JPH11209768A - Production of carbide from flammable waste and apparatus therefor - Google Patents
Production of carbide from flammable waste and apparatus thereforInfo
- Publication number
- JPH11209768A JPH11209768A JP10023795A JP2379598A JPH11209768A JP H11209768 A JPH11209768 A JP H11209768A JP 10023795 A JP10023795 A JP 10023795A JP 2379598 A JP2379598 A JP 2379598A JP H11209768 A JPH11209768 A JP H11209768A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- carbide
- water
- combustible waste
- wet
- heavy metals
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000010849 combustible waste Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- LFYJSSARVMHQJB-QIXNEVBVSA-N bakuchiol Chemical compound CC(C)=CCC[C@@](C)(C=C)\C=C\C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LFYJSSARVMHQJB-QIXNEVBVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009920 chelation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Landscapes
- Coke Industry (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、可燃性廃棄物か
ら水溶性物質および溶出性重金属類を除去処分した炭化
物を製造する方法およびその装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing charcoal by removing water-soluble substances and elutable heavy metals from combustible waste.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来より、一般廃棄物（ごみ）から可燃
ごみを選別回収し、この可燃性廃棄物を減容あるいはさ
らに成形して燃料（または固形燃料）とする技術が多々
開発されている。そして、この可燃性廃棄物は、これを
燃焼ボイラーで燃焼して、発電などに利用されている。
この可燃性廃棄物は種々雑多なものからなり、特にこの
中にプラスチック類が含まれている。プラスチックの中
でも塩化ビニール、ポリプロピレンが比較的多く含まれ
ていることが多い。この塩化ビニール系のプラスチック
は減容過程で半溶融させることから成形物を得るのに好
都合である。一方、塩化ビニール系のプラスチックはそ
の燃焼時に多量の塩素ガスを発生するため、燃焼排ガス
は通常、排ガス処理装置により処理される。すなわち消
石灰を供給して塩素ガスを中和し捕集するようになって
いる。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, many techniques have been developed for selectively collecting combustible waste from general waste (garbage) and reducing or further shaping the combustible waste into fuel (or solid fuel). . The combustible waste is burned in a combustion boiler and used for power generation and the like.
This combustible waste is composed of various things, especially plastics. Of plastics, vinyl chloride and polypropylene are often contained in relatively large amounts. This vinyl chloride-based plastic is convenient for obtaining a molded product because it is semi-molten during the volume reduction process. On the other hand, since vinyl chloride-based plastics generate a large amount of chlorine gas during their combustion, the combustion exhaust gas is usually treated by an exhaust gas treatment device. That is, slaked lime is supplied to neutralize and collect chlorine gas.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】したがって、多量の消
石灰を使用する排ガス処理装置が必要となり、そのため
排ガス処理装置が大型化して設備費が増大するととも
に、ランニングコストが嵩むこととなる。また、燃焼炉
や排ガス処理装置までの配管、または燃焼ボイラーの熱
交換チューブは、多量の塩素水素で晒されることになる
ので、腐食の進行が早く、長期安定運転を阻害するとい
う問題がある。これを改良するため、最近では、可燃ご
みから直接脱塩素化した炭化物、あるいは固形燃料から
脱塩素化した炭化物を製造する方法も提案がなされてい
るが、この場合でも脱塩化率の点で充分満足するに至っ
ていない。それにまた、可燃性廃棄物には厨房からの食
塩や微量ながら溶出性重金属類も含まれているのであ
る。一方では、くぬぎなどを原料とし、低酸素雰囲気の
窯で長時間かけて、蒸し焼きにして炭（炭化物）を製造
している。そのため、森林の伐採など地球環境の破壊に
つながっている。また、炭化に際しては、熱エネルギー
を別途必要とすることになる。したがって、エネルギー
消費型であり、地球資源の枯渇、環境破壊につながるも
という問題もある。Therefore, an exhaust gas treatment apparatus using a large amount of slaked lime is required, which increases the size of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus, increases equipment costs, and increases running costs. Further, since the piping to the combustion furnace or the exhaust gas treatment apparatus or the heat exchange tube of the combustion boiler is exposed to a large amount of chlorine hydrogen, there is a problem that corrosion progresses quickly and hinders long-term stable operation. In order to improve this, recently, a method of producing carbide directly dechlorinated from combustible waste or dechlorinated carbide from solid fuel has been proposed. Not satisfied. In addition, combustible waste also contains salt from kitchens and trace amounts of eluting heavy metals. On the other hand, charcoal (carbide) is manufactured by steaming for a long time in a low-oxygen atmosphere kiln using kunagi as a raw material. This has led to the destruction of the global environment, such as deforestation. Further, upon carbonization, heat energy is separately required. Therefore, there is also a problem that it is energy-consuming, leading to depletion of global resources and environmental destruction.
【０００４】この発明は、上記のような問題を解決する
ためになしたものであり、可燃性廃棄物から水溶性物質
の除去率の高い、かつ含有重金属の極めて少ないクリー
ンな炭化物を得ることができ、廃棄物の再資源化有効利
用の構築に有利な可燃性廃棄物からの炭化物の製造方法
およびその製造装置を提供するものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to obtain a clean carbide having a high removal rate of a water-soluble substance from combustible waste and containing very little heavy metal. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of producing carbide from combustible waste and an apparatus for producing the same, which is advantageous for the construction of effective recycling of waste.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明に係る可燃性廃
棄物からの炭化物の製造方法は、可燃性廃棄物を低酸素
雰囲気下で加熱して炭化し、前記炭化物を水による湿式
粉砕した後、十分に浸漬し、脱水精製・乾燥するように
したことであり、これにより炭化物すなわち炭素の純化
を行なうことができる。また、前記水に酸を加えたこと
である。また、前記水が、温水である。さらに、可燃性
廃棄物からの炭化物の製造装置は、可燃性廃棄物を低酸
素雰囲気下で燃焼炉からの燃焼ガスにより外部加熱して
炭化する炭化装置と、前記炭化物を粉砕する湿式粉砕機
と、前記炭化物を精製脱水する脱水機と、脱水された炭
化物を乾燥する乾燥機と、からなることを特徴とする可
燃性廃棄物からの炭化物の製造装置である。また、前記
湿式粉砕機が湿式攪拌ミルである。According to the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a carbide from combustible waste, comprising heating the combustible waste in a low oxygen atmosphere to carbonize, and wet-pulverizing the carbide with water. Immersion, dehydration, purification and drying, thereby purifying carbides, that is, carbon. Further, an acid was added to the water. Further, the water is warm water. Further, a device for producing carbide from combustible waste, a carbonization device for externally heating the combustible waste with combustion gas from a combustion furnace under a low oxygen atmosphere, and a carbonization device, and a wet pulverizer for pulverizing the carbide. An apparatus for producing carbide from combustible waste, comprising: a dehydrator for purifying and dehydrating the carbide; and a dryer for drying the dehydrated carbide. Further, the wet mill is a wet stirring mill.
【０００６】前記において可燃性廃棄物とは、廃棄物の
中から可燃物を選別し減容化したもの、あるいは減容成
形した固形燃料であり、熱分解ガスとは、ＣＯ、炭化水
素ガスなどの可燃性ガスのことである。In the above, the flammable waste is a solid fuel obtained by selecting a flammable material from the waste and reducing the volume thereof, or a solid fuel formed by reducing the volume. The pyrolysis gas includes CO, hydrocarbon gas and the like. Flammable gas.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、この発明の実施の形態を図
１に基づいて、さらに詳細に説明する。図１において、
１は可燃性廃棄物を低酸素下あるいは窒素雰囲気下で、
４００〜８００℃に加熱しながら熱分解させて炭化する
炭化装置で、ロータリキルンなどが用いられる。２は燃
料を燃焼して燃焼ガスを発生させる燃焼炉で、燃焼ガス
を炭化装置１に導いて外部から加熱し、加熱後は燃焼炉
２に環流するようになっている。３は炭化物を水中で粉
砕するとともに炭化物中に残留する水溶性物質や重金属
類を水により洗浄除去する湿式粉砕機である。ここで、
炭化装置１で得られた炭化物は粉粒体さらには塊の混在
したものであり、特に大きい粒子や塊の場合、単に攪拌
だけでは水が内部まで充分浸透しないが、これを粉砕し
て細粒化することにより粒子表面積を増加させて、粒子
内部中への水の浸透を早くさせることが望ましい。ま
た、前記炭化物は微細な多孔質であることから、これを
単に水洗液（槽）に投入しただけでは水中に沈下するこ
と無く水面に浮上し、撹拌したとしても水が炭化物の中
まで浸透せず、十分な精製効果が期待できず、このため
精製効果を上げるには長時間の洗浄が必要となる。した
がって、炭化物の供給位置は粉砕室３２内のできるだけ
底部であることが望ましい。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in more detail with reference to FIG. In FIG.
1 is for combustible waste under low oxygen or nitrogen atmosphere,
This is a carbonization device that thermally decomposes and carbonizes while heating to 400 to 800 ° C, and uses a rotary kiln or the like. Reference numeral 2 denotes a combustion furnace for burning fuel to generate combustion gas. The combustion gas is guided to the carbonization device 1 and is heated from the outside. After the heating, the combustion gas is returned to the combustion furnace 2. Reference numeral 3 denotes a wet-type pulverizer for pulverizing carbides in water and washing and removing water-soluble substances and heavy metals remaining in the carbides with water. here,
The carbide obtained by the carbonization apparatus 1 is a mixture of powder and granules, and furthermore, in the case of particularly large particles and lumps, water does not sufficiently penetrate into the interior by simply stirring, but this is crushed to fine granules. It is desirable to increase the surface area of the particles by the conversion to accelerate the penetration of water into the inside of the particles. In addition, since the carbide is a fine porous material, if it is simply put into a washing liquid (tank), it floats on the surface of the water without sinking into water, and even if it is stirred, water penetrates into the carbide. Therefore, a sufficient purification effect cannot be expected, and therefore, a long cleaning time is required to enhance the purification effect. Therefore, it is desirable that the supply position of the carbide be located as low as possible in the grinding chamber 32.
【０００８】そして、上記の点を満たす湿式粉砕機３と
して、例えば図２に示すような湿式攪拌ミルを挙げるこ
とができる。このミルは、筒状本体３０内の上方寄りに
スクリーン３１を横設するとともに、筒状本体３０内に
スクリーン３１を貫通して上下端開口の中空の回転軸３
３を下端開口部３３ｂが筒状本体３０の底面から若干離
れた状態で縦設し、回転軸３３の上下方向中ほどの外周
面に通過孔３５を有する仕切板３４を設けて上下の粉砕
室３２を形成し、各粉砕室３２の回転軸３３の外周面に
複数の攪拌羽根３６と整流羽根３７とを設けたものであ
る。３８は水排出口および３９は粉砕媒体である。な
お、炭化物は水とともに上端開口部３３ａから供給され
るようになっている。また、水に予め硫酸、硝酸などの
酸を加えることができる。[0008] As a wet pulverizer 3 satisfying the above points, for example, a wet stirring mill as shown in FIG. 2 can be mentioned. In this mill, a screen 31 is provided laterally near an upper part in a cylindrical main body 30, and a hollow rotary shaft 3 having upper and lower ends opened through the screen 31 in the cylindrical main body 30.
3 is vertically installed with a lower end opening 33b slightly separated from the bottom surface of the cylindrical main body 30, and a partition plate 34 having a through hole 35 is provided on an outer peripheral surface in the middle of the rotating shaft 33 in the vertical direction. 32, and a plurality of agitating blades 36 and rectifying blades 37 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 33 of each crushing chamber 32. 38 is a water outlet and 39 is a grinding media. The carbide is supplied together with water from the upper end opening 33a. Further, an acid such as sulfuric acid or nitric acid can be added to water in advance.
【０００９】４は粉砕・洗浄された炭化物の脱水機で、
脱水された炭化物の含有水分は２０〜３０％程度であ
る。５は脱水機４からの水溶性物質や溶出した重金属類
を含む排水の排水処理装置である。６は脱水された炭化
物の乾燥機で、例えば後述するボイラーからのスチーム
を導いて外部から加熱するようになっている。これによ
り炭化物の水分含有率が数％以下となるように乾燥され
る。なお、後述するボイラーからのスチームにより熱交
換して得た熱風により直接乾燥してもよい。７は乾燥後
の炭化物の冷却機で、該炭化物を水により冷却する。８
は燃焼炉２の燃焼ガスの一部によりスチームを発生させ
るボイラーで、発電などに利用される。９はボイラー８
からのスチームにより温水（４０〜９０℃）を発生させ
る熱交換器で、この温水を湿式破砕機３に供給するよう
になっている。なお、温水はボイラー８からの排ガスに
より熱交換して得ることもできる。１０はボイラー８か
らの排ガスを処理する排ガス処理装置である。Reference numeral 4 denotes a dehydrator for the pulverized and washed carbide.
The water content of the dehydrated carbide is about 20 to 30%. Reference numeral 5 denotes a wastewater treatment device for wastewater containing water-soluble substances and eluted heavy metals from the dehydrator 4. Numeral 6 denotes a dryer for the dehydrated carbide, for example, which guides steam from a boiler to be described later and heats it from the outside. Thereby, the carbide is dried so that the moisture content thereof becomes several percent or less. In addition, you may dry directly with the hot air obtained by exchanging heat with the steam from a boiler mentioned later. Reference numeral 7 denotes a cooler for the dried carbide, which cools the carbide with water. 8
Is a boiler that generates steam by a part of the combustion gas of the combustion furnace 2 and is used for power generation and the like. 9 is boiler 8
The hot water is supplied to the wet crusher 3 by a heat exchanger that generates hot water (40 to 90 ° C.) by steam from the heat exchanger. Note that hot water can also be obtained by heat exchange with exhaust gas from the boiler 8. Reference numeral 10 denotes an exhaust gas treatment device for treating exhaust gas from the boiler 8.
【００１０】可燃性廃棄物を炭化装置１に投入する。こ
こで可燃性廃棄物は炭化装置１内の低酸素雰囲気と燃焼
炉２からの燃焼ガスによる外部加熱により熱分解し、炭
化される。前記可燃性廃棄物の熱分解による炭化の過程
で、熱分解ガスとともに塩化水素が発生するが、これら
のガスを燃焼炉２に導くことにより、脱塩素化された炭
化物となる。燃焼炉２に流入した熱分解ガスは、可燃性
ガス（ＣＯ、炭化水素ガスなど）であるから完全燃焼に
よる熱エネルギーの有効回収が図られる。これにより燃
焼炉２での燃料の使用はほとんど不要となり、ひいては
炭化物製造のランニングコストを低下させることができ
る。なお、炭化装置１の加熱に供されて温度の低下した
燃焼ガスは燃焼炉２へ環流されて再加熱される。[0010] The combustible waste is charged into the carbonization apparatus 1. Here, the combustible waste is thermally decomposed and carbonized by the external heating by the low oxygen atmosphere in the carbonization device 1 and the combustion gas from the combustion furnace 2. In the process of carbonization of the combustible waste by thermal decomposition, hydrogen chloride is generated together with the pyrolysis gas. By introducing these gases into the combustion furnace 2, dechlorinated carbide is formed. Since the pyrolysis gas flowing into the combustion furnace 2 is a combustible gas (CO, hydrocarbon gas, or the like), effective recovery of thermal energy by complete combustion is achieved. As a result, the use of fuel in the combustion furnace 2 becomes almost unnecessary, and the running cost of carbide production can be reduced. The combustion gas whose temperature has been reduced by being heated by the carbonization device 1 is returned to the combustion furnace 2 and reheated.
【００１１】次いで、湿式粉砕機３に水を供給するとも
に、前記炭化物を投入する。ここで、前記炭化物は水中
で撹拌・粉砕される。この過程で該炭化物中に残留して
いる水溶性物質および溶出重金属類が洗浄除去される。
これを図２に示す湿式攪拌ミルにより詳しく説明する
と、炭化物を洗浄用の水に混合してスラリー状にしたも
のを図示しない圧送ポンプを介して上端開口部３３ａか
ら圧送供給すると、炭化物は水とともに中空回転軸３３
内を通って下端開口部３３ｂから粉砕室３２の下部に流
入する。下部粉砕室３２内の炭化物は回転軸３３ととも
に回転する攪拌羽根３６の攪拌作用によって、水中で炭
化物同志及び粉砕媒体３９との衝突を繰り返しながら上
向きに流れ、次いで整流羽根３７によって下向きに流れ
る循環流となり、この過程で前記衝突による粉砕が進行
するとともに炭化物中の水溶性物質および溶出重金属類
が溶出する。粉砕・洗浄された炭化物は水とともに仕切
板３４の通過孔３５を通り、上部粉砕室３２に入り、こ
こで再び前記と同様の作用を繰り返した後、水とともに
スクリーン３１を通過し、水排出口３８から排出され
る。Next, water is supplied to the wet pulverizer 3 and the above-mentioned carbide is introduced. Here, the carbide is stirred and pulverized in water. In this process, the water-soluble substances and the eluted heavy metals remaining in the carbide are removed by washing.
This will be described in more detail with reference to a wet stirring mill shown in FIG. 2. When the carbide is mixed with water for washing to form a slurry and is supplied by pressure from an upper end opening 33 a through a pressure pump (not shown), the carbide is mixed with water. Hollow rotating shaft 33
It flows into the lower part of the crushing chamber 32 from the lower end opening 33b through the inside. The carbide in the lower crushing chamber 32 flows upward while repeatedly colliding with the carbides and the grinding medium 39 in the water by the stirring action of the stirring blade 36 rotating together with the rotating shaft 33, and then the circulating flow flowing downward by the rectifying blade 37. In this process, the pulverization by the collision proceeds, and the water-soluble substances and the dissolved heavy metals in the carbide are eluted. The crushed and washed carbide passes through the passage hole 35 of the partition plate 34 together with the water, and enters the upper crushing chamber 32, where the same operation as above is repeated again. It is discharged from 38.
【００１２】ここで、炭化物は粉粒体さらには塊の混在
したものであり、特に大きな粒子や塊は攪拌羽根３６に
よって粉砕され細粒化することにより粒子表面積が増加
し、粒子内部中への水の浸透が早くなり、充分な洗浄効
果が得られるのである。また、前記炭化物は微細な多孔
質であることから、これを従来のような水洗液槽に投入
しただけでは水中に沈下すること無く水面に浮上し、例
え撹拌したとしても水が炭化物の中まで浸透せず、十分
な精製効果が期待できず、このため精製効果を上げるに
は長時間の洗浄が必要となる。したがって、炭化物の供
給位置を粉砕室３２内の（水中の）底部にするととも
に、炭化物が浮上する過程で撹拌・混合と粉砕を行なう
ことにより、細粒化されて粒子表面積の増加し、これに
より粉体中への水の浸透が早くなり、水溶性物質や溶出
した重金属類の溶解・溶出が確実となって、それらの除
去効率がアップするとともに、その処理時間も大きく短
縮される。[0012] Here, the carbide is a mixture of powder and granules, and also agglomerates. Particularly, large particles and agglomerates are pulverized by the stirring blades 36 and refined to increase the surface area of the particles, and the inside of the particles is increased. Water permeation becomes faster, and a sufficient washing effect can be obtained. In addition, since the carbide is a fine porous material, it is floated on the surface of the water without sinking into the water only by throwing it into a conventional washing liquid tank, even if the water is stirred, even if it is stirred. It does not penetrate, and a sufficient purification effect cannot be expected. For this reason, a long cleaning time is required to increase the purification effect. Accordingly, the supply position of the carbide is set at the bottom (in the water) in the crushing chamber 32, and by stirring, mixing and crushing in the process of floating the carbide, the particles are refined and the particle surface area is increased. The penetration of water into the powder is accelerated, and the dissolution and elution of the water-soluble substances and the eluted heavy metals are ensured. The efficiency of their removal is increased, and the processing time is greatly reduced.
【００１３】また、水を温水に変えることにより、水溶
性物質および重金属類の溶解・溶出は更に促進される。
また水に酸を加えることにより、あるいは水にＣＯ2ガ
スを吹込むことにより、炭化物の表面のみならず内面に
残存している水溶性物質や溶出性重金属類の洗浄除去が
向上する。[0013] By changing the water to warm water, the dissolution and elution of water-soluble substances and heavy metals are further promoted.
Further, by adding an acid to water or by blowing CO2 gas into water, the water-soluble substances and elutable heavy metals remaining on the inner surface as well as on the surface of the carbide can be washed and removed.
【００１４】粉砕・洗浄された炭化物は、脱水機４に投
入されて脱水される。脱水された炭化物は、２０〜３０
％程度の水分を含んでいるので、さらに乾燥機８に投入
され、ここで、ボイラー３からのスチームにより外部加
熱されて、所定の水分好ましくは数％以下まで乾燥さ
れ、次いで冷却機９で、水により冷却された後、水溶性
物質や重金属類が除去された炭化物として取り出され
る。脱水機４からの水溶性物質や溶出重金属類を含む排
水は排水処理装置７へ送られて適宜処理された後、排水
される。なお、前記排水を排ガス処理装置１０の前部に
設けた図示しないガス冷却塔の噴霧水として使用するこ
とができる。また、燃焼炉２からの燃焼ガスの一部は、
ボイラー８に供給されて水蒸気を発生させた後、排ガス
処理装置１０に導かれ、該燃焼ガス中に含まれるダスト
および塩化水素が除去される。すなわち、ボイラー８か
らの燃焼排ガスは排ガス処理装置１０の前部に設けた図
示しないガス冷却搭により降温後、バグフイルタでその
中のダストが捕集され、また消石灰をバグフィルタの前
部に供給することにより、燃焼排ガス中に含まれる塩化
水素が中和されて捕集され、さらには他の有害ガスは吸
着塔で吸着除去され、清浄となったガスは大気に放出さ
れる。この場合、燃焼炉２は熱分解ガスのガス化燃焼の
ため、完全燃焼しやすく燃焼炉２の出口でのダイオキシ
ンの発生が大幅に抑制される。The pulverized and washed carbide is put into a dehydrator 4 to be dehydrated. The dehydrated carbide is 20-30
% Of water, is further introduced into the dryer 8, where it is externally heated by steam from the boiler 3 and dried to a predetermined water content, preferably several% or less, and then in the cooler 9, After being cooled by water, it is taken out as a carbide from which water-soluble substances and heavy metals have been removed. The wastewater containing the water-soluble substance and the eluted heavy metals from the dehydrator 4 is sent to a wastewater treatment device 7 where it is appropriately treated and then drained. The wastewater can be used as spray water for a gas cooling tower (not shown) provided at the front of the exhaust gas treatment device 10. A part of the combustion gas from the combustion furnace 2 is
After being supplied to the boiler 8 to generate steam, the steam is guided to an exhaust gas treatment device 10 to remove dust and hydrogen chloride contained in the combustion gas. That is, the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas from the boiler 8 is lowered by a gas cooling tower (not shown) provided at the front of the exhaust gas treatment device 10, and the dust therein is collected by a bag filter, and slaked lime is supplied to the front of the bag filter. As a result, hydrogen chloride contained in the combustion exhaust gas is neutralized and collected, and other harmful gases are adsorbed and removed by the adsorption tower, and the purified gas is released to the atmosphere. In this case, since the combustion furnace 2 gasifies and combusts the pyrolysis gas, the combustion furnace 2 easily burns completely, and the generation of dioxin at the outlet of the combustion furnace 2 is greatly suppressed.
【００１５】また、可燃性廃棄物として減容されたも
の、または減容成形されたものを用いて炭化すると、そ
のための加熱温度制御（管理）や定量供給などが容易と
なり、安定した処理が可能となって、炭化度の高い炭化
物を得ることができる。なお、前記捕集された塩化カル
シュウム、重金属を含んだダストは、常法によりセメン
ト固化、キレート処理または溶融固化など適正処理をし
て排出される。[0015] Further, when carbonized using flammable waste reduced in volume or reduced in volume is used, heating temperature control (management), quantitative supply, and the like are facilitated, and stable processing is possible. Thus, a carbide having a high degree of carbonization can be obtained. The collected dust containing calcium chloride and heavy metal is subjected to an appropriate treatment such as cement solidification, chelation treatment or melt solidification by a conventional method, and is discharged.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の効果】この発明は、上記のように構成したか
ら、次に述べるような効果を奏する。請求項１によれ
ば、可燃性廃棄物を低酸素雰囲気下で加熱して炭化し、
前記炭化物を水による湿式粉砕した後、精製脱水し、さ
らに乾燥するようにしたので、炭化物中に残存する水溶
性物質や重金属類を短時間かつ極めて高い効率で除去す
ることができ、したがって、この炭化物は有害物質であ
る水溶性物質や重金属類をほとんど含まない精製された
炭化物となり、各種用途例えば石炭焚きボイラー用など
の燃料として使用しても装置の腐食が無くまたダイオキ
シンの発生はまずない。また他の用途として、この炭化
物は吸着性・保水性に富んでいることから、これを有機
肥料に混合することによりその製造工程における脱臭材
してまた施肥後は土壌改良材として使用でき、また活性
炭の原料として、さらには溶銑炉（例えばキューポラ
の）への吹込み粉コークスの代用炭材（加炭材）として
有効に使用し得る。Since the present invention has the above-described structure, it has the following effects. According to claim 1, the combustible waste is heated and carbonized in a low oxygen atmosphere,
Since the carbide is wet-pulverized with water, purified and dehydrated, and further dried, water-soluble substances and heavy metals remaining in the carbide can be removed in a short time and with extremely high efficiency. The carbide is a refined carbide substantially free of harmful substances such as water-soluble substances and heavy metals. Even when used as a fuel for various purposes, for example, for a coal-fired boiler, there is no corrosion of the apparatus and dioxin is hardly generated. As another application, since this carbide is rich in adsorptivity and water retention, it can be used as a deodorizer in the production process by mixing it with an organic fertilizer and as a soil improver after fertilization. It can be effectively used as a raw material of activated carbon, and also as a substitute carbon material (carburized material) for coke blown into a hot metal furnace (eg, of cupola).
【００１７】また、請求項２によれば、前記水に酸を加
えて炭化物を洗浄することにより、水溶性物質や重金属
類の除去効率がさらに向上する。また、請求項３によれ
ば、温水を用いて炭化物を洗浄することにより、水溶性
物質や重金属類を短時間かつ効率よく除去することがで
きる。さらに、請求項４によれば、特に湿式粉砕機を採
用することにより、簡単な構造により炭化物の粉砕と洗
浄とを同時に行うことができる。According to the second aspect, the efficiency of removing water-soluble substances and heavy metals can be further improved by adding an acid to the water to wash the carbide. According to the third aspect, by washing the carbide using warm water, water-soluble substances and heavy metals can be efficiently removed in a short time. Furthermore, according to the fourth aspect, particularly by employing a wet pulverizer, pulverization and cleaning of the carbide can be simultaneously performed with a simple structure.
【図１】この発明の実施の形態を示すフロー図である。FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】この発明の実施の形態に係る湿式攪拌ミルの断
面図である。FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a wet stirring mill according to the embodiment of the present invention.
１ 炭化装置 ２ 燃焼炉 ３ 湿式粉砕機 ４ 脱水機 ５ 排水処理装置 ６ 乾燥機 ７ 冷却機 ８ ボイラー ９ 熱交換器 １０ 排ガス処理装置 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Carbonization apparatus 2 Combustion furnace 3 Wet pulverizer 4 Dehydrator 5 Wastewater treatment apparatus 6 Dryer 7 Cooler 8 Boiler 9 Heat exchanger 10 Exhaust gas treatment apparatus
フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 ＦＩ Ｂ０９Ｂ 5/00 Ｑ (72)発明者 小野 治之 大阪府大阪市西区北堀江１丁目12番19号 株式会社栗本鐵工所内 (72)発明者 肥塚 和彦 大阪府大阪市西区北堀江１丁目12番19号 株式会社栗本鐵工所内 (72)発明者 廣瀬 友弘 千葉県船橋市本町７丁目７番１号 船橋ツ インビル西館６Ｆ 株式会社テクノフロン ティア内 (72)発明者 山本 陽一 千葉県船橋市本町７丁目７番１号 船橋ツ インビル西館６Ｆ 株式会社テクノフロン ティア内Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code FI B09B 5/00 Q (72) Inventor Haruyuki Ono 1-12-19 Kitahorie, Nishi-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Prefecture Kurimoto Iron Works Co., Ltd. (72) Invention Hizuzuka Kazuhiko 1-12-19 Kitahorie, Nishi-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Inside the Kurimoto Ironworks Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hirose Hirose 7-7-1, Honcho, Funabashi-shi, Chiba Prefecture (72) Inventor Yoichi Yamamoto 7-7-1, Honcho, Funabashi-shi, Chiba Funabashi Tsu-in Building West Building 6F Technoflon Tear Co., Ltd.
Claims (5)
て炭化し、前記炭化物を湿式粉砕し、かつ十分に湿潤状
態にした後、脱水精製し乾燥するようにしたことを特徴
とする可燃性廃棄物からの炭化物の製造方法。Claims 1. A combustible waste is heated and carbonized in a low-oxygen atmosphere, and the carbonized material is wet-pulverized and brought into a sufficiently wet state, followed by dehydration purification and drying. A method for producing carbide from combustible waste.
求項１記載の可燃性廃棄物からの炭化物の製造方法。2. The method for producing carbide from combustible waste according to claim 1, wherein an acid is added to said water.
求項１または２記載の可燃性廃棄物からの炭化物の製造
方法。3. The method for producing carbide from combustible waste according to claim 1, wherein the water is hot water.
からの燃焼ガスにより外部加熱して炭化する炭化装置
と、前記炭化物を粉砕する湿式粉砕機と、その浸漬状態
の炭化物を精製脱水する脱水機と、精製脱水された炭化
物を乾燥する乾燥機と、からなることを特徴とする可燃
性廃棄物からの炭化物の製造装置。4. A carbonization device for externally heating combustible waste with a combustion gas from a combustion furnace in a low-oxygen atmosphere to carbonize the same, a wet pulverizer for pulverizing the carbide, and purifying and dewatering the carbonized material in the immersion state. An apparatus for producing carbides from combustible waste, comprising: a dehydrator for drying and a dryer for drying purified and dehydrated carbides.
ことを特徴とする請求項４記載の可燃性廃棄物からの炭
化物の製造装置。5. The apparatus for producing carbide from combustible waste according to claim 4, wherein the wet mill is a wet stirring mill.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02379598A JP3530001B2 (en) | 1998-01-20 | 1998-01-20 | Method and apparatus for producing char from combustible waste |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02379598A JP3530001B2 (en) | 1998-01-20 | 1998-01-20 | Method and apparatus for producing char from combustible waste |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11209768A true JPH11209768A (en) | 1999-08-03 |
| JP3530001B2 JP3530001B2 (en) | 2004-05-24 |
Family
ID=12120269
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02379598A Expired - Lifetime JP3530001B2 (en) | 1998-01-20 | 1998-01-20 | Method and apparatus for producing char from combustible waste |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3530001B2 (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001348582A (en) * | 2000-06-06 | 2001-12-18 | Kurimoto Ltd | Liquid carbon fuel by using combustible waste, and method and apparatus for producing the same |
| US6875317B1 (en) | 1999-03-03 | 2005-04-05 | Jiro Toyoda | Waste treating method |
| WO2005077826A1 (en) * | 2004-02-12 | 2005-08-25 | Mitsubishi Corporation | Method for producing amorphous carbon particles |
| JP2007145968A (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2007-06-14 | Kohei Matsushita | Waste utilization system |
| JP2008007387A (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-01-17 | Kansai Coke & Chem Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for highly purifying activated carbon |
| JP2008285547A (en) * | 2007-05-16 | 2008-11-27 | Ihi Corp | Dechlorination apparatus and dechlorination method for carbonized product |
| JP2010106188A (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2010-05-13 | Ihi Corp | Method and apparatus for desalinating carbonized material |
| JP2010172812A (en) * | 2009-01-28 | 2010-08-12 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | Method for decreasing elution amount of heavy metal of steelmaking dust |
-
1998
- 1998-01-20 JP JP02379598A patent/JP3530001B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6875317B1 (en) | 1999-03-03 | 2005-04-05 | Jiro Toyoda | Waste treating method |
| JP2001348582A (en) * | 2000-06-06 | 2001-12-18 | Kurimoto Ltd | Liquid carbon fuel by using combustible waste, and method and apparatus for producing the same |
| WO2005077826A1 (en) * | 2004-02-12 | 2005-08-25 | Mitsubishi Corporation | Method for producing amorphous carbon particles |
| JP2007145968A (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2007-06-14 | Kohei Matsushita | Waste utilization system |
| JP2008007387A (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-01-17 | Kansai Coke & Chem Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for highly purifying activated carbon |
| JP2008285547A (en) * | 2007-05-16 | 2008-11-27 | Ihi Corp | Dechlorination apparatus and dechlorination method for carbonized product |
| JP2010106188A (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2010-05-13 | Ihi Corp | Method and apparatus for desalinating carbonized material |
| JP2010172812A (en) * | 2009-01-28 | 2010-08-12 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | Method for decreasing elution amount of heavy metal of steelmaking dust |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3530001B2 (en) | 2004-05-24 |
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