JPH11137075A - Artificial soil for cultivation - Google Patents

Artificial soil for cultivation

Info

Publication number
JPH11137075A
JPH11137075A JP9351910A JP35191097A JPH11137075A JP H11137075 A JPH11137075 A JP H11137075A JP 9351910 A JP9351910 A JP 9351910A JP 35191097 A JP35191097 A JP 35191097A JP H11137075 A JPH11137075 A JP H11137075A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
foam
soil
water
artificial cultivation
phenol resin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP9351910A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yasuaki Nakamura
泰明 中村
Hiroshi Nishigaki
啓 西垣
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MATSUMURA AQUA KK
Original Assignee
MATSUMURA AQUA KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MATSUMURA AQUA KK filed Critical MATSUMURA AQUA KK
Priority to JP9351910A priority Critical patent/JPH11137075A/en
Publication of JPH11137075A publication Critical patent/JPH11137075A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an artificial soil for cultivation capable of ensuring the air permeability in the root part while maintaining sufficient water holding properties and water absorptiviy, having a moderate strength and retaining an environment of the root part suitable for growth of plants for a long period and performing incineration treatment of rejected wastes by granulating a water absorbing phenol resin foam. SOLUTION: This artificial soil for cultivation is obtained by granulating a water absorbing phenol resin foam. The foam can be prepared by mixing a resol type phenol resin with an acidic curing agent, a surfactant for regulating foams and water absorbing and an organic foaming agent and expanding the resultant mixture. The grain diameter of the foam is preferably 1-30 mm. Furthermore, a substance or a mineral such as zeolite or coral fossil having a great electric exchange capacity or both are preferably internally present in the cell structure in the foam.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、植物の人工栽培
用土に関するものである。
The present invention relates to soil for artificial cultivation of plants.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】栽培用土として、古来からの天然土壌は
もち論、養液栽培用としてのロックウール等が、切り花
や野菜生産などで広く利用されている。又天然土壌の改
質方法の一つとして、開放孔型フエノール樹脂フオーム
の断片を含有させることが提案されている(特開昭57
−74021号公報参照)。
2. Description of the Related Art As a cultivation soil, rock wool and the like for nutrient solution cultivation are widely used for producing cut flowers and vegetables as well as natural soil from ancient times. Also, as one of the methods for modifying natural soil, it has been proposed to include a fragment of an open-pore phenolic resin form (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. SHO 57-57).
-74021).

【0003】ところで、植物を育てるための栽培用土に
必要な条件は次の通りである。 (1) 吸水が容易であること。 (2) 保水性に優れていること。 (3) 通気性に優れていること。 (4) 植物の生育阻害になる物質を含まないこと。 (5) 培地重量ができるだけ軽量であること。 (6) 大量に安定して供給できること。 (7) 植物の連作が容易であること。 (8) 植物の大量生産に向くこと。 (9) 植生の作業性が良いこと。 (10) 廃棄に問題がないこと。 (11) さらに保水性及び通気性を安定して維持でき
ること。 天然土壌は、種々の材料があり、特定化はできないが、
総体的に前記条件1,2,3,5,7,11等において
不十分であり、改善が求められている。また、ロックウ
ールは、前記条件1,6,8等において、土壌に比較し
て勝っており、特に温室栽培の面からは、周年栽培が可
能で、かつ大量生産に向いており、広く利用されつつあ
る。
The conditions required for growing soil for growing plants are as follows. (1) Water absorption should be easy. (2) Excellent water retention. (3) Be superior in air permeability. (4) Do not contain substances that inhibit plant growth. (5) The weight of the medium must be as light as possible. (6) Stable supply in large quantities. (7) Continuous cropping of plants is easy. (8) Suitable for mass production of plants. (9) The workability of vegetation is good. (10) There should be no problem in disposal. (11) Water retention and air permeability can be maintained stably. Natural soil has various materials and cannot be specified,
In general, the conditions 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 11 and the like are insufficient, and improvements are required. In addition, rock wool is superior to soil under the above conditions 1, 6, 8 and the like, and is particularly suitable for greenhouse cultivation, is capable of year-round cultivation, is suitable for mass production, and is widely used. It is getting.

【0004】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、ロック
ウールは、短繊維を絡ませたスラブ形状であるため、持
ち運び等は容易であるが、素手で触れると、突き刺すよ
うな非常に不快感を感じる。また、ロックウールは、下
層ほど含水率が高く、吸収根が多く張る下層では通気性
が劣っている。従って、多量にかん水が必要な夏場で
は、地下部が酸素不足になりやすく、根が腐り易い傾向
がある。さらに、PHが低下すると、ロックウールの短
繊維が溶けて物理構造が崩れる。その結果、通気性が悪
化する。
However, rock wool has a slab shape in which short fibers are entangled, so that it can be easily carried, but when touched with bare hands, it feels very unpleasant to pierce. In addition, rock wool has a higher moisture content in a lower layer, and has poor air permeability in a lower layer having a lot of absorption roots. Therefore, in summer when a large amount of water is required, there is a tendency for the underground to be deficient in oxygen, and the roots are liable to rot. Further, when the pH is lowered, the short fibers of the rock wool melt and the physical structure is broken. As a result, air permeability deteriorates.

【0005】このため、例えば、バラ栽培では、数年間
栽培する毎に用土の交換が必要となる。即ち、連作する
人工栽培用土となり得ない。当然、使用済みロックウー
ルの廃棄処分が頻繁に必要となるが、容易に土に還元し
ない、焼却できない等の問題を抱えている。そこで、前
記条件7,9,10,及び11を満たすことが出来ない
等が大きな課題としてクローズアップされてきた。ま
た、天然土壌では、堆肥等を混入し、耕運することで団
粒構造を作り、通気性及び保水性を確保しているが、か
ん水や降雨により団粒が崩れて、通気性が低下する。即
ち、前記条件2,3及び11を満たすためには、定期的
な耕運等の作業が不可欠となる。
[0005] For this reason, for example, in rose cultivation, it is necessary to replace the soil every time cultivation is performed for several years. That is, the soil cannot be used as artificial cultivation soil for continuous cropping. Naturally, it is necessary to frequently dispose of used rock wool, but it has problems such as not being easily returned to soil and being incinerated. Therefore, the inability to satisfy the conditions 7, 9, 10, and 11 has been highlighted as a major problem. In addition, in natural soil, compost and the like are mixed and cultivated to form a aggregate structure, ensuring air permeability and water retention, but aggregates collapse due to watering and rainfall, and air permeability decreases. . That is, in order to satisfy the above conditions 2, 3, and 11, it is essential to periodically perform work such as tillage.

【0006】また、前記土壌の改質方法(特開昭57−
74021号公報)は、フエノール樹脂フオームの吸水
性、保水性を利用すべく試みられているが、著しく比重
の異なる材料を混合することになり、均一混合分散が不
十分となる。さらに、土壌の団粒が崩れてフオームの粒
間を埋めるため、天然土壌と同様に徐々に通気性を失う
ことになる。このため、前記土壌の改質方法において指
摘する栽培土壌の水保留性を維持しながら、土壌全般並
びに長期にわたって空気保留性を確保することが困難と
なってくる。従って、実用的ではないといえる。
In addition, the above-mentioned method for modifying soil (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
No. 74021) attempts to utilize the water absorption and water retention of a phenolic resin form, but materials having significantly different specific gravities are mixed, and uniform mixing and dispersion become insufficient. Further, since the aggregates of the soil collapse and fill the spaces between the forms, the air permeability gradually decreases as in the case of the natural soil. For this reason, it becomes difficult to secure the air retention for the whole soil and for a long period of time while maintaining the water retention of the cultivated soil, which is pointed out in the above-mentioned soil modification method. Therefore, it is not practical.

【0007】一方、前記フエノール樹脂発泡体は、通常
レゾール型フエノール樹脂に酸性硬化剤、気泡調整用及
び吸水用界面活性剤及び有機系発泡剤を混合し発泡させ
たものであり、各種形状に加工して、主に生け花のフラ
ワーアレンジメントの材料として広く利用されている。
例えば、レンガ形状(80×110×230mm)の前
記発泡体は、軽量(約20kg/m)で吸水時間が4
0秒程度と短くかつ等量容積(約2000cc)に近い
水分量を長時間にわたって保持することができるため、
人工栽培用土として前記条件1,2,5,6,及び10
等を満たすことが予想される。しかしながら、レンガ状
の前記発泡体を人工栽培用土として利用した場合の最大
の欠陥は、一度保水した発泡体のセルは空気の侵入する
割合が著しく制約されていわゆる過湿状態となり、植物
の根部が必要とする空気の供給が出来ず、成長が低下す
る結果をもたらすことが判明した。
On the other hand, the above-mentioned phenolic resin foam is usually a resol type phenolic resin mixed with an acidic curing agent, a surfactant for adjusting bubbles and absorbing water, and an organic foaming agent and foamed. It is widely used mainly as a flower arrangement material for ikebana.
For example, the brick-shaped (80 × 110 × 230 mm) foam is lightweight (about 20 kg / m 3 ) and has a water absorption time of 4 kg / m 3.
Since it is possible to hold a water amount close to an equivalent volume (about 2000 cc) as short as about 0 seconds for a long time,
The conditions 1, 2, 5, 6, and 10 as the artificial cultivation soil
And so on. However, the biggest defect when the brick-shaped foam is used as artificial cultivation soil is that the once-water-retained foam cell has a so-called over-humidified state in which the rate of air intrusion is significantly restricted, and the roots of the plant are damaged. It was found that the required air supply could not be provided, resulting in reduced growth.

【0008】本発明は、上述のような実状に鑑みてなさ
れたもので、その目的とするところは、十分な保水性及
び吸水性を維持しつつ、根部の通気性を確保できるう
え、しかも適度の強度を備え、植物の生育に適した根部
の環境の長期間維持が可能であり、さらに、連作に優
れ、植物の大量生産を可能にしながら、使い古しの用土
の廃棄物量を大幅に低減すると同時に、発生した廃棄物
は焼却処理が可能な人工栽培用土を提供するにある。
[0008] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned situation, and has as its object the purpose of maintaining sufficient water retention and water absorption, ensuring the air permeability of the root portion, and also having a moderate It has the strength of, and can maintain the root environment suitable for plant growth for a long period of time, and is also excellent in continuous cropping, enabling the mass production of plants while greatly reducing the amount of waste of used soil. The waste generated is to provide artificial cultivation soil that can be incinerated.

【0009】[0009]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明では、上記課題を
解決するために、次の技術的手段を講じた。即ち、本発
明に係る人工栽培用土は、吸水性フエノール樹脂発泡体
を粒状化してなることを特徴としている。前記発泡体
は、レゾール型フエノール樹脂に酸性硬化剤、気泡調整
用及び吸水用界面活性剤、及び有機系発泡剤を混合し発
泡させたものであり、これを粒状化して適当な大きさに
している。このフエノール樹脂発泡体は、個々の粒の集
合体であり、しかも個々の粒は各々容易に吸水しかつ保
水することが可能であり、前記条件1,2を十分に満足
することができる。
According to the present invention, the following technical measures have been taken to solve the above-mentioned problems. That is, the artificial cultivation soil according to the present invention is characterized in that the water-absorbing phenol resin foam is granulated. The foam is a resol type phenolic resin mixed with an acidic curing agent, a surfactant for adjusting bubbles and a water absorbing agent, and an organic foaming agent, and foamed, and granulated to an appropriate size. I have. This phenolic resin foam is an aggregate of individual grains, and each individual grain can easily absorb and retain water, and can sufficiently satisfy the above conditions 1 and 2.

【0010】更に、粒状を呈しているため、粒間には十
分に空間があり、植物の根部が人工栽培用土の中で呼吸
し成長する場合に、十分に空気を確保することができ、
前記条件3を満足することが可能となった。しかも、常
に安定した団粒構造を有して植物の生育に適した根部の
環境の維持が可能である。特に、本発明に係る用土の特
筆すべき現象は、ロックウールと異なり、通気性、保水
性を維持しながら、根を張ることにより部分的に粒状態
が崩れても、水とともに排出されるため、粒間の通気性
が保たれる。尚、用土の粒状態が崩れて減少する体積
は、年間数パーセントであるため、適時上面から粒状用
土を少量追加することになり、廃棄物の発生は非常に少
ない。
[0010] Furthermore, due to the granular shape, there is sufficient space between the grains, and when the roots of the plant breathe and grow in the soil for artificial cultivation, sufficient air can be secured,
The condition 3 can be satisfied. In addition, it is possible to maintain a root environment suitable for plant growth with a stable aggregate structure. In particular, the noteworthy phenomenon of the soil according to the present invention, unlike rock wool, while maintaining air permeability, water retention, even if the granular state is partially collapsed by rooting, because it is discharged with water In addition, air permeability between grains is maintained. In addition, since the volume in which the grain state of the soil collapses and decreases is several percent per year, a small amount of the granular soil is added from the upper surface in a timely manner, and the generation of waste is extremely small.

【0011】本発明では、前記発泡体の粒径を1〜30
mmとするのが好ましい。この粒径を1mm未満とする
と、粉状に近くなり目詰まりを起こし、気孔率が低下
し、通気性を損ねる。また、粒径が30mmを超える
と、粒間に植物の根がうまくはり渡らなくなり、生育を
阻害する恐れがある。このように、粒径が1〜30mm
であると、植物の種類あるいは性質に応じて、同径のも
のあるいは異径のものを使い分けることができる。そし
て、粒径を調整することにより、人工栽培用土の気相率
と液相率を任意に設定できる。
In the present invention, the particle size of the foam is 1 to 30.
mm is preferable. If the particle size is less than 1 mm, the powder becomes close to a powdery state, causing clogging, lowering porosity and impairing air permeability. On the other hand, if the particle size exceeds 30 mm, the roots of the plant will not spread well between the particles, and growth may be inhibited. Thus, the particle size is 1 to 30 mm
In this case, those having the same diameter or different diameters can be used depending on the type or property of the plant. Then, by adjusting the particle size, the gas phase ratio and the liquid phase ratio of the artificial cultivation soil can be arbitrarily set.

【0012】さらに、本発明は、前記発泡体にゼオライ
ト、珊瑚化石等の電気置換容量の大なる物質及び/又は
ミネラル分がセル構造内に内在されているものとするこ
とができる。前記発泡体は、ロックウール同様に、元来
植物体の生育に必要なミネラル分が含まれておらず、培
養液や肥料の中に含有させる必要がある。予め前記発泡
体の中に必要なミネラル分が均一に分散していること
は、植物の均一な成長を促進するのに最適である。な
お、ゼオライト、珊瑚化石等が前記発泡体に混在され
て、各々の効果を期待する試みもあるが、これらの均一
分散が困難であり、人工栽培用土全般にわたつてその効
果は期待できない。
Further, in the present invention, a substance having a large electric displacement capacity and / or a mineral component such as zeolite and coral fossil may be contained in the cell structure in the foam. Like the rock wool, the foam originally does not contain a mineral component necessary for growing a plant, and needs to be contained in a culture solution or a fertilizer. The fact that the necessary mineral components are uniformly dispersed in the foam in advance is optimal for promoting uniform growth of the plant. In addition, there is an attempt to expect each effect by mixing zeolite, coral fossils and the like in the foam, but it is difficult to uniformly disperse them, and the effect cannot be expected over the entire artificial cultivation soil.

【0013】さらに、本発明に係る人工栽培用土は、粒
状発泡体に、ある種の植物から抽出され、賦形された場
合に強い遠赤外線を放射することができる天然有機物
「アルファフレッシュWM2」を、そのセル構造内に内
在させることができる。遠赤外線放射体(3〜1000
ミクロンの波長)は、水を活性化することで知られてお
り、特に波長6〜14ミクロンの遠赤外線は、植物の生
育に著しく効果のあることで知られている。予めセル構
造内にアルファフレッシュWM2を内在せしめた用土
は、前述の植物の栽培に必要な条件を満足させるほか
に、積極的に植物の細胞の活性化を図ることにより、短
期間の成長を促すことができる。
[0013] The artificial cultivation soil according to the present invention further comprises a natural organic material "Alpha Fresh WM2" which is extracted from a certain plant and which can emit strong far-infrared rays when it is shaped. , Within the cell structure. Far-infrared radiator (3-1000
Micron wavelength) is known to activate water, and far infrared rays having a wavelength of 6 to 14 microns are known to have a remarkable effect on plant growth. The soil in which Alpha Fresh WM2 is preliminarily included in the cell structure satisfies the conditions required for plant cultivation as described above, and also promotes short-term growth by actively activating plant cells. be able to.

【0014】また、本発明に係る人工栽培用土は、予め
多孔性の袋でくるむか又は個々の粒を接着性物質で固め
てブロック化されたものとすることができる。ブロツク
化された人工栽培用土は、直方体状、円筒状等の保形性
を有しポットあるいはキューブとして実生の発芽及び挿
し木の育苗に好都合に利用することができる。
The artificial cultivation soil according to the present invention may be wrapped in a porous bag in advance, or may be formed by blocking individual grains with an adhesive substance. The blocked artificial cultivation soil has a shape retention property such as a rectangular parallelepiped shape or a cylindrical shape, and can be conveniently used as a pot or a cube for germinating seedlings and raising cuttings.

【0015】[0015]

【発明の実施の形態】以下、この発明に係る植物の人工
栽培用土の実施形態について説明する。本発明に係る人
工栽培用土は、レゾール型フエノール樹脂に酸性硬化剤
(例えばフエノールスルホン酸)、気泡調整用界面活性
剤(ノニオン系)、吸水用界面活性剤(アニオン系)及
び低沸点有機発泡剤(石油エーテル、ペンタン、ヘキサ
ン等)を混合し発泡させてなる連続気泡型の発泡体を、
粒状(粒径が1〜30mm)にしたものである。
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, an embodiment of soil for artificial cultivation of plants according to the present invention will be described. The soil for artificial cultivation according to the present invention is obtained by adding an acid hardener (for example, phenolsulfonic acid), a surfactant for adjusting bubbles (nonionic), a surfactant for absorbing water (anionic), and a low-boiling organic foaming agent to a resole-type phenol resin. (Petroleum ether, pentane, hexane, etc.) by mixing and foaming.
It is granulated (particle diameter is 1 to 30 mm).

【0016】前記レゾール型フエノール樹脂は、フエノ
ール樹脂にホルマリン及びアルカリ触媒(か性ソーダ、
か性カリ等)を配合し、常法に従って反応させて得たも
のである。そして、該発泡体は、レンガ形状(8×11
×23cm)に裁断した場合の容積が2024ccとな
るが、これを水面に浮かべて全量が吸水する時間は、4
0〜60秒であり、その含水量が等量容積に近い190
0〜2000ccになる。また、一度吸水するとすぐに
は水が滴り落ちることはなく、十分な保水機能を発揮す
る。
The resole type phenol resin is obtained by adding formalin and an alkali catalyst (caustic soda,
Caustic potash etc.) and reacted according to a conventional method. And the foam has a brick shape (8 × 11
× 23 cm), the volume is 2024 cc, but the time for floating this on the water surface and absorbing the entire amount is 4
0-60 seconds, the water content of which is close to the equivalent volume of 190
It becomes 0-2000cc. Also, once water is absorbed, water does not drip immediately, and exhibits a sufficient water retention function.

【0017】前記発泡体は、発泡時大きなブロック例え
ば1m角のブロックとされ、裁断機により最終的に1〜
30mmの粒径に裁断されて粒状に加工される。なお、
粒状発泡体は、各種サイズの粒径のものに裁断し、必要
に応じて複数サイズのものを混合して使用することがで
きる。このように、発泡体を粒状にすることにより、常
に安定した団粒構造を維持でき、粒径の調整により培地
の気相率と液相率を任意に設定できる。
The foam is formed into a large block at the time of foaming, for example, a block of 1 m square.
It is cut into a particle size of 30 mm and processed into a granular shape. In addition,
The granular foam may be cut into various sizes and may be used by mixing a plurality of sizes if necessary. In this way, by making the foam into a granular form, a stable aggregate structure can be always maintained, and the gas phase ratio and the liquid phase ratio of the medium can be arbitrarily set by adjusting the particle size.

【0018】前記フエノール樹脂発泡体には、電気置換
容量の大きい即ち、陽イオンの吸着に優れた物質である
粒状のゼオライト若しくは珊瑚化石を1〜30重量%
(対フエノール樹脂)、及び/又はミネラル分を樹脂発
泡前に添加して発泡させる。前記ゼオライト若しくは珊
瑚化石等は、天然資材として園芸界で利用されており、
ゼオライトは、一般の土壌に比べて3倍以上の電気置換
容量を有しており、発泡体のセル構造に均一に分散して
存在させることにより、植物体に必要な微量ミネラルを
含む培養液や肥料を、効率良く粒状発泡体に吸着して保
持し、必要時に放出する機能が付与されると共に、化学
的緩衝能力を得ることができる。また、ミネラル分例え
ば鉄、銅、マンガン、亜鉛、モリブデン等の水性液は、
発泡前に容易にフエノール樹脂に添加して均一に混合す
ることができる。
The phenol resin foam contains 1 to 30% by weight of granular zeolite or coral fossil having a large electric displacement capacity, that is, a substance excellent in cation adsorption.
(To the phenolic resin) and / or a mineral component is added and foamed before foaming the resin. The zeolite or coral fossil is used in the horticultural world as a natural material,
Zeolite has an electric displacement capacity three times or more as compared with that of general soil, and by dispersing uniformly in the cell structure of the foam, it is possible to use a culture solution containing a trace amount of minerals necessary for a plant. The fertilizer can be efficiently adsorbed and held on the granular foam, and a function of releasing the fertilizer when needed can be provided, and a chemical buffering ability can be obtained. In addition, aqueous liquids such as mineral components such as iron, copper, manganese, zinc, and molybdenum,
It can be easily added to the phenolic resin and uniformly mixed before foaming.

【0019】しかも、ゼオライトは、吸水性が極めて良
く、セル構造内に混入することで毛管力を大幅に増大さ
せることができ、セル構造内ひいては、培地内の水分の
拡散がスムーズになりバラツキが減少するほか、ケイ酸
や微量ミネラル分を含んでおり、植物の生育に有効に作
用する。
In addition, zeolite has a very good water absorption, and can greatly increase the capillary force by being mixed into the cell structure, whereby the diffusion of water in the cell structure and, consequently, the diffusion of water in the culture medium become smooth and uneven. In addition to the reduction, it contains silicic acid and trace minerals, and effectively acts on plant growth.

【0020】さらに、前記フエノール樹脂発泡体には、
ある種の植物から抽出された水性の天然有機物アルファ
フレッシュWM2を、1〜10重量%(対フエノール樹
脂)を樹脂発泡前に添加して発泡せしめる。前記天然有
機物は、それ自体では遠赤外線放射率は高くないが、成
形すべき材料に予め均一に分散させた後発泡成形した場
合には、著しく遠赤外線放射率の高い物質を発現するこ
とができ、しかも、防カビ作用を有しており、病害対策
にも効果が期待される。
Further, the phenolic resin foam includes:
Aqueous natural organic matter alpha fresh WM2 extracted from certain plants is foamed by adding 1 to 10% by weight (based on phenolic resin) before foaming the resin. Although the natural organic substance itself does not have a high far-infrared emissivity, when foamed after being uniformly dispersed in the material to be molded in advance, a substance having a significantly high far-infrared emissivity can be expressed. Moreover, it has a fungicidal action, and is expected to be effective in disease control.

【0021】本発明に係る人工栽培用土は、個々独立し
た粒を利用するのみでなく、粒の間隙は保持しつつ直方
体状、円筒状等に保形しブロックにした加工品を、比較
的小さい容積の形で実生の発芽及び挿し木の育苗等の培
地として使用するのに好都合である。なお、保形の方法
として、通水・通気性のある紙、不織布及び織物等で粒
をくるんだ形態、あるいはでん粉、ポバール及び酢酸ビ
ニル等の接着剤を粒の表面に薄く塗布して軽く固めてブ
ロック化することができる。
The artificial cultivation soil according to the present invention uses not only individual grains, but also a block-shaped processed product which is shaped into a rectangular parallelepiped or cylindrical shape while maintaining the gap between the grains, and is relatively small. It is convenient to use as a medium for germinating seedlings and raising cuttings in volume form. In addition, as a method of shape retention, a form in which the particles are wrapped with water-permeable and air-permeable paper, nonwoven fabric, woven fabric, or the like, or an adhesive such as starch, poval, and vinyl acetate is thinly applied to the surface of the particles and lightly hardened. Can be blocked.

【0022】[0022]

【実施例】次に、フエノール樹脂発泡体の実施例につい
て説明する。主原料のレゾール型フエノール樹脂100
重量部に、アニオン系界面活性剤2重量部、整泡用シリ
コン0.2重量部、ペンタン4重量部、ヘキサン4重量
部及びフエノールスルホン酸6重量部を混合し、撹はん
してフエノール樹脂発泡体を得た。該発泡体のレンガ形
状の特性値は、2024cc(8×11×23cm)の
容積で、密度20kg/cm、吸水時間40秒、吸水
量1980cc、硬さ4kg/径5cm円型押圧、水漏
れなし等である。なお、このレンガ形状のフエノール樹
脂発泡体を比較例Aとする。
Next, examples of the phenol resin foam will be described. Resol type phenol resin 100 as main raw material
2 parts by weight of an anionic surfactant, 0.2 parts by weight of silicone for foam control, 4 parts by weight of pentane, 4 parts by weight of hexane and 6 parts by weight of phenolsulfonic acid were mixed with the mixture, and stirred to form a phenol resin. A foam was obtained. The characteristic value of the brick shape of the foam is a capacity of 2024 cc (8 × 11 × 23 cm), a density of 20 kg / cm 3 , a water absorption time of 40 seconds, a water absorption of 1980 cc, a hardness of 4 kg and a diameter of 5 cm, and a water leak. None. The brick-shaped phenolic resin foam is referred to as Comparative Example A.

【0023】該フエノール樹脂発泡体(比較例A)を裁
断し5mm角の粒を作成して得たものを、本発明の実施
例1とした。また、前記比較例Aと同一の発泡配合条件
のもとで、ゼオライト5重量%(対フエノール樹脂)を
添加して均一に分散した後発泡させ、これを裁断して5
mm角の粒を作成したものを、本発明の実施例2とし
た。そして、前記比較例Aと同一の発泡配合条件のもと
で、天然有機物アルファフレッシュWM2を5重量%
(対フエノール樹脂)を添加し均一に撹はん混合して発
泡させ、これを裁断して5mm角の粒を作成して得たも
のを実施例3とした。
The phenolic resin foam (Comparative Example A) was cut to form 5 mm square particles, which was designated as Example 1 of the present invention. Further, under the same foaming and blending conditions as in Comparative Example A, 5% by weight of zeolite (based on phenol resin) was added, uniformly dispersed, and then foamed.
An example in which grains of mm square were prepared was designated as Example 2 of the present invention. Then, under the same foaming blending conditions as Comparative Example A, 5% by weight of natural organic substance alpha fresh WM2 was added.
(Phenol resin) was added thereto, and the mixture was uniformly stirred and foamed. The resulting mixture was cut to form 5 mm square particles, which was obtained as Example 3.

【0024】該実施例3の用土は、遠赤外線放射率(遠
赤外線10ミクロンの波長)が92%と、土壌を含めた
通常の物質の放射率が60%程度に比べて著しく高く、
また水道水を使用してかん水した際の残留塩素の呈色反
応(オルソトリジン法)が陰性で植物の生育に阻害作用
のある塩素をマスキングすることにより、尚一層の生育
効果が期待できる。
The soil used in Example 3 has a far-infrared emissivity (wavelength of far-infrared 10 microns) of 92%, which is much higher than that of ordinary substances including soil, which is about 60%.
Further, by masking chlorine which is negative for the color reaction of the residual chlorine (orthotrizine method) when watering is performed using tap water and which has an inhibitory effect on the growth of the plant, a further growth effect can be expected.

【0025】上記各実施例と前記比較例A及びB(従来
のロックウール)の用土を用いて、各プランターに入れ
た用土の上に、各5株のバラ(メトローズ)の挿し木の
キユーブを置き、各キューブの側に培養液をドリップし
て生育した(養液栽培)結果は、表1のとおりであ
る。。
Using the soil of each of the above Examples and the Comparative Examples A and B (conventional rock wool), lay a set of five roses (Metroze) cuttings on the soil in each planter. Table 1 shows the results of growing the culture solution by dripping the culture solution on the side of each cube (nutriculture). .

【0026】[0026]

【表1】 表1において、120時間後の保水性は、かん水直後の
保水性を100とした時の割合を示している。また、1
0カ月後切花本数は1株当たり、平均切花本数は1株1
回当たりを示している。
[Table 1] In Table 1, the water retention after 120 hours indicates a ratio when the water retention immediately after watering is set to 100. Also, 1
0 months later, the average number of cut flowers per share is 1 per share
Indicates the hit.

【0027】尚、栽培終了後、実施例1、2、3の用土
は、各々当初の約95%となり、各々約5%の新たな用
土を補充して混合することにより、バラ植生試験を繰り
返したが、初回と同様な結果を得ることができた。
After completion of the cultivation, the soils of Examples 1, 2 and 3 each became about 95% of the initial one, and a new vegetation of about 5% was replenished and mixed, whereby the rose vegetation test was repeated. However, the same result as the first time was obtained.

【0028】[0028]

【発明の効果】本発明は、上述のように、吸水性フエノ
ール樹脂発泡体を、粒状化したものであり、人工栽培用
土としての通気性を確保できるうえ、十分な保水性及び
吸水性が得られ、しかも適度の強度を備え、団粒構造が
維持できるため、植物の生育に適した根部の環境の維持
が可能である。しかも、不要になった根部を団粒構造か
ら抜き取ることは容易であり、不足分の粒を補充するこ
とで、従来のロックウールには見られない再利用が可能
で廃棄物を著しく減量することができる。さらに、粒の
中に均一にゼオライト、珊瑚化石、ミネラル分、遠赤外
線付与可能な天然物エキスを分散させることにより、著
しく植物の生育を高めることができる。
As described above, the present invention is obtained by granulating a water-absorbing phenolic resin foam, and can secure sufficient air permeability as soil for artificial cultivation and obtain sufficient water retention and water absorption. In addition, since it has moderate strength and can maintain the aggregate structure, it is possible to maintain the root environment suitable for plant growth. Moreover, it is easy to remove unnecessary roots from the aggregate structure, and by replenishing the missing particles, it is possible to reuse and not significantly reduce the amount of waste unlike conventional rock wool. Can be. Further, by uniformly dispersing zeolite, coral fossils, mineral components, and natural substance extract capable of imparting far-infrared rays in the grains, plant growth can be remarkably enhanced.

Claims (6)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 吸水性フエノール樹脂発泡体を粒状化し
てなることを特徴とする人工栽培用土。
1. An artificial cultivation soil characterized by granulating a water-absorbing phenol resin foam.
【請求項2】 前記発泡体が、レゾール型フエノール樹
脂に酸性硬化剤、気泡調整用及び吸水用界面活性剤、及
び有機系発泡剤を混合し発泡させたものであることを特
徴とする請求項1に記載の人工栽培用土。
2. The foam according to claim 1, wherein the foam is obtained by mixing a resol type phenol resin with an acidic curing agent, a surfactant for adjusting and absorbing air bubbles, and an organic foaming agent. The soil for artificial cultivation according to 1.
【請求項3】 前記発泡体の粒径が1〜30mmとされ
ていることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の人工栽
培用土。
3. The artificial cultivation soil according to claim 1, wherein the foam has a particle size of 1 to 30 mm.
【請求項4】 前記発泡体にゼオライト、珊瑚化石等の
電気置換容量の大なる物質及び/又はミネラル分がセル
構造内に内在されていることを特徴とする請求項1,2
又は3に記載の人工栽培用土。
4. The foam according to claim 1, wherein a substance having a large electric displacement capacity and / or a mineral component such as zeolite and coral fossil are contained in the cell structure.
Or the soil for artificial cultivation according to 3.
【請求項5】 粒状発泡体に遠赤外線放射付与可能な天
然有機物が添加されていることを特徴とする請求項1,
2,又は3に記載の人工栽培用土。
5. The granular foam according to claim 1, wherein a natural organic substance capable of imparting far-infrared radiation is added to the granular foam.
The soil for artificial cultivation according to 2, or 3.
【請求項6】 前記発泡体を予め多孔性の袋でくるむか
又は個々の粒を接着付与物質で固めてブロツク化されて
いることを特徴とする請求項1,2,3,4又は5に記
載の人工栽培用土。
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein said foam is wrapped in a porous bag in advance, or individual grains are solidified with an adhesion-imparting substance and blocked. The artificial cultivation soil as described.
JP9351910A 1997-11-13 1997-11-13 Artificial soil for cultivation Pending JPH11137075A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9351910A JPH11137075A (en) 1997-11-13 1997-11-13 Artificial soil for cultivation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9351910A JPH11137075A (en) 1997-11-13 1997-11-13 Artificial soil for cultivation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH11137075A true JPH11137075A (en) 1999-05-25

Family

ID=18420458

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP9351910A Pending JPH11137075A (en) 1997-11-13 1997-11-13 Artificial soil for cultivation

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH11137075A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002065055A (en) * 2000-08-31 2002-03-05 Kanai Hiroaki Artificial culture medium
JP2002084873A (en) * 2000-09-08 2002-03-26 Sekisui Plastics Co Ltd Soil substitute
JP2011217644A (en) * 2010-04-07 2011-11-04 Lixil Corp Granular material for water retention, and water-retaining structure

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002065055A (en) * 2000-08-31 2002-03-05 Kanai Hiroaki Artificial culture medium
JP4594502B2 (en) * 2000-08-31 2010-12-08 金井 宏彰 Artificial medium
JP2002084873A (en) * 2000-09-08 2002-03-26 Sekisui Plastics Co Ltd Soil substitute
JP2011217644A (en) * 2010-04-07 2011-11-04 Lixil Corp Granular material for water retention, and water-retaining structure

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