JPH1110271A - Free forging anvil - Google Patents
Free forging anvilInfo
- Publication number
- JPH1110271A JPH1110271A JP16463397A JP16463397A JPH1110271A JP H1110271 A JPH1110271 A JP H1110271A JP 16463397 A JP16463397 A JP 16463397A JP 16463397 A JP16463397 A JP 16463397A JP H1110271 A JPH1110271 A JP H1110271A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- anvil
- forging
- workpiece
- arc surface
- flat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は自由鍛造用金敷に関
し、より詳しくは炭素鋼、合金鋼、ステンレス鋼や高合
金鋼などの被加工材を熱間で自由鍛造する際の金敷に関
する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an anvil for free forging, and more particularly to an anvil for hot forging a workpiece such as carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel or high alloy steel.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】熱間自由鍛造は図２や図３に示すような
方式で、つまり対向する一対の平金敷を有する鍛造プレ
スによって行われるのが一般的である。なお、図２及び
図３の（ａ）は、それぞれ平金敷Ｄ２、Ｄ３を有する鍛
造プレスで被加工材を加工している状態を示す図であ
る。図２の（ｂ）は、被加工材Ａを圧下する平坦面４及
びこの平坦面４の両端から被加工材Ａの搬送方向の前後
に所定の角度θで傾斜するテーパ面５で構成された平金
敷Ｄ２を示す図である。図３の（ｂ）は、被加工材Ａを
圧下する平坦面４及びこの平坦面４の両端で被加工材Ａ
の搬送方向の前後につながる円弧面６で構成された平金
敷Ｄ３を示す図である。2. Description of the Related Art Hot free forging is generally performed by a method as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, that is, by a forging press having a pair of opposed flat anvils. FIGS. 2A and 3A are views showing a state in which a workpiece is being processed by a forging press having flat anvils D2 and D3, respectively. 2B includes a flat surface 4 for pressing down the workpiece A, and a tapered surface 5 inclined at a predetermined angle θ before and after both ends of the flat surface 4 in the transport direction of the workpiece A. It is a figure which shows the flat anvil D2. FIG. 3B shows a flat surface 4 for pressing down the workpiece A and the workpiece A at both ends of the flat surface 4.
FIG. 4 is a view showing a flat metal cover D3 constituted by an arc surface 6 connected to the front and rear in the transport direction of FIG.
【０００３】上記の平金敷Ｄ２やＤ３のような平坦面４
を持つ平金敷を用いて被加工材Ａを自由鍛造すれば、平
金敷の平坦面４に接触する被加工材Ａの表層は金敷によ
って塑性流動が拘束されてしまう。このため、金敷接触
範囲の中央部にはほとんど塑性歪みが加わらない所謂
「デッドメタル域」が生じてしまう。[0003] A flat surface 4 such as the flat anvil D2 or D3 described above.
If the workpiece A is freely forged using a flat anvil having the following, the plastic flow of the surface layer of the workpiece A in contact with the flat surface 4 of the flat anvil is restrained by the anvil. For this reason, a so-called “dead metal region” where almost no plastic strain is applied is generated at the center of the anvil contact area.
【０００４】一般に被加工材に熱間加工を施して塑性歪
みを加えると、組織が微細化して機械的性質が向上す
る。しかし、上記の「デッドメタル域」には塑性歪がほ
とんど加わらないので組織が微細化することがない。し
たがって、例えば鋳込んだままの粗い組織の状態が残留
するような「デッドメタル域」がある場合には、特に割
れ感受性の高い難加工材を自由鍛造する際に、鍛造割れ
を生じることがある。In general, when a work material is subjected to hot working to apply plastic strain, the structure becomes finer and the mechanical properties are improved. However, since the plastic strain is hardly applied to the “dead metal region”, the structure does not become fine. Therefore, for example, when there is a "dead metal region" in which a state of a coarse structure as cast remains, when forging a difficult-to-work material having a high crack sensitivity, forging cracks may occur. .
【０００５】つまり、上記の平金敷Ｄ２やＤ３のような
平坦面４を持つ従来の平金敷で自由鍛造を行った場合に
は、初期工程で歪みがあまりかからない領域（「デッド
メタル域」）で組織が微細化しない。このため、被加工
材表層には組織が微細化した部位と、機械的性質の劣る
粗い組織が残留する部位とが混在することになる。この
結果、後者の粗い組織が残留する部位に自由鍛造の後段
工程で大きな歪みと応力が作用すると、割れなどの欠陥
が発生し歩留りが低下する場合があった。In other words, when free forging is performed with a conventional flat anvil having a flat surface 4 such as the above-described flat anvil D2 or D3, an area (“dead metal area”) where little distortion is applied in the initial process. The structure does not shrink. For this reason, in the surface layer of the work material, there are portions where the structure is refined and portions where a coarse structure having poor mechanical properties remains. As a result, when a large strain and stress act on the latter part where the coarse structure remains in the latter stage of the free forging, defects such as cracks may be generated and the yield may be reduced.
【０００６】更に、割れ感受性の高い難加工性の材料の
場合には、欠陥発生の割合が特に高く、このため、各工
程での加工度（圧下量）や搬送量を低減したり、途中で
被加工材を再加熱したりする必要があったので生産能率
の低下を免れなかった。Furthermore, in the case of difficult-to-process materials having high crack susceptibility, the rate of occurrence of defects is particularly high. Therefore, the degree of working (rolling-down amount) and the amount of conveyance in each step are reduced, and Since the work material had to be re-heated, a reduction in production efficiency was unavoidable.
【０００７】熱間の自由鍛造に関する技術としては、例
えば、特開平７−１１６７６６号公報に「自由鍛造用平
金敷」が開示されている。これは、自由鍛造用平金敷の
コーナ面を複数段に傾斜したテーパ面あるいはテーパ面
と円弧面から構成し、傾斜を緩くすることによって、難
加工の材料でも割れにくいものとするとともに、コーナ
面のだれ（変形）を軽減しようとする技術である。しか
し、前記公報で開示された自由鍛造用平金敷も従来の金
敷と同様に平坦面を有するものである。このため、この
公報で提案された金敷を用いた場合にも、自由鍛造時に
上記した「デッドメタル域」が生ずることは避け難いも
のであった。As a technique relating to hot free forging, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 7-116766 discloses a "flat anvil for free forging". This is because the corner surface of the flat anvil for free forging is composed of a tapered surface or a tapered surface and an arc surface that are inclined in multiple steps. This is a technique that reduces the drooling (deformation). However, the flat anvil for free forging disclosed in the above publication has a flat surface like the conventional anvil. For this reason, even when the anvil proposed in this publication is used, it is inevitable that the above-mentioned “dead metal region” occurs during free forging.
【０００８】又、特開平９−１２２８１０号公報には断
面がほぼ半円形の鍛造具と金敷を用いる「鍛造方法」が
開示されている。しかし、この公報に記載の方法は単に
変形抵抗の大きい材料を鍛造するための技術である。こ
のため、その技術を適用しても鍛造具と金敷の断面形状
に応じて下記の各種問題が生ずることがある。つまり、
鍛造具と金敷の断面が、半円形の場合には、被加工材
の搬送方向の圧下ピッチが長いと被加工材の圧下面が波
打った状態となり疵発生の原因となるので、被加工材の
搬送方向の圧下ピッチを短くする必要があって鍛造効率
が低くなる。又、角を丸くした多角形の場合には、金
敷の圧下面に平坦部があるため「デッドメタル域」が生
ずることを避け難く、更に、楕円形の場合、（イ）断
面がその短軸に平行な線で切断した楕円形の場合には、
鍛造具と金敷の中央部が尖った形状となるので被加工材
を有効に圧下できる領域が小さくなってしまうので鍛造
効率が低くなるし、（ロ）断面がその長軸に平行な線で
切断した楕円形の場合には、被加工材の圧下部位と非圧
下部位との段差に基づく疵の発生を避け難い。Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-122810 discloses a “forging method” using a forging tool and an anvil having a substantially semicircular cross section. However, the method described in this publication is merely a technique for forging a material having high deformation resistance. For this reason, even if the technique is applied, the following various problems may occur depending on the cross-sectional shapes of the forging tool and the anvil. That is,
If the cross section of the forging tool and the anvil is semicircular, if the rolling pitch in the transport direction of the workpiece is long, the pressed surface of the workpiece will be wavy, causing flaws. Therefore, it is necessary to shorten the rolling pitch in the conveying direction, and the forging efficiency is reduced. Further, in the case of a polygon having rounded corners, it is difficult to avoid the occurrence of a “dead metal area” due to the presence of a flat portion on the pressed surface of the anvil. In the case of an ellipse cut by a line parallel to
The central part of the forging tool and anvil has a pointed shape, so the area where the workpiece can be effectively reduced is reduced, so the forging efficiency is reduced. (B) The cross section is cut along a line parallel to its long axis. In the case of the above-mentioned elliptical shape, it is difficult to avoid the generation of flaws due to the step between the pressed portion and the non-pressed portion of the workpiece.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は、被加
工材の表層に均一な塑性歪みを与えることで組織を微細
化し割れなどの欠陥が生ずることを防止して歩留りを高
めるとともに、生産能率を低下させることなく熱間自由
鍛造することが可能な自由鍛造用金敷を提供することに
ある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to impart uniform plastic strain to the surface layer of a workpiece, thereby minimizing the structure and preventing defects such as cracks from occurring, thereby improving the yield and improving the production. An object of the present invention is to provide a metal forging for free forging capable of performing hot free forging without lowering efficiency.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の要旨は、下記の
自由鍛造用金敷にある。The gist of the present invention resides in the following free forging anvil.
【００１１】すなわち、「熱間自由鍛造用金敷であっ
て、被加工材を圧下する円弧面及び前記円弧面の曲率半
径よりも小径で前記円弧面の両端から被加工材搬送方向
の前後に形成される円弧面からなり、且つ、被加工材を
圧下する円弧面の両端位置で被加工材を圧下する円弧面
と前記小径の円弧面とが共通接面を有することを特徴と
する自由鍛造用金敷」である。[0011] That is, "a metal forging for hot free forging, which is formed in an arc surface for rolling down a workpiece and a radius smaller than the radius of curvature of the arc surface and formed from both ends of the arc surface before and after in the transport direction of the workpiece. For free forging, wherein the arc surface for rolling down the workpiece and the small-diameter arc surface at both ends of the arc surface for rolling down the workpiece have a common contact surface. Kinshiki ".
【００１２】なお、「被加工材を圧下する円弧面の両端
位置で被加工材を圧下する円弧面と前記の円弧面の曲率
半径よりも小径の円弧面とが共通接面を有する」とは、
「被加工材搬送方向に平行な垂直面で金敷を切断した場
合において、被加工材を圧下する円弧面に相当する円弧
の両端位置で被加工材を圧下する円弧面に相当する円弧
と前記の円弧面の曲率半径よりも小径の円弧面に相当す
る円弧とが共通接線を有する」ことをいう。It is to be noted that "an arc surface which presses down a workpiece at both ends of an arc surface which presses down a workpiece has a common tangent surface with an arc surface having a diameter smaller than the radius of curvature of the arc surface". ,
`` When the anvil is cut on a vertical plane parallel to the workpiece transfer direction, an arc corresponding to an arc surface that reduces the workpiece at both ends of the arc corresponding to the arc surface that reduces the workpiece and the above-described arc. An arc corresponding to an arc surface having a smaller diameter than the radius of curvature of the arc surface has a common tangent line. "
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明者らは、熱間自由鍛造に用
いる平金敷の平坦部の被加工材搬送方向長さを種々に変
えて、被加工材に付加される塑性歪み分布を数値解析に
よって基礎検討した。その結果、平坦部の長さを短くし
て金敷の被加工材と接触する部分としての曲面の割合を
多くするほど、被加工材に塑性歪みが均一に加わって鍛
造時の「デッドメタル域」が縮小して行く場合のあるこ
とが分かった。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present inventors varied the length of a flat portion of a flat metal anvil used for hot free forging in the direction of work material transport in various ways, and numerically calculated the plastic strain distribution applied to the work material. A basic study was made by analysis. As a result, as the length of the flat part is shortened and the proportion of the curved surface as the part in contact with the work material of the anvil is increased, plastic strain is uniformly applied to the work material and the "dead metal area" at forging It turns out that there are times when it shrinks.
【００１４】そこで次に、金敷の被加工材搬送方向の長
さを２Ｗ、被加工材の圧下量、つまり圧下前後の被加工
材の圧下方向の高さの差をｈとして、被加工材を鍛造す
る際に「デッドメタル域」を縮小でき、しかも被加工材
の圧下部位と非圧下部位との段差に基づく疵の発生を防
止できる曲面の形状について種々検討した。Then, the length of the anvil in the direction of conveying the workpiece is 2 W, and the amount of reduction of the workpiece, that is, the difference between the height of the workpiece before and after the reduction in the rolling direction is h, and the workpiece is processed. Various studies have been made on the shape of the curved surface that can reduce the "dead metal region" during forging and prevent the occurrence of flaws due to the step between the pressed part and the non-pressed part of the workpiece.
【００１５】その結果、金敷の被加工材を圧下する面を
tanθ1＝ｈ／Ｗ、tanθ2＝ｈ／２Ｗで定まるθ1、θ2に
対して、ｈ／（１−cos２θ1）≦Ｒ１≦ｈ／（１−cos
２θ2）となる曲率半径Ｒ１の円弧面とし、更に、その
被加工材を圧下する円弧面の両端部分を、曲率半径Ｒが
Ｒ≦ｈで且つＲ＜Ｒ１となる円弧面とし、前記曲率半径
がＲ１の円弧面の両端位置、つまり曲率半径がＲ１の円
弧面と曲率半径がＲの円弧面の境界位置でこれらの円弧
面が共通接面を有し、しかも、被加工材搬送方向に平行
な垂直面で金敷を切断した場合、曲率半径Ｒ１の円弧面
の中心とその円弧面の両端位置（曲率半径Ｒ１の円弧面
と曲率半径Ｒの円弧面の境界位置）とを結ぶ２本の線が
形成する角度（以下、中心角という）φを１０゜以上と
すれば、被加工材を鍛造する際に「デッドメタル域」を
縮小でき、しかも被加工材の圧下部位と非圧下部位との
段差に基づく疵の発生を防止できることが判明した。As a result, the surface on which the work piece of anvil is pressed down is
tanθ 1 = h / W, θ 1 determined by tanθ 2 = h / 2W, relative to θ 2, h / (1- cos2θ 1) ≦ R1 ≦ h / (1-cos
2θ 2 ), and the both ends of the arc surface that presses down the workpiece are arc surfaces with a curvature radius R satisfying R ≦ h and R <R1. Are located at both ends of the arc surface of R1, that is, at the boundary position between the arc surface having the radius of curvature R1 and the arc surface having the radius of curvature R, these arc surfaces have a common tangent surface and are parallel to the workpiece transfer direction. When the anvil is cut on a vertical surface, two lines connecting the center of the arc surface with the radius of curvature R1 and both ends of the arc surface (the boundary position between the arc surface with the radius of curvature R1 and the arc surface with the radius of curvature R) (Hereinafter referred to as a central angle) is set to 10 ° or more, the “dead metal region” can be reduced when forging the work material, and furthermore, the area between the pressed portion and the non-pressed portion of the work material can be reduced. It has been found that the generation of flaws due to steps can be prevented.
【００１６】更に、被加工材として純鉛を用いて冷間で
自由鍛造し、従来型の平金敷を用いた場合と被加工材を
圧下する面及びその両端をいずれも円弧面とした金敷を
用いた場合との幅広がり量を比較した。その結果、被加
工材を圧下する面及びその両端をいずれも円弧面とした
金敷を用いた場合には、従来型の平金敷を用いた場合に
比べて各圧下時の幅広がり量が低減することが分かっ
た。このことから、被加工材を圧下する面及びその両端
をいずれも円弧面とした金敷を用いて熱間自由鍛造すれ
ば鍛造効率が高まることも判明した。Further, a free forging is performed in a cold state using pure lead as a work material, and a case where a conventional flat anvil is used and a case where a surface to which the work is pressed down and both ends of which are circular arc surfaces are used. The width spread was compared with the case where it was used. As a result, in the case of using an anvil with a surface for rolling down the workpiece and both ends of which are arcuate surfaces, the width spread amount at each reduction is reduced as compared with the case of using a conventional flat anvil. I understood that. From this fact, it was also found that forging efficiency was improved by hot free forging using an anvil having a surface on which the workpiece was lowered and both ends of which were arcuate.
【００１７】本発明は上記の知見に基づいて完成された
ものである。The present invention has been completed based on the above findings.
【００１８】本発明に係る自由鍛造用金敷としては、例
えば図１に示すような、曲率半径Ｒ１の円弧面１と曲率
半径Ｒ２の２つの円弧面２の２種類の円弧面（但し、Ｒ
１＞Ｒ２）からなり、被加工材を圧下する円弧面１の両
端位置３で前記円弧面１と円弧面２とが共通接面を有す
る金敷Ｄ１がある。なお、図１では被加工材を圧下する
円弧面１以外の円弧面の数が２のものを示したが、２に
限らず３以上であっても良い。又、図１では円弧面１以
外の円弧面の曲率半径をＲ２の等しいものとして示した
が、円弧面１の曲率半径Ｒ１より小さければ、曲率半径
が異なる円弧面であっても良い。但し、同一の金敷で複
数工程の加工を行うために被加工材の搬送方向を圧下工
程毎に逆転させるような場合には、各工程で安定して加
工が行えるように、円弧面１の両側に位置する円弧面の
部分は左右対称な形状、つまり円弧面１の両端の円弧面
の総数を２以上の偶数とし、各対称となる円弧面の曲率
半径を等しくすることが好ましい。As the metal forging for free forging according to the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, two types of arc surfaces (an arc surface 1 having a radius of curvature R1 and an arc surface 2 having a radius of curvature R2) are used.
1> R2), there is an anvil D1 in which the arc surface 1 and the arc surface 2 have a common tangent surface at both end positions 3 of the arc surface 1 for rolling down the workpiece. Although FIG. 1 shows the case where the number of arc surfaces other than the arc surface 1 for rolling down the workpiece is two, the number is not limited to two and may be three or more. Further, in FIG. 1, the curvature radii of the arc surfaces other than the arc surface 1 are shown as being equal to R2. However, if the curvature radii of the arc surface 1 are smaller than the curvature radii R1, the arc surfaces may have different curvature radii. However, in the case where the conveying direction of the workpiece is reversed in each of the pressing processes in order to perform the processes in a plurality of processes with the same anvil, both sides of the arc surface 1 are stably processed in each process. Is preferably a bilaterally symmetric shape, that is, the total number of arc surfaces at both ends of the arc surface 1 is an even number of 2 or more, and the curvature radius of each symmetric arc surface is preferably equal.
【００１９】なお、上記においてＲ１≦Ｒ２の場合には
金敷の被加工材を圧下する面の中央部が尖った形状とな
るため、被加工材を圧下する領域が狭くなって鍛造効率
が低下する。特に、Ｒ１＝Ｒ２の場合には、被加工材の
搬送方向の圧下ピッチが長いと被加工材の圧下面が波打
った状態となり疵発生の原因となるので、被加工材の搬
送方向の圧下ピッチを短くする必要があって鍛造効率が
低くなるという問題も生ずる。したがって、本発明に係
る金敷の円弧面は、Ｒ１＞Ｒ２である円弧面からなるも
の、つまり、被加工材を圧下する円弧面及び前記円弧面
の曲率半径よりも小径で前記円弧面の両端から被加工材
搬送方向の前後に形成される円弧面からなるものとし
た。In the above case, when R1 ≦ R2, the central portion of the surface of the anvil that presses down the workpiece has a pointed shape, so that the region in which the workpiece is pressed down becomes narrower and the forging efficiency decreases. . In particular, in the case of R1 = R2, if the rolling pitch in the conveying direction of the workpiece is long, the pressing surface of the workpiece becomes wavy and causes flaws. There is also a problem that the pitch needs to be shortened and the forging efficiency is reduced. Therefore, the arc surface of the anvil according to the present invention is formed of an arc surface satisfying R1> R2, that is, an arc surface for rolling down a workpiece and a radius smaller than the radius of curvature of the arc surface, and from both ends of the arc surface. It consisted of arcuate surfaces formed before and after in the workpiece transfer direction.
【００２０】なお、Ｒ１とＲ２の関係は（１／１００）
Ｒ１≦Ｒ２≦（１／２）Ｒ１とすることが好ましい。The relationship between R1 and R2 is (1/100)
It is preferable that R1 ≦ R2 ≦ (1/2) R1.
【００２１】被加工材（例えば通常の方法で溶製された
鋼塊）は、上記の本発明に係る金敷を有する鍛造プレス
によって、各圧下毎に所定の量搬送されつつ自由鍛造さ
れる。本発明に係る金敷を用いることで自由鍛造時、被
加工材の圧下面には均一な塑性歪みが加わり、その結
果、加工後（鍛造後）の被加工材の組織は全体に微細化
する。このため、難加工材でも鍛造割れを生じることが
なく、しかも高い生産能率で自由鍛造を行うことが可能
となる。The workpiece (for example, a steel ingot melted by an ordinary method) is freely forged while being conveyed by a predetermined amount for each reduction by the forging press having the anvil according to the present invention. By using the anvil according to the present invention, at the time of free forging, a uniform plastic strain is applied to the pressing surface of the workpiece, and as a result, the structure of the workpiece after processing (after forging) is entirely refined. For this reason, free forging can be performed with high production efficiency without causing forging cracks even in difficult-to-machine materials.
【００２２】以下、実施例により本発明を詳しく説明す
る。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
【００２３】[0023]
【実施例】難加工性の材料である２５％Ｃｒ−３５％Ｎ
ｉ−３％Ｍｏ−Ｆｅを基本の成分組成とする合金鋼を通
常の方法によって試験炉溶製して、断面が４９０ｍｍ×
４９０ｍｍの矩形で長さが２０００ｍｍの鋼塊とし、こ
れを１２９０℃に加熱してから、従来の平金敷を有す
る鍛造プレス、本発明に係る金敷を有する鍛造プレ
ス、でそれぞれ熱間自由鍛造して対辺１８０ｍｍの角ビ
レットに成形して表面性状を比較した。EXAMPLE 25% Cr-35% N which is a difficult-to-work material
An alloy steel having a basic component composition of i-3% Mo-Fe was melted in a test furnace by a normal method, and the cross section was 490 mm ×
A 490 mm rectangular ingot with a length of 2000 mm was heated to 1290 ° C. and then hot free forged by a forging press having a conventional flat anvil and a forging press having an anvil according to the present invention. It was formed into a square billet having a width of 180 mm on the opposite side and the surface properties were compared.
【００２４】の従来の平金敷を有する鍛造プレスでの
熱間自由鍛造は、上記の１２９０℃に加熱した断面が４
９０ｍｍ×４９０ｍｍの矩形で長さが２０００ｍｍの鋼
塊を、図２の平坦面４の長さが１２０ｍｍ、テーパ面５
の長さが片側１２０ｍｍで、傾斜角θが２０゜である従
来の平金敷を有する鍛造プレスによって、各工程毎に圧
下方向を９０゜ずつ変えながら８工程で対辺１８０ｍｍ
の角ビレットに成形した。この際の各工程の圧下率は２
０〜３０％として鍛造した。In the conventional hot free forging with a forging press having a flat anvil, the cross section heated to 1290 ° C.
A 90 mm × 490 mm rectangular steel ingot having a length of 2000 mm was prepared by using a flat surface 4 of FIG.
By a forging press having a conventional flat metal anvil with a length of 120 mm on one side and an inclination angle θ of 20 °, the opposite side is 180 mm in 8 steps while changing the rolling direction by 90 ° for each step.
Into a square billet. At this time, the rolling reduction of each process is 2
Forged as 0-30%.
【００２５】一方、の本発明に係る金敷を有する鍛造
プレスでの熱間自由鍛造は、上記の１２９０℃に加熱し
た断面が４９０ｍｍ×４９０ｍｍの矩形で長さが２００
０ｍｍの鋼塊を、曲率半径６５０ｍｍで既に述べた中心
角が２５゜の円弧面及びその円弧面の両端に連続し、且
つ、共通接面を有する曲率半径５０ｍｍの２つの円弧面
から構成された被加工材搬送方向の長さ３６０ｍｍの金
敷を有する鍛造プレスによって、各工程毎に圧下方向を
９０゜ずつ変えながら８工程で対辺１８０ｍｍの角ビレ
ットに成形した。この際の各工程の圧下率は前記の場
合と同じ２０〜３０％とした。On the other hand, in the hot free forging with the forging press having the anvil according to the present invention, the section heated to 1290 ° C. is a rectangle having a cross section of 490 mm × 490 mm and a length of 200 mm.
A 0 mm steel ingot was composed of an arc surface having a radius of curvature of 650 mm and a central angle of 25 ° already described, and two arc surfaces continuous with both ends of the arc surface and having a common contact surface and a radius of curvature of 50 mm. A forging press having an anvil with a length of 360 mm in the conveying direction of the workpiece was formed into a square billet of 180 mm across sides in 8 steps while changing the rolling direction by 90 ° for each step. The rolling reduction in each step at this time was set to 20 to 30%, which is the same as the above case.
【００２６】なお、圧下率とは被加工材の圧下前の高さ
をＨ、前記した圧下量をｈとするとき、（ｈ／Ｈ）×１
００で表される数値（％）のことをいう。The rolling reduction is defined as (h / H) × 1 where H is the height of the workpiece before rolling, and h is the rolling amount.
It means a numerical value (%) represented by 00.
【００２７】上記のようにして得た対辺１８０ｍｍの角
ビレットの表面性状を目視観察した結果、の従来の平
金敷を有する鍛造プレスで熱間自由鍛造した場合には、
角ビレット表面に微小な割れが数多く存在していた。一
方、の本発明に係る金敷を有する鍛造プレスで熱間自
由鍛造した場合には、角ビレットには割れ及び疵は認め
られなかった。As a result of visually observing the surface properties of the 180-mm square billet obtained as described above, when hot forging was performed with a conventional forging press having a flat anvil,
Many small cracks were present on the surface of the square billet. On the other hand, when hot forging was performed with a forging press having an anvil according to the present invention, no cracks or flaws were found in the square billet.
【００２８】次に、上記の対辺１８０ｍｍの角ビレット
を切断して顕微鏡で組織を観察した。この結果、の本
発明に係る金敷を有する鍛造プレスで熱間自由鍛造して
得た場合には角ビレット全体に微細化した組織であるこ
とが確認できた。Next, the above-mentioned square billet having the opposite side of 180 mm was cut and the structure was observed with a microscope. As a result, it was confirmed that, when the steel sheet was obtained by hot free forging with a forging press having an anvil according to the present invention, the structure was refined over the entire square billet.
【００２９】一方、の従来の平金敷を有する鍛造プレ
スでの熱間自由鍛造を、金敷は上記した図２の平坦面４
の長さが１２０ｍｍ、テーパ面５の長さが片側１２０ｍ
ｍで、傾斜角θが２０゜である従来の平金敷であるが、
その鍛造工程を各圧下毎の搬送量を半減させ、且つ４工
程終了時に再加熱して、８工程で対辺１８０ｍｍの角ビ
レットに成形した。この場合の対辺１８０ｍｍの角ビレ
ットの表面性状を目視観察した結果、角ビレットには割
れ及び疵は認められなかった。しかし、この鍛造工程は
生産性が極めて劣り前記の本発明に係る金敷を有する
鍛造プレスで鍛造した場合の２倍の加工時間を要し、し
かも再加熱のための時間をも要する鍛造効率の極めて低
いものであった。On the other hand, the conventional free forging with a forging press having a flat anvil is performed by using the flat surface 4 shown in FIG.
Is 120 mm, and the length of the tapered surface 5 is 120 m on one side
m, the inclination angle θ is 20 °.
In the forging process, the conveyance amount for each reduction was reduced by half, and reheating was performed at the end of the four steps, and the billet was formed into a square billet having a width of 180 mm on the opposite side in eight steps. In this case, as a result of visually observing the surface properties of the square billet having the opposite side of 180 mm, no crack or flaw was recognized in the square billet. However, this forging process is extremely inferior in productivity and requires twice as much processing time as in the case of forging with the forging press having the anvil according to the present invention, and also requires extremely long time for reheating. It was low.
【００３０】[0030]
【発明の効果】本発明の自由鍛造用金敷を用いれば、組
織が微細化するので割れなどの欠陥を防止できるので歩
留りが高まり、更に、生産能率を低下させることなく熱
間自由鍛造することができる。According to the metal forging for free forging of the present invention, since the structure becomes finer, defects such as cracks can be prevented, the yield can be increased, and the hot free forging can be performed without lowering the production efficiency. it can.
【図１】本発明に係る自由鍛造用金敷を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a view showing an anvil for free forging according to the present invention.
【図２】従来の平金敷のうちテーパ面を有する平金敷を
備えた鍛造プレスを用いた自由鍛造方式を示す図であ
る。（ａ）は鍛造プレスで被加工材を加工している状
態、（ｂ）は平金敷である。FIG. 2 is a view showing a free forging method using a forging press provided with a flat anvil having a tapered surface among conventional flat anvils. (A) is a state in which a workpiece is being processed by a forging press, and (b) is a flat anvil.
【図３】従来の平金敷のうち円弧面を有する平金敷を備
えた鍛造プレスを用いた自由鍛造方式を示す図である。
（ａ）は鍛造プレスで被加工材を加工している状態、
（ｂ）は平金敷である。FIG. 3 is a view showing a free forging method using a forging press provided with a flat anvil having an arc surface among conventional flat anvils.
(A) is a state in which the workpiece is being processed by a forging press,
(B) is a flat anvil.
Ａ：被加工材、 Ｄ１：本発明に係る金敷、 Ｄ２、Ｄ３：従来型の平金敷、 Ｒ１、Ｒ２：本発明に係る金敷の円弧面の曲率半径、 ２Ｗ：金敷の被加工材搬送方向の長さ、 １、２：円弧面、 ３：円弧面１と円弧面２の境界位置、 ４：平坦面、 ５：テーパ面、 ６：円弧面、 θ：テーパ面傾斜角 A: Workpiece, D1: Anvil according to the present invention, D2, D3: Conventional flat anvil, R1, R2: Curvature radius of arc surface of anvil according to the present invention, 2W: In the direction of workpiece transport in anvil Length: 1, 2: arc surface, 3: boundary position between arc surface 1 and arc surface 2, 4: flat surface, 5: taper surface, 6: arc surface, θ: taper surface inclination angle
Claims (1)
圧下する円弧面及び前記円弧面の曲率半径よりも小径で
前記円弧面の両端から被加工材搬送方向の前後に形成さ
れる円弧面からなり、且つ、被加工材を圧下する円弧面
の両端位置で被加工材を圧下する円弧面と前記小径の円
弧面とが共通接面を有することを特徴とする自由鍛造用
金敷。1. An anvil for hot free forging, comprising: an arc surface for rolling down a workpiece; and a diameter smaller than a radius of curvature of the arc surface, formed before and after both ends of the arc surface in a workpiece conveying direction. Forging for free forging, characterized in that the arc surface for reducing the workpiece at both ends of the arc surface for reducing the workpiece and the small-diameter arc surface have a common contact surface. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16463397A JP3266053B2 (en) | 1997-06-20 | 1997-06-20 | Anvil for free forging |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16463397A JP3266053B2 (en) | 1997-06-20 | 1997-06-20 | Anvil for free forging |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1110271A true JPH1110271A (en) | 1999-01-19 |
| JP3266053B2 JP3266053B2 (en) | 2002-03-18 |
Family
ID=15796918
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16463397A Expired - Fee Related JP3266053B2 (en) | 1997-06-20 | 1997-06-20 | Anvil for free forging |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3266053B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015052826A1 (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2015-04-16 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Forging method |
| CN112658190A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-04-16 | 河南科技大学 | Steel ingot CWFF forging method and convex wide anvil |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106964739A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-07-21 | 宝鸡市博信金属材料有限公司 | A kind of metal forging equipment with cambered surface tup at an angle to each other |
-
1997
- 1997-06-20 JP JP16463397A patent/JP3266053B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015052826A1 (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2015-04-16 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Forging method |
| CN112658190A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-04-16 | 河南科技大学 | Steel ingot CWFF forging method and convex wide anvil |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3266053B2 (en) | 2002-03-18 |
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