JPH11197635A - Decomposition treatment of organic waste and production of ridging for plant by decomposition treatment of organic waste - Google Patents

Decomposition treatment of organic waste and production of ridging for plant by decomposition treatment of organic waste

Info

Publication number
JPH11197635A
JPH11197635A JP421998A JP421998A JPH11197635A JP H11197635 A JPH11197635 A JP H11197635A JP 421998 A JP421998 A JP 421998A JP 421998 A JP421998 A JP 421998A JP H11197635 A JPH11197635 A JP H11197635A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
organic waste
garbage
fermentation
carbide
coated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP421998A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Shinichi Sakai
信一 酒井
Hiroshi Kayama
博 嘉山
Tatsukumo Yoshida
龍雲 吉田
Sakae Nishizuka
栄 西塚
Yosuke Takagi
洋祐 高木
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KAYAMA RYOKKA SANGYO KK
YOSHIDA ZOUEN DOBOKU KK
Shinmaywa Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
KAYAMA RYOKKA SANGYO KK
YOSHIDA ZOUEN DOBOKU KK
Shin Meiva Industry Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KAYAMA RYOKKA SANGYO KK, YOSHIDA ZOUEN DOBOKU KK, Shin Meiva Industry Ltd filed Critical KAYAMA RYOKKA SANGYO KK
Priority to JP421998A priority Critical patent/JPH11197635A/en
Publication of JPH11197635A publication Critical patent/JPH11197635A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/20—Sludge processing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Landscapes

  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achievce the shortening of the decomposition treatment time of org. waste and the compactification of decomposition treatment facilities and to produce ridging for a plant by utilizing the fermentative fermentation of org. waste. SOLUTION: Particulate coated carbide prepered by baking and carbonizing sawdust coated with bentonite is mixed with garbage as a moisture adjusting material to adjust garbage to the optimum water content. Aerobic fermentation bacteria are added to this garbage to charge the garbage in a fermentation treatment tank 2 and the garbage is heated at 75 deg.C for 3 hr by a gas burner 23 to be subjected to primary fermentation. This fermented garbage is put in an ageing box 3 to be aged within an ageing chamber 41 for about one month. Three major fertilizer components of phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium liberated accompanied by the fermentative decomposition of garbage are adsorbed and supported by the coated carbide to prepare ridging for a plant. A secondary ageing period and space for decomposing and extinguishing sawdust required in a case mixing sawdust itself as a moisture adjusting material are avoided.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、厨房において発生
する生ごみ、市場等における魚，生鮮野菜，果物等の解
体屑、畜産業において発生する***物、汚泥等の高含水
の有機性廃棄物を好気性微生物により発酵分解処理する
分解処理方法、及び、このような有機性廃棄物の分解処
理方法を利用して植物の播種用，育苗用もしくは定植用
の培土を製造する製造方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to garbage generated in kitchens, demolition waste such as fish, fresh vegetables and fruits in markets, etc., excrement generated in the livestock industry, and highly water-containing organic waste such as sludge. And a production method for producing soil for plant sowing, seedling raising, or planting using such an organic waste decomposition treatment method.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】ところで、高含水の有機性廃棄物を好気
性微生物により分解処理する際には、主として含水量，
酸素濃度及び温度の各条件を好気性微生物の好気性発酵
・分解に適したものに制御する必要がある。そして、こ
のような好気性発酵に適した含水条件に調整するため
に、従来より、上記の有機性廃棄物に対し水分調整材と
しておが粉，おが屑，モミガラ等の木質系粉粒体を加
え、これらを混合することにより水分調整した混合物を
発酵・分解処理することが知られている（例えば、特開
昭５７−８１８９３号公報、特開平８−２８１２４４号
公報参照）。このような発酵・分解処理は、通常、図２
に示すようにまずロータリキルン等の発酵炉において上
記混合物が加熱されて好気性微生物による高温・好気性
発酵が強制的に行われる。これにより、好気性微生物の
活性化及び自己増殖の促進が行われて分解速度が高めら
れる。そして、このような状態で所定時間（例えば３時
間）の一次発酵処理が行われる。ついで、一次発酵処理
後の有機性廃棄物と水分調整材との混合物が熟成棟内で
二次発酵処理されて熟成される。この二次発酵処理によ
る熟成としては、有機性廃棄物（例えば生ごみ）の熟成
（完熟）を行う一次熟成と、上記の水分調整材としての
おが粉等の完熟を行う二次熟成とが行われ、このような
一次及び二次の各熟成を経て上記混合物は分解処理され
て完熟状態になる。通常、有機性廃棄物が生ごみである
場合にはその生ごみの一次熟成にほぼ１月間要し、続い
て、主としておが粉等の二次熟成にほぼ２月間要してお
り、全体でほぼ３月間の期間で有機性廃棄物が完全に分
解処理されることになる。2. Description of the Related Art By the way, when an organic waste having a high water content is decomposed by an aerobic microorganism, the water content,
It is necessary to control the conditions of oxygen concentration and temperature to those suitable for aerobic fermentation / decomposition of aerobic microorganisms. And, in order to adjust to the water-containing conditions suitable for such aerobic fermentation, conventionally, wood-based powders such as sawdust, sawdust, and firgrass have been added to the above-mentioned organic waste as a moisture-regulating material. It is known that a mixture whose water content is adjusted by mixing them is subjected to a fermentation / decomposition treatment (for example, see JP-A-57-81893 and JP-A-8-281244). Such a fermentation / decomposition treatment is usually performed by the method shown in FIG.
As shown in (1), first, the above mixture is heated in a fermentation furnace such as a rotary kiln to forcibly perform high-temperature aerobic fermentation by aerobic microorganisms. Thereby, activation of the aerobic microorganism and promotion of self-reproduction are performed, and the decomposition rate is increased. Then, in such a state, the primary fermentation treatment is performed for a predetermined time (for example, 3 hours). Next, the mixture of the organic waste and the water conditioning material after the primary fermentation treatment is subjected to secondary fermentation treatment in the maturation building to be matured. As the ripening by the secondary fermentation treatment, there are a primary ripening for ripening (complete ripening) of organic waste (for example, garbage) and a secondary ripening for ripening sawdust and the like as the above-mentioned moisture adjusting material. The mixture is subjected to the primary and secondary ripening, and the mixture is decomposed to a mature state. Normally, when organic waste is garbage, it takes approximately one month for the primary maturation of the garbage, followed by the secondary maturation of sawdust, etc., for approximately two months. The organic waste will be completely decomposed in approximately three months.

【０００３】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、水分調整材
として木質系のおが粉等を有機性廃棄物に混合させてい
るため、そのおが粉等をも含めて分解処理する必要があ
り、そのために、おが粉等をも好気性微生物により発酵
分解（二次熟成）させる必要がある。このために、例え
ば生ごみの場合では、その生ごみ自体はほぼ１月間で完
熟させることが可能であるものの、その生ごみを好気性
発酵に適した含水条件にするために添加したおが粉等の
発酵分解にさらに２月間の期間を要し、その結果、上記
の生ごみを良質の堆肥として有効利用するまでに全体で
３月間という長期間を要することになる。ここで、有機
性廃棄物の好気性発酵による分解処理は環境問題を解決
する有効な手段ではあるものの、上記の如く分解処理に
長期間要することが、有機性廃棄物の有効利用を促進す
るためのネックにもなっている。However, since wood-based sawdust and the like are mixed with organic waste as a water conditioning material, it is necessary to decompose the waste including the sawdust and the like. For that purpose, it is necessary to degrade fermentation (secondary ripening) of sawdust and the like by aerobic microorganisms. For this reason, for example, in the case of garbage, although the garbage itself can be fully matured in about one month, the sawdust added to make the garbage to be in a water-containing condition suitable for aerobic fermentation. It takes another two months for the fermentation decomposition, etc., and as a result, it takes a long period of three months as a whole until the above-mentioned garbage is effectively used as a high-quality compost. Here, although the decomposition treatment of organic waste by aerobic fermentation is an effective means for solving environmental problems, it takes a long time for the decomposition treatment as described above, in order to promote the effective use of organic waste. It has also become a bottleneck.

【０００４】その上に、上記二次熟成においては、二次
熟成室内に堆積放置しつつ適宜水分補給や空気（酸素）
補給のための切り返し作業等を行う必要があるため、二
次熟成のために比較的広大なスペースが必要になり、こ
のために、かなりの大空間を有する熟成棟が分解処理の
ための施設として必要になる。[0004] In addition, in the above-mentioned secondary ripening, water is appropriately added and air (oxygen) is accumulated while being left standing in the secondary ripening chamber.
Since it is necessary to carry out re-working for replenishment, a relatively large space is required for secondary maturation. Will be needed.

【０００５】また、有機性廃棄物と木質系粉粒体との混
合物を対象として発酵分解処理により得られる生成物は
良質な堆肥ではあるものの、その生成物は土壌改良材も
しくは肥料として例えば耕作地等の土と混ぜて用いられ
るに過ぎず、このため、有機性廃棄物の発酵分解処理技
術を利用して生成物それ自体で植物の播種用，育苗用も
しくは定植用の培土、すなわち、土自体としての用途に
適用し得る植物用培土の製造方法の開発が要請されてい
る。Although the product obtained by fermentation and decomposition treatment of a mixture of organic waste and woody granular material is a high-quality compost, the product is used as a soil conditioner or a fertilizer, for example, in cultivated land. It is only used by mixing it with soil, etc., and therefore, using the fermentation and decomposition treatment technology of organic waste, the product itself is used as a soil for plant sowing, raising seedlings or planting, that is, the soil itself. There is a demand for the development of a method for producing a culture medium for a plant that can be applied to the use as a plant.

【０００６】ここで、上記のおが屑等の有機物を無機質
粘結材等により被覆した状態で焼成することにより被覆
炭化物を製造し、これにより、上記のおが屑等のリサイ
クルを行うことが知られている（特開平８−２０８２０
９号公報参照）。しかし、この被覆炭化物は出発原料が
有機物ではあっても炭化処理されているため、窒素成分
を含まず、上記被覆炭化物の用途としては土壌改良材に
止まり、植物用培土としては不適当なものである。[0006] Here, it is known that the above-mentioned organic material such as sawdust is coated with an inorganic binder and fired to produce a coated carbide, thereby recycling the sawdust and the like. (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 8-20820)
No. 9). However, even if the starting material is an organic substance, this coated carbide does not contain a nitrogen component because it has been carbonized, so the above-mentioned coated carbide is used only as a soil improvement material and is unsuitable as a plant soil. is there.

【０００７】本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされ
たものであり、その目的とするところは、有機性廃棄物
の分解処理期間の短縮化、分解処理施設のコンパクト化
を図ることにある。加えて、有機性廃棄物の発酵分解を
利用して植物用培土を製造する方法を確立することにあ
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to shorten the period for decomposing organic waste and to make the decomposition facility compact. . In addition, it is another object of the present invention to establish a method for producing plant soil using fermentation decomposition of organic waste.

【０００８】[0008]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、請求項１記載の発明は、有機性廃棄物に対し水分調
整材を混合した後に、その混合物に対し好気性微生物を
添加して加熱することにより上記有機性廃棄物を好気性
発酵分解させるようにした有機性廃棄物の分解処理方法
を前提として、上記水分調整材として、片状、粒状もし
くは粉状の多孔質炭化物を用い、この多孔質炭化物によ
り上記有機性廃棄物の水分調整を行うようにする構成と
するものである。ここで、上記の「有機性廃棄物」と
は、発酵分解処理のために水分量の調整が必要な程度の
高含水の有機性廃棄物のことであり、例えば厨房におい
て発生する生ごみ、市場等における魚，生鮮野菜，果物
等の解体屑、畜産業において発生する***物、汚泥等が
該当する。また、「多孔質炭化物」とは、有機物、好ま
しくは有機性廃棄物を炭化処理して得られるもののこと
であり、例えば廃木材等を炭化処理して得られる木炭等
が該当する。In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, an organic waste is mixed with a water conditioner, and then aerobic microorganisms are added to the mixture. Assuming that the organic waste is decomposed by aerobic fermentation to decompose the organic waste by heating, as the water conditioning material, flaky, granular or powdery porous carbide is used, The porous carbide is used to adjust the water content of the organic waste. Here, the above-mentioned “organic waste” is an organic waste having a high water content that requires an adjustment of the amount of water for fermentation decomposition treatment, such as garbage generated in a kitchen, Of fish, fresh vegetables, fruits, etc., excrement generated in the livestock industry, sludge, etc. The “porous carbide” is obtained by carbonizing an organic substance, preferably an organic waste, and corresponds to, for example, charcoal obtained by carbonizing waste wood and the like.

【０００９】上記の構成の場合、多孔質炭化物は内部に
多くの微細空隙を有しているため、毛細管作用により高
い吸水性能を発揮して有機性廃棄物の含水量を低減させ
るという水分調整機能を効率よく発揮することになる。
このため、分解処理対象物である有機性廃棄物が生ごみ
等の高含水のものであっても、その高含水の有機性廃棄
物に上記多孔質炭化物を混合すると、その多孔質炭化物
が有機性廃棄物中の水分を吸水し、上記有機性廃棄物を
好気性微生物による好気性発酵分解に適した含水条件に
調整することが可能になる。In the above structure, since the porous carbide has many fine voids therein, it exhibits a high water-absorbing performance by the capillary action, thereby reducing the water content of the organic waste. Will be exhibited efficiently.
For this reason, even if the organic waste to be decomposed is a highly water-containing organic waste such as garbage, if the porous carbide is mixed with the highly water-containing organic waste, the porous carbide becomes organic. It becomes possible to adjust the water content of the organic waste to a condition suitable for aerobic fermentation and decomposition by aerobic microorganisms by absorbing the water in the ionic waste.

【００１０】加えて、上記の多孔質炭化物は内部に多く
の微細空隙を有しているため、その微細空隙内に蓄えら
れた空気（酸素）により好気性微生物に対し好気的環境
が付与される上に、上記微細空隙が好気性微生物の着床
場所となるため好気性微生物の繁殖の促進が図られるこ
とになる。このため、好気性微生物による有機性廃棄物
の発酵分解がより活発化されることになる。In addition, since the above-mentioned porous carbide has many fine voids inside, the air (oxygen) stored in the fine voids provides an aerobic environment to aerobic microorganisms. In addition, since the microvoids serve as a place where the aerobic microorganisms are implanted, the propagation of the aerobic microorganisms is promoted. For this reason, fermentation decomposition of organic waste by aerobic microorganisms will be more activated.

【００１１】さらに、有機性廃棄物が発酵分解されるに
従い有機性廃棄物中に存在したリン，窒素及びカリウム
成分が遊離し、この遊離したリン，窒素及びカリウム成
分が多孔質炭化物に吸着担持されることになる。このた
め、発酵分解処理が終了した段階では上記有機性廃棄物
が分解されてその実体を失い、上記のリン等の各成分が
吸着担持された状態の多孔質炭化物が主生成物として残
ることになる。すなわち、水分調整材としての多孔質炭
化物を混合した上記構成の場合には、有機性廃棄物自体
を発酵分解させれば分解処理が終了するため、水分調整
材としておが粉等の有機質の粉粒体を用いた従来の場合
のように、そのおが粉等を分解消滅させるための二次熟
成工程や二次熟成室が不要となる。従って、有機性廃棄
物の分解処理期間を上記従来の場合よりも大幅に短縮す
ることが可能になる上に、施設の省スペース化及び設備
コストの低減化を図ることが可能になる。Further, as the organic waste is fermented and decomposed, the phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium components present in the organic waste are released, and the released phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium components are adsorbed and carried on the porous carbide. Will be. For this reason, at the stage where the fermentation decomposition treatment is completed, the organic waste is decomposed and loses its substance, and the porous carbide in which the components such as phosphorus are adsorbed and supported remains as a main product. Become. In other words, in the case of the above-mentioned configuration in which the porous carbide is mixed as the moisture adjusting material, the decomposition treatment is terminated if the organic waste itself is fermented and decomposed, so that organic powder such as sawdust is used as the moisture adjusting material. As in the conventional case using granules, a secondary ripening step or a secondary ripening chamber for eliminating and eliminating sawdust and the like is not required. Accordingly, it is possible to significantly shorten the period of decomposition treatment of the organic waste as compared with the above-described conventional case, and it is possible to save the space of the facility and reduce the facility cost.

【００１２】請求項２記載の発明は、請求項１記載の発
明における多孔質炭化物として、有機物に対し無機質粘
結材を被覆したものを焼成することにより得られる被覆
炭化物を用いる構成とするものである。According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a structure in which, as the porous carbide in the first aspect, a coated carbide obtained by firing an organic substance coated with an inorganic binder is used. is there.

【００１３】上記の構成の場合、水分調整材として用い
る多孔質炭化物が具体的に特定されることになる。例え
ばおが粉，おが屑もしくはモミ殻等の粉粒状の有機物の
外表面を例えばベントナイト等の無機質粘結材により被
覆し、これを焼成することにより、内部のおが粉等を燃
焼消滅させることなく効率よく炭化処理を行うことが可
能になる。このため、上記のおが粉等の廃棄物の有効利
用を効率よく行うことが可能になる。しかも、生成され
た被覆炭化物は上記のおが粉等と同様に粉粒状の形態を
有する上に、多くの微細空隙を有し単位体積当りの比表
面積も極めて大きなものを有しているため、極めて高い
吸水性能を発揮して高含水の有機性廃棄物の含水量を低
減させる水分調整材としての機能を十分に発揮すること
になる。このため、請求項１記載の発明による作用も確
実に得られることになる。In the case of the above configuration, the porous carbide to be used as the moisture regulator is specifically specified. For example, the outer surface of a powdery organic substance such as sawdust, sawdust or fir husk is coated with an inorganic binder such as bentonite and baked, so that the inside sawdust and the like are not burned out. It is possible to efficiently perform the carbonization treatment. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently use the above-mentioned waste such as sawdust efficiently. Moreover, since the generated coated carbide has a granular form similar to the above-mentioned sawdust and the like, it has many fine voids and an extremely large specific surface area per unit volume. The function as a moisture adjusting material that exhibits extremely high water absorption performance and reduces the water content of the highly water-containing organic waste is sufficiently exhibited. For this reason, the operation according to the first aspect of the invention can be reliably obtained.

【００１４】また、請求項３記載の発明は、請求項１記
載の発明の有機性廃棄物の分解処理方法を用いた植物用
培土の製造方法に係るものである。具体的には、請求項
３記載の発明は、片状、粒状もしくは粉状の多孔質炭化
物に対し有機性廃棄物を混合し、その混合物に対し好気
性微生物を添加して加熱することにより上記有機性廃棄
物を好気性発酵分解させ遊離した少なくともリン、窒
素、及び、カリウムの各成分を上記炭化物に吸着担持さ
せるようにする構成とするものである。ここで、上記の
「有機性廃棄物」及び「多孔質炭化物」とは請求項１記
載の発明の場合と同様のものである。[0014] The third aspect of the present invention relates to a method for producing a plant soil using the method for decomposing organic waste according to the first aspect of the present invention. Specifically, the invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that an organic waste is mixed with flaky, granular or powdery porous carbides, an aerobic microorganism is added to the mixture, and the mixture is heated. At least each component of phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium released by aerobic fermentation decomposition of organic waste is adsorbed and carried on the above-mentioned carbide. Here, the above-mentioned "organic waste" and "porous carbide" are the same as in the first aspect of the present invention.

【００１５】上記の構成の場合、窒素成分を本来有しな
い炭化物にリン，窒素及びカリウム等の各成分が吸着担
持される結果、リン，窒素及びカリウム等の三大肥料成
分の全てに富んだ植物用培土が得られることになる。す
なわち、多孔質炭化物に混合した有機性廃棄物が発酵分
解されるに従いその有機性廃棄物中に存在したリン，窒
素及びカリウム成分が遊離し、この遊離したリン，窒素
及びカリウム成分が上記多孔質炭化物に吸着担持される
ことになる。このため、発酵分解処理が終了した段階で
は上記有機性廃棄物が分解されてその実体を失い、上記
のリン等の各成分が吸着担持された状態の多孔質炭化物
が主生成物として残ることになる。そして、この多孔質
炭化物は片状，粒状もしくは粉状であるため、生成物そ
れ自体で保水性及び植物の成育に必要な必須の肥料成分
を兼ね備えた培土、すなわち、土自体として用いること
が可能になる。[0015] In the case of the above-mentioned structure, each component such as phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium is adsorbed and carried on a carbide which does not originally have a nitrogen component. As a result, a plant rich in all three major fertilizer components such as phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium is obtained. You can obtain soil for cultivation. That is, as the organic waste mixed with the porous charcoal is fermented and decomposed, the phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium components present in the organic waste are released, and the released phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium components are removed from the porous waste. It will be adsorbed and carried on the carbide. For this reason, at the stage where the fermentation decomposition treatment is completed, the organic waste is decomposed and loses its substance, and the porous carbide in which the components such as phosphorus are adsorbed and supported remains as a main product. Become. And, since this porous carbide is in the form of flakes, granules or powder, the product itself can be used as soil cultivation having both water retention and essential fertilizer components necessary for plant growth, that is, soil itself. become.

【００１６】また、上記有機性廃棄物の発酵分解におい
て、上記多孔質炭化物は内部に多くの微細空隙を有し極
めて高い吸水性を有しているため、混合する有機性廃棄
物が高含水のものであっても、その多孔質炭化物が有機
性廃棄物中の水分を吸水し、上記有機性廃棄物を好気性
微生物による好気性発酵分解に適した含水条件に調整す
ることが特別な水分調整を行うことなく可能になる。加
えて、上記の多孔質炭化物は内部に多くの微細空隙を有
しているため、その微細空隙内に蓄えられた空気（酸
素）により好気性微生物に対し好気的環境が付与される
上に、上記微細空隙が好気性微生物の着床場所となるた
め好気性微生物の繁殖の促進が図られることになる。こ
のため、好気性微生物による有機性廃棄物の発酵分解が
より活発化され、植物用培土の製造がより効率的に行い
得るようになる。In addition, in the fermentation decomposition of the organic waste, the porous carbonized material has a large amount of fine voids and extremely high water absorption. Even if it is, the porous carbide absorbs water in the organic waste, and the organic waste is adjusted to a water-containing condition suitable for aerobic fermentation and decomposition by aerobic microorganisms. It becomes possible without doing. In addition, since the above-mentioned porous carbide has many fine voids inside, the air (oxygen) stored in the fine voids provides an aerobic environment to aerobic microorganisms. In addition, since the microvoids serve as a place where the aerobic microorganisms are implanted, the propagation of the aerobic microorganisms is promoted. For this reason, the fermentation decomposition of the organic waste by the aerobic microorganisms becomes more active, and the production of plant soil can be performed more efficiently.

【００１７】さらに、上記の有機性廃棄物自体の発酵分
解は比較的短期間で終了するため、多孔質炭化物を基体
とする植物用培土の製造を早期に行い得る。Furthermore, since the fermentation and decomposition of the organic waste itself is completed in a relatively short period of time, the production of a plant soil based on a porous carbide can be performed at an early stage.

【００１８】さらに、請求項４記載の発明は、請求項３
記載の発明における多孔質炭化物として、片状、粒状も
しくは粉状の有機物に対し無機質粘結材を被覆したもの
を焼成することにより得られる被覆炭化物を用いる構成
とするものである。ここで、上記の「有機物」としては
例えばおが粉，おが屑もしくはモミ殻等の当初から粉粒
状の有機物が好ましく、「無機質粘結材」としては例え
ばベントナイト等を用いればよい。Further, the invention described in claim 4 is the third invention.
In the invention described above, a coated carbide obtained by baking a flake, granular or powdery organic substance coated with an inorganic binder is used as the porous carbide. Here, the above-mentioned "organic substance" is preferably a powdery organic substance such as sawdust, sawdust or fir shell from the beginning, and the "inorganic binder" may be, for example, bentonite.

【００１９】上記の構成の場合、リン，窒素及びカリウ
ム等の肥料成分を吸着担持させる多孔質炭化物が、片
状，粒状もしくは粉状の有機物に対し無機物を被覆した
状態で焼成・炭化された被覆炭化物であるため、請求項
１記載の発明による作用に加え製造過程及び使用過程に
おいても破砕されることなく一定形状を保つという保形
性及び耐久性に優れた植物用培土を得ることが可能にな
る。In the case of the above structure, a porous carbide for adsorbing and supporting fertilizer components such as phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium is baked and carbonized in a state in which flake, granular or powdery organic matter is coated with an inorganic substance. Since it is a carbide, it is possible to obtain a plant soil having excellent shape retention and durability, which maintains a constant shape without being crushed even in the manufacturing process and the use process in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 1. Become.

【００２０】[0020]

【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に
基いて説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

【００２１】図１は、本発明の有機性廃棄物の分解処理
方法、及び、その分解処理方法を用いた植物用培土の製
造方法を実施する工程及び装置を示す。なお、本実施形
態は、後に詳述する方法を実施すれば、有機性廃棄物の
分解処理を行うことができる一方、その分解処理の結果
生成されるものによって植物用培土の製造を行うことが
できるものである。つまり、有機性廃棄物の分解処理
と、植物用培土の製造との両者が同じ方法によって可能
となるものである。FIG. 1 shows the steps and apparatus for implementing the method for decomposing organic waste of the present invention and the method for producing plant soil using the decomposition method. In this embodiment, if the method described in detail later is performed, the decomposition treatment of the organic waste can be performed, while the production of the plant soil can be performed by using the product generated as a result of the decomposition treatment. You can do it. That is, both the decomposition treatment of the organic waste and the production of the soil for the plant can be performed by the same method.

【００２２】図１において、２は発酵処理槽、３は熟成
箱、４は熟成棟であり、まず、これらの構成について以
下に説明する。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 2 denotes a fermentation tank, 3 denotes an aging box, and 4 denotes an aging building. First, these components will be described below.

【００２３】上記発酵処理槽２は、支持枠２１，２１に
より筒軸Ｘ回りに回転可能に支持された円筒形の回転ド
ラム２２と、この回転ドラム２２の内部を加熱するガス
バーナ２３と、上記回転ドラム２２を回転駆動するモー
タ２４とから基本構成されたものである。上記回転ドラ
ム２２は、筒軸Ｘ方向の一端側に処理対象物の投入口２
５が形成され、他端側に一次発酵処理物の取出口２６が
形成されている。上記投入口２５及び取出口２６にはそ
れぞれ開閉蓋が設けられている。また、上記回転ドラム
２２は全体が上記筒軸Ｘ方向他端側に向けてわずかに下
り勾配となるように配置されている一方、その内周面に
は図示省略の撹拌羽根が設けられており、内部の処理対
象物が回転ドラム２２の回転作動に伴い撹拌及び発酵処
理されながら投入口２５の側から取出口２６の側に向け
て徐々に移動するようになっている。なお、図１中２７
は排気筒、２８は上記モータ２４からの回転力の伝達を
受けるギヤ、２９，２９は鍔状ガイドである。The fermentation tank 2 has a cylindrical rotary drum 22 rotatably supported around a cylinder axis X by support frames 21 and 21, a gas burner 23 for heating the inside of the rotary drum 22, It basically comprises a motor 24 for driving the drum 22 to rotate. The rotary drum 22 is provided at one end side in the direction of the cylinder axis X with an input port 2 for the object to be processed.
5, and an outlet 26 for the primary fermentation product is formed on the other end side. Each of the inlet 25 and the outlet 26 is provided with an opening / closing lid. The rotating drum 22 is disposed so as to have a slightly downward slope toward the other end of the cylinder axis X direction, and a stirring blade (not shown) is provided on the inner peripheral surface thereof. The object to be processed is gradually moved from the side of the inlet 25 toward the side of the outlet 26 while being stirred and fermented by the rotation of the rotary drum 22. In addition, 27 in FIG.
Is an exhaust cylinder, 28 is a gear for receiving the torque transmitted from the motor 24, and 29 and 29 are flange guides.

【００２４】上記熟成箱３は、上記の取出口２５から取
り出された一次発酵処理物を収容してさらに二次発酵
（熟成）させるための容器であり、その底３１の全体か
ら内部の処理物に対し空気が補給されるようになってい
る。The ripening box 3 is a container for accommodating the primary fermented product taken out from the outlet 25 and further performing secondary fermentation (aging). Is supplied with air.

【００２５】上記熟成棟４は上記熟成箱３内に収容され
た処理物を熟成させる施設であり、上記熟成箱３を段積
みした状態で所定の熟成期間の間置いておくための熟成
室４１を備えている。The maturation building 4 is a facility for maturating the processed material accommodated in the maturation box 3, and the maturation room 41 for keeping the maturation boxes 3 in a stacked state for a predetermined maturation period. It has.

【００２６】次に、上記構成の装置による有機性廃棄物
の分解処理方法及び植物用培土の製造方法について説明
する。なお、以下の説明は、有機性廃棄物として生ごみ
を対象とし、発酵菌として好気性微生物であるバチルス
（桿菌）に属する菌を用いる場合について行う。Next, a method for decomposing organic waste and a method for producing a plant soil using the apparatus having the above configuration will be described. The following description is directed to a case where garbage is used as the organic waste and a bacterium belonging to the aerobic microorganism Bacillus (bacillus) is used as the fermentative bacterium.

【００２７】生ごみの分解処理及び培土の製造は、混合
処理工程と、一次発酵処理工程と、二次発酵処理工程と
からなる。以下、各工程について詳細に説明する。The decomposition treatment of garbage and the production of soil are composed of a mixing step, a primary fermentation step, and a secondary fermentation step. Hereinafter, each step will be described in detail.

【００２８】混合処理工程は、生ごみと、水分調整材と
しての被覆炭化物と、発酵菌とを均一に混合して上記生
ごみの含水率を所定の値に調整するものである。上記生
ごみは各家庭から分別収集されてきたものから混入して
いる金属等を予め選別・除去したものを用いる。上記被
覆炭化物は、比較的小径の粒状もしくは粉状の有機物を
外表面が個別に無機質の皮膜により覆われた状態で焼成
炭化したものを用いる。具体的には、有機物としてのお
が粉を耐火粘土もしくはベントナイト等の無機質粘結材
で被膜し、この被膜されたおが粉をロータリキルン等の
焼成炭化炉で所定温度（例えば６００℃〜７００℃）ま
で加熱して焼成炭化する。上記の被膜は上記おが粉とベ
ントナイト等とを混練すればよい。このような焼成炭化
により、多くの微細空隙を有し単位体積重量当りの比表
面積が極めて大きく（例えば２１７ｍ2 ／ｇ）、おが粉
とほぼ同形状の粉粒状の被覆炭化物が形成される。ま
た、発酵菌は上記被覆炭化物に予め混合した状態で生ご
みに添加してもよいし、生ごみと被覆炭化物とを混合し
たものに対し添加するようにしてもよい。そして、所定
量の被覆炭化物を生ごみと混合・撹拌することにより、
高含水（例えば７５〜８５％）の生ごみ中の水分を被覆
炭化物に吸水させて生ごみの含水率を上記発酵菌の増殖
・発酵に適した含水率（例えば５０〜６０％）に調整す
る。なお、この被覆炭化物の混合により、被覆炭化物の
微細空隙内の空気が生ごみ内に拡散されて混合物に対し
好気的条件を付与して好気性発酵を促進することにな
る。In the mixing step, the garbage, the coated charcoal as a moisture regulator, and the fermentation bacteria are uniformly mixed to adjust the water content of the garbage to a predetermined value. The above-mentioned garbage is obtained by preliminarily selecting and removing mixed metals and the like from those separately collected from each household. The above-mentioned coated carbide is obtained by firing and carbonizing a relatively small-diameter granular or powdery organic substance with its outer surface individually covered with an inorganic coating. Specifically, sawdust as an organic substance is coated with an inorganic binder such as refractory clay or bentonite, and the coated sawdust is heated at a predetermined temperature (for example, 600 ° C. to 700 ° C.) in a firing carbonization furnace such as a rotary kiln. ° C) and calcined and carbonized. The above-mentioned coating may be kneaded with the above-mentioned sawdust and bentonite. Such calcined carbonization forms a powdery and granular coated carbide having many fine voids, an extremely large specific surface area per unit volume weight (for example, 217 m 2 / g), and substantially the same shape as sawdust. Further, the fermentation bacteria may be added to the garbage in a state of being previously mixed with the above-mentioned coated charcoal, or may be added to a mixture of the garbage and the coated charcoal. Then, by mixing and stirring a predetermined amount of coated carbide with garbage,
The water in the garbage having a high water content (for example, 75 to 85%) is absorbed by the coated charcoal to adjust the water content of the garbage to a water content (for example, 50 to 60%) suitable for the growth and fermentation of the fermentative bacteria. . In addition, by the mixing of the coated carbide, the air in the minute voids of the coated carbide is diffused into the garbage, thereby imparting aerobic conditions to the mixture to promote aerobic fermentation.

【００２９】一次発酵処理工程は、所定の含水率に調整
した生ごみ，被覆炭化物及び発酵菌からなる混合物を投
入口２５から発酵処理槽２内に入れ、回転ドラム２２を
回転させながらガスバーナ２３により所定温度（例えば
７５℃）に加熱し、これを空気供給状態下で所定時間
（例えば３時間）継続する。これにより、発酵菌が活性
化されて自己増殖するとともに、生ごみに対する高温・
好気性発酵分解が生じる。また、上記の加熱により被覆
炭化物に吸水された水分が蒸発する一方、その被覆炭化
物の微細空隙に発酵菌が着床して増殖の促進が図られ
る。In the primary fermentation treatment step, a mixture of garbage, coated charcoal and fermentation bacteria adjusted to a predetermined water content is put into the fermentation treatment tank 2 from the inlet 25 and the gas burner 23 rotates the rotary drum 22. The heating is performed to a predetermined temperature (for example, 75 ° C.), and the heating is continued for a predetermined time (for example, 3 hours) under an air supply state. As a result, the fermentation bacteria are activated and self-proliferate.
Aerobic fermentation degradation occurs. In addition, while the water absorbed by the coated carbide is evaporated by the above heating, the fermentation bacteria are implanted in the fine voids of the coated carbide to promote the growth.

【００３０】二次発酵処理工程は、上記一次発酵処理工
程が終了した後の処理物を発酵処理槽２の取出口２６か
ら取り出して所要数の熟成箱３に移し、これらの熟成箱
３，３，…を熟成棟４の熟成室４１内に積み重ねて所定
期間（例えば１月間）の間発酵分解を継続させる。この
二次発酵処理工程では増殖した発酵菌による分解反応に
伴い熱を放出し、上記処理物はその自己発熱によりほぼ
６０〜７０℃に保たれる。このような高温条件で好気性
発酵による分解が促進されて熟成される。そして、この
熟成が進んで生ごみが分解消滅する一方、その生ごみの
発酵分解に伴いその生ごみからリン，窒素及びカリウム
等の各成分が遊離して被覆炭化物に吸着担持されること
になる。In the secondary fermentation treatment step, the processed product after the completion of the primary fermentation treatment step is taken out from the outlet 26 of the fermentation treatment tank 2 and transferred to a required number of maturation boxes 3. Are stacked in the maturation room 41 of the maturation building 4, and the fermentation decomposition is continued for a predetermined period (for example, one month). In this secondary fermentation treatment step, heat is released in accordance with the decomposition reaction by the fermenting bacteria that have grown, and the treated product is kept at approximately 60 to 70 ° C. by self-heating. Decomposition by aerobic fermentation is promoted and ripened under such high temperature conditions. Then, as this ripening progresses, the garbage is disintegrated and extinguished. On the other hand, as the garbage is fermented and decomposed, components such as phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium are released from the garbage and adsorbed and carried on the coated carbide. .

【００３１】この二次発酵処理工程が終了すると、上記
のリン，窒素及びカリウム等の肥料成分が吸着担持され
て植物の三大肥料成分に富んだ状態の被覆炭化物（生成
物）が残ることになる。そして、この粉粒状の被覆炭化
物は植物の播種用，育苗用もしくは定植用の培土として
有効利用されることになる。When the secondary fermentation treatment step is completed, the above-mentioned fertilizer components such as phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium are adsorbed and carried to leave a coated carbide (product) rich in the three major fertilizer components of the plant. Become. Then, the powdery and coated carbonized material is effectively used as a soil for plant sowing, seedling raising, or fixed planting.

【００３２】ここで、この生成物である被覆炭化物は上
記の高温状態での好気性発酵を経ているため、その熱に
より衛生処理が既に行われた状態、すなわち、病原菌等
の有害微生物、害虫、及び、雑草の種子等が死滅した状
態になっている。このため、上記の生成物である被覆炭
化物は、従来からある既存の播種用，育苗用培土の如き
使用前に人為的に有害菌を殺菌・除去する作業を行うこ
となく、上記二次発酵処理工程により生成されたそのま
まの状態で上記各種の植物用培土として使用することが
できる。そして、このような培土として用いた場合に、
発芽もしくは育苗の際の苗の立枯病等を確実に予防する
ことが可能になる。Here, since the coated charcoal, which is the product, has undergone the aerobic fermentation in the above-mentioned high temperature state, the heat has already been subjected to sanitary treatment, that is, harmful microorganisms such as pathogenic bacteria, pests, etc. In addition, weed seeds and the like have been killed. For this reason, the coated carbonized product, which is the above-mentioned product, is subjected to the above-mentioned secondary fermentation treatment without artificially disinfecting and removing harmful bacteria before use, such as conventional existing sowing and seedling cultivation soil. The as-produced soil for various plants can be used as it is produced by the process. And when it is used as such soil,
It is possible to reliably prevent seedling damping-off and the like during germination or seedling raising.

【００３３】また、以上のような方法によれば、上記の
ような有用な培土の製造が、生ごみという有機性廃棄物
の分解処理によって行われるため、廃棄物処理と、有効
成分の回収・還元との両者を同時に行うことができるこ
とになる。しかも、上記の肥料成分の担体となる被覆炭
化物によって生ごみの好気性発酵分解が促進されるた
め、水分調整材として従来のおが粉それ自体ではなく上
記被覆炭化物を用いることは、生ごみの分解処理に対し
ても、また、培土の製造に対しても極めて効果的なもの
である。Further, according to the above-mentioned method, since the production of useful soil as described above is performed by decomposing organic wastes such as garbage, the waste treatment and the recovery and recovery of the active ingredient are carried out. Both reduction and reduction can be performed simultaneously. In addition, since the aerobic fermentation decomposition of garbage is promoted by the coated carbide serving as a carrier of the fertilizer component, using the above coated carbide instead of the conventional sawdust itself as a water conditioning material is It is extremely effective for decomposition treatment and also for the production of soil.

【００３４】ここで、生ごみへの混合前の被覆炭化物
（処理前の被覆炭化物）と、二次発酵処理工程終了後の
被覆炭化物（処理後の被覆炭化物）とについて成分分析
を行った結果を表１に示す。Here, the results of component analysis of the coated carbide before mixing with the garbage (the coated carbon before the treatment) and the coated carbide after the completion of the secondary fermentation treatment step (the coated carbon after the treatment) are shown. It is shown in Table 1.

【００３５】[0035]

【表１】 [Table 1]

【００３６】なお、上記の各成分分析は各試料を精密乾
燥器により１０７℃±２℃で２時間加熱乾燥し、無水状
態にした試料について行った。また、各成分の分析は、
ケイ素（Ｓｉ）について二酸化ケイ素重量法、硫黄
（Ｓ）について高周波燃焼−赤外線吸収法、ナトリウム
（Ｎa ）について炎光光度分析法、塩素（Ｃl ）につい
て吸光光度分析法、窒素（Ｎ）について熱伝導度法、そ
の他の元素（Ｃa ，Ｆe ，Ａl ，Ｋ，Ｍg ，Ｐ）につい
て高周波プラズマ発光分析法によりそれぞれ行い、乾燥
重量比として示した。さらに、ｐＨ及び導電率は、試料
１ｇにイオン交換水１００ｍｌを加え、これを１０分間
撹拌した溶解させた後に測定し、かさ比重についてはメ
スシリンダ法、真比重についてはピクノメータ法により
それぞれ測定した。The above-described component analysis was performed on each sample which was dried by heating at 107 ° C. ± 2 ° C. for 2 hours using a precision drier to make the sample anhydrous. The analysis of each component
Silicon (Si) silicon dioxide gravimetric method, sulfur (S) high frequency combustion-infrared absorption method, sodium (Na) flame photometric method, chlorine (Cl) absorptiometric method, nitrogen (N) thermal conductivity The measurement was carried out by a high-frequency plasma emission spectrometry for the other methods (Ca, Fe, Al, K, Mg, P), and the results are shown as a dry weight ratio. Further, the pH and the conductivity were measured after adding 100 ml of ion-exchanged water to 1 g of the sample and stirring and dissolving it for 10 minutes. The bulk specific gravity was measured by a measuring cylinder method, and the true specific gravity was measured by a pycnometer method.

【００３７】上記の表１によれば、処理前の被覆炭化物
は、０．０８％のリン（Ｐ）と、０．６４％のカリウム
（Ｋ）とを含んでいるものの、高温で炭化処理されてい
るためＮを含んではいない。これに対し、処理後の被覆
炭化物は、０．２２％のＰと、０．９８％のＫとを含
み、処理前のものと比べＰ及びＫ共にリッチとなってい
る。加えて、処理後の被覆炭化物は、処理前にはなかっ
たＮを０．８８％含むものとなっている。従って、処理
後の被覆炭化物は、処理前の被覆炭化物や木炭のように
土の存在を前提としてその土に混ぜ込む土壌改良材もし
くは堆肥としての用途に限られることなく、植物用の培
土、すなわち、土自体としての用途に用いることができ
ることになる。According to Table 1 above, the coated carbide before the treatment contains 0.08% of phosphorus (P) and 0.64% of potassium (K), but is carbonized at a high temperature. Therefore, N is not included. On the other hand, the coated carbide after the treatment contains 0.22% of P and 0.98% of K, and both P and K are richer than those before the treatment. In addition, the coated carbide after the treatment contains 0.88% of N that was not present before the treatment. Therefore, the coated carbide after the treatment is not limited to the use as a soil improvement material or a compost to be mixed into the soil assuming the presence of the soil, such as the coated carbide or the charcoal before the treatment, but the cultivation soil for plants, that is, Can be used for the purpose of soil itself.

【００３８】また、本実施形態による方法では、水分調
整材としておが粉等をそのまま用いる従来の有機性廃棄
物の分解処理方法と比べ、おが粉等を二次発酵（二次熟
成）させて分解消滅させる工程が不要となるため、その
分の期間及びスペースを省略することができることにな
る。このため、従来の分解処理期間の大半を占める二次
熟成（図２参照）のための期間、及び、二次熟成室４２
のスペースの省略によって、有機性廃棄物の分解処理及
びこのような分解処理を利用した植物用培土の製造を極
めて短期間（ほぼ１月間）で行うことができる上に、省
スペース化に伴う施設及び設備コスト等の削減により分
解処理コスト及び製造コストの低減化を図ることができ
ことになる。Further, in the method according to the present embodiment, the sawdust and the like are subjected to secondary fermentation (secondary ripening) as compared with the conventional organic waste decomposition treatment method using sawdust and the like as the moisture regulator. This eliminates the need for the step of eliminating the space, and the period and space for the step can be omitted. For this reason, the period for the secondary ripening (see FIG. 2) which occupies most of the conventional decomposition treatment period, and the secondary aging chamber 42
By omitting the space described above, the decomposition treatment of organic waste and the production of plant soil using such decomposition treatment can be performed in a very short period (approximately one month). In addition, it is possible to reduce the decomposition processing cost and the manufacturing cost by reducing the equipment cost and the like.

【００３９】＜他の実施形態＞なお、本発明は上記実施
形態に限定されるものではなく、その他種々の実施形態
を包含するものである。すなわち、上記実施形態では、
水分調整材として、もしくは、肥料成分を担持させる媒
体として被覆炭化物を用いているが、これに限らず、例
えば多孔質炭化物を用いてもよい。このような多孔質炭
化物としては、例えば廃木材等を原料として炭化処理す
ることにより得られる木炭等を用いればよい。この場合
においても、上記実施形態と同様に、有機性廃棄物の分
解処理期間の短縮化及びコスト低減化に加え、三大肥料
成分を吸着担持した植物用培土の製造が可能になる。<Other Embodiments> It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but includes various other embodiments. That is, in the above embodiment,
Although the coated carbide is used as a moisture adjusting material or as a medium for supporting the fertilizer component, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a porous carbide may be used. As such a porous carbide, for example, charcoal obtained by carbonizing waste wood or the like as a raw material may be used. Also in this case, similarly to the above-described embodiment, in addition to shortening the period for decomposing the organic waste and reducing the cost, it is possible to produce a plant culture soil that adsorbs and supports three major fertilizer components.

【００４０】[0040]

【発明の効果】以上説明したように、請求項１または請
求項２に記載の発明における有機性廃棄物の分解処理方
法によれば、分解処理する有機性廃棄物が高含水のもの
であっても、多孔質炭化物もしくは被覆炭化物がその有
機性廃棄物中の水分を効果的に吸水し、上記有機性廃棄
物を好気性微生物による好気性発酵分解に適した含水条
件に調整することができる上に、上記多孔質炭化物もし
くは被覆炭化物内の微細空隙により好気的環境の付与及
び好気性微生物の着床・繁殖の促進をも図ることがで
き、好気性微生物による有機性廃棄物の発酵分解をより
促進させることができる。As described above, according to the method for decomposing organic waste according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, the organic waste to be decomposed is high in water content. Also, the porous carbide or the coated carbide can effectively absorb water in the organic waste, and the organic waste can be adjusted to a water-containing condition suitable for aerobic fermentation decomposition by an aerobic microorganism. In addition, the aerobic environment can be imparted and the implantation and propagation of aerobic microorganisms can be promoted by the fine voids in the porous carbide or the coated carbide, and the fermentation and decomposition of organic waste by the aerobic microorganisms can be improved. More can be promoted.

【００４１】その上に、水分調整材としておが粉等の有
機質の粉粒体を用いた従来の場合と比べ、上記おが粉等
を分解消滅させるための二次熟成工程や二次熟成室を不
要にして、有機性廃棄物の分解処理期間の大幅な短縮
化、及び、分解処理コストの大幅な低減化を図ることが
できる。In addition, as compared with a conventional case using organic powders such as sawdust as a moisture adjusting material, a secondary aging step or a secondary aging chamber for eliminating the above-mentioned sawdust or the like is required. Can be eliminated, and the period for decomposing the organic waste can be significantly shortened, and the cost for the decomposition can be significantly reduced.

【００４２】加えて、分解処理後に生成される生成物を
植物用培土として有効利用することができるようにな
る。In addition, the product generated after the decomposition treatment can be effectively used as plant soil.

【００４３】また、請求項３または請求項４に記載の発
明における植物用培土の製造方法によれば、窒素成分を
本来有しない炭化物もしくは被覆炭化物にリン，窒素及
びカリウム等の各成分を吸着担持させることができる結
果、リン，窒素及びカリウム等の三大肥料成分の全てに
富んだ植物用培土を得ることができる。Further, according to the method for producing a plant soil according to the third or fourth aspect of the present invention, each component such as phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium is adsorbed and carried on a carbide or a coated carbide having no nitrogen component. As a result, it is possible to obtain a plant culture soil rich in all three major fertilizer components such as phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium.

【００４４】また、上記の肥料成分を吸着担持させる工
程において、担持媒体である多孔質炭化物もしくは被覆
炭化物の有する水分調整機能、好気的環境の付与機能、
及び、好気性微生物の着床・繁殖促進機能に基づき、植
物用培土の製造をより効率的に行うことができる。In the step of adsorbing and supporting the fertilizer component, the function of adjusting the water content of the porous or coated carbide as the supporting medium, the function of providing an aerobic environment,
In addition, based on the function of promoting the implantation and propagation of aerobic microorganisms, it is possible to more efficiently produce plant soil.

【００４５】特に、多孔質炭化物として被覆炭化物を用
いた場合には、保形性及び耐久性に優れた植物用培土を
得ることができる。In particular, when a coated carbide is used as the porous carbide, it is possible to obtain a plant soil having excellent shape retention and durability.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図１】本発明の実施形態を実行するための装置等を示
す模式図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an apparatus and the like for executing an embodiment of the present invention.

【図２】従来の有機性廃棄物の分解処理方法を実施する
ための装置等を示す模式図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an apparatus and the like for implementing a conventional organic waste decomposition treatment method.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

２ 発酵処理槽 ４ 熟成棟 2 Fermentation tank 4 Aging building

フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 ＦＩ Ｃ０５Ｆ 17/00 Ｃ０５Ｆ 17/00 (72)発明者 酒井 信一 長野県伊那市西箕輪7823番地３号 (72)発明者 嘉山 博 神奈川県横須賀市長井１丁目18番37号 有 限会社嘉山緑化産業内 (72)発明者 吉田 龍雲 愛知県江南市前野町西259番地 (72)発明者 西塚 栄 兵庫県宝塚市新明和町１番１号 新明和工 業株式会社環境システム事業部内 (72)発明者 高木 洋祐 兵庫県宝塚市新明和町１番１号 新明和工 業株式会社環境システム事業部内Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code FI C05F 17/00 C05F 17/00 (72) Inventor Shinichi Sakai 7823 Nishiminowa 3 Nishiminowa, Ina-shi, Nagano Prefecture (72) Inventor Hiroshi Kayama Kanagawa Prefecture 1-18-37 Nagai, Yokosuka-shi Limited company Kayama greening industry (72) Inventor Yosuke Takagi 1-1, Shinmeiwa-cho, Takarazuka-shi, Hyogo In-house Environmental Systems Division, Shinmeiwa Industry Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 有機性廃棄物に対し水分調整材を混合し
た後に、その混合物に対し好気性微生物を添加して加熱
することにより上記有機性廃棄物を好気性発酵分解させ
るようにした有機性廃棄物の分解処理方法において、 上記水分調整材として、片状、粒状もしくは粉状の多孔
質炭化物を用い、この多孔質炭化物により上記有機性廃
棄物の水分調整を行うようにすることを特徴とする有機
性廃棄物の分解処理方法。An organic waste obtained by mixing a water conditioning material with an organic waste, adding an aerobic microorganism to the mixture, and heating the mixture to aerobic fermentatively decompose the organic waste. In the method for decomposing a waste, a flaky, granular or powdery porous carbide is used as the moisture adjusting material, and the moisture of the organic waste is adjusted by the porous carbide. Organic waste decomposition method. 【請求項２】 請求項１において、 多孔質炭化物として、有機物に対し無機質粘結材を被覆
したものを焼成することにより得られる被覆炭化物を用
いることを特徴とする有機性廃棄物の分解処理方法。2. The method for decomposing organic waste according to claim 1, wherein a coated carbide obtained by firing an organic substance coated with an inorganic binder is used as the porous carbide. . 【請求項３】 片状、粒状もしくは粉状の多孔質炭化物
に対し有機性廃棄物を混合し、その混合物に対し好気性
微生物を添加して加熱することにより上記有機性廃棄物
を好気性発酵分解させ遊離した少なくともリン、窒素、
及び、カリウムの各成分を上記炭化物に吸着担持させる
ようにすることを特徴とする有機性廃棄物の分解処理に
よる植物用培土の製造方法。3. An aerobic fermentation of an organic waste by mixing an organic waste with a flaky, granular or powdery porous carbide, adding an aerobic microorganism to the mixture and heating the mixture. Decomposed and released at least phosphorus, nitrogen,
And a method for producing plant soil by decomposing organic waste, wherein each component of potassium is adsorbed and carried on the carbide. 【請求項４】 請求項３において、 多孔質炭化物として、片状、粒状もしくは粉状の有機物
に対し無機質粘結材を被覆したものを焼成することによ
り得られる被覆炭化物を用いることを特徴とする有機性
廃棄物の分解処理による植物用培土の製造方法。4. The method according to claim 3, wherein, as the porous carbide, a coated carbide obtained by firing a flake, granular or powdery organic substance coated with an inorganic binder is used. A method for producing plant soil by decomposing organic waste.
JP421998A 1998-01-12 1998-01-12 Decomposition treatment of organic waste and production of ridging for plant by decomposition treatment of organic waste Pending JPH11197635A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP421998A JPH11197635A (en) 1998-01-12 1998-01-12 Decomposition treatment of organic waste and production of ridging for plant by decomposition treatment of organic waste

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Publication Number Publication Date
JPH11197635A true JPH11197635A (en) 1999-07-27

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ID=11578508

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001191060A (en) * 1999-10-29 2001-07-17 Taiheiyo Cement Corp Fermenting processing device, device for manufacturing raw fuel for manufacturing cement, and cement plant
JP2001191059A (en) * 1999-11-02 2001-07-17 Taiheiyo Cement Corp Fermenting processing method and method for manufacturing cement
JP2009183819A (en) * 2008-02-04 2009-08-20 Tama Tlo Ltd Excreta treating material and excreta treating device equipped with the same
CN104368306A (en) * 2014-08-19 2015-02-25 上海玉垒环境生物技术有限公司 Preparation method of biochar-like matter used for heavy metal contaminated soil repair
JP2015146797A (en) * 2014-02-04 2015-08-20 彬令 大木 Raising seedling culture medium (bed soil) made of fully organic materials without sterilization using agricultural waste materials and excreta as main raw material, and manufacturing method of the same

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001191060A (en) * 1999-10-29 2001-07-17 Taiheiyo Cement Corp Fermenting processing device, device for manufacturing raw fuel for manufacturing cement, and cement plant
JP4642197B2 (en) * 1999-10-29 2011-03-02 太平洋セメント株式会社 Fermentation processing equipment, raw fuel production equipment for cement production, and cement production plant
JP2001191059A (en) * 1999-11-02 2001-07-17 Taiheiyo Cement Corp Fermenting processing method and method for manufacturing cement
JP2009183819A (en) * 2008-02-04 2009-08-20 Tama Tlo Ltd Excreta treating material and excreta treating device equipped with the same
JP2015146797A (en) * 2014-02-04 2015-08-20 彬令 大木 Raising seedling culture medium (bed soil) made of fully organic materials without sterilization using agricultural waste materials and excreta as main raw material, and manufacturing method of the same
CN104368306A (en) * 2014-08-19 2015-02-25 上海玉垒环境生物技术有限公司 Preparation method of biochar-like matter used for heavy metal contaminated soil repair
CN104368306B (en) * 2014-08-19 2016-08-17 上海玉垒环境生物技术有限公司 A kind of preparation method of the class charcoal repaired for heavy-metal contaminated soil

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