JPH11202512A - Electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge having same and electrophotographic device - Google Patents

Electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge having same and electrophotographic device

Info

Publication number
JPH11202512A
JPH11202512A JP1199198A JP1199198A JPH11202512A JP H11202512 A JPH11202512 A JP H11202512A JP 1199198 A JP1199198 A JP 1199198A JP 1199198 A JP1199198 A JP 1199198A JP H11202512 A JPH11202512 A JP H11202512A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
electrophotographic
photosensitive member
substituent
electrophotographic photosensitive
oxytitanium phthalocyanine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
JP1199198A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Norihiro Kikuchi
憲裕 菊地
Takakazu Tanaka
孝和 田中
Mitsuhiro Kunieda
光弘 國枝
Tetsuo Kanamaru
哲郎 金丸
Koichi Nakada
浩一 中田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Canon Inc
Original Assignee
Canon Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Canon Inc filed Critical Canon Inc
Priority to JP1199198A priority Critical patent/JPH11202512A/en
Publication of JPH11202512A publication Critical patent/JPH11202512A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Landscapes

  • Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the electrophotographic photoreceptor having high sensitivity enough even in the long wavelength region. SOLUTION: A photosensitive layer which is formed on the electrically conductive substrate to obtain this electrophotographic photoreceptor contains crystalline oxytitanium phthalocyanine having intense peaks at Bragg angle (2θ±0.2 deg.) of 9.0 deg., 14.2 deg., and 23.9 deg., and 27.1 deg. in the X-ray diffraction using Cu-Kα, and a compound represented by the structural formula.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は電子写真感光体並び
に該電子写真感光体を備えたプロセスカ−トリッジ及び
電子写真装置に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrophotographic photosensitive member, a process cartridge having the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and an electrophotographic apparatus.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来、電子写真感光体としてはセレン、
硫化カドミウム、酸化亜鉛等を主成分とする感光層を有
する無機感光体が広く用いられてきた。これらは、熱安
定性、耐湿性、耐久性等において必ずしも満足し得るも
のではなく、特にセレン及び硫化カドミウムは毒性のた
めに製造上並びに取り扱い上に制約があった。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, selenium,
Inorganic photoreceptors having a photosensitive layer containing cadmium sulfide, zinc oxide or the like as a main component have been widely used. These are not always satisfactory in heat stability, moisture resistance, durability, and the like. In particular, selenium and cadmium sulfide are restricted in production and handling due to toxicity.

【0003】一方、有機光導電性化合物を主成分とする
感光層を有する有機感光体は、無機感光体の上記欠点を
補う等多くの利点を有し、近年注目を集めている。この
ような有機感光体としてはポリ−N−ビニルカルバゾ−
ルに代表される光導電性ポリマ−及びこれと2,4,7
−トリニトロ−9−フルオレノン等のルイス酸とから形
成される電荷移動錯体を主成分とする感光層を有する電
子写真感光体は既に実用化されている。しかし、この感
光体は、感度及び耐久性において必ずしも満足できるも
のではない。
On the other hand, an organic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer containing an organic photoconductive compound as a main component has many advantages, such as compensating the above-mentioned disadvantages of an inorganic photoreceptor, and has attracted attention in recent years. As such an organic photoreceptor, poly-N-vinylcarbazo-
And photoconductive polymers typified by 2,4,7
An electrophotographic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer mainly composed of a charge transfer complex formed with a Lewis acid such as -trinitro-9-fluorenone has already been put to practical use. However, this photoreceptor is not always satisfactory in sensitivity and durability.

【0004】一方、電荷発生機能と電荷輸送機能とをそ
れぞれ別個の物質に分担させた、所謂機能分離型電子写
真感光体は、従来の有機感光体の欠点とされていた感度
や耐久性に改善をもたらした。この機能分離型感光体
は、電荷発生物質、電荷輸送物質の各々の材料選択範囲
が広く、任意の特性を有する電子写真感光体を比較的容
易に作成できるという利点を有している。
On the other hand, a so-called function-separated type electrophotographic photoreceptor in which the charge generation function and the charge transport function are shared by different substances, respectively, has improved sensitivity and durability, which have been disadvantages of conventional organic photoreceptors. Brought. This function-separated type photoreceptor has the advantage that the material selection range of the charge generating substance and the charge transporting substance is wide, and an electrophotographic photoreceptor having arbitrary characteristics can be relatively easily prepared.

【0005】近年、電子写真感光体が複写機のみなら
ず、電子写真技術を応用したノンインパクト型のプリン
タ−への使用が急速に増加してきている。これらは主と
してレ−ザ−光を光源とするレ−ザ−ビ−ムプリンタ−
であり、その光源としてはコスト、装置の大きさ等の点
から半導体レ−ザ−が用いられる。
In recent years, the use of electrophotographic photosensitive members not only in copying machines but also in non-impact printers to which electrophotographic technology is applied has been rapidly increasing. These are mainly laser beam printers using laser light as a light source.
A semiconductor laser is used as the light source in terms of cost, size of the device, and the like.

【0006】現在、主として用いられている半導体レ−
ザ−はその発振波長が790±20nmと長波長のた
め、これらの長波長の光に十分な感度を有する電子写真
感光体の開発が進められてきた。長波長側での感度は電
荷発生材料の種類によって変わるものであり、多くの電
荷発生材料が検討されている。
At present, semiconductor lasers mainly used are
Since the laser has a long wavelength of 790 ± 20 nm, the development of an electrophotographic photoreceptor having sufficient sensitivity to such long wavelength light has been promoted. The sensitivity on the long wavelength side varies depending on the type of charge generation material, and many charge generation materials have been studied.

【0007】代表的な電荷発生材料としてはフタロシア
ニン顔料、アゾ顔料、シアニン染料、アズレン染料、ス
クアリリウム染料等がある。
Typical charge generation materials include phthalocyanine pigments, azo pigments, cyanine dyes, azulene dyes, squarylium dyes and the like.

【0008】一方、長波長光に対して感度を有する電荷
発生材料として、近年、アルミクロルフタロシアニン、
クロロインジウムフタロシアニン、オキシバナジルフタ
ロシアニン、クロロガリウムフタロシアニン、マグネシ
ウムフタロシアニン、オキシチタニウムフタロシアニン
等の金属フタロシアニンあるいは無金属フタロシアニン
についての研究が多くなされている。
On the other hand, in recent years, as a charge generation material having sensitivity to long wavelength light, aluminum chlorophthalocyanine,
Many studies have been made on metal phthalocyanines such as chloroindium phthalocyanine, oxyvanadyl phthalocyanine, chlorogallium phthalocyanine, magnesium phthalocyanine, and oxytitanium phthalocyanine, or metal-free phthalocyanines.

【0009】このうち多くのフタロシアニン化合物では
多形の存在が知られており、例えば無金属フタロシアニ
ンではα型、β型、γ型、δ型、ε型、χ型等が一般に
知られている。
Among them, many phthalocyanine compounds are known to have polymorphs. For example, metal-free phthalocyanines are generally known as α-type, β-type, γ-type, δ-type, ε-type, and χ-type.

【0010】また、結晶形の違いが電子写真特性(感
度、耐久時の電位安定性等)及び塗料化した場合の塗料
特性にも大きな影響を与えることも一般に知られてい
る。
It is also generally known that the difference in crystal form greatly affects the electrophotographic characteristics (sensitivity, potential stability during durability, etc.) and the characteristics of the paint when formed into a paint.

【0011】特に長波長の光に対して高感度を有するオ
キシチタニウムフタロシアニンに関しても上述のごとく
無金属フタロシアニンや銅フタロシアニン等、他のフタ
ロシアニンと同様に多形が存在する。例えば、特開昭5
9−49544号公報(USP4,444,851)、
特開昭59−166959号公報、特開昭61−239
248号公報(USP4,728,592)、特開昭6
2−67094号公報(USP4,664,997)、
特開昭63−366号公報、特開昭63−116158
号公報)、特開昭63−198067号公報及び特開昭
64−17066号公報に各々結晶形の異なるオキシチ
タニウムフタロシアニンが報告されている。
In particular, oxytitanium phthalocyanine, which has high sensitivity to long-wavelength light, also has polymorphism, as described above, such as metal-free phthalocyanine and copper phthalocyanine, as well as other phthalocyanines. For example, JP
No. 9-49544 (US Pat. No. 4,444,851),
JP-A-59-166959, JP-A-61-239
No. 248 (USP 4,728,592);
2-67094, US Pat. No. 4,664,997,
JP-A-63-366, JP-A-63-116158
JP-A-63-198067 and JP-A-64-17066 report oxytitanium phthalocyanines having different crystal forms.

【0012】しかし、これらのオキシチタニウムフタロ
シアニンは、感度が十分でなかったり、繰り返し使用時
の電位安定性が悪かったり、帯電能が悪かったり、使用
環境の変化による画像劣化が見られる等、実際の使用上
問題となる点が幾つか有り、未だ十分満足の得られるも
のが得られていない。
However, these oxytitanium phthalocyanines do not have sufficient sensitivity, have poor potential stability upon repeated use, have poor chargeability, and have image deterioration due to a change in use environment. There are some problems in use, and a satisfactory one has not yet been obtained.

【0013】ところで、一般に感光体においては、ある
特定の電荷発生物質に対して有効な電荷輸送物質が他の
電荷発生物質に対して有効であるとは限らず、また逆
に、ある特定の電荷輸送物質に有効な電荷発生物質が他
の電荷輸送物質に対して有効であるとは限らない。即
ち、電荷の受け渡しをするこれらの電荷発生物質と電荷
輸送物質には必ず好ましくない組み合わせがある。
In general, in a photoreceptor, a charge-transporting substance that is effective for a specific charge-generating substance is not always effective for another charge-generating substance. A charge generating material that is effective for a transport material is not always effective for another charge transport material. That is, there is always an unfavorable combination of these charge generating materials and charge transporting materials that transfer charges.

【0014】不適当な組み合わせでは感度低下や残留電
位の上昇を生じたり、繰り返し使用時の電位安定性の悪
化や帯電能の低下等の多くの問題を生じる。
An improper combination causes many problems such as a decrease in sensitivity and an increase in residual potential, a deterioration in potential stability when repeatedly used, and a decrease in charging ability.

【0015】従って、電荷発生物質と電荷輸送物質との
組み合わせは極めて重要であるが、一般的な法則は存在
せず、特定の電荷発生物質に適合した電荷輸送物質を見
出すのは非常に困難である。そこで本発明者等は鋭意研
究の結果本発明に至った。
Therefore, although the combination of the charge generating material and the charge transporting material is extremely important, there is no general rule, and it is very difficult to find a charge transporting material suitable for a specific charge generating material. is there. Therefore, the present inventors have assiduously studied and arrived at the present invention.

【0016】[0016]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は長波長
域においても十分な高感度を有する電子写真感光体を提
供すること、また、繰り返し使用時の電位が安定に維持
され、かつ、使用環境(温度、湿度)によらず安定した
電位特性と画像特性を示す電子写真感光体を提供するこ
とである。また該電子写真感光体を用いたプロセスカ−
トリッジ並びに電子写真装置を提供することである。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a sufficiently high sensitivity even in a long wavelength region, and to stably maintain a potential upon repeated use. An object of the present invention is to provide an electrophotographic photosensitive member that exhibits stable potential characteristics and image characteristics regardless of the environment (temperature and humidity). A process card using the electrophotographic photosensitive member
An object of the present invention is to provide a cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus.

【0017】[0017]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は導電性支持体上
に感光層を有する電子写真感光体において、該感光層が
CuKαのX線回折におけるブラッグ角2θ±0.2°
が9.0°、14.2°、23.9°及び27.1°に
強いピ−クを有する結晶形のオキシチタニウムフタロシ
アニン及び下記一般式(1)
According to the present invention, there is provided an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a photosensitive layer on a conductive support, wherein the photosensitive layer has a Bragg angle 2θ ± 0.2 ° in X-ray diffraction of CuKα.
Is a crystal form of oxytitanium phthalocyanine having a strong peak at 9.0 °, 14.2 °, 23.9 ° and 27.1 °, and the following general formula (1):

【化2】 (式中、R1 、R2 、R3 及びR4 は置換基を有しても
よいアルキル基、置換基を有してもよいアラルキル基、
置換基を有してもよい芳香環基、置換基を有してもよい
複素環基または水素原子を示し、なお、R3 とR4 は共
同で環を形成してもよい。また、R5 及びR6 はアルキ
ル基、アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子または水素原子を示
す。Ar1 は置換基を有してもよい芳香環基または置換
基を有してもよい複素環基を示す。)で示される化合物
を含有することを特徴とする電子写真感光体から構成さ
れる。
Embedded image (Wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an aralkyl group which may have a substituent,
It represents an aromatic ring group which may have a substituent, a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent or a hydrogen atom, and R 3 and R 4 may form a ring together. R 5 and R 6 represent an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a halogen atom or a hydrogen atom. Ar 1 represents an aromatic ring group which may have a substituent or a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent. ), Comprising an electrophotographic photosensitive member characterized by containing the compound represented by the formula (1).

【0018】また、本発明は前記本発明の電子写真感光
体、及び帯電手段、現像手段及びクリ−ニング手段から
なる群より選ばれる少なくとも一つの手段を一体に支持
し、電子写真装置本体に着脱自在であることを特徴とす
るプロセスカ−トリッジから構成される。
According to the present invention, the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention, and at least one means selected from the group consisting of a charging means, a developing means and a cleaning means are integrally supported and attached to and detached from an electrophotographic apparatus main body. It is composed of a process cartridge characterized by being flexible.

【0019】また、本発明は前記本発明の電子写真感光
体、帯電手段、像露光手段、現像手段及び転写手段を有
することを特徴とする電子写真装置から構成される。
Further, the present invention comprises an electrophotographic apparatus comprising the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention, charging means, image exposure means, developing means and transfer means.

【0020】[0020]

【発明の実施の形態】本発明におけるオキシチタニウム
フタロシアニンのX線回折パタ−ンは、図1、図2及び
図3に示すようにブラッグ角2θ±0.2°が9.0
°、14.2°、23.9°及び27.1°の位置に強
いピ−クを示す。上記ピ−ク強度の強い上位4点を採っ
たものであり、主要なピ−クとなっている。図1、図2
及び図3のX線回折図において特徴的なことは、上記4
点のピ−クのうち、27.1°のピ−クが1番目に強
く、9.0°のピ−クが2番目にに強い。また、17.
9°の位置に上記4点より弱いピ−ク、更に弱いピ−ク
が13.3°の位置にある。また、10.5°〜13.
0°、14.8°〜17.4°及び18.2°〜23.
2°の範囲には実質的にピ−クが無い。
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The X-ray diffraction pattern of oxytitanium phthalocyanine according to the present invention has a Bragg angle 2θ ± 0.2 ° of 9.0 as shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3.
Strong peaks are shown at positions of °, 14.2 °, 23.9 ° and 27.1 °. The top four points with the highest peak intensity are taken and are the main peaks. 1 and 2
The characteristic of the X-ray diffraction diagram of FIG.
Of the point peaks, the peak at 27.1 ° is the strongest, and the peak at 9.0 ° is the second strongest. Also, 17.
A peak weaker than the above four points at 9 ° and a weaker peak at 13.3 °. Moreover, 10.5 degrees-13.
0 °, 14.8 ° to 17.4 ° and 18.2 ° to 23.
There is substantially no peak in the range of 2 °.

【0021】なお、本発明において、X線回折のピ−ク
形状は、製造時における条件の相違によって、また、測
定条件によって、僅かではあるが異なり、例えば各ピ−
クの先端部はスプリットする場合もあり得る。図1の場
合には、8.9°のピ−クの山は9.4°付近に、ま
た、14.2°のピ−クの山は14.1°付近に別のス
プリットしたピ−クが見られる。
In the present invention, the peak shape of the X-ray diffraction differs slightly depending on the difference in the conditions at the time of manufacture and the measurement conditions.
The tip of the hook may split. In the case of FIG. 1, the peak of 8.9 ° is located at about 9.4 °, and the peak of 14.2 ° is located at about 14.1 °. Can be seen.

【0022】オキシチタニウムフタロシアニンの構造は
下記式で表わされる。
The structure of oxytitanium phthalocyanine is represented by the following formula.

【化3】 式中、X1 、X23 及びX4 はClまたはBrを示
し、n、m、l及びkは0〜4の整数である。
Embedded image In the formula, X 1 , X 2 X 3 and X 4 represent Cl or Br, and n, m, l and k are integers from 0 to 4.

【0023】一般式(1)で示される化合物は、更に詳
しくは下記一般式において、
The compound represented by the general formula (1) is more specifically represented by the following general formula:

【化4】 式中、R1 、R2 、R3 及びR4 は置換基を有してもよ
いメチル、エチル、プロピル等のアルキル基、置換基を
有してもよいベンジル、フェネチル、ナフチルメチル等
のアラルキル基、置換基を有してもよいフェニル、ナフ
チル等の芳香環基、置換基を有してもよいピリジル、キ
ノリル、チエニル等の複素環基または水素原子を示す。
更にここでR1 、R2 、R3 及びR4 で示す基の有して
もよい置換基としては、メチル、エチル、プロピル等の
アルキル基、メトキシ、エトキシ、プロポキシ等のアル
コキシ基、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子等のハロゲ
ン原子、ジメチルアミノ、ジフェニルアミノ等の置換ア
ミノ基等を挙げることができる。
Embedded image In the formula, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl and propyl which may have a substituent, and aralkyl such as benzyl, phenethyl and naphthylmethyl which may have a substituent. A hydrogen atom, a heterocyclic group such as pyridyl, quinolyl, and thienyl which may have a substituent; a hydrogen atom;
Further, the substituents which the groups represented by R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may have include alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl and propyl, alkoxy groups such as methoxy, ethoxy and propoxy, fluorine atoms , A halogen atom such as a chlorine atom and a bromine atom, and a substituted amino group such as dimethylamino and diphenylamino.

【0024】なお、R3 とR4 は共同で環を形成しても
よく、例えば下記のような環が挙げられる。
R 3 and R 4 may form a ring together, for example, the following rings.

【化5】 上記環において、R7 及びR8 はメチル、エチル、プロ
ピル等のアルキル基、メトキシ、エトキシ、プロポキシ
等のアルコキシ基、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子等
のハロゲン原子または水素原子を示す。また、R9 及び
10はメチル、エチル、プロピル等のアルキル基または
水素原子を示す。
Embedded image In the above ring, R 7 and R 8 represent an alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl and propyl, an alkoxy group such as methoxy, ethoxy and propoxy, a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom and a bromine atom or a hydrogen atom. R 9 and R 10 represent an alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl and propyl or a hydrogen atom.

【0025】また、上記一般式(1)中、R5 及びR6
はメチル、エチル、プロピル等のアルキル基、メトキ
シ、エトキシ、プロポキシ等のアルコキシ基、フッ素原
子、塩素原子、臭素原子等のハロゲン原子または水素原
子を示す。
In the above general formula (1), R 5 and R 6
Represents an alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl and propyl; an alkoxy group such as methoxy, ethoxy and propoxy; a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom and a bromine atom or a hydrogen atom.

【0026】Ar1 は置換基を有してもよいフェニル、
ナフチル、アントラリル等の芳香環基または置換基を有
してもよいピリジル、キノリル、チエニル、フリル等の
複素環基を示す。更にここでAr1 で示す基の有しても
よい置換基としては、メチル、エチル、プロピル等のア
ルキル基、メトキシ、エトキシ、プロポキシ等のアルコ
キシ基またはフッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子等のハロ
ゲン原子等を挙げることができる。
Ar 1 is phenyl which may have a substituent,
It represents an aromatic ring group such as naphthyl and anthralyl or a heterocyclic group such as pyridyl, quinolyl, thienyl and furyl which may have a substituent. Examples of the substituent which the group represented by Ar 1 may have include an alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl and propyl; an alkoxy group such as methoxy, ethoxy and propoxy; and a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom and a bromine atom. Atoms and the like.

【0027】一般式(1)で示される化合物の代表例を
表1〜7に示す。
Tables 1 to 7 show typical examples of the compound represented by the general formula (1).

【表1】 [Table 1]

【表2】 [Table 2]

【表3】 [Table 3]

【表4】 [Table 4]

【表5】 [Table 5]

【表6】 [Table 6]

【表7】 [Table 7]

【0028】前記本発明において用いられる結晶形のオ
キシチタニウムフタロシアニンと一般式(1)で示され
る化合物の組み合わせが好ましい理由は定かではない
が、おそらくイオン化ポテンシャルの適合または電荷発
生物質であるオキシチタニウムフタロシアニンと電荷輸
送物質である一般式(1)で示す化合物の界面での立体
的重なりが良い等の理由で、電荷発生物質から電荷輸送
物質への電荷の注入が良好に行われるため感度が良好で
残留電位も小さく繰り返し使用時の電位安定性にも優れ
ていると思料される。
The reason why the combination of the crystalline form of oxytitanium phthalocyanine used in the present invention with the compound represented by the general formula (1) is not clear, but it is supposed that the combination of the ionization potential or the oxytitanium phthalocyanine which is a charge generating substance is probably not suitable. The charge injection from the charge generating substance to the charge transporting substance is performed favorably because of the good steric overlap at the interface between the compound represented by the general formula (1) and the charge transporting substance. It is considered that the residual potential is small and the potential stability during repeated use is excellent.

【0029】本発明に用いられるオキシチタニウムフタ
ロシアニンの製造方法の1例を説明する。
An example of a method for producing oxytitanium phthalocyanine used in the present invention will be described.

【0030】まず、例えば四塩化チタンとオルトフタロ
ジニトリルをα−クロロナフタレン中で反応させ、ジク
ロルチタニウムフタロシアニンを得る。これをα−クロ
ロナフタレン、トリクロロベンゼン、ジクロロベンゼ
ン、N−メチルピロリドン、N,N−ジメチルホルムア
ミド等の溶剤で洗浄し、次いで、メタノ−ル、エタノ−
ル等の溶剤で洗浄した後、熱水により加水分解してオキ
シチタニウムフタロシアニン結晶を得る。得られた結晶
は種々の多形の混合物であることが多く、この混合物を
処理しても本発明における結晶形のオキシチタニウムフ
タロシアニンを得ることは通常は難しい。そこで、アシ
ッドペ−シティング法により処理して非晶質のオキシチ
タニウムフタロシアニンに変換しておく。
First, for example, titanium tetrachloride and orthophthalodinitrile are reacted in α-chloronaphthalene to obtain dichlorotitanium phthalocyanine. This was washed with a solvent such as α-chloronaphthalene, trichlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, N-methylpyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylformamide, and then washed with methanol and ethanol.
After washing with a solvent such as toluene, it is hydrolyzed with hot water to obtain oxytitanium phthalocyanine crystals. The obtained crystals are often a mixture of various polymorphs, and it is usually difficult to obtain the crystalline form of oxytitanium phthalocyanine in the present invention by treating this mixture. Then, the oxytitanium phthalocyanine is converted into amorphous oxytitanium phthalocyanine by a treatment with an acid pesticide method.

【0031】得られた非晶質のオキシチタニウムフタロ
シアニンに室温、加熱あるいは煮沸下で30分以上、好
ましくは1時間以上のメタノ−ル処理を施した後、減圧
乾燥し、更にn−プロピルエ−テル、n−ブチルエ−テ
ル、iso−ブチルエ−テル、sec−ブチルエ−テ
ル、n−アミルエ−テル、n−ブチルメチルエ−テル、
n−ブチルエチルエ−テル、エチレングリコ−ル−n−
ブチルエ−テル等のエ−テル系溶剤またはテルピノレ
ン、ピネン等のモノテルペン系炭化水素溶剤や流動パラ
フィン等の溶剤を分散媒として用いて5時間以上、好ま
しくは10時間以上のミリング処理を行うことによっ
て、所望の結晶形のオキシチタニウムフタロシアニンが
得られる。
The obtained amorphous oxytitanium phthalocyanine is subjected to a methanol treatment at room temperature or under heating or boiling for at least 30 minutes, preferably at least 1 hour, followed by drying under reduced pressure and further n-propyl ether. N-butyl ether, iso-butyl ether, sec-butyl ether, n-amyl ether, n-butylmethyl ether,
n-butylethyl ether, ethylene glycol-n-
Milling treatment is performed for 5 hours or more, preferably 10 hours or more using an ether solvent such as butyl ether or a monoterpene hydrocarbon solvent such as terpinolene or pinene or a solvent such as liquid paraffin as a dispersion medium. The oxytitanium phthalocyanine in the desired crystalline form is obtained.

【0032】なお、上記メタノ−ル処理とは、例えばメ
タノ−ル中におけるオキシチタニウムフタロシアニンの
懸濁撹拌処理、ミリング処理とは、例えばガラスビ−
ズ、スチ−ルビ−ズ、アルミナボ−ル等の分散メディア
と共にサンドミル、ボ−ルミル等のミリング装置を用い
て行う処理をいう。
The above-mentioned methanol treatment means, for example, a suspension and stirring treatment of oxytitanium phthalocyanine in methanol, and the milling treatment means, for example, a glass bead.
And a milling device such as a sand mill and a ball mill together with a dispersing medium such as a bead, a steel bead, and an alumina ball.

【0033】次に、本発明のオキシチタニウムフタロシ
アニンと一般式(1)で示される化合物を用いた電子写
真感光体について説明する。
Next, an electrophotographic photosensitive member using the oxytitanium phthalocyanine of the present invention and the compound represented by the general formula (1) will be described.

【0034】電子写真感光体の代表的な層構成を図10
及び図11に示す。図10は感光層1が単一層からな
り、感光層1が電荷発生物質2と電荷輸送物質(不図
示)を同時に含有している。3は導電性支持体である。
図11は感光層1が電荷発生層4と電荷輸送層5の積層
構造を採っており、電荷発生層4が電荷発生物質2を含
有し、電荷輸送層5が電荷輸送物質(不図示)を含有し
ている。なお、図11の電荷発生層4と電荷輸送層5の
積層関係は逆であってもよい。
FIG. 10 shows a typical layer structure of the electrophotographic photosensitive member.
And FIG. FIG. 10 shows that the photosensitive layer 1 is composed of a single layer, and the photosensitive layer 1 simultaneously contains a charge generating substance 2 and a charge transporting substance (not shown). 3 is a conductive support.
FIG. 11 shows that the photosensitive layer 1 has a laminated structure of the charge generation layer 4 and the charge transport layer 5, and the charge generation layer 4 contains the charge generation material 2 and the charge transport layer 5 contains the charge transport material (not shown). Contains. Note that the stacking relationship between the charge generation layer 4 and the charge transport layer 5 in FIG. 11 may be reversed.

【0035】電子写真感光体を作成する場合、導電性支
持体3としては導電性を有するものであればよく、アル
ミニウム、ステンレス等の金属、あるいは導電層を設け
た金属、プラスチック、紙等が挙げられ、形状としては
円筒状またはフィルム状が挙げられる。
In the case of preparing an electrophotographic photosensitive member, the conductive support 3 may be any material having conductivity, such as a metal such as aluminum or stainless steel, or a metal provided with a conductive layer, plastic, or paper. The shape may be a cylindrical shape or a film shape.

【0036】導電性支持体3と感光層1の間にはバリヤ
−機能と接着機能を持つ下引き層を設けることができ
る。下引き層の材料としてはポリビニルアルコ−ル、ポ
リエチレンオキシド、エチルセルロ−ス、メチルセルロ
−ス、カゼイン、ポリアミド、にかわ、ゼラチン等が用
いられる。これらは適当な溶剤に溶解して導電性支持体
上に塗布される。膜厚は0.2〜3.0μmである。
An undercoat layer having a barrier function and an adhesive function can be provided between the conductive support 3 and the photosensitive layer 1. As a material for the undercoat layer, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, casein, polyamide, glue, gelatin and the like are used. These are dissolved in a suitable solvent and coated on a conductive support. The thickness is 0.2 to 3.0 μm.

【0037】図10に示すような単一層からなる感光層
を形成する場合、本発明におけるオキシチタニウムフタ
ロシアニン結晶の電荷発生物質と一般式(1)で示され
る化合物である電荷輸送物質を適当なバインダ−樹脂溶
液中に混合し、これを導電性支持体上に塗布、乾燥する
ことによって形成できる。
When a single-layer photosensitive layer as shown in FIG. 10 is formed, the charge-generating substance of the oxytitanium phthalocyanine crystal of the present invention and the charge-transporting substance of the compound represented by the general formula (1) are mixed with an appropriate binder. -It can be formed by mixing in a resin solution, applying this on a conductive support, and drying.

【0038】図11に示すような積層構造からなる感光
層の電荷発生層の形成方法としては本発明におけるオキ
シチタニウムフタロシアニン結晶である電荷発生物質を
適当なバインダ−樹脂溶液と共に分散し、これを塗布、
乾燥することによって形成される。なお、この場合、バ
インダ−樹脂は無くてもよい。
As a method for forming a charge generation layer of a photosensitive layer having a laminated structure as shown in FIG. 11, a charge generation material, which is an oxytitanium phthalocyanine crystal in the present invention, is dispersed together with a suitable binder-resin solution, and this is coated. ,
It is formed by drying. In this case, the binder resin may not be used.

【0039】バインダ−樹脂としては、例えばポリエス
テル、アクリル樹脂、ポリビニルカリバゾ−ル、フェノ
キシ樹脂、ポリカ−ボネ−ト、ポリビニルブチラ−ル、
ポリスチレン、ポリビニルアセテ−ト、ポリスルホン、
ポリアリレ−ト、塩化ビニリデン・アクリロニトリル共
重合体等の樹脂が主として用いられる。
Examples of the binder resin include polyester, acrylic resin, polyvinyl caribasol, phenoxy resin, polycarbonate, polyvinyl butyral,
Polystyrene, polyvinyl acetate, polysulfone,
Resins such as polyarylate and vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer are mainly used.

【0040】電荷輸送層は主として一般式(1)で示さ
れる化合物である電荷輸送物質とバインダ−樹脂とを溶
剤中に溶解させた塗料を塗布、乾燥して形成する。バイ
ンダ−樹脂としては上述した樹脂を用いることができ
る。
The charge transport layer is formed by applying and drying a coating material in which a charge transport material, which is a compound represented by the general formula (1), and a binder resin are dissolved in a solvent. The above-mentioned resin can be used as the binder resin.

【0041】感光層の形成における塗布方法としては、
ディッピング法、スプレ−コ−ティング法、スピンナ−
コ−ティング法、スピンナ−コ−ティング法、ビ−ドコ
−ティング法、ブレ−ドコ−ティング法、ビ−ムコ−テ
ィング法等を用いることができる。
As a coating method in forming the photosensitive layer,
Dipping method, spray coating method, spinner
Coating, spinner coating, bead coating, blade coating, beam coating, and the like can be used.

【0042】感光層が単一層の場合、膜厚は5〜40μ
m、好ましくは10〜30μmが適当である。また、感
光層が積層構造の場合、電荷発生層の膜厚は0.01〜
10μm、好ましくは0.05〜5μmの範囲であり、
電荷輸送層の膜厚は5〜40μm、好ましくは10〜3
0μmの範囲である。
When the photosensitive layer is a single layer, the thickness is 5 to 40 μm.
m, preferably 10 to 30 μm. When the photosensitive layer has a laminated structure, the thickness of the charge generation layer is 0.01 to
10 μm, preferably in the range of 0.05 to 5 μm,
The thickness of the charge transport layer is 5 to 40 μm, preferably 10 to 3 μm.
The range is 0 μm.

【0043】更に、感光層を外部の衝撃から保護するた
めに感光層の表面に薄い樹脂層や導電性粒子を分散した
樹脂層を保護層として設けることができる。
Further, in order to protect the photosensitive layer from external impact, a thin resin layer or a resin layer in which conductive particles are dispersed can be provided as a protective layer on the surface of the photosensitive layer.

【0044】本発明におけるオキシチタニウムフタロシ
アニン結晶を電荷発生物質として用いる場合、その目的
に応じて他の電荷発生物質と混合して用いてもよい。ま
た、一般式(1)で示される化合物を電荷輸送物質とし
て用いる場合、その目的に応じて他の電荷輸送物質と混
合して用いてもよい。
When the oxytitanium phthalocyanine crystal of the present invention is used as a charge generating substance, it may be used in combination with another charge generating substance depending on the purpose. When the compound represented by the general formula (1) is used as a charge transporting substance, it may be used by mixing with another charge transporting substance depending on the purpose.

【0045】本発明の電子写真感光体はレ−ザ−ビ−ム
プリンタ−、LEDプリンタ−、CRTプリンタ−等の
プリンタ−のみならず、通常の電子写真複写機やその他
の電子写真応用分野に広く適用することができる。
The electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention is applicable not only to printers such as laser beam printers, LED printers and CRT printers, but also to ordinary electrophotographic copying machines and other electrophotographic applications. Can be widely applied.

【0046】また、本発明は前記本発明の電子写真感光
体、及び帯電手段、現像手段及びクリ−ニング手段から
なる群より選ばれる少なくとも一つの手段を一体に支持
し、電子写真装置本体に着脱自在であることを特徴とす
るプロセスカ−トリッジから構成される。
According to the present invention, the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention, and at least one means selected from the group consisting of a charging means, a developing means and a cleaning means are integrally supported and attached to and detached from an electrophotographic apparatus main body. It is composed of a process cartridge characterized by being flexible.

【0047】また、本発明は、前記本発明の電子写真感
光体、帯電手段、像露光手段、現像手段及び転写手段を
有することを特徴とする電子写真装置から構成される。
Further, the present invention comprises an electrophotographic apparatus comprising the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention, a charging unit, an image exposing unit, a developing unit and a transferring unit.

【0048】図12に本発明の電子写真感光体を有する
プロセスカ−トリッジを有する電子写真装置の概略構成
を示す。図において、6はドラム状の本発明の電子写真
感光体であり、軸7を中心に矢印方向に所定の周速度で
回転駆動される。感光体6は回転過程において、一次帯
電手段8によりその周面に正または負の所定電位の均一
帯電を受け、次いで、スリット露光やレ−ザ−ビ−ム走
査露光等の像露光手段(不図示)からの画像露光光9を
受ける。こうして感光体6の周面に静電潜像が順次形成
されていく。
FIG. 12 shows a schematic configuration of an electrophotographic apparatus having a process cartridge having the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention. In the drawing, reference numeral 6 denotes a drum-shaped electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention, which is driven to rotate around an axis 7 in a direction indicated by an arrow at a predetermined peripheral speed. In the course of rotation, the photoreceptor 6 is uniformly charged on its peripheral surface with a predetermined positive or negative potential by the primary charging means 8, and then the image exposure means (such as slit exposure or laser beam scanning exposure) is used. (Shown). Thus, an electrostatic latent image is sequentially formed on the peripheral surface of the photoconductor 6.

【0049】形成された静電潜像は、次いで現像手段1
0によりトナ−現像され、現像されたトナ−現像像は、
不図示の給紙部から感光体6と転写手段11との間に感
光体6の回転と同期取りされて給送された転写材12
に、転写手段11により順次転写されていく。像転写を
受けた転写材12は感光体面から分離されて像定着手段
13へ導入されて像定着を受けることにより複写物(コ
ピ−)として装置外へプリントアウトされる。像転写後
の感光体6の表面は、クリ−ニング手段14によって転
写残りトナ−の除去を受けて清浄面化され、更に前露光
手段(不図示)からの前露光光15により除電処理がさ
れた後、繰り返し画像形成に使用される。なお、一次帯
電手段8が帯電ロ−ラ−等を用いた接触帯電手段である
場合は、前露光は必ずしも必要ではない。
The formed electrostatic latent image is then transferred to developing means 1
0, and the developed toner image is
The transfer material 12 fed from a paper supply unit (not shown) between the photoconductor 6 and the transfer unit 11 in synchronization with the rotation of the photoconductor 6
Are sequentially transferred by the transfer means 11. The transfer material 12 having undergone the image transfer is separated from the photoreceptor surface, introduced into the image fixing means 13 and subjected to image fixing, thereby being printed out of the apparatus as a copy (copy). The surface of the photoreceptor 6 after the image transfer is cleaned and cleaned by removing the untransferred toner by the cleaning means 14, and is further subjected to a charge removal treatment by the pre-exposure light 15 from the pre-exposure means (not shown). After that, it is repeatedly used for image formation. When the primary charging means 8 is a contact charging means using a charging roller or the like, pre-exposure is not always necessary.

【0050】本発明においては、上述の感光体6、一次
帯電手段8、現像手段10及びクリ−ニング手段14等
の構成要素のうち、複数のものをプロセスカ−トリッジ
として一体に結合して構成し、このプロセスカ−トリッ
ジを複写機やレ−ザ−ビ−ムプリンタ−等の電子写真装
置本体に対して着脱可能に構成してもよい。例えば一次
帯電手段8、現像手段10及びクリ−ニング手段14の
少なくとも1つを感光体6と共に一体に支持してカ−ト
リッジ化し、装置本体のレ−ル17等の案内手段を用い
て装置本体に着脱可能なプロセスカ−トリッジ16とす
ることができる。また、画像露光光9は、電子写真装置
が複写機やプリンタ−である場合には、原稿からの反射
光や透過光を用いる、あるいは、センサ−で原稿を読み
取り、信号化し、この信号に従って行われるレ−ザ−ビ
−ムの走査、LEDアレイの駆動及び液晶シャッタ−ア
レイの駆動等により照射される光である。
In the present invention, a plurality of components such as the photoreceptor 6, the primary charging means 8, the developing means 10 and the cleaning means 14 are integrally connected as a process cartridge. Alternatively, the process cartridge may be configured to be detachable from a main body of an electrophotographic apparatus such as a copying machine or a laser beam printer. For example, at least one of the primary charging means 8, the developing means 10 and the cleaning means 14 is integrally supported together with the photoreceptor 6 to form a cartridge, and the apparatus main body is guided by a guide means such as the rail 17 of the apparatus main body. The process cartridge 16 can be detachably mounted on the cartridge. When the electrophotographic apparatus is a copier or a printer, the image exposure light 9 uses reflected light or transmitted light from the original, or reads the original with a sensor and converts it into a signal. This is light emitted by scanning of the laser beam, driving of the LED array, driving of the liquid crystal shutter array, and the like.

【0051】次に、本発明におけるオキシチタニウムフ
タロシアニン結晶の製造例を示す。 製造例1 α−クロロナフタレン100g中、o−フタロジニトリ
ル5.0g、四塩化チタン2.0gを200℃にて3時
間加熱撹拌した後、50℃まで冷却して析出した結晶を
濾別、ジクロロチタニウムフタロシアニンのペ−ストを
得た。次に、これを100℃に加熱したN,N−ジメチ
ルホルムアミド100mlで撹拌下洗浄、次いで60℃
のメタノ−ル100mlで2回洗浄を繰り返し、濾別し
た。更に、この得られたペ−ストを脱イオン水100m
l中、80℃で1時間撹拌、濾別して青色のオキシチタ
ニウムフタロシアニン結晶を得た。収量4.3g。
Next, a production example of the oxytitanium phthalocyanine crystal according to the present invention will be described. Production Example 1 In 100 g of α-chloronaphthalene, 5.0 g of o-phthalodinitrile and 2.0 g of titanium tetrachloride were heated and stirred at 200 ° C. for 3 hours, cooled to 50 ° C., and the precipitated crystals were separated by filtration. A paste of dichlorotitanium phthalocyanine was obtained. Next, this was washed with 100 ml of N, N-dimethylformamide heated to 100 ° C. while stirring, and then washed at 60 ° C.
The washing was repeated twice with 100 ml of methanol, and filtered. Further, the obtained paste is washed with 100 m of deionized water.
The mixture was stirred at 80 ° C. for 1 hour and filtered to obtain a blue oxytitanium phthalocyanine crystal. Yield 4.3 g.

【0052】 元素分析値(C32168 TiO) C H N Cl 計算値(%) 66.68 2.80 19.44 0.00 実測値(%) 66.50 2.99 19.42 0.47 Elemental analysis value (C 32 H 16 N 8 TiO) CH N Cl Calculated value (%) 66.68 2.80 19.44 0.00 Actual value (%) 66.50 2.99 19.42 0.47

【0053】次に、この結晶を濃硫酸30mlに溶解さ
せ、20℃の脱イオン水300ml中に撹拌下で滴下し
て再析出させて濾過し、十分に水洗した後、非晶質のオ
キシチタニウムフタロシアニンを得た。得られた非晶質
のオキシチタニウムフタロシアニン4.0gをメタノ−
ル100ml中室温(22℃)下、8時間懸濁撹拌処理
し、濾別、減圧乾燥して低結晶性のオキシチタニウムフ
タロシアニンを得た。次に、このオキシチタニウムフタ
ロシアニン2gにn−ブチルエ−テル40mlを加え、
1mmφのガラスビ−ズと共にミリング処理を室温(2
2℃)下20時間行った。
Next, the crystals were dissolved in 30 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid, re-precipitated by dropping in 300 ml of deionized water at 20 ° C. with stirring, filtered, washed sufficiently with water, and then mixed with amorphous oxytitanium. Phthalocyanine was obtained. 4.0 g of the obtained amorphous oxytitanium phthalocyanine was
The suspension was stirred for 8 hours at room temperature (22 ° C.) in 100 ml of water, filtered, and dried under reduced pressure to obtain oxytitanium phthalocyanine having low crystallinity. Next, 40 ml of n-butyl ether was added to 2 g of this oxytitanium phthalocyanine,
Milling treatment was performed at room temperature (2 mm) with a 1 mmφ glass bead.
2 ° C.) for 20 hours.

【0054】この分散液より固形分を採り出し、メタノ
−ル、次いで水で十分に洗浄、乾燥して本発明における
オキシチタニウムフタロシアニンの結晶を得た。収量
1.8g。X線回折図を図1に示す。また、KBrペレ
ットを作成し、この結晶の赤外吸収スペクトルを測定し
た結果を図7に示す。また、この結晶をn−ブチルエ−
テル中に分散した分散液で測定したUV吸収スペクトル
の結果を図8に示す。
A solid content was collected from the dispersion, washed thoroughly with methanol and then with water, and dried to obtain an oxytitanium phthalocyanine crystal of the present invention. Yield 1.8 g. The X-ray diffraction pattern is shown in FIG. FIG. 7 shows the results of preparing KBr pellets and measuring the infrared absorption spectrum of the crystals. Further, this crystal was treated with n-butyl ether.
FIG. 8 shows the result of the UV absorption spectrum measured for the dispersion liquid dispersed in the tellurium.

【0055】製造例2 製造例1と同様の方法で得られたメタノ−ル処理下オキ
シチタニウムフタロシアニン2.0gにピネン50ml
を加え、1mmφガラスビ−ズと共にミリング処理を室
温(22℃)下、20時間行った。この分散液より固形
分を採り出し、メタノ−ル、次いで水で十分に洗浄、乾
燥して本発明におけるオキシチタニウムフタロシアニン
の結晶を得た。収量1.8g。X線回折図を図2に示
す。
Preparation Example 2 50 g of pinene was added to 2.0 g of oxytitanium phthalocyanine under the treatment of methanol obtained in the same manner as in Preparation Example 1.
And milling treatment was performed at room temperature (22 ° C.) for 20 hours together with a 1 mmφ glass bead. Solids were collected from the dispersion, washed thoroughly with methanol and then with water, and dried to obtain the oxytitanium phthalocyanine crystals of the present invention. Yield 1.8 g. The X-ray diffraction diagram is shown in FIG.

【0056】製造例3 製造例1と同様の方法で得られた非晶質のオキシチタニ
ウムフタロシアニン4.0gをメタノ−ル100mlを
加え、懸濁撹拌下、30時間煮沸処理した後、濾過、減
圧乾燥し、オキシチタニウムフタロシアニン結晶を得
た。収量3.6g。次に、このオキシチタニウムフタロ
シアニン2gにエチレングリコ−ル−n−ブチルエ−テ
ル60mlを加え、1mmφのガラスビ−ズと共にミリ
ング処理を室温(22℃)下15時間行った。この分散
液より固形分を採り出し、メタノ−ル、次いで水で十分
に洗浄、乾燥して本発明におけるオキシチタニウムフタ
ロシアニンの結晶を得た。収量1.8g。X線回折図を
図3に示す。
Production Example 3 4.0 g of amorphous oxytitanium phthalocyanine obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 1 was added to 100 ml of methanol, and the mixture was subjected to a boiling treatment for 30 hours under suspension and stirring, followed by filtration and reduced pressure. After drying, oxytitanium phthalocyanine crystals were obtained. Yield 3.6 g. Next, 60 ml of ethylene glycol-n-butyl ether was added to 2 g of the oxytitanium phthalocyanine, and a milling treatment was performed at room temperature (22 ° C.) for 15 hours together with a 1 mmφ glass bead. Solids were collected from the dispersion, washed thoroughly with methanol and then with water, and dried to obtain the oxytitanium phthalocyanine crystals of the present invention. Yield 1.8 g. The X-ray diffraction diagram is shown in FIG.

【0057】比較製造例1 特開昭61−23248号公報(USP4,728,5
92)に開示されている製造例に従って、α型といわれ
る結晶形のオキシチタニウムフタロシアニンを得た。こ
のX線回折図を図4に示す。
Comparative Production Example 1 JP-A-61-2248 (US Pat. No. 4,728,5)
According to the production example disclosed in 92), a crystalline form of oxytitanium phthalocyanine referred to as α-form was obtained. The X-ray diffraction diagram is shown in FIG.

【0058】比較製造例2 特開昭62−67094号公報(USP4,664,9
97)に開示されている製造例に従って、A型といわれ
る結晶形のオキシチタニウムフタロシアニンを得た。こ
のX線回折図を図5に示す。
Comparative Production Example 2 JP-A-62-67094 (US Pat. No. 4,664,9)
According to the production example disclosed in 97), a crystalline form of oxytitanium phthalocyanine referred to as Form A was obtained. The X-ray diffraction diagram is shown in FIG.

【0059】比較製造例3 特開昭64−17066号公報に開示されている製造例
に従って、特開昭64−17066号公報記載と同じ結
晶形を有するオキシチタニウムフタロシアニンを得た。
このX線回折図を図6に示す。
Comparative Production Example 3 Oxytitanium phthalocyanine having the same crystal form as described in JP-A 64-17066 was obtained according to the production example disclosed in JP-A 64-17066.
The X-ray diffraction diagram is shown in FIG.

【0060】なお、X線回折図の測定はCuKα線を用
いて次の条件により行った。 使用測定機:理学電器(株)製X線回折装置 RAD
−Aシステム X線管球:Cu 管電圧:50kV 管電流:40mA スキャン方法:2θ/θスキャン スキャン速度:2deg./min. サンプリング間隔:0.020deg. スタ−ト角度(2θ):3deg. ストップ角度(2θ):40deg. ダイバ−ジェンススリット:0.5deg. スキャツタリングスリット:0.5deg. レシ−ビングスリット:0.3deg. 湾曲モノクロメ−タ−使用
The measurement of the X-ray diffraction pattern was performed using CuKα radiation under the following conditions. Measuring machine used: Rigaku Denki Co., Ltd. X-ray diffractometer RAD
-A system X-ray tube: Cu Tube voltage: 50 kV Tube current: 40 mA Scan method: 2θ / θ scan Scan speed: 2 deg. / Min. Sampling interval: 0.020 deg. Start angle (2θ): 3 deg. Stop angle (2θ): 40 deg. Divergence slit: 0.5 deg. Scattering slit: 0.5 deg. Receiving slit: 0.3 deg. Use of curved monochrome meter

【0061】[0061]

【実施例】実施例1 アルミ板上に0.8μmの塩化ビニ−ル−無水マレイン
酸−酢酸ビニル共重合体の樹脂よりなる下引き層を形成
した。
EXAMPLE 1 An undercoat layer of 0.8 μm vinyl chloride-maleic anhydride-vinyl acetate copolymer resin was formed on an aluminum plate.

【0062】次に、前記製造例1で得られた結晶形のオ
キシチタニウムフタロシアニン4部(重量部、以下同
様)とポリビニルブチラ−ル2部をシクロヘキサノン9
0部に添加しサンドミルで20時間分散し、これに10
0部のメチルエチルケトンを加えて希釈し、得られた塗
布液を下引き層上に塗布し、乾燥後の膜厚が0.2μm
の電荷発生層を形成した。
Next, 4 parts (parts by weight, hereinafter the same) of the crystalline oxytitanium phthalocyanine obtained in Production Example 1 and 2 parts of polyvinyl butyral were mixed with cyclohexanone 9
0 parts and dispersed with a sand mill for 20 hours.
The mixture was diluted by adding 0 parts of methyl ethyl ketone, and the obtained coating solution was applied on the undercoat layer.
Was formed.

【0063】次いで、前記例示化合物例10の化合物を
4部とビスフェノ−ルZ型ポリカ−ボネ−ト(粘度平均
分子量50,000)5部をクロロベンゼン35部に溶
解し、得られた塗布液を電荷発生層上に乾燥後の膜厚が
22μmとなるようにマイヤ−バ−で塗布して電荷輸送
層を形成し、電子写真感光体を作成した。電子写真感光
体1と称する。
Next, 4 parts of the compound of Exemplified Compound Example 10 and 5 parts of bisphenol Z-type polycarbonate (viscosity average molecular weight: 50,000) were dissolved in 35 parts of chlorobenzene, and the obtained coating solution was dissolved. An electrophotographic photoreceptor was prepared by applying a Myer bar on the charge generation layer so that the film thickness after drying was 22 μm to form a charge transport layer. This is referred to as an electrophotographic photosensitive member 1.

【0064】比較例1 前記比較製造例1で得られたα型のオキシチタニウムフ
タロシアニンを用いた他は、実施例1と同様にして電子
写真感光体を作成した。比較電子写真感光体1と称す
る。
Comparative Example 1 An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the α-type oxytitanium phthalocyanine obtained in Comparative Production Example 1 was used. This is referred to as a comparative electrophotographic photosensitive member 1.

【0065】比較例2 前記比較製造例2で得られたA型のオキシチタニウムフ
タロシアニンを用いた他は、実施例1と同様にして電子
写真感光体を作成した。比較電子写真感光体2と称す
る。
Comparative Example 2 An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the A-type oxytitanium phthalocyanine obtained in Comparative Production Example 2 was used. This is referred to as a comparative electrophotographic photosensitive member 2.

【0066】比較例3 前記比較製造例3で得られた特開昭64−17066号
公報記載と同じ結晶形のオキシチタニウムフタロシアニ
ンを用いた他は、実施例1と同様にして電子写真感光体
を作成した。比較電子写真感光体3と称する。
Comparative Example 3 An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that oxytitanium phthalocyanine having the same crystal form as described in JP-A-64-17066 obtained in Comparative Production Example 3 was used. Created. This is referred to as a comparative electrophotographic photosensitive member 3.

【0067】電子写真感光体1及び比較電子写真感光体
1、2、3をレ−ザ−ビ−ムプリンタ−(商品名LBP
−SX、キヤノン(株)製)の改造機のシリンダ−に貼
り付けて暗部電位が−700Vになるように帯電設定
し、これに波長802nmのレ−ザ−光を照射して−7
00Vの電位を−100Vまで下げるのに必要な光量を
測定し感度とした。更に20μJ/cm2 の光量を照射
した場合の電位を残留電位Vrとして測定した。結果を
表8に示す。
The electrophotographic photoreceptor 1 and the comparative electrophotographic photoreceptors 1, 2, and 3 were mounted on a laser beam printer (trade name: LBP).
-SX, manufactured by Canon Inc.), and set to charge so that the dark portion potential becomes -700 V, and irradiate the light with laser light having a wavelength of 802 nm to -7.
The amount of light required to lower the potential of 00V to -100V was measured and defined as sensitivity. Further, the potential when the light amount of 20 μJ / cm 2 was irradiated was measured as the residual potential Vr. Table 8 shows the results.

【表8】 [Table 8]

【0068】また、製造例1及び製造例3で得られた結
晶形のオキシチタニウムフタロシアニンをそれぞれ用い
た他は、実施例1と同様にして電子写真感光体を作成
し、感度測定を行ったところ、電子写真感光体1と同様
に高感度特性が得られた。
An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the crystalline oxytitanium phthalocyanine obtained in Production Examples 1 and 3 was used, and the sensitivity was measured. As in the case of the electrophotographic photosensitive member 1, high sensitivity characteristics were obtained.

【0069】次に、電子写真感光体1及び比較電子写真
感光体1、2、3のそれぞれの感光体を湿度10%、気
温5℃、湿度50%、気温18℃、湿度80%、気温3
5℃の三環境においてそれぞれ暗部電位−700V、明
部電位−100Vに設定した状態で連続3,000枚の
通紙耐久試験を行って、耐久後の暗部、明部の電位の測
定及び画像の評価を行った。
Next, the respective photoconductors of the electrophotographic photoconductor 1 and the comparative electrophotographic photoconductors 1, 2, and 3 were subjected to a humidity of 10%, a temperature of 5 ° C., a humidity of 50%, a temperature of 18 ° C., a humidity of 80%, and a temperature of 3%.
In the three environments of 5 ° C., a continuous paper running durability test of 3,000 sheets was performed with the dark part potential set to −700 V and the light part potential set to −100 V. An evaluation was performed.

【0070】電子写真感光体1については、いずれの環
境でも耐久後においては初期と同等の良好な画像が得ら
れたが、比較感光体1,2,3においてはいずれの三環
境においても白地部分に地カブリを起こしており、特に
湿度80%、気温35℃においては著しく、比較感光体
3では特にひどかった。
In the electrophotographic photosensitive member 1, a good image equivalent to the initial image was obtained after endurance in any of the environments. However, in the comparative photosensitive members 1, 2, and 3, a white background portion was obtained in any of the three environments. The fogging was particularly noticeable at a humidity of 80% and an air temperature of 35 ° C., and the comparative photoreceptor 3 was particularly severe.

【0071】また、比較感光体1、2、3については地
カブリを除くために濃度調節レバ−により調節したとこ
ろ、黒地部分の濃度が不十分となった。
When the comparative photoreceptors 1, 2, and 3 were adjusted by a density adjusting lever to remove background fog, the density of the black background became insufficient.

【0072】なお、図9に電子写真感光体1において分
光感度の最大値を100とした場合の分光感度の分布を
示す。
FIG. 9 shows the distribution of the spectral sensitivity when the maximum value of the spectral sensitivity in the electrophotographic photosensitive member 1 is 100.

【0073】このように、本発明の電子写真感光体は7
70〜810nm付近の長波長領域において安定した高
感度特性を発現するものである。
As described above, the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention has
It exhibits stable high sensitivity characteristics in a long wavelength region around 70 to 810 nm.

【0074】実施例2〜10 製造例1で製造したオキシチタニウムフタロシアニンと
例示化合物例2、4、9、13、15、23、20、3
4及び38の化合物をそれぞれ組み合わせた他は、実施
例1と同様にして電子写真感光体2〜10を作成した。
Examples 2 to 10 Oxytitanium phthalocyanine produced in Production Example 1 and Exemplified Compound Examples 2, 4, 9, 13, 15, 23, 20, 3
Electrophotographic photoreceptors 2 to 10 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that compounds 4 and 38 were combined respectively.

【0075】電子写真感光体2〜10のそれぞれを実施
例1と同様にレ−ザ−ビ−ムプリンタ−(前出)の改造
機のシリンダ−に貼り付けて暗部電位が−700Vにな
るように帯電設定し、これに波長802nmのレ−ザ−
光を照射して−700Vの電位を−100Vまで下げる
のに必要な光量EΔ600 を測定した。更に20μJ/c
2 の光量を照射した場合の電位を残留電位Vrとして
測定した。
Each of the electrophotographic photosensitive members 2 to 10 is adhered to the cylinder of the laser beam printer (described above) in the same manner as in the first embodiment so that the dark portion potential becomes -700 V. And a laser having a wavelength of 802 nm.
It was measured quantity Ideruta 600 required to lower the potential of -700V by irradiating light as -100V. Further 20μJ / c
The potential when the light amount of m 2 was irradiated was measured as the residual potential Vr.

【0076】また、電子写真感光体2〜10を暗部電位
−700V、明部電位−200Vとなるように設定し直
した後、連続3,000枚の通紙耐久を行って、初期と
3,000枚耐久後の暗部電位と明部電位の変動量ΔV
D 及びΔVL を測定した。結果を表9に示す。
After resetting the electrophotographic photosensitive members 2 to 10 so that the potential of the dark portion becomes -700 V and the potential of the bright portion -200 V, the continuous running of 3,000 sheets was performed. Fluctuation amount ΔV of dark area potential and bright area potential after 2,000 sheets of durability
It was measured D and [Delta] V L. Table 9 shows the results.

【表9】 [Table 9]

【0077】比較例4〜21 比較製造例1〜3で製造したオキシチタニウムフタロシ
アニンと例示化合物例4、9、15、20、34及び3
8の化合物をそれぞれ組み合わせた他は、実施例2と同
様にして比較電子写真感光体4〜21を作成し、同様に
評価した。結果を表10に示す。
Comparative Examples 4 to 21 The oxytitanium phthalocyanines produced in Comparative Production Examples 1 to 3 and Exemplified Compound Examples 4, 9, 15, 20, 34 and 3
Comparative electrophotographic photoreceptors 4 to 21 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 2 except that each of the compounds No. 8 was combined, and evaluated in the same manner. Table 10 shows the results.

【表10】 [Table 10]

【0078】比較例22〜27 実施例2で用いた例示化合物例の化合物に代えて、下記
構造式を有する化合物H−1、H−2、H−3、H−
4、H−5、H−6
Comparative Examples 22 to 27 Compounds H-1, H-2, H-3 and H- having the following structural formulas were used in place of the compounds of the exemplified compounds used in Example 2.
4, H-5, H-6

【化6】 を電荷輸送物質として用いた他は、実施例2と同様にし
て比較電子写真感光体22〜27を作成し、同様に評価
した。結果を表11に示す。
Embedded image Comparative electrophotographic photoreceptors 22 to 27 were prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 2 except that was used as a charge transport material. Table 11 shows the results.

【表11】 [Table 11]

【0079】表11〜13の結果から明らかなように、
本発明の電子写真感光体は感度、残留電位及び繰り返し
特性において極めて優れていることが知られる。
As is clear from the results of Tables 11 to 13,
It is known that the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention is extremely excellent in sensitivity, residual potential and repetition characteristics.

【0080】実施例11 厚さ50μmのアルミニウムシ−ト支持体上に実施例1
と同様の下引き層をバ−コ−ティング法により形成し、
更に、この上に実施例1と同様の電荷輸送層を20μm
厚に形成した。
Example 11 Example 1 on a 50 μm thick aluminum sheet support
An undercoat layer similar to that described above is formed by a bar coating method,
Further, a charge transport layer similar to that of Example 1 was further formed thereon to a thickness of 20 μm.
It was formed thick.

【0081】次に、ビスフェノ−ルZ型ポリカ−ボネ−
ト5部をシクロヘキサノン68部に溶解し、この溶液に
製造例1で得られたX線回折パタ−ンを示すオキシチタ
ニウムフタロシアニン3部を混合し、サンドミルにて1
時間分散を行った後、ビスフェノ−ルZ型ポリカ−ボネ
−ト5部と実施例1で使用した電荷輸送物質10部を溶
解し、更にテトラヒドロフラン40部、ジクロルメタン
40部を加えて希釈して分散塗料を得た。この塗料をス
プレ−コ−ティング法にて電荷輸送層上に塗布、乾燥し
て5μm厚の電荷発生層を形成し、電子写真感光体を作
成した。電子写真感光体11と称する。
Next, bisphenol Z-type polycarbonate
Was dissolved in 68 parts of cyclohexanone, and 3 parts of oxytitanium phthalocyanine exhibiting the X-ray diffraction pattern obtained in Production Example 1 was mixed with the solution, and mixed with a sand mill.
After time dispersion, 5 parts of bisphenol Z-type polycarbonate and 10 parts of the charge transporting material used in Example 1 were dissolved, and further diluted with 40 parts of tetrahydrofuran and 40 parts of dichloromethane to disperse. Paint was obtained. This paint was applied on the charge transport layer by a spray coating method and dried to form a charge generating layer having a thickness of 5 μm, thereby producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member. This is referred to as an electrophotographic photosensitive member 11.

【0082】比較例28 電荷発生物質として比較製造例1で得られたα型オキシ
チタニウムフタロシアニンを用いた他は、実施例11と
同様にして電子写真感光体を作成した。比較電子写真感
光体28と称する。
Comparative Example 28 An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 11, except that the α-oxytitanium phthalocyanine obtained in Comparative Production Example 1 was used as the charge generating substance. This is referred to as a comparative electrophotographic photosensitive member 28.

【0083】比較例29 電荷発生物質として比較製造例2で得られたA型オキシ
チタニウムフタロシアニンを用いた他は、実施例11と
同様にして電子写真感光体を作成した。比較電子写真感
光体29と称する。
Comparative Example 29 An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 11, except that the A-type oxytitanium phthalocyanine obtained in Comparative Production Example 2 was used as the charge generating substance. This is referred to as a comparative electrophotographic photosensitive member 29.

【0084】比較例30 電荷発生物質として比較製造例3で得られた特開昭64
−17066号公報の記載と同じ結晶形のオキシチタニ
ウムフタロシアニンを用いた他は、実施例11と同様に
して電子写真感光体を作成した。比較電子写真感光体3
0と称する。
Comparative Example 30 The charge-generating substance obtained in Comparative Production Example 3 was disclosed in
An electrophotographic photoreceptor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 11, except that oxytitanium phthalocyanine having the same crystal form as described in JP-A-17066 was used. Comparative electrophotographic photoreceptor 3
Called 0.

【0085】電子写真感光体11及び比較電子写真感光
体28、29、30の電子写真感光体を静電試験装置
(商品名EPA−8100、川口電機(株)製)を用い
て評価した。
The electrophotographic photosensitive members of the electrophotographic photosensitive member 11 and the comparative electrophotographic photosensitive members 28, 29, and 30 were evaluated using an electrostatic tester (trade name: EPA-8100, manufactured by Kawaguchi Electric Co., Ltd.).

【0086】評価は、初めに正のコロナ帯電により表面
電位が700Vとなるように設定し、次にモノクロメ−
タ−により分離した802nmの単色光により露光して
表面電位が200Vまで下がるときの光量を測定し、感
度とした。結果を表12に示す。
In the evaluation, first, the surface potential was set to 700 V by positive corona charging, and then the monochrome
The light intensity when the surface potential was lowered to 200 V after exposure with monochromatic light of 802 nm separated by a tar was measured and defined as sensitivity. Table 12 shows the results.

【表12】 [Table 12]

【0087】実施例12 アルミニウム支持体上に、N−メトキシメチル化6ナイ
ロン樹脂(重量平均分子量45,000)5部とアルコ
−ル可溶性共重合ナイロン樹脂(重量平均分子量50,
000)10部をメタノ−ル95部に溶解した液をマイ
ヤ−バ−で塗布し乾燥後の膜厚が1μmの下引き層を形
成した。
Example 12 5 parts of an N-methoxymethylated nylon 6 resin (weight average molecular weight 45,000) and an alcohol-soluble copolymerized nylon resin (weight average molecular weight 50,5
000) was dissolved in 95 parts of methanol to form a subbing layer having a thickness of 1 μm after drying.

【0088】次に、製造例1で得られたX線回折パタ−
ンを示すオキシチタニウムフタロシアニン9.5部、ポ
リビニルブチラ−ル(ブチラ−ル化率65%、重量平均
分子量45,000)6部とシクロヘキサノン200部
をボ−ルミル分散機で48時間分散を行った。この分散
液を下引き層上にブレ−ドコ−ティング法で塗布し、乾
燥後の膜厚が0.2μmの電荷発生層を形成した。
Next, the X-ray diffraction pattern obtained in Production Example 1 was used.
9.5 parts of oxytitanium phthalocyanine, 6 parts of polyvinyl butyral (butyralization ratio 65%, weight average molecular weight 45,000) and 200 parts of cyclohexanone were dispersed by a ball mill disperser for 48 hours. Was. This dispersion was applied on the undercoat layer by a blade coating method to form a charge generation layer having a thickness of 0.2 μm after drying.

【0089】次に、例示化合物例13の化合物8部とビ
スフェノ−ルZ型ポリカ−ボネ−ト(重量平均分子量4
5,000)10部をモノクロルベンゼン70部に溶解
し、得られた溶液を電荷発生層上にブレ−ドコ−ティン
グ法により塗布し、乾燥後の膜厚が20μmの電荷輸送
層を形成して、電子写真感光体を作成した。電子写真感
光体12と称する。
Next, 8 parts of the compound of Exemplified Compound Example 13 and bisphenol Z-type polycarbonate (weight average molecular weight of 4
(5,000) was dissolved in 70 parts of monochlorobenzene, and the resulting solution was applied on the charge generation layer by a blade coating method to form a charge transport layer having a thickness of 20 μm after drying. And an electrophotographic photoreceptor was prepared. This is referred to as an electrophotographic photosensitive member 12.

【0090】電子写真感光体12に−5KVのコロナ放
電を行った。この時の表面電位(初期電位V0 )を測定
した。更に、この感光体を1秒間暗所で放置した後の表
面電位を測定した。感度は暗減衰した後の電位V1 を1
/6に減衰するのに必要な露光量(E1/6 :μJ/cm
2 )を測定することによって評価した。この際、光源と
してインジウム/ガリウム/アルミニウム/リンの四元
系半導体レ−ザ−(出力:5mW:発振波長680n
m)を用いた。結果を示す。 V0 :−695V、V1 :−685V、E1/6 :0.3
9μJ/cm2
The electrophotographic photosensitive member 12 was subjected to a corona discharge of -5 KV. At this time, the surface potential (initial potential V 0 ) was measured. Further, the surface potential of this photoconductor after leaving it in a dark place for 1 second was measured. The potential V 1 of the following sensitivity was dark decay 1
Exposure required to attenuate to / 6 (E 1/6 : μJ / cm
2 ) was evaluated by measuring. At this time, a quaternary semiconductor laser of indium / gallium / aluminum / phosphorus (output: 5 mW: oscillation wavelength 680 n) was used as a light source.
m) was used. The results are shown. V 0 : -695 V, V 1 : -685 V, E 1/6 : 0.3
9 μJ / cm 2

【0091】次に、同上の半導体レ−ザ−を備えた反転
現像方式の電子写真方式プリンタ−であるレ−ザ−ビ−
ムプリンタ−(前出)に電子写真感光体12を取り付け
て、実際の画像形成テストを行った。条件は以下のとお
りである。 一次帯電後の表面電位:−700V 像露光後の表面電位:−150V(露光量2.0μJ/
cm2 ) 転写電位:+700V 現像極性:負極性 プロセススピ−ド:50mm/sec 現像条件(現像バイアス):−450V 像露光後スキャン方式:イメ−ジスキャン 一次帯電前露光:50lux・secの赤色全面露光 画像形成はレ−ザ−ビ−ムを文字信号及び画像信号に従
ってラインスキャンして行ったが、文字、画像共に良好
なプリントが得られた。
Next, a laser beam printer which is an electrophotographic printer of the reversal development type provided with the semiconductor laser of the above is used.
The actual image forming test was performed by attaching the electrophotographic photosensitive member 12 to the printer (described above). The conditions are as follows. Surface potential after primary charging: -700 V Surface potential after image exposure: -150 V (exposure 2.0 μJ /
cm 2 ) Transfer potential: +700 V Development polarity: negative polarity Process speed: 50 mm / sec Development condition (development bias): -450 V Scanning method after image exposure: image scan Exposure before primary charging: 50 lux · sec red overall exposure The image was formed by line scanning the laser beam in accordance with the character signal and the image signal, and good prints were obtained for both the character and the image.

【0092】更に、連続5,000枚の画出しを行った
ところ、初期から5,000枚まで安定したプリントが
得られた。
Further, when 5,000 continuous images were printed, stable prints from the initial stage to 5,000 sheets were obtained.

【0093】実施例13 アルミニウム支持体上に0.5μmの6−66−610
−610−12四元系ナイロン共重合体5部をメタノ−
ル70部とブタノ−ル25部の混合溶媒に溶解した液を
マイヤ−バ−にて塗布し、乾燥後の膜厚が0.6μmの
下引き層を形成した。
Example 13 0.5 μm 6-66-610 on an aluminum support
-610-12 quaternary nylon copolymer 5 parts by methanol
A solution dissolved in a mixed solvent of 70 parts of butanol and 25 parts of butanol was applied by a Myer bar to form an undercoat layer having a thickness of 0.6 μm after drying.

【0094】次に、製造例1で得られた結晶形のオキシ
チタニウムフタロシアニン10部と下記構造式のアゾ顔
料1.5部
Next, 10 parts of the crystalline oxytitanium phthalocyanine obtained in Production Example 1 and 1.5 parts of an azo pigment having the following structural formula

【化7】 をポリビニルブチラ−ル(商品名エスレックBX−1、
積水化学(株)製)10部とシクロヘキサノン250部
に溶解した液に添加し、1mmφのガラスビ−ズを用い
たサンドミルで48時間分散し、これに下記構造式のヒ
ンダ−ドフェノ−ル化合物2部
Embedded image To polyvinyl butyral (trade name ESLEC BX-1,
10 parts of Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) and 250 parts of cyclohexanone were dissolved in a liquid and dispersed for 48 hours in a sand mill using a 1 mmφ glass bead, and 2 parts of a hindered phenol compound having the following structural formula was added thereto.

【化8】 を添加して溶解し、酢酸エチルを加えて希釈した後に、
この塗布液をした引き層上にマイヤ−バ−で塗布し、8
0℃で15分間乾燥して膜厚0.2μmの電荷発生層を
形成した。
Embedded image After adding and dissolving, and adding and diluting with ethyl acetate,
This coating solution was applied to the drawn layer with a Myr bar,
After drying at 0 ° C. for 15 minutes, a charge generation layer having a thickness of 0.2 μm was formed.

【0095】次いで、例示化合物例34の化合物8部と
下記構造式
Next, 8 parts of the compound of Exemplified Compound Example 34 and the following structural formula

【化9】 の電荷輸送物質2部及びビスフェノ−ルZ型ポリカ−ボ
ネ−ト(重量平均分子量25,000)10部を塩化メ
チレン80部に溶解した液を電荷発生層上にマイヤ−バ
−で塗布し、120℃で1時間乾燥して膜厚22μmの
電荷輸送層を形成し、電子写真感光体を作成した。電子
写真感光体13と称する。電子写真感光体13を実施例
2と同様の方法で評価した。結果を示す。EΔ600
0.17μJ/cm2 、ΔVD :−5V、ΔVL :−5
V、Vr:−5vであった。
Embedded image A solution prepared by dissolving 2 parts of the above charge transport material and 10 parts of bisphenol Z-type polycarbonate (weight average molecular weight: 25,000) in 80 parts of methylene chloride is applied to the charge generating layer with a Myer bar. After drying at 120 ° C. for 1 hour, a charge transport layer having a thickness of 22 μm was formed, and an electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared. This is referred to as an electrophotographic photosensitive member 13. The electrophotographic photosensitive member 13 was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 2. The results are shown. EΔ 600 :
0.17 μJ / cm 2 , ΔV D : −5 V, ΔV L : −5
V, Vr: -5v.

【0096】[0096]

【発明の効果】本発明の電子写真感光体は、特定のオキ
シチタニウムフタロシアニンと一般式(1)で示される
化合物を組み合わせることにより、レ−ザ−ダイオ−ド
の発振波長のような長波長域で高感度を有し、電子写真
プロセスにおいて安定した画像特性を示し、電位安定性
に優れるという顕著な効果を奏する。また、本発明の電
子写真感光体を組み合わせたプロセスカ−トリッジ並び
に電子写真装置において同様の効果を奏する。
According to the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention, a specific oxytitanium phthalocyanine and a compound represented by the general formula (1) are combined to form a long wavelength region such as a laser diode oscillation wavelength. And has high sensitivity, shows stable image characteristics in an electrophotographic process, and has a remarkable effect of being excellent in potential stability. Further, the same effects can be obtained in a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus in which the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention is combined.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】製造例1で得られた結晶形のオキシチタニウム
フタロシアニンのX線回折図
FIG. 1 is an X-ray diffraction diagram of a crystalline form of oxytitanium phthalocyanine obtained in Production Example 1.

【図2】製造例2で得られた結晶形のオキシチタニウム
フタロシアニンのX線回折図
FIG. 2 is an X-ray diffraction diagram of the crystalline form of oxytitanium phthalocyanine obtained in Production Example 2.

【図3】製造例3で得られた結晶形のオキシチタニウム
フタロシアニンのX線回折図
FIG. 3 is an X-ray diffraction diagram of a crystalline form of oxytitanium phthalocyanine obtained in Production Example 3.

【図4】比較製造例1で得られた結晶形のオキシチタニ
ウムフタロシアニンのX線回折図
FIG. 4 is an X-ray diffraction diagram of the crystalline form of oxytitanium phthalocyanine obtained in Comparative Production Example 1.

【図5】比較製造例2で得られた結晶形のオキシチタニ
ウムフタロシアニンのX線回折図
FIG. 5 is an X-ray diffraction diagram of the crystalline form of oxytitanium phthalocyanine obtained in Comparative Production Example 2.

【図6】比較製造例3で得られた結晶形のオキシチタニ
ウムフタロシアニンのX線回折図
FIG. 6 is an X-ray diffraction diagram of the crystalline form of oxytitanium phthalocyanine obtained in Comparative Production Example 3.

【図7】本発明の結晶形のオキシチタニウムフタロシア
ニンの赤外吸収スペクトル図(KBr錠剤法)
FIG. 7 is an infrared absorption spectrum diagram of a crystal form of oxytitanium phthalocyanine of the present invention (KBr tablet method).

【図8】本発明の結晶形のオキシチタニウムフタロシア
ニンのUV吸収スペクトル図
FIG. 8 is a UV absorption spectrum of the crystalline form of oxytitanium phthalocyanine of the present invention.

【図9】電子写真感光体1の分光感度を表わした図FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the spectral sensitivity of the electrophotographic photosensitive member 1.

【図10】電子写真感光体の層構成の模式的断面図FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a layer configuration of an electrophotographic photosensitive member.

【図11】電子写真感光体の層構成の模式的断面図FIG. 11 is a schematic sectional view of a layer configuration of an electrophotographic photosensitive member.

【図12】本発明の電子写真感光体を有するプロセスカ
−トリッジを有する電子写真装置の概略構成を示す図。
FIG. 12 is a view showing a schematic configuration of an electrophotographic apparatus having a process cartridge having an electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 感光層 2 電荷発生物質 3 導電性支持体 4 電荷発生層 5 電荷輸送層 6 本発明の電子写真感光体 7 軸 8 一次帯電手段 9 画像露光光 10 現像手段 11 転写手段 12 転写材 13 像定着手段 14 クリ−ニング手段 15 前露光光 16 プロセスカ−トリッジ 17 レ−ル REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 photosensitive layer 2 charge generating substance 3 conductive support 4 charge generating layer 5 charge transport layer 6 electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention 7 axis 8 primary charging means 9 image exposure light 10 developing means 11 transfer means 12 transfer material 13 image fixing Means 14 Cleaning means 15 Pre-exposure light 16 Process cartridge 17 Rail

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 金丸 哲郎 東京都大田区下丸子3丁目30番2号 キヤ ノン株式会社内 (72)発明者 中田 浩一 東京都大田区下丸子3丁目30番2号 キヤ ノン株式会社内 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Tetsuro Kanamaru, 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. (72) Koichi Nakata 3-30-2, Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inside the corporation

Claims (4)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 導電性支持体上に感光層を有する電子写
真感光体において、該感光層がCuKαのX線回折にお
けるブラッグ角2θ±0.2°が9.0°、14.2
°、23.9°及び27.1°に強いピ−クを有する結
晶形のオキシチタニウムフタロシアニン及び下記一般式
(1) 【化1】 (式中、R1 、R2 、R3 及びR4 は置換基を有しても
よいアルキル基、置換基を有してもよいアラルキル基、
置換基を有してもよい芳香環基、置換基を有してもよい
複素環基または水素原子を示し、なお、R3 とR4 は共
同で環を形成してもよい。また、R5 及びR6 はアルキ
ル基、アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子または水素原子を示
す。Ar1 は置換基を有してもよい芳香環基または置換
基を有してもよい複素環基を示す。)で示される化合物
を含有することを特徴とする電子写真感光体。
1. An electrophotographic photosensitive member having a photosensitive layer on a conductive support, wherein the photosensitive layer has a Bragg angle 2θ ± 0.2 ° in X-ray diffraction of CuKα of 9.0 °, 14.2 °.
Crystalline oxytitanium phthalocyanine having strong peaks at degrees, 23.9 ° and 27.1 °, and the following general formula (1): (Wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an aralkyl group which may have a substituent,
It represents an aromatic ring group which may have a substituent, a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent or a hydrogen atom, and R 3 and R 4 may form a ring together. R 5 and R 6 represent an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a halogen atom or a hydrogen atom. Ar 1 represents an aromatic ring group which may have a substituent or a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent. An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a compound represented by the formula (1):
【請求項2】 前記一般式(1)において、R1 及びR
2 が置換基を有してもよい芳香環基である請求項1記載
の電子写真感光体。
2. In the general formula (1), R 1 and R
2. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, wherein 2 is an aromatic ring group which may have a substituent.
【請求項3】 請求項1記載の電子写真感光体、及び帯
電手段、現像手段及びクリ−ニング手段からなる群より
選ばれる少なくとも一つの手段を一体に支持し、電子写
真装置本体に着脱自在であることを特徴とするプロセス
カ−トリッジ。
3. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, and at least one means selected from the group consisting of a charging means, a developing means and a cleaning means are integrally supported, and are detachably attached to an electrophotographic apparatus main body. A process cartridge characterized by the following.
【請求項4】 請求項1記載の電子写真感光体、帯電手
段、像露光手段、現像手段及び転写手段を有することを
特徴とする電子写真装置。
4. An electrophotographic apparatus comprising the electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, a charging unit, an image exposing unit, a developing unit, and a transferring unit.
JP1199198A 1998-01-07 1998-01-07 Electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge having same and electrophotographic device Withdrawn JPH11202512A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1199198A JPH11202512A (en) 1998-01-07 1998-01-07 Electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge having same and electrophotographic device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1199198A JPH11202512A (en) 1998-01-07 1998-01-07 Electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge having same and electrophotographic device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH11202512A true JPH11202512A (en) 1999-07-30

Family

ID=11793061

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP1199198A Withdrawn JPH11202512A (en) 1998-01-07 1998-01-07 Electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge having same and electrophotographic device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH11202512A (en)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP2502404B2 (en) Oxytitanium phthalocyanine, method for producing the same, electrophotographic photosensitive member using the same, apparatus unit having the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and electrophotographic apparatus
US5298353A (en) Electrophotographic photosensitive member
US5227271A (en) Electrophotographic photosensitive member
JP2879369B2 (en) Electrophotographic photoreceptor, electrophotographic apparatus provided with the electrophotographic photoreceptor, and facsimile
JP2879370B2 (en) Electrophotographic photoreceptor, electrophotographic apparatus provided with the electrophotographic photoreceptor, and facsimile
JP2920323B2 (en) Electrophotographic photoreceptor
JPH07104495A (en) Electrophotographic photoreceptor and electrophotographic device having the photoreceptor
JP2841242B2 (en) Electrophotographic photoreceptor, electrophotographic apparatus provided with the electrophotographic photoreceptor, and facsimile
JPH0611868A (en) Electrophotographic sensitive body, electrophotographic device and device unit having the same
JP2814017B2 (en) Electrophotographic photoreceptor, electrophotographic apparatus provided with the electrophotographic photoreceptor, and facsimile
JP2931070B2 (en) Novel crystal form of oxytitanium phthalocyanine and electrophotographic photoreceptor using the same
JPH04254862A (en) Electrophotographic photosensitive body and electrophotographic device and facsimile with electrophotographic photosensitive body
JPH11202512A (en) Electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge having same and electrophotographic device
JP2001066809A (en) Electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge with the same and electrophotographic device
JPH04182655A (en) Electrophotographic sensitive body, electrophotographic device fitted with same sensitive body and facsimile
JP2683152B2 (en) Electrophotographic photoreceptor
JP2857486B2 (en) Electrophotographic photoreceptor and electrophotographic apparatus
JPH04253065A (en) Electrophotographic sensitive body, electrophotographic apparatus and facsimile using same
JPH04182654A (en) Electrophotographic sensitive body, electrophotographic device fitted with same sensitive body and facsimile
JPH11184108A (en) Electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus
JP3244951B2 (en) Electrophotographic photoreceptor and electrophotographic apparatus using the electrophotographic photoreceptor
JP2872795B2 (en) Novel crystal form of oxytitanium phthalocyanine and electrophotographic photoreceptor using the same
JP3119380B2 (en) Electrophotographic photoreceptor, electrophotographic apparatus and facsimile using the same
JPH04257867A (en) Electrophotographic sensitive body and electrophotographic device and facsimile equipped with same
JP2001109178A (en) Electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge with same and electrophotographic device

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A300 Withdrawal of application because of no request for examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300

Effective date: 20050405