 이우천 | Wear-resistant sliding bearing for heavy load |
| CN113357265A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2021-09-07 | 马勒国际有限公司 | Sintered bearing bush material, sliding bearing, internal combustion engine, and motor |
| DE102020202738A1 (en) | 2020-03-04 | 2021-09-09 | Mahle International Gmbh | Plain bearing, method for producing a plain bearing, internal combustion engine with plain bearing and electrical machine with plain bearing |
-
1998
- 1998-05-22 JP JP14103098A patent/JP3381626B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20020073647A (en) * | 2001-03-15 | 2002-09-28 | 이우천 | Wear-resistant sliding bearing for heavy load |
| CN113357265A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2021-09-07 | 马勒国际有限公司 | Sintered bearing bush material, sliding bearing, internal combustion engine, and motor |
| DE102020202738A1 (en) | 2020-03-04 | 2021-09-09 | Mahle International Gmbh | Plain bearing, method for producing a plain bearing, internal combustion engine with plain bearing and electrical machine with plain bearing |
| US11619258B2 (en) | 2020-03-04 | 2023-04-04 | Mahle International Gmbh | Sliding bearing, method for producing a sliding bearing, internal combustion engine having a sliding bearing and electric machine having a sliding bearing |
| CN113357265B (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2023-10-24 | 马勒国际有限公司 | Sintered bearing housing material, sliding bearing, internal combustion engine and motor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3381626B2 (en) | 2003-03-04 |
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