JPH11149851A - Current-limiting breaking device - Google Patents
Current-limiting breaking deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH11149851A JPH11149851A JP31370697A JP31370697A JPH11149851A JP H11149851 A JPH11149851 A JP H11149851A JP 31370697 A JP31370697 A JP 31370697A JP 31370697 A JP31370697 A JP 31370697A JP H11149851 A JPH11149851 A JP H11149851A
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- current
- electrode
- circuit
- vacuum valve
- capacitor
- Prior art date
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Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、高電圧・大電流の
電路に適用可能な限流遮断装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a current limiting circuit breaker applicable to a high-voltage and large-current circuit.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】電路に短絡や地絡事故が発生すると数十
ｋＡにも及ぶ事故電流が流れ、系統及び電力機器に大き
なダメージを与えてしまう。このような事故電流を瞬時
に検出し抑制する技術を限流技術と称し、これまで様々
な原理のものが開発されている。2. Description of the Related Art When a short circuit or a ground fault occurs in an electric circuit, a fault current of several tens of kA flows, which seriously damages a system and power equipment. A technique for instantaneously detecting and suppressing such a fault current is called a current limiting technique, and techniques based on various principles have been developed so far.
【０００３】図１０及び図１１は、その代表的な従来技
術である限流遮断装置の構成とその適用回路を示してい
る（特公昭５０−４８７６号公報）。図１０の適用回路
において、Ｅは３相電源、Ｒ及びＸは短絡回路に設けた
抵抗とインダクタンス、Ｂは遮断器、ＲＧは限流素子で
ある。FIGS. 10 and 11 show the structure of a typical current limiting device and a circuit to which the device is applied (Japanese Patent Publication No. 50-4876). In the application circuit of FIG. 10, E is a three-phase power supply, R and X are resistors and inductances provided in a short circuit, B is a circuit breaker, and RG is a current limiting element.
【０００４】この従来技術では、限流素子ＲＧとしてニ
オブカーバイドからなるＰＴＣ(Positive Temperature
Coefficient)抵抗体を用い、そのＰＴＣ特性を利用して
事故電流を限流するようになっている。ニオブカーバイ
ドは図１１に示すように温度上昇に対応して固有抵抗が
大きく変化するＰＴＣ特性を有している。したがって、
通常の電流値では限流素子ＲＧ温度は上昇せず低抵抗状
態を維持して回路に影響を与えない。In this prior art, a PTC (Positive Temperature) made of niobium carbide is used as the current limiting element RG.
A Coefficient resistor is used, and the PTC characteristic is used to limit the fault current. As shown in FIG. 11, niobium carbide has a PTC characteristic in which the specific resistance greatly changes in response to a rise in temperature. Therefore,
At a normal current value, the temperature of the current limiting element RG does not rise and the low-resistance state is maintained without affecting the circuit.
【０００５】しかし、回路に事故が発生して過大な電流
が流れると、限流素子ＲＧの固有抵抗が増大して回路電
流を減少させるように作用する。このような限流作用に
よって事故電流が大幅に抑制されることから、遮断器の
コンパクト化と過大な事故電流による系統へのダメージ
低減が可能となる。[0005] However, when an accident occurs in the circuit and an excessive current flows, the specific resistance of the current limiting element RG increases and acts to reduce the circuit current. Since the fault current is largely suppressed by such a current limiting action, it is possible to make the circuit breaker compact and reduce damage to the system due to an excessive fault current.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】以上のように、従来の
限流遮断装置では限流素子と遮断器との直列構成によ
り、短絡電流の如き急峻な立上りをもつ過電流に対し、
第１波から限流できる優れた特徴を有する反面、固有抵
抗の変化幅が比較的小さいため、以下のような問題があ
る。 (i) 限流素子に常時負荷電流が流れるので、通電容量が
制限される。すなわち、負荷電流に比例して限流素子温
度が上昇して限流を行なうため、回路動作や限流特性に
影響しない範囲で限流素子の定常温度（通電電流値）を
抑制する必要がある。 (ii)限流素子に常時負荷電流が流れるので、定常通電電
流によるジュール発熱（電力損失）が生じる。 (iii) 現状で実用可能な限流素子の常温下の固有抵抗変
化幅は、約１：１０が限度である。したがって、限流素
子が電源と負荷との間に直列に接続される構成では、適
用回路電圧に比例して限流効果が減少する。As described above, in the conventional current limiting circuit breaker, the overcurrent having a steep rising such as a short-circuit current can be prevented by the series configuration of the current limiting element and the circuit breaker.
Although it has an excellent feature of being able to limit the current from the first wave, it has the following problems due to a relatively small change width of the specific resistance. (i) Since the load current always flows through the current limiting element, the current carrying capacity is limited. That is, since the current limiting element temperature rises in proportion to the load current to perform the current limiting, it is necessary to suppress the steady-state temperature (conduction current value) of the current limiting element within a range that does not affect the circuit operation and the current limiting characteristics. . (ii) Since a load current always flows through the current limiting element, Joule heat (power loss) occurs due to a steady conduction current. (iii) The current-limiting element that can be practically used at present has a specific resistance change width at room temperature of about 1:10. Therefore, in a configuration in which the current limiting element is connected in series between the power supply and the load, the current limiting effect decreases in proportion to the applied circuit voltage.
【０００７】すなわち、限流時に必要な限流素子の限流
時抵抗値（Ｒm ）は、 Ｒm ＝Ｅ／Ｉm （Ω） …（１） である。ここで、Ｅ；回路電圧（Ｖ）、Ｉm ；限流電流
値（Ａ）である。このとき、無通電時の限流素子の定常
時抵抗値Ｒ0 は、Ｒm の１／１０であるから、Ｒ0 ＝Ｒ
m ／１０となる。よって、限流素子の連続通電電流許容
値（Ｉ）は、That is, the current limiting resistance (R m ) of the current limiting element required at the time of current limiting is as follows: R m = E / I m (Ω) (1) Here, E: circuit voltage (V), Im : current limiting current value (A). At this time, the steady-state resistance value R 0 of the current limiting element when no current is applied is 1/10 of R m , so that R 0 = R
m / 10. Therefore, the continuous conduction current allowable value (I) of the current limiting element is
【０００８】[0008]
【数１】 となる。ここに、α；限流素子の放熱係数（Ｗ／Ｋ）、
β；限流素子の抵抗温度係数、θｔ；限流素子の定常時
の許容温度上昇値（Ｋ）である。(Equation 1) Becomes Here, α: heat dissipation coefficient of the current limiting element (W / K),
β: temperature coefficient of resistance of the current limiting element, θt: allowable temperature rise value (K) of the current limiting element in a steady state.
【０００９】以上から、限流電流値Ｉm を一定とした場
合、回路電圧Ｅが高くなると限流時抵抗値Ｒm も大きな
値が必要となり、よって、定常時抵抗値Ｒ0 も大きくな
るという関係が分かる。[0009] From the above, when the limiting current value I m is constant, limiting upon the resistance value when the circuit voltage E increases R m also requires a large value, therefore, the steady state resistance value R 0 of the greater I understand the relationship.
【００１０】なお、限流素子の放熱係数α及び定常時許
容温度上昇値θｔは、限流素子の外形及び特性で決定さ
れる。α及びθｔを一定とすれば、定常時抵抗値Ｒ0 が
大きいほど、連続通電電流許容値Ｉが低くなる。The heat dissipation coefficient α of the current limiting element and the allowable temperature rise θt during steady state are determined by the external shape and characteristics of the current limiting element. Assuming that α and θt are constant, the larger the steady-state resistance value R 0, the lower the continuous conduction current allowable value I becomes.
【００１１】逆に、通電電流許容値Ｉを上げるように定
常時抵抗値Ｒ0 を低く設定すれば、限流時の必要抵抗値
Ｒm が定常時抵抗値Ｒ0 の１０倍程度しかないために、
回路電圧の上昇に従い、必然的に限流電流値Ｉm が大き
くなって限流効果を減少させる問題がある。Conversely, if the steady-state resistance R 0 is set low so as to increase the allowable current I, the required resistance R m at the time of current limiting is only about 10 times the steady-state resistance R 0. To
With the increase of the circuit voltage, inevitably it has a problem of reducing the limiting effect current limiting current value I m is increased.
【００１２】すなわち、高電圧回路への適用は、限流効
果を低減させる問題がある。同様に大電流回路への適用
は、限流効果を低減させる問題があり、且つジュール発
熱による定常損失を増大させる問題がある。That is, application to a high voltage circuit has a problem of reducing the current limiting effect. Similarly, application to a large current circuit has a problem of reducing the current limiting effect and a problem of increasing a steady loss due to Joule heat.
【００１３】また、これらの問題を回避する観点から、
限流素子の並列数や直列数を増やして１素子に係る定常
損失を低減させる方式が考えられる。しかしながら、こ
の方式は、余分な限流素子を設けるため、装置全体のサ
イズ及びコストを増大させる問題がある。From the viewpoint of avoiding these problems,
A method is considered in which the number of parallel current limiting elements and the number of series current limiting elements are increased to reduce the steady-state loss of one element. However, this method has a problem of increasing the size and cost of the entire apparatus because an extra current limiting element is provided.
【００１４】本発明は上記実情を考慮してなされたもの
で、大きな限流効果を得られ、限流素子による定常損失
を低減でき、高電圧・大電流回路に適用でき、コンパク
ト化並びに低コスト化を実現し得る限流遮断装置を提供
することを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, has a large current limiting effect, can reduce steady-state loss due to a current limiting element, can be applied to a high-voltage and large-current circuit, and can be reduced in size and cost. It is an object of the present invention to provide a current limiting device capable of realizing the current limiting.
【００１５】[0015]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の骨子は、三極式
の真空バルブと、ＬＣ直列共振回路とを用いて限流作用
を行ない、もって、定常損失を低減しつつ、大きな限流
効果を得ることにある。また、余分な限流素子を設け
ず、コンパクト化並びに低コスト化を図ることにある。The gist of the present invention is to perform a current limiting action by using a three-pole vacuum valve and an LC series resonance circuit, thereby reducing a steady loss and a large current limiting effect. Is to get Another object of the present invention is to reduce the size and cost without providing an extra current limiting element.
【００１６】さて、以上のような本発明の骨子に基づい
て具体的には以下のような手段が講じられる。請求項１
に対応する発明は、電源と負荷との間に直列に接続され
て用いられ、事故電流を限流して遮断するための限流遮
断装置であって、前記電源と負荷との間に接続される固
定電極と可動電極とを有し、さらに前記可動電極の近傍
に絶縁距離を有して配置された制御電極とを有する真空
バルブと、前記真空バルブの制御電極から前記固定電極
に至る消弧用閉回路内に設けられ、任意電圧に充電され
るコンデンサと、前記消弧用閉回路内で前記コンデンサ
に直列に接続された消弧用リアクトルとを備えた限流遮
断装置である。Now, based on the gist of the present invention as described above, the following means are specifically taken. Claim 1
The present invention relates to a current limiting device that is used in series between a power supply and a load and is used to limit and cut off an accident current, and is connected between the power supply and the load. A vacuum valve having a fixed electrode and a movable electrode, and further having a control electrode arranged with an insulating distance in the vicinity of the movable electrode, and for extinguishing an arc from the control electrode of the vacuum valve to the fixed electrode. A current limiting device including a capacitor provided in a closed circuit and charged to an arbitrary voltage, and an arc extinguishing reactor connected in series to the capacitor in the arc extinguishing closed circuit.
【００１７】また、請求項２に対応する発明は、電源と
負荷との間に直列に接続されて用いられ、事故電流を限
流して遮断するための限流遮断装置であって、前記電源
と負荷との間に接続される固定電極と可動電極とを有
し、さらに前記固定電極の近傍に絶縁距離を有して配置
された制御電極とを有する真空バルブと、前記真空バル
ブの制御電極から前記可動電極に至る消弧用閉回路内に
設けられ、任意電圧に充電されるコンデンサと、前記消
弧用閉回路内で前記コンデンサに直列に接続された消弧
用リアクトルとを備えた限流遮断装置である。According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a current limiting device which is used in series between a power source and a load to limit and cut off a fault current. A vacuum valve having a fixed electrode and a movable electrode connected between the load and a control electrode further disposed with an insulating distance in the vicinity of the fixed electrode, and a control electrode of the vacuum valve. A current limiter provided in an arc extinguishing closed circuit reaching the movable electrode and charged to an arbitrary voltage, and an arc extinguishing reactor connected in series to the capacitor in the arc extinguishing closed circuit. It is a blocking device.
【００１８】さらに、請求項３に対応する発明は、請求
項１又は請求項２に対応する限流遮断装置において、前
記真空バルブに設けられ、励磁により前記可動電極を前
記固定電極から離間させる方向に磁界を発生する電磁反
発コイルと、前記電磁反発コイルの一端から前記コンデ
ンサを介して前記電磁反発コイルの他端に至る離間用閉
回路内で前記コンデンサに直列に接続されたサイリスタ
スイッチと、前記離間用閉回路内で前記コンデンサに直
列に接続された離間用リアクトルと、前記電源と負荷と
の間を流れる電流を検出し、この検出結果が所定値を超
えると、瞬時に前記サイリスタスイッチを所定時間ター
ンオンさせる過電流検出器とを備えた限流遮断装置であ
る。According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the current limiting device according to the first or second aspect, a direction is provided in the vacuum valve to separate the movable electrode from the fixed electrode by excitation. An electromagnetic repulsion coil that generates a magnetic field, a thyristor switch connected in series to the capacitor in a closed closed circuit from one end of the electromagnetic repulsion coil to the other end of the electromagnetic repulsion coil via the capacitor, A separation reactor connected in series with the capacitor in the separation closed circuit, and a current flowing between the power supply and the load are detected, and when the detection result exceeds a predetermined value, the thyristor switch is instantaneously set to a predetermined value. And a current limiting device that is turned on for a time.
【００１９】また、請求項４に対応する発明は、請求項
１に対応する限流遮断装置において、前記真空バルブと
しては、開極状態で前記可動電極と前記制御電極とが機
械的に接触する限流遮断装置である。According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the current limiting device according to the first aspect, the movable electrode and the control electrode are in mechanical contact with each other when the vacuum valve is opened. It is a current limiting device.
【００２０】さらに、請求項５に対応する発明は、請求
項１に対応する限流遮断装置において、前記真空バルブ
としては、閉路状態から開極状態に移行するとき、前記
可動電極と前記制御電極とが一瞬接触してから離れる限
流遮断装置である。 （作用）従って、請求項１に対応する発明は以上のよう
な手段を講じたことにより、真空バルブの固定電極と可
動電極とが離間して両電極間にアークを生じたとき、こ
のアークによって真空中の絶縁度が低下し、例えばコン
デンサ→消弧用リアクトル→制御電極→可動電極→固定
電極→コンデンサという消弧用閉回路が形成され、コン
デンサからの放電電流がこの消弧用閉回路を流れる。Further, according to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the current limiting device according to the first aspect, when the vacuum valve shifts from a closed state to an open state, the movable electrode and the control electrode Is a current limiting device that momentarily contacts and then separates. (Operation) Therefore, the invention corresponding to claim 1 takes the above-described means. When the fixed electrode and the movable electrode of the vacuum valve are separated from each other and an arc is generated between the two electrodes, the arc causes this arc. The degree of insulation in vacuum decreases, for example, a closed circuit for extinguishing the capacitor → arcing reactor → control electrode → movable electrode → fixed electrode → capacitor is formed, and the discharge current from the capacitor causes this closed circuit for arc extinguishing. Flows.
【００２１】この放電電流は、コンデンサと消弧用リア
クトルとのＬＣ共振電流でもあり、事故時の短絡電流よ
りも波高値及び周波数が大きいため、固定電極と可動電
極との間を流れる電流に一瞬、電流ゼロ点を生じさせ、
もって、アークを消滅させる。This discharge current is also an LC resonance current between the capacitor and the arc-extinguishing reactor, and has a peak value and a frequency higher than the short-circuit current at the time of the accident, so that the current flowing between the fixed electrode and the movable electrode momentarily changes. , Causing a zero current,
Thus, the arc is extinguished.
【００２２】このように、真空バルブをオフ状態とした
後のコンデンサと消弧用リアクトルとの合成インピーダ
ンスによって大きな限流効果を得られ、また、真空バル
ブを基本素子とすることから限流素子による定常損失を
低減でき、高電圧・大電流回路に適用でき、さらに、余
分な限流素子を設けるという手法を用いないので、コン
パクト化並びに低コスト化を実現させることができる。As described above, a large current limiting effect can be obtained by the combined impedance of the capacitor and the arc-extinguishing reactor after the vacuum valve is turned off, and the current limiting element can be obtained by using the vacuum valve as a basic element. The steady loss can be reduced, the method can be applied to a high-voltage / high-current circuit, and further, since a method of providing an extra current limiting element is not used, downsizing and cost reduction can be realized.
【００２３】また、請求項２に対応する発明は、請求項
１に対応する発明に対し、固定電極と可動電極との配置
を相対的に逆にした変形構成であるため、請求項１に対
応する作用と同様の作用を奏することができる。The invention corresponding to claim 2 has a modified configuration in which the arrangement of the fixed electrode and the movable electrode is relatively reversed from the invention corresponding to claim 1, and therefore corresponds to claim 1. The same operation as the above operation can be achieved.
【００２４】さらに、請求項３に対応する発明は、過電
流検出器が、電源と負荷との間を流れる電流を検出し、
この検出結果が所定値を超えると、瞬時にサイリスタス
イッチを所定時間ターンオンさせ、サイリスタスイッチ
がオン状態になると、電磁反発コイルの一端からコンデ
ンサ及び離間用リアクトルを介して電磁反発コイルの他
端に至る離間用閉回路内でＬＣ共振電流が流れ、電磁反
発コイルが、このＬＣ共振電流による励磁により可動電
極を固定電極から離間させる方向に磁界を発生させ、可
動電極が固定電極から離間するので、請求項１又は請求
項２に対応する作用に加え、容易且つ迅速、確実に可動
電極と固定電極とを互いに離間させることができる。Further, according to a third aspect of the present invention, an overcurrent detector detects a current flowing between a power supply and a load,
When the detection result exceeds a predetermined value, the thyristor switch is turned on instantaneously for a predetermined time, and when the thyristor switch is turned on, it reaches from the one end of the electromagnetic repulsion coil to the other end of the electromagnetic repulsion coil via the capacitor and the separating reactor. Since the LC resonance current flows in the separation closed circuit, the electromagnetic repulsion coil generates a magnetic field in a direction to separate the movable electrode from the fixed electrode by excitation by the LC resonance current, and the movable electrode separates from the fixed electrode. In addition to the operation corresponding to the first or second aspect, the movable electrode and the fixed electrode can be easily, quickly, and reliably separated from each other.
【００２５】また、請求項４に対応する発明は、真空バ
ルブとしては、開極状態で可動電極と制御電極とが機械
的に接触するので、請求項１に対応する作用に加え、可
動電極が所定距離だけ固定電極から離れた時点でコンデ
ンサからの高周波電流を短絡電流に重畳させることがで
きる。According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, as the vacuum valve, the movable electrode and the control electrode come into mechanical contact with each other in the open state, so that in addition to the action of the first aspect, the movable electrode At a point away from the fixed electrode by a predetermined distance, the high-frequency current from the capacitor can be superimposed on the short-circuit current.
【００２６】さらに、請求項５に対応する発明は、真空
バルブとしては、閉路状態から開極状態に移行すると
き、可動電極と制御電極とが一瞬接触してから離れるの
で、請求項１に対応する作用に加え、可動電極と制御電
極との一瞬の接触によって短絡電流がコンデンサ側へ転
流し、固定電極と可動電極との間のアーク電流が遮断さ
れ、その後、制御電極と可動電極が解離すると転流した
短絡電流によって制御電極と可動電極間にアークが生じ
るが、回路電流の振動によって電流ゼロ点が生じるた
め、真空バルブを遮断状態とすることができる。Further, the invention corresponding to claim 5 is the vacuum valve according to claim 1, since the movable electrode and the control electrode are momentarily in contact with each other and then separated when the state changes from the closed state to the open state. In addition to the action, the short-circuit current is diverted to the capacitor side by the momentary contact between the movable electrode and the control electrode, the arc current between the fixed electrode and the movable electrode is interrupted, and then the control electrode and the movable electrode dissociate. An arc is generated between the control electrode and the movable electrode due to the commutated short-circuit current, but a current zero point is generated due to the oscillation of the circuit current, so that the vacuum valve can be shut off.
【００２７】[0027]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の各実施形態につい
て図面を参照して説明する。 （第１の実施形態）図１は本発明の第１の実施形態に係
る限流遮断装置を適用した大電流高電圧回路の構成を示
す模式図である。この回路は、電源１と負荷２との間に
遮断器３及び限流遮断装置が直流に接続されている。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. (First Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a large current high voltage circuit to which a current limiting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied. In this circuit, a circuit breaker 3 and a current limiting circuit breaker are connected to a direct current between a power source 1 and a load 2.
【００２８】ここで、電源１は、交流電源であり、例え
ばＡＣ６６００Ｖで５０Ｈｚ定格で内部インピーダンス
５％のものが使用される。なお、電源１は、交流電源に
限らず、直流電源としてもよい。Here, the power supply 1 is an AC power supply, for example, an AC power supply of 6600 V having a rating of 50 Hz and an internal impedance of 5% is used. The power supply 1 is not limited to an AC power supply, but may be a DC power supply.
【００２９】負荷２は、インピーダンス１１Ωの抵抗負
荷となっており、定常電流値は６００Ａとなるよう構成
されている。遮断器３は、限流遮断装置が事故電流を限
流遮断した後に回路を遮断するものであり、ここでは、
事故電流を２サイクルで遮断可能な真空遮断器となって
いる。The load 2 is a resistive load having an impedance of 11Ω, and has a steady current value of 600 A. The circuit breaker 3 cuts off the circuit after the current limiter cuts off the fault current.
It is a vacuum circuit breaker that can shut off the fault current in two cycles.
【００３０】限流遮断装置は、遮断器３と負荷２との間
に接続された真空バルブ４、この真空バルブ４をオンオ
フ駆動させるための過電流検出器５、この過電流検出器
５からの指令に基づいて真空バルブ４をオン駆動させる
ための制御ユニット６並びに操作機構７、過電流検出器
５からの指令に基づいて真空バルブ４をオフ駆動させる
ためのサイリスタスイッチ８を有して第１コンデンサＣ
１、第１リアクトルＬ１並びに電磁反発コイル９からな
る第１ＬＣ直列共振回路、真空バルブ４をオフ駆動させ
るための第２コンデンサＣ２並びに第２リアクトルＬ２
からなる第２ＬＣ直列共振回路、及びこれら第１並びに
第２コンデンサＣ１，Ｃ２を充電するための充電装置１
０を備えている。The current limiting circuit breaker includes a vacuum valve 4 connected between the circuit breaker 3 and the load 2, an overcurrent detector 5 for driving the vacuum valve 4 on and off, and an output from the overcurrent detector 5. A control unit 6 and an operating mechanism 7 for turning on the vacuum valve 4 based on a command; and a thyristor switch 8 for turning off the vacuum valve 4 based on a command from the overcurrent detector 5. Capacitor C
1, a first LC series resonance circuit comprising a first reactor L1 and an electromagnetic repulsion coil 9, a second capacitor C2 for turning off the vacuum valve 4 and a second reactor L2
LC series resonance circuit, and a charging device 1 for charging the first and second capacitors C1 and C2
0 is provided.
【００３１】過電流検出器５は、回路に生じる電流の絶
対値もしくはｄｉ／ｄｔ値から事故電流か否かを判別し
て検出する機能を有し、事故電流と判別したとき、瞬時
にサイリスタスイッチ８をターンオンさせると同時に、
制御ユニット６を介して操作機構を開極操作させる機能
をもっている。具体的には過電流検出器５は、波高値１
７００Ａ以上の回路電流を事故電流として判別し、瞬時
にオン指令をサイリスタスイッチ８に与えると同時にオ
フ指令を制御ユニット６に与えるものである。The overcurrent detector 5 has a function of determining whether or not an accident current is present from the absolute value or di / dt value of the current generated in the circuit. Turn 8 on and at the same time
It has a function of opening the operation mechanism via the control unit 6. Specifically, the overcurrent detector 5 has a peak value of 1
A circuit current of 700 A or more is determined as a fault current, and an ON command is instantaneously given to the thyristor switch 8 and an OFF command is given to the control unit 6 at the same time.
【００３２】真空バルブ４は、真空容器４ａ中に固定電
極４ｂと可動電極４ｃを対向配置し、且つ制御電極４ｄ
を可動電極４ｃの近傍に配置した３極式のものである。
具体的には真空バルブ４は、遮断器３及び第２コンデン
サＣ２に電気的に接続された固定電極４ｂと、この固定
電極４ｂに対向配置され、通電軸を介して負荷２に電気
的に接続された可動電極４ｃと、可動電極４ｃの通電軸
から所定間隔だけ離れて通電軸に対向配置され、第２リ
アクトルＬ２に電気的に接続された制御電極４ｄと、可
動電極４ｃの通電軸に固定されたショートリング１１
と、サイリスタスイッチ８及び第１リアクトルＬ１に電
気的に接続されて励磁によりショートリング１１に反発
磁界を与えて可動電極４ｃを固定電極４ｂから離間させ
る電磁反発コイル９と、ショートリング１１と操作機構
７との間に介在して設けられた絶縁フランジ１２とを備
えている。The vacuum valve 4 has a fixed electrode 4b and a movable electrode 4c opposed to each other in a vacuum vessel 4a, and a control electrode 4d.
Are arranged near the movable electrode 4c.
Specifically, the vacuum valve 4 is disposed opposite to the fixed electrode 4b electrically connected to the circuit breaker 3 and the second capacitor C2, and is electrically connected to the load 2 via a conducting shaft. Movable electrode 4c, a control electrode 4d disposed opposite to the current-carrying axis at a predetermined distance from the current-carrying axis of movable electrode 4c, and electrically connected to second reactor L2, and fixed to the current-carrying axis of movable electrode 4c. Short ring 11
An electromagnetic repulsion coil 9 electrically connected to the thyristor switch 8 and the first reactor L1 to apply a repulsive magnetic field to the short ring 11 by excitation to separate the movable electrode 4c from the fixed electrode 4b; 7 and an insulating flange 12 interposed therebetween.
【００３３】制御電極４ｄは、可動電極４ｃの通電軸近
傍に配置され、固定電極４ｂ及び可動電極４ｃが電流を
遮断した直後のアークの拡散により、真空容器４ａ内に
絶縁低下を生じたとき、通電軸を介して可動電極４ｃと
電気的に導通する電極である。The control electrode 4d is arranged in the vicinity of the current-carrying axis of the movable electrode 4c. When the insulation is reduced in the vacuum vessel 4a due to the diffusion of the arc immediately after the fixed electrode 4b and the movable electrode 4c interrupt the current, It is an electrode that is electrically connected to the movable electrode 4c via the conducting shaft.
【００３４】可動電極４ｃは、過電流検出器５からのオ
フ指令により電磁反発コイル９を流れるＬＣ共振電流に
よって、約５００μｓで４ｍｍ以上下方に押下げられて
開極するものであり、開極時には操作機構７の開極ラッ
チによって開状態で一旦保持される構成となっている。The movable electrode 4c is pushed down by 4 mm or more in about 500 μs by an LC resonance current flowing through the electromagnetic repulsion coil 9 in response to an off command from the overcurrent detector 5, and opens. It is configured to be temporarily held in the open state by the opening latch of the operation mechanism 7.
【００３５】サイリスタスイッチ８は、過電流検出器５
からオン指令を受けて所定時間オンするものであり、第
１ＬＣ直列共振回路を介して電磁反発コイル９に第１の
ＬＣ共振電流を供給するためのものである。The thyristor switch 8 is connected to the overcurrent detector 5
To turn on for a predetermined time in response to an ON command from the controller, and to supply a first LC resonance current to the electromagnetic repulsion coil 9 via the first LC series resonance circuit.
【００３６】電磁反発コイル９は、真空容器４ａに固設
され、サイリスタスイッチ８のターンオンによって、自
己のインダクタンス、リアクトルＬ１及びコンデンサＣ
１からなる閉回路に第１のＬＣ共振電流が流れたとき、
ショートリング１１に対し高周波の強磁界を印加するも
のである。なお、第１のＬＣ共振電流は、約４５００Ａ
波高値で約７００Ｈｚの周波数をもつ。The electromagnetic repulsion coil 9 is fixed to the vacuum vessel 4a, and turns on the thyristor switch 8 so that its own inductance, the reactor L1 and the capacitor C
When the first LC resonance current flows through the closed circuit consisting of
A high-frequency strong magnetic field is applied to the short ring 11. Note that the first LC resonance current is about 4500 A
It has a peak value of about 700 Hz.
【００３７】コンデンサＣ１は、電磁反発コイル９の駆
動用電源であり、常時充電装置１０に充電されており、
例えば５００μＦの静電容量を有し、充電電圧が約２０
００Ｖとなっている。The capacitor C1 is a power supply for driving the electromagnetic repulsion coil 9 and is always charged in the charging device 10.
For example, it has a capacitance of 500 μF and a charging voltage of about 20
00V.
【００３８】リアクトルＬ１は、コンデンサＣ１との共
振周波数を調整するためのものであり、例えば電磁反発
コイル９とリアクトルＬ１との合成インダクタンスを約
１００μＨとするためのリアクトルであって、所望によ
り回路の残留インダクタンスの調整で代用可能となって
いる。The reactor L1 is for adjusting the resonance frequency with the capacitor C1. For example, the reactor L1 is for adjusting the combined inductance of the electromagnetic repulsion coil 9 and the reactor L1 to about 100 μH. It can be substituted by adjusting the residual inductance.
【００３９】ショートリング１１は、高速に可動電極４
ｃを開極させるためのものであり、可動電極４ｃの通電
軸に強固に締結されて設けられ、電磁反発コイル９の発
生磁界を遮蔽するように電流を誘起して電磁反発コイル
９との間に反発力を生じる機能をもっている。The short ring 11 moves the movable electrode 4 at high speed.
c, which is provided to be firmly fastened to a current-carrying axis of the movable electrode 4c, and induces a current so as to shield a magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic repulsion coil 9 so as to cause a gap between the movable electrode 4c and the electromagnetic repulsion coil 9. It has a function to generate repulsion.
【００４０】絶縁フランジ１２は、可動電極４ｃと操作
機構７とを電気的に絶縁しつつ両者を機械的に結合する
ためのものである。操作機構７は、制御ユニット６から
受ける信号により、可動電極４ｃを駆動して真空バルブ
４のオン／オフ操作を実行するものであり、図示しない
開極ラッチによって開（オフ）状態で可動電極４ｃの通
電軸を保持する機能をもっている。The insulating flange 12 is used to electrically insulate the movable electrode 4c and the operating mechanism 7 while mechanically connecting them. The operating mechanism 7 drives the movable electrode 4c to perform an on / off operation of the vacuum valve 4 in response to a signal received from the control unit 6. The movable mechanism 4c is opened (off) by an opening latch (not shown). It has the function of holding the current-carrying axis.
【００４１】制御ユニット６は、通常操作における真空
バルブ４のオン／オフ指令に基づくオンオフ操作する機
能と、事故電流限流遮断後の再投入の際に、操作機構７
の開極ラッチ開放コイル（図示せず）を駆動して真空バ
ルブ４を閉（オン）操作可能に制御する機能とをもって
いる。The control unit 6 has a function of performing an on / off operation based on an on / off command of the vacuum valve 4 in a normal operation, and an operation mechanism 7 for re-inputting after the fault current limit interruption.
And a function of controlling the vacuum valve 4 so that it can be closed (turned on) by driving an opening latch release coil (not shown).
【００４２】一方、コンデンサＣ２は、真空バルブ４の
制御電極４ｄと固定電極４ｂとの間に第２のＬＣ共振電
流を重畳するためのものであり、１０００μＦの静電容
量を有し、充電装置によって約２０００Ｖの電圧に充電
されている。On the other hand, the capacitor C2 is for superimposing the second LC resonance current between the control electrode 4d and the fixed electrode 4b of the vacuum valve 4, has a capacitance of 1000 μF, and has Is charged to a voltage of about 2000V.
【００４３】リアクトルＬ２は、コンデンサＣ２との共
振周波数を調整するためのものであり、例えば約１０μ
Ｈのインダクタンス値を有しており、所望により回路の
残留インダクタンスの調整で代用可能となっている。The reactor L2 is for adjusting the resonance frequency with the capacitor C2.
It has an inductance value of H, and can be substituted by adjusting the residual inductance of the circuit if desired.
【００４４】第２ＬＣ直列共振回路は、両端が短絡され
ると、自己の閉回路を波高値２０ｋＡで１６００Ｈｚの
第２のＬＣ共振電流が流れるよう構成されている。充電
装置１０は、コンデンサＣ１，Ｃ２を夫々約２０００Ｖ
に充電するための装置であり、所望により、各コンデン
サＣ１，Ｃ２毎に個別に設けてもよい。The second LC series resonance circuit is configured such that when both ends are short-circuited, a second LC resonance current of 1600 Hz with a peak value of 20 kA flows through its own closed circuit. The charging device 10 connects the capacitors C1 and C2 to about 2000 V, respectively.
And may be provided individually for each of the capacitors C1 and C2 as desired.
【００４５】次に、以上のように構成された限流遮断装
置の動作を図２及び図３を用いて説明する。定常時、図
２（ａ）に示すように、真空バルブ４は可動電極４ｃと
固定電極４ｂとの間が接触通電状態にあり、限流遮断装
置のインピーダンスはほぼゼロとなって、図３に示すよ
うに、電源１から負荷２に６００Ａの定常負荷電流が供
給されている（時刻ｔ０）。ここで、負荷２に短絡自己
が発生し、大電流高電圧回路に短絡電流が流れる場合に
ついて述べる。負荷２に短絡事故が発生すると（時刻ｔ
１）、図３の破線で示すように、短絡電流は定格電流の
約２０倍の値（波高値１７ｋＡ）まで上昇しようとす
る。Next, the operation of the current limiting device having the above-described structure will be described with reference to FIGS. In a normal state, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), the vacuum valve 4 is in a contact energized state between the movable electrode 4c and the fixed electrode 4b, and the impedance of the current limiting device becomes almost zero. As shown, a steady load current of 600 A is supplied from the power supply 1 to the load 2 (time t0). Here, a case where a short circuit occurs in the load 2 and a short circuit current flows in the large current high voltage circuit will be described. When a short circuit accident occurs in the load 2 (time t
1) As shown by the broken line in FIG. 3, the short-circuit current tends to increase to a value approximately 20 times the rated current (peak value 17 kA).
【００４６】過電流検出器５は、短絡電流が１７００Ａ
まで上昇すると短絡電流を検知し、サイリスタスイッチ
８にオン指令を入力すると同時に制御ユニット６にオフ
指令を入力する（時刻ｔ２）。The overcurrent detector 5 has a short-circuit current of 1700 A
When the thyristor switch 8 rises, a short-circuit current is detected, and an ON command is input to the thyristor switch 8 and an OFF command is input to the control unit 6 at the same time (time t2).
【００４７】サイリスタスイッチ８はこのオン指令によ
りターンオンする。サイリスタスイッチ８のオン動作に
より、コンデンサＣ１からは電磁反発コイル９及びリア
クトルＬ１のインダクタンス値によって決定される第１
のＬＣ共振電流が電磁反発コイル９に流れ、この波高値
は４５００Ａ、周波数は７００Ｈｚである。この第１の
ＬＣ共振電流により、電磁反発コイル９は強磁界を発生
し、ショートリング１１に反発力が生じて可動電極４ｃ
の通電軸を５００μｓ以内に４ｍｍ以上下方に押し下げ
る。The thyristor switch 8 is turned on by this ON command. When the thyristor switch 8 is turned on, a first value determined by the inductance value of the electromagnetic repulsion coil 9 and the reactor L1 from the capacitor C1.
LC resonance current flows through the electromagnetic repulsion coil 9, the peak value is 4500A, and the frequency is 700Hz. Due to the first LC resonance current, the electromagnetic repulsion coil 9 generates a strong magnetic field, and a repulsive force is generated in the short ring 11 so that the movable electrode 4c
Is pressed down by 4 mm or more within 500 μs.
【００４８】その結果、真空バルブ４は開極し、可動電
極４ｃは操作機構７の開極ラッチにより所定位置に保持
される。このとき、固定電極４ｂと可動電極４ｃとの間
には、図２（ｂ）に示すように、電流遮断による主接点
アークが発生する。As a result, the vacuum valve 4 is opened, and the movable electrode 4c is held at a predetermined position by the opening latch of the operating mechanism 7. At this time, a main contact arc is generated between the fixed electrode 4b and the movable electrode 4c due to current interruption, as shown in FIG.
【００４９】この時点では、主接点（真空）アークのア
ーク電圧が低いことから、短絡電流はほとんど限流され
ず、図３に示すように、上昇を続ける。主接点アークの
発生による拡散蒸気によって、真空バルブ（真空容器）
内の絶縁耐圧が低下すると、コンデンサＣ２の電界によ
り制御電極４ｄと可動電極４ｃとの間の絶縁が破壊さ
れ、コンデンサＣ２からリアクトルＬ２、可動電極４ｃ
及び固定電極４ｂを通ってコンデンサＣ２に戻る放電回
路が形成される。At this time, since the arc voltage of the main contact (vacuum) arc is low, the short-circuit current is hardly limited, and continues to rise as shown in FIG. Vacuum valve (vacuum vessel) by diffusion steam generated by main contact arc
When the insulation withstand voltage in the inside decreases, the insulation between the control electrode 4d and the movable electrode 4c is broken by the electric field of the capacitor C2, and the reactor L2 and the movable electrode 4c
Then, a discharge circuit returning to the capacitor C2 through the fixed electrode 4b is formed.
【００５０】この放電回路にはリアクトルＬ２とコンデ
ンサＣ２により決定される、波高値２０ｋＡで１６００
Ｈｚの第２のＬＣ共振電流が流れると共に（時刻ｔ
３）、この第２のＬＣ共振電流は、図２（ｃ）及び図３
に示すように、固定電極４ｂと可動電極４ｃとの間に流
れる短絡電流に重畳される。This discharge circuit has a peak value of 20 kA and is determined by the reactor L2 and the capacitor C2.
Hz second LC resonance current flows (at time t
3), this second LC resonance current is obtained by comparing FIG.
As shown in (1), it is superimposed on the short-circuit current flowing between the fixed electrode 4b and the movable electrode 4c.
【００５１】このＬＣ共振電流の波高値は短絡電流より
も大きく且つその周波数も非常に高いことから、固定電
極４ｂと可動電極４ｃとの間に流れる電流の総和は、図
３に示すように、短時間の内にゼロとなるタイミング
（電流ゼロ点）が生じ（時刻ｔ４）、固定電極４ｂと可
動電極４ｃとの間のアークが遮断される。Since the peak value of the LC resonance current is larger than the short-circuit current and the frequency is very high, the sum of the current flowing between the fixed electrode 4b and the movable electrode 4c is, as shown in FIG. A timing (zero current point) at which the current becomes zero within a short time occurs (time t4), and the arc between the fixed electrode 4b and the movable electrode 4c is cut off.
【００５２】固定電極４ｂと可動電極４ｃとの間のアー
クの消滅により、短絡電流は、コンデンサＣ２側に転流
し、コンデンサＣ２及びリアクトルＬ２の合成インピー
ダンスによって限流されると同時に、制御電極４ｄ及び
可動電極４ｃを通って短絡事故点に流れ続ける。このと
き、制御電極４ｄと可動電極４ｃとの間には制御接点ア
ークが形成されるが、コンデンサＣ２とインダクタンス
Ｌ２及び図示しない系統インダクタンスによって決定さ
れる周波数の過渡振動によって電流ゼロ点を生じるた
め、制御接点アークは、時刻ｔ４直後に遮断される。With the disappearance of the arc between the fixed electrode 4b and the movable electrode 4c, the short-circuit current is diverted to the capacitor C2 side and is limited by the combined impedance of the capacitor C2 and the reactor L2, and at the same time, the control electrode 4d and the movable electrode It continues to flow to the short-circuit accident point through the electrode 4c. At this time, a control contact arc is formed between the control electrode 4d and the movable electrode 4c, but a current zero point is generated by transient vibration of a frequency determined by the capacitor C2, the inductance L2, and a system inductance (not shown). The control contact arc is interrupted immediately after time t4.
【００５３】これら一連の動作は、数百μｓ以内に完了
することから、短絡電流は最大値まで上昇することな
く、所定値に限流され遮断される。上述したように本実
施形態によれば、過電流検出器５が、電源１と負荷２と
の間を流れる電流を検出し、この検出結果が所定値を超
えると、瞬時にサイリスタスイッチ８を所定時間ターン
オンさせ、サイリスタスイッチ８がオン状態になると、
電磁反発コイル９の一端から第１コンデンサＣ１及び第
１リアクトルＬ１を介して電磁反発コイル９の他端に至
る離間用閉回路内でＬＣ共振電流が流れ、電磁反発コイ
ル９が、このＬＣ共振電流による励磁により可動電極４
ｃを固定電極４ｂから離間させる方向に磁界を発生さ
せ、可動電極４ｃが固定電極４ｂから離間するので、容
易且つ迅速、確実に可動電極４ｃと固定電極４ｂとを互
いに離間させることができる。Since a series of these operations is completed within several hundred μs, the short-circuit current is limited to a predetermined value and cut off without increasing to the maximum value. As described above, according to the present embodiment, the overcurrent detector 5 detects a current flowing between the power supply 1 and the load 2, and when the detection result exceeds a predetermined value, the thyristor switch 8 is instantaneously set to the predetermined value. When the thyristor switch 8 is turned on for a period of time,
An LC resonance current flows in a separation circuit from one end of the electromagnetic repulsion coil 9 to the other end of the electromagnetic repulsion coil 9 via the first capacitor C1 and the first reactor L1. The movable electrode 4
Since a magnetic field is generated in a direction to separate c from the fixed electrode 4b and the movable electrode 4c is separated from the fixed electrode 4b, the movable electrode 4c and the fixed electrode 4b can be easily and quickly and reliably separated from each other.
【００５４】また、真空バルブ４をオフ状態とした後の
第２コンデンサＣ２及び第２リアクトルＬ２の合成イン
ピーダンスによって大きな限流効果を得られ、さらに、
真空バルブ４を基本素子とすることから限流素子による
定常損失を低減でき、高電圧・大電流回路に適用でき、
さらにまた、余分な限流素子を設けるという手法を用い
ないので、コンパクト化並びに低コスト化を実現させる
ことができる。A large current limiting effect can be obtained by the combined impedance of the second capacitor C2 and the second reactor L2 after the vacuum valve 4 is turned off.
Since the vacuum valve 4 is used as a basic element, the steady-state loss due to the current limiting element can be reduced, and it can be applied to a high voltage and large current circuit.
Furthermore, since a method of providing an extra current limiting element is not used, downsizing and cost reduction can be realized.
【００５５】さらに、定常電流が真空バルブを流れるこ
とから通電損失や電圧降下をきたすことなく負荷への給
電を行なうことができる。すなわち、真空バルブ４を基
本素子としていることから、高電圧・大電流系統の限流
遮断装置として適用可能でかつ安価に提供することがで
きる。Further, since a steady current flows through the vacuum valve, power can be supplied to the load without causing power loss or voltage drop. That is, since the vacuum valve 4 is used as a basic element, it can be applied as a current limiting device for a high-voltage / large-current system and can be provided at low cost.
【００５６】また、事故電流を高速に検出し、事故電流
値が十分小さい間にコンデンサＣ２からの高周波電流を
事故電流に重畳させて事故電流を高速に限流遮断するこ
とができるため、系統の事故電流による電磁力や短時間
耐量を低く設計でき、もって、系統間の自由な連系や遮
断器、ケーブル等の電力機器のコンパクト化とコスト低
減を図ることができる。Further, the fault current can be detected at high speed, and while the fault current value is sufficiently small, the high-frequency current from the capacitor C2 can be superimposed on the fault current to cut off the fault current at high speed. The electromagnetic force due to the accident current and the short-time withstand capability can be designed to be low, so that it is possible to achieve free interconnection between systems and to reduce the size and cost of power devices such as circuit breakers and cables.
【００５７】また、交流回路に限らず、直流回路におい
ても同様の限流遮断動作が可能であり、広範な用途に適
用できる利点を有する。 （第２の実施形態）図４は本発明の第２の実施形態に係
る限流遮断装置が適用された大電流高電圧回路の構成を
示す模式図であり、図１と同一部分には同一符号を付し
てその詳しい説明は省略し、ここでは異なる部分につい
てのみ述べる。なお、以下の実施形態も同様にして重複
した説明を省略する。Further, not only the AC circuit but also a DC circuit can perform the same current limiting cutoff operation, which has an advantage that it can be applied to a wide range of applications. (Second Embodiment) FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a large current high voltage circuit to which a current limiting device according to a second embodiment of the present invention is applied. The reference numerals are used and the detailed description is omitted, and only different portions will be described here. In the following embodiments, the same description will not be repeated.
【００５８】すなわち、本実施形態は、図１におけるコ
ンデンサＣ１及びＣ２を１個に集約した構成である。先
の実施形態では、コンデンサＣ１，Ｃ２を各々充電し、
各々の回路に使用していたが、本実施形態では、１つの
コンデンサＣのみで電磁反発コイルを駆動して可動電極
を高速に開極した後、制御電極を介して高周波電流を短
絡電流に重畳させている。That is, this embodiment has a configuration in which the capacitors C1 and C2 in FIG. 1 are integrated into one. In the above embodiment, the capacitors C1 and C2 are charged respectively,
In this embodiment, each of the circuits is used. However, in this embodiment, the electromagnetic repulsion coil is driven by only one capacitor C to open the movable electrode at a high speed, and then the high-frequency current is superimposed on the short-circuit current via the control electrode. Let me.
【００５９】以上のような構成としても、第１の実施形
態と同様の効果に加え、回路の簡素化を図ることができ
る。 （第３の実施形態）図５は本発明の第３の実施形態に係
る限流遮断装置の真空バルブの構成を示す模式図であ
る。With the above configuration, in addition to the same effects as in the first embodiment, the circuit can be simplified. (Third Embodiment) FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a configuration of a vacuum valve of a current limiting device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
【００６０】本実施形態では、図１における真空バルブ
の制御電極をフローティング方式から有接触方式に変更
している。この方式では、過電流を検知して電磁反発コ
イル９を駆動し、真空バルブ４の可動電極４ｃを高速に
開極するまでは第１の実施形態と同様であるが、可動電
極４ｃの開極により、可動電極４ｃと制御電極４ｄとが
機械的に接触して電気導通を引き起こす点が相違する。In the present embodiment, the control electrode of the vacuum valve in FIG. 1 is changed from a floating type to a contact type. This method is the same as that of the first embodiment until the overcurrent is detected and the electromagnetic repulsion coil 9 is driven to open the movable electrode 4c of the vacuum valve 4 at high speed. Thus, the difference is that the movable electrode 4c and the control electrode 4d are in mechanical contact with each other to cause electrical conduction.
【００６１】この方式の利点は、制御電極４ｄと可動電
極４ｃとを接触させることにより、可動電極４ｃが所定
距離だけ固定電極４ｂから離れた時点でコンデンサＣ２
からの高周波電流を短絡電流に重畳できる点にある。The advantage of this method is that the control electrode 4d and the movable electrode 4c are brought into contact with each other so that when the movable electrode 4c is separated from the fixed electrode 4b by a predetermined distance, the capacitor C2
The point is that the high-frequency current from the device can be superposed on the short-circuit current.
【００６２】反面、限流された短絡電流を真空バルブ４
で遮断できなくなるので、限流された短絡電流の遮断に
は遮断器が不可欠となる。上述したように本実施形態に
よれば、第１の実施形態の効果に加え、真空バルブ４と
しては、開極状態で可動電極４ｃと制御電極４ｄとが機
械的に接触するので、可動電極４ｃが所定距離だけ固定
電極４ｂから離れた時点でコンデンサＣ２からの高周波
電流を短絡電流に重畳させることができる。 （第４の実施形態）図６は本発明の第４の実施形態に係
る限流遮断装置の真空バルブの構成を示す模式図であ
る。On the other hand, the limited short-circuit current is supplied to the vacuum valve 4.
Therefore, a circuit breaker is indispensable for interrupting the short-circuit current that has been limited. As described above, according to the present embodiment, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, the movable electrode 4c and the control electrode 4d are brought into mechanical contact with each other in the open state, so that the movable electrode 4c Is separated from the fixed electrode 4b by a predetermined distance, the high-frequency current from the capacitor C2 can be superimposed on the short-circuit current. (Fourth Embodiment) FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a vacuum valve of a current limiting device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
【００６３】本実施形態は、図６に示すように、真空バ
ルブ４内の可動電極４ｃが開極する過程で、一瞬、制御
電極４ｄと電気的に接触した後、解離する構造となって
いる。In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, in the process of opening the movable electrode 4c in the vacuum valve 4, the movable electrode 4c is momentarily electrically contacted with the control electrode 4d and then dissociated. .
【００６４】この方式の利点は、第３の実施形態とは異
なり、限流された短絡電流を遮断できる点にある。すな
わち、以上のような構造によれば、可動電極４ｃと制御
電極４ｄとの一瞬の接触によって短絡電流はコンデンサ
Ｃ２側へ転流し、固定電極４ｂと可動電極４ｃとの間の
アーク電流は遮断される。その後、制御電極４ｄと可動
電極４ｃが解離すると転流した短絡電流によって制御電
極４ｄと可動電極４ｃ間にアークが生じるが、回路電流
の振動によって電流ゼロ点が生じるため、真空バルブ４
は遮断状態となる。The advantage of this method is that, unlike the third embodiment, the limited short-circuit current can be cut off. That is, according to the above structure, the short-circuit current is diverted to the capacitor C2 by the momentary contact between the movable electrode 4c and the control electrode 4d, and the arc current between the fixed electrode 4b and the movable electrode 4c is cut off. You. Thereafter, when the control electrode 4d and the movable electrode 4c dissociate, an arc is generated between the control electrode 4d and the movable electrode 4c due to the commutated short-circuit current. However, the current zero point is generated due to the oscillation of the circuit current.
Is turned off.
【００６５】上述したように本実施形態によれば、第１
の実施形態の効果に加え、真空バルブ４としては、閉路
状態から開極状態に移行するとき、可動電極４ｃと制御
電極４ｄとが一瞬接触してから離れるので、可動電極４
ｃと制御電極４ｄとの一瞬の接触によって短絡電流がコ
ンデンサ側へ転流し、固定電極４ｂと可動電極４ｃとの
間のアーク電流が遮断され、制御電極４ｄと可動電極４
ｃが解離すると、制御電極４ｄと可動電極４ｃとの間に
アークが生じた後にこのアークが電流ゼロ点により消弧
されるため、真空バルブ４を遮断状態とすることができ
る。 （他の実施形態）なお、上記各実施形態は、可動電極４
ｃ側に制御電極４ｄを設けた場合について説明したが、
これに限らず、図７乃至図９に示すように、固定電極４
ｂ側に制御電極４ｄを設けた構成としても、本発明を同
様に実施して同様の効果を得ることができる。その他、
本発明はその要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々変形して実施
できる。As described above, according to the present embodiment, the first
In addition to the effects of the embodiment, when the vacuum valve 4 shifts from the closed state to the open state, the movable electrode 4c and the control electrode 4d momentarily contact and then separate from each other.
The short-circuit current is diverted to the capacitor side by the momentary contact between the control electrode 4d and the control electrode 4d, and the arc current between the fixed electrode 4b and the movable electrode 4c is cut off.
When c is dissociated, an arc is generated between the control electrode 4d and the movable electrode 4c and then this arc is extinguished by the zero current point, so that the vacuum valve 4 can be turned off. (Other Embodiments) In each of the above embodiments, the movable electrode 4
Although the case where the control electrode 4d is provided on the c side has been described,
The present invention is not limited to this, and as shown in FIGS.
Even when the control electrode 4d is provided on the b-side, the present invention can be implemented in the same manner and the same effect can be obtained. Others
The present invention can be implemented with various modifications without departing from the scope of the invention.
【００６６】[0066]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明によれば、大
きな限流効果を得られ、限流素子による定常損失を低減
でき、高電圧・大電流回路に適用でき、コンパクト化並
びに低コスト化を実現できる限流遮断装置を提供でき
る。As described above, according to the present invention, a large current limiting effect can be obtained, the steady loss due to the current limiting element can be reduced, the present invention can be applied to a high voltage and large current circuit, and the size and cost can be reduced. Can be provided.
【図１】本発明の第１の実施形態に係る限流遮断装置を
適用した大電流高電圧回路の構成を示す模式図FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a high-current high-voltage circuit to which a current limiting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied;
【図２】同実施形態における動作を説明するための模式
図FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining an operation in the embodiment.
【図３】同実施形態における動作を説明するためのタイ
ムチャートFIG. 3 is a time chart for explaining an operation in the embodiment.
【図４】本発明の第２の実施形態に係る限流遮断装置が
適用された大電流高電圧回路の構成を示す模式図FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a large current high voltage circuit to which a current limiting device according to a second embodiment of the present invention is applied.
【図５】本発明の第３の実施形態に係る限流遮断装置の
真空バルブ及びその周辺構成を示す模式図FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a vacuum valve of a current limiting device and its peripheral configuration according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
【図６】本発明の第４の実施形態に係る限流遮断装置の
真空バルブ及びその周辺構成を示す模式図FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a vacuum valve and its peripheral configuration of a current limiting device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
【図７】本発明に係る第１の実施形態の変形形態を示す
模式図FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a modification of the first embodiment according to the present invention.
【図８】同変形形態の動作を説明するための模式図FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram for explaining the operation of the modification.
【図９】本発明に係る第２の実施形態の変形形態を示す
模式図FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a modification of the second embodiment according to the present invention.
【図１０】従来の限流遮断装置の構成とその適用回路を
示す図FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration of a conventional current limiting device and an application circuit thereof.
【図１１】従来の限流素子の正温度係数特性を示す図FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a positive temperature coefficient characteristic of a conventional current limiting element.
１…電源 ２…負荷 ３…遮断器 ４…真空バルブ ４ａ…真空容器 ４ｂ…固定電極 ４ｃ…可動電極 ４ｄ…制御電極 ５…過電流検出器 ６…制御ユニット ７…操作機構 ８…サイリスタスイッチ ９…電磁反発コイル １０…充電装置 １１…ショートリング １２…絶縁フランジ Ｌ１，Ｌ２…リアクトル Ｃ１，Ｃ２，Ｃ…コンデンサ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Power supply 2 ... Load 3 ... Circuit breaker 4 ... Vacuum valve 4a ... Vacuum container 4b ... Fixed electrode 4c ... Movable electrode 4d ... Control electrode 5 ... Overcurrent detector 6 ... Control unit 7 ... Operating mechanism 8 ... Thyristor switch 9 ... Electromagnetic repulsion coil 10 ... Charging device 11 ... Short ring 12 ... Insulating flange L1, L2 ... Reactor C1, C2, C ... Capacitor
Claims (5)
いられ、事故電流を限流して遮断するための限流遮断装
置であって、 前記電源と負荷との間に接続される固定電極と可動電極
とを有し、さらに前記可動電極の近傍に絶縁距離を有し
て配置された制御電極とを有する真空バルブと、 前記真空バルブの制御電極から前記固定電極に至る消弧
用閉回路内に設けられ、任意電圧に充電されるコンデン
サと、 前記消弧用閉回路内で前記コンデンサに直列に接続され
た消弧用リアクトルとを備えたことを特徴とする限流遮
断装置。1. A current limiting device that is used in series between a power source and a load to limit and cut off a fault current, wherein the fixed current limiter is connected between the power source and the load. A vacuum valve having an electrode and a movable electrode, and further having a control electrode disposed with an insulating distance in the vicinity of the movable electrode; and an arc-extinguishing closure from the control electrode of the vacuum valve to the fixed electrode. A current limiting circuit device comprising: a capacitor provided in a circuit and charged to an arbitrary voltage; and an arc-extinguishing reactor connected in series with the capacitor in the arc-extinguishing closed circuit.
いられ、事故電流を限流して遮断するための限流遮断装
置であって、 前記電源と負荷との間に接続される固定電極と可動電極
とを有し、さらに前記固定電極の近傍に絶縁距離を有し
て配置された制御電極とを有する真空バルブと、 前記真空バルブの制御電極から前記可動電極に至る消弧
用閉回路内に設けられ、任意電圧に充電されるコンデン
サと、 前記消弧用閉回路内で前記コンデンサに直列に接続され
た消弧用リアクトルとを備えたことを特徴とする限流遮
断装置。2. A current limiting device, which is used in series between a power source and a load, and limits and interrupts fault current, wherein the fixed current source is connected between the power source and the load. A vacuum valve having an electrode and a movable electrode, and further having a control electrode disposed with an insulating distance in the vicinity of the fixed electrode; and an arc-extinguishing closure from the control electrode of the vacuum valve to the movable electrode. A current limiting circuit device comprising: a capacitor provided in a circuit and charged to an arbitrary voltage; and an arc-extinguishing reactor connected in series with the capacitor in the arc-extinguishing closed circuit.
装置において、 前記真空バルブに設けられ、励磁により前記可動電極を
前記固定電極から離間させる方向に磁界を発生する電磁
反発コイルと、 前記電磁反発コイルの一端から前記コンデンサを介して
前記電磁反発コイルの他端に至る離間用閉回路内で前記
コンデンサに直列に接続されたサイリスタスイッチと、 前記離間用閉回路内で前記コンデンサに直列に接続され
た離間用リアクトルと、 前記電源と負荷との間を流れる電流を検出し、この検出
結果が所定値を超えると、瞬時に前記サイリスタスイッ
チを所定時間ターンオンさせる過電流検出器とを備えた
ことを特徴とする限流遮断装置。3. The current-limiting circuit device according to claim 1, wherein the current limiting device is provided in the vacuum valve and generates a magnetic field in a direction in which the movable electrode is separated from the fixed electrode by excitation. A thyristor switch connected in series to the capacitor in a separation closed circuit from one end of the electromagnetic repulsion coil to the other end of the electromagnetic repulsion coil via the capacitor, and the capacitor in the separation closed circuit. A separation reactor connected in series, and a current flowing between the power supply and the load, and an overcurrent detector that turns on the thyristor switch for a predetermined time instantly when the detection result exceeds a predetermined value. A current limiting device, comprising:
て、 前記真空バルブは、開極状態で前記可動電極と前記制御
電極とが機械的に接触することを特徴とする限流遮断装
置。4. The current-limiting device according to claim 1, wherein the movable electrode and the control electrode are in mechanical contact with each other in an open state of the vacuum valve.
て、 前記真空バルブは、閉路状態から開極状態に移行すると
き、前記可動電極と前記制御電極とが一瞬接触してから
離れることを特徴とする限流遮断装置。5. The current-limiting circuit device according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum valve is configured to make a momentary contact between the movable electrode and the control electrode when the vacuum valve shifts from a closed state to an open state. Characterized by a current limiting device.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31370697A JPH11149851A (en) | 1997-11-14 | 1997-11-14 | Current-limiting breaking device |
| US09/069,164 US6097246A (en) | 1997-04-30 | 1998-04-29 | Current limiting breaking device using electromagnetic repulsion coil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31370697A JPH11149851A (en) | 1997-11-14 | 1997-11-14 | Current-limiting breaking device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11149851A true JPH11149851A (en) | 1999-06-02 |
Family
ID=18044546
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31370697A Pending JPH11149851A (en) | 1997-04-30 | 1997-11-14 | Current-limiting breaking device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH11149851A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006079860A (en) * | 2004-09-07 | 2006-03-23 | Toshiba Corp | Control circuit of vacuum circuit breaker |
| CN109188251A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-11 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | A kind of fault current limiter hookup and control method |
-
1997
- 1997-11-14 JP JP31370697A patent/JPH11149851A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006079860A (en) * | 2004-09-07 | 2006-03-23 | Toshiba Corp | Control circuit of vacuum circuit breaker |
| CN109188251A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-11 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | A kind of fault current limiter hookup and control method |
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