JPH1113780A - Uniform universal coupling - Google Patents
Uniform universal couplingInfo
- Publication number
- JPH1113780A JPH1113780A JP9187276A JP18727697A JPH1113780A JP H1113780 A JPH1113780 A JP H1113780A JP 9187276 A JP9187276 A JP 9187276A JP 18727697 A JP18727697 A JP 18727697A JP H1113780 A JPH1113780 A JP H1113780A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- inner member
- outer member
- ball
- ball groove
- groove
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
- F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
- F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
- F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
- F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
- F16D3/2237—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts where the grooves are composed of radii and adjoining straight lines, i.e. undercut free [UF] type joints
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2250/00—Manufacturing; Assembly
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2250/00—Manufacturing; Assembly
- F16D2250/003—Chip removing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2250/00—Manufacturing; Assembly
- F16D2250/0038—Surface treatment
- F16D2250/0053—Hardening
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2300/00—Special features for couplings or clutches
- F16D2300/10—Surface characteristics; Details related to material surfaces
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は等速自在継手に関
し、特に、自動車等に使用される加工精度の高い等速自
在継手に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a constant velocity universal joint and, more particularly, to a constant velocity universal joint having high processing accuracy used for automobiles and the like.
【0002】互いに角度をなす自動車の駆動軸から被駆
動軸へと、動力を伝達する場合において、両軸間に速度
差を生じさせることなく等速で両軸が回転するよう、両
軸を連結する等速自在継手が知られている。[0002] When power is transmitted from a drive shaft of an automobile at an angle to a driven shaft, the two shafts are connected so that the two shafts rotate at a constant speed without causing a speed difference between the two shafts. Constant velocity universal joints are known.
【0003】等速自在継手は、ベル状のアウター部材
と、瘤状のインナー部材との間に複数個のボールを保持
するケージを介在させ、各ボールを前記インナー部材と
前記アウター部材との対向面に設けられた円弧状に延び
るボール溝に係合させてなる。In a constant velocity universal joint, a cage for holding a plurality of balls is interposed between a bell-shaped outer member and a knob-shaped inner member, and each ball is opposed to the inner member and the outer member. It is engaged with an arc-shaped ball groove provided on the surface.
【0004】ここで、上記等速自在継手の他にも、前記
アウター部材と前記インナー部材の対向面に設けられ
た、先端側の略半部において軸線方向に略沿って直状の
溝底を有すると共に根部側の略半部において内径球面と
外径球面とに略沿った溝底を有するボール溝にボールを
係合させた、いわゆるアンダーカットフリータイプの等
速自在継手と呼ばれるものがある。かかるアンダーカッ
トフリータイプの等速自在継手によれば、鍛造等の冷間
加工が容易であり、その製造コストを低く抑えることが
できる。[0004] In addition to the above-mentioned constant velocity universal joint, a straight groove bottom is provided substantially in the axial direction at a substantially half portion on the distal end side provided on a surface facing the outer member and the inner member. There is a so-called undercut-free type constant velocity universal joint in which a ball is engaged in a ball groove having a groove bottom substantially along the inner spherical surface and the outer spherical surface in a substantially half portion on the root side. According to such an undercut-free type constant velocity universal joint, cold working such as forging is easy, and the manufacturing cost can be kept low.
【0005】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、従来技術に
よるアンダーカットフリータイプの等速自在継手は、鍛
造により形成されているために、特に、アウター部材の
ボール溝の加工精度が低下し、寸法のバラツキが生じ
る。かかる加工精度は、加工後の熱処理により更に低下
することとなる。このようにボール溝の寸法にばらつき
が生じると、等速自在継手の動作中にボールのがたつき
や振動等を招来する恐れがある。The undercut free type constant velocity universal joint according to the prior art is formed by forging, so that the machining accuracy of the ball groove of the outer member is reduced, and Variations occur. Such processing accuracy is further reduced by heat treatment after processing. If the dimensions of the ball grooves vary in this way, the rattling or vibration of the ball may occur during the operation of the constant velocity universal joint.
【0006】そこで、かかる不具合を防止すべく、等速
自在継手の組立中に、アウター部材のボール溝寸法を測
定し、かかる寸法に合わせて、インナー部材を選択する
というように、手間のかかる作業が必要とされた。更
に、組立後において、等速自在継手の動作についても確
認テストが必要とされていた。Therefore, in order to prevent such a problem, during the assembly of the constant velocity universal joint, the size of the ball groove of the outer member is measured, and an inner member is selected in accordance with the measured size. Was needed. Further, after the assembly, a confirmation test is required for the operation of the constant velocity universal joint.
【0007】かかる問題点に鑑み、本発明は、より高い
寸法精度を有する等速自在継手を提供することを目的と
する。[0007] In view of such a problem, an object of the present invention is to provide a constant velocity universal joint having higher dimensional accuracy.
【0008】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】上述の目的を達成すべ
く、本発明にかかる等速自在継手は、インナー部材とア
ウター部材との間に複数個のボールを保持するケージを
介在させ、各ボールを前記アウター部材と前記インナー
部材の対向面に設けられた、先端側の略半部において軸
線方向に略沿って直状の溝底を有すると共に根部側の略
半部において内径球面と外径球面とに略沿った溝底を有
するボール溝に係合させた等速自在継手において、前記
インナー部材及び前記アウター部材の少なくとも一方に
おけるボール溝が、熱処理後の研削仕上げにより加工さ
れている。In order to achieve the above object, a constant velocity universal joint according to the present invention has a cage for holding a plurality of balls interposed between an inner member and an outer member. The outer member and the inner member are provided on opposing surfaces, and have a straight groove bottom substantially in the axial direction in a substantially half portion on the distal end side, and an inner spherical surface and an outer spherical surface in a substantially half portion on the root side. In a constant velocity universal joint engaged with a ball groove having a groove bottom substantially along the line, the ball groove in at least one of the inner member and the outer member is processed by grinding after heat treatment.
【0009】[0009]
【作用】本発明にかかる等速自在継手によれば、前記イ
ンナー部材及び前記アウター部材の少なくとも一方にお
けるボール溝が、熱処理後の研削仕上げにより加工され
ているので、ボール溝の寸法精度をより向上させること
ができる。According to the constant velocity universal joint of the present invention, the ball groove in at least one of the inner member and the outer member is processed by grinding after heat treatment, so that the dimensional accuracy of the ball groove is further improved. Can be done.
【0010】鍛造等の塑性加工において、精度が悪いと
等速自在継手の機能に影響を与える寸法は、 (1)ボール溝半径(ボール径曲率に対する溝曲率の割
合) (2)PCD(ピッチ円直径) (3)オフセット量である。[0010] In plastic working such as forging, if the accuracy is poor, the dimensions that affect the function of the constant velocity universal joint are as follows: (1) Ball groove radius (ratio of groove curvature to ball diameter curvature) (2) PCD (pitch circle) (Diameter) (3) Offset amount.
【0011】ここで、ボール溝半径の寸法精度が悪い
と、等速自在継手の耐久性が低下する恐れがあり、PC
Dがばらつくと、ボールと内輪との選択嵌合が必要にな
るため、組立性が低下し、オフセット量の寸法精度が悪
いと、等速自在継手の等速性・耐久性が低下する恐れが
ある。If the dimensional accuracy of the radius of the ball groove is poor, the durability of the constant velocity universal joint may be reduced.
If D varies, it becomes necessary to selectively fit the ball and the inner ring, so that the assemblability decreases, and if the dimensional accuracy of the offset amount is poor, the constant velocity / durability of the constant velocity universal joint may decrease. is there.
【0012】即ち、本発明においては、ボール溝を研削
加工することにより、かかる寸法を精度良く仕上げ、そ
れにより等速自在継手の上述した機能を確保することが
できる。That is, in the present invention, by grinding the ball grooves, such dimensions can be finished with high accuracy, and the above-mentioned function of the constant velocity universal joint can be secured.
【0013】[0013]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明による実施の形態を
図面を参照して詳細に説明する。図1は、本実施の態様
にかかる等速自在継手の断面図である。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a constant velocity universal joint according to the present embodiment.
【0014】図1において、本実施の形態にかかる等速
自在継手は、アウター部材1と、インナー部材2と、両
部材間に配置されたボール3と、ボール3を保持するケ
ージ4とからなる。In FIG. 1, the constant velocity universal joint according to the present embodiment comprises an outer member 1, an inner member 2, a ball 3 arranged between the two members, and a cage 4 for holding the ball 3. .
【0015】駆動軸であるステム7に連結されたアウタ
ー部材1は、ベル状の形状を有している。アウター部材
1の内周には、放射状に延在する、先端側の略半部にお
いて軸線方向に略沿って直状の溝底を有すると共に根部
側の略半部において内径球面に略沿った溝底を有する溝
5が形成されている。アウター部材1内には、被駆動軸
(二点鎖線)に連結される部分球状のインナー部材2が
配置されている。インナー部材2の外周には、アウター
部材1の溝5に対応して、先端側の略半部において軸線
方向に略沿って直状の溝底を有すると共に根部側の略半
部において外径球面に略沿った溝底を有する溝6が形成
されている。The outer member 1 connected to the stem 7 as a drive shaft has a bell shape. On the inner periphery of the outer member 1, a radially extending groove having a straight groove bottom substantially in the axial direction in a substantially half portion on the distal end side and a groove substantially along the inner diameter spherical surface in a substantially half portion on the root side. A groove 5 having a bottom is formed. Inside the outer member 1, a partially spherical inner member 2 connected to a driven shaft (two-dot chain line) is arranged. The outer periphery of the inner member 2 has a straight groove bottom substantially along the axial direction at a substantially half portion on the distal end side corresponding to the groove 5 of the outer member 1, and has an outer spherical surface at a substantially half portion on the root side. A groove 6 having a groove bottom substantially along the line is formed.
【0016】アウター部材1の溝5とインナー部材2の
溝6との間に、両溝間を転動自在にボール3が配置され
ている。ボール3は、ケージ4に保持されているが、ケ
ージ4の内周面4aは、インナー部材2の凸球面2aに
面接触し、ケージ4の外周面4bは、アウター部材1の
凹球面1aに面接触するようになっている。The ball 3 is arranged between the groove 5 of the outer member 1 and the groove 6 of the inner member 2 so as to roll freely between the two grooves. Although the ball 3 is held by the cage 4, the inner peripheral surface 4 a of the cage 4 comes into surface contact with the convex spherical surface 2 a of the inner member 2, and the outer peripheral surface 4 b of the cage 4 contacts the concave spherical surface 1 a of the outer member 1. It comes into surface contact.
【0017】なお、インナー部材2の凸球面2aの中心
を点Aとし、アウター部材1の凹球面1aの中心を点B
とすれば、オフセット量は、点Aと点Bとの間の距離に
なる。The center of the convex spherical surface 2a of the inner member 2 is defined as a point A, and the center of the concave spherical surface 1a of the outer member 1 is defined as a point B.
Then, the offset amount is the distance between the point A and the point B.
【0018】本実施の形態にかかる等速自在継手を製造
する際には、まず素材から鍛造加工し、焼き入れ等の熱
処理後を経て、アウター部材1とインナー部材1とを形
成する。ここで、アウター部材1のボール溝5は、更に
研削仕上げ加工を施される。なお、かかる場合の寸法精
度は、ボール溝半径が51〜55%、PCDは設計値に
対し±0.02mm以下、オフセット量は設計値に対し
±0.03mm以下となる。When manufacturing the constant velocity universal joint according to the present embodiment, the outer member 1 and the inner member 1 are first formed by forging from a raw material, and after heat treatment such as quenching. Here, the ball groove 5 of the outer member 1 is further subjected to grinding finish processing. In this case, the dimensional accuracy is such that the ball groove radius is 51 to 55%, the PCD is ± 0.02 mm or less with respect to the design value, and the offset amount is ± 0.03 mm or less with respect to the design value.
【0019】一方、インナー部材2は製造コストを大幅
に上昇させないよう鍛造加工のままとし、ボール溝6の
寸法を測定することにより、寸法に応じて3グループ程
度に区分けする。アウター部材1のボール溝5は、イン
ナー部材2の各グループにおけるボール溝6の寸法に対
して、研削加工により精度良く寸法を予め合わせること
ができる。即ち、溝寸法に関わらず製造されたインナー
部材は必ず使用され、よって保管すべき部品は少なくて
足りる。On the other hand, the inner member 2 is forged so as not to significantly increase the manufacturing cost, and the dimensions of the ball grooves 6 are measured to thereby divide them into about three groups according to the dimensions. The dimensions of the ball grooves 5 of the outer member 1 can be precisely adjusted in advance by grinding to the dimensions of the ball grooves 6 in each group of the inner member 2. That is, the manufactured inner member is always used regardless of the groove size, and therefore, the number of parts to be stored is small.
【0020】これに対し、従来技術のごとくアウター部
材1,インナー部材2共に鍛造仕上げとすると、組立作
業中に、インナー部材2より精度が悪いアウター部材1
のボール溝5の寸法を測定し、これに合わせた寸法のボ
ール溝6を有するインナー部材2を選択して組み合わせ
る必要がある。そこで、アウター部材1の溝寸法に応じ
て4グループ程度に区分けされたインナー部材2を常に
用意する必要がある。ところが、アウター部材の溝寸法
は均等にばらつくとは限らず、長期間使用されないイン
ナー部材のグループもありえる。即ち、本実施の形態に
よれば、保管すべき部品の点数を、従来技術に比べて1
/5程度に減少させることができる。On the other hand, if both the outer member 1 and the inner member 2 are forged, as in the prior art, the outer member 1 is less accurate than the inner member 2 during assembly.
It is necessary to measure the dimensions of the ball groove 5 and select and combine the inner member 2 having the ball groove 6 of the dimension corresponding to the dimension. Therefore, it is necessary to always prepare the inner member 2 divided into about four groups according to the groove size of the outer member 1. However, the groove dimensions of the outer member do not always vary uniformly, and there may be a group of inner members that are not used for a long time. That is, according to the present embodiment, the number of parts to be stored is reduced by one in comparison with the prior art.
/ 5.
【0021】更に、本実施の形態によれば、研削仕上げ
によりボール溝の精度が向上するので、従来行っていた
組立後の機能(例えば自在継手の等速性)の検査を省略
又は簡略化することができる。Further, according to the present embodiment, since the accuracy of the ball groove is improved by the grinding finish, the inspection of the function after assembly (for example, the uniform velocity of the universal joint), which has been conventionally performed, is omitted or simplified. be able to.
【0022】なお、アウター部材のステムは動作時に応
力が高くなり、従って強度を最も考慮すべき部分と言え
るため、本来ならアウター部材の素材として高炭素鋼を
用い、これに高周波焼き入れを施したいところではある
が、高炭素鋼を用いると塑性加工性が悪化し、熱処理後
の変形も大きくなってしまう。そこで、従来技術におい
ては、鍛造加工により形成されるアウター部材の素材と
しては、浸炭材が用いられることが一般的であった。し
かしながら、本実施の形態のように、ボール溝を研削加
工により形成するのであれば、アウター部材の素材とし
て、強度的に有利な高炭素鋼を用いることができ、それ
により等速自在継手の信頼性をより向上させることがで
きる。The stress of the stem of the outer member increases during operation, and therefore, it can be said that the strength of the stem should be considered most. Therefore, high carbon steel is originally used as the material of the outer member, and it is desired to perform induction hardening on the material. However, when high carbon steel is used, plastic workability deteriorates and deformation after heat treatment also increases. Therefore, in the prior art, a carburizing material is generally used as a material of the outer member formed by forging. However, if the ball groove is formed by grinding as in the present embodiment, high carbon steel, which is advantageous in strength, can be used as the material of the outer member. Properties can be further improved.
【0023】以上、本発明を実施の態様を参照して説明
してきたが、本発明は上記実施の態様に限定して解釈さ
れるべきではなく、適宜変更・改良が可能であることは
もちろんである。例えば、ボール溝は、アウター部材で
なくインナー部材のものが研削加工されて良く、双方の
ボール溝が研削加工されても良い。As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments. However, the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the above embodiments, and it is needless to say that modifications and improvements can be made as appropriate. is there. For example, the ball grooves may be formed by grinding the inner member instead of the outer member, and both ball grooves may be ground.
【0024】[0024]
【発明の効果】本発明の等速自在継手によれば、インナ
ー部材及びアウター部材の少なくとも一方におけるボー
ル溝が、熱処理後の研削仕上げにより加工されているの
で、ボール溝の寸法精度をより向上させることができ
る。According to the constant velocity universal joint of the present invention, the ball groove in at least one of the inner member and the outer member is processed by grinding after heat treatment, so that the dimensional accuracy of the ball groove is further improved. be able to.
【図1】本実施の形態にかかる等速自在継手の断面図で
ある。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a constant velocity universal joint according to an embodiment.
1‥‥アウター部材 2‥‥インナー部材 3‥‥ボール 4‥‥ケージ 5‥‥アウター部材のボール溝 6‥‥インナー部材のボール溝 7‥‥アウター部材のステム 1 outer member 2 inner member 3 ball 4 cage 5 ball groove of outer member 6 ball groove of inner member 7 stem of outer member
Claims (1)
数個のボールを保持するケージを介在させ、各ボールを
前記アウター部材と前記インナー部材の対向面に設けら
れた、先端側の略半部において軸線方向に略沿って直状
の溝底を有すると共に根部側の略半部において内径球面
と外径球面とに略沿った溝底を有するボール溝に係合さ
せた等速自在継手において、 前記インナー部材及び前記アウター部材の少なくとも一
方におけるボール溝が、熱処理後の研削仕上げにより加
工されている等速自在継手。1. A front-end substantially half portion provided with a cage for holding a plurality of balls between an inner member and an outer member, each ball being provided on a surface facing the outer member and the inner member. In a constant velocity universal joint having a straight groove bottom substantially along the axial direction and engaging a ball groove having a groove bottom substantially along the inner spherical surface and the outer spherical surface in a substantially half portion on the root side, A constant velocity universal joint in which a ball groove in at least one of the inner member and the outer member is processed by grinding after heat treatment.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP9187276A JPH1113780A (en) | 1997-06-30 | 1997-06-30 | Uniform universal coupling |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP9187276A JPH1113780A (en) | 1997-06-30 | 1997-06-30 | Uniform universal coupling |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH1113780A true JPH1113780A (en) | 1999-01-22 |
Family
ID=16203172
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP9187276A Withdrawn JPH1113780A (en) | 1997-06-30 | 1997-06-30 | Uniform universal coupling |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH1113780A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2022122170A1 (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2022-06-16 | Gkn Driveline International Gmbh | Counter track joint and method for producing a counter track joint |
WO2023237215A1 (en) | 2022-06-10 | 2023-12-14 | Gkn Driveline International Gmbh | Method for producing a counter track joint |
-
1997
- 1997-06-30 JP JP9187276A patent/JPH1113780A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2022122170A1 (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2022-06-16 | Gkn Driveline International Gmbh | Counter track joint and method for producing a counter track joint |
WO2023237215A1 (en) | 2022-06-10 | 2023-12-14 | Gkn Driveline International Gmbh | Method for producing a counter track joint |
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