JPH1110199A - Chemical injection method and apparatus for sludge dewatering process - Google Patents
Chemical injection method and apparatus for sludge dewatering processInfo
- Publication number
- JPH1110199A JPH1110199A JP9160904A JP16090497A JPH1110199A JP H1110199 A JPH1110199 A JP H1110199A JP 9160904 A JP9160904 A JP 9160904A JP 16090497 A JP16090497 A JP 16090497A JP H1110199 A JPH1110199 A JP H1110199A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sludge
- chemical
- dewatered
- measured
- luminous intensity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は汚泥を脱水する際の
脱水効率を高めるため、汚泥に薬品を注入する方法及び
その装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for injecting a chemical into sludge in order to increase the dewatering efficiency when dewatering sludge.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年の生活水準の向上とか下水排除方式
の変遷と整備の進捗に伴って下水処理場に流入する下水
中の有機物濃度が増加しており、そのため濃縮装置にお
ける汚泥の腐敗が進行して濃縮性が低下し、後続する汚
泥処理システムの処理効率の低下とか返流水による水処
理システムへの有機物負荷増大を引き起こす要因となっ
ている。2. Description of the Related Art The concentration of organic matter in sewage flowing into a sewage treatment plant has increased with the recent improvement of living standards and the transition of sewage elimination systems and the progress of maintenance. As a result, the concentration property is reduced, which causes a reduction in the treatment efficiency of the subsequent sludge treatment system and an increase in the organic matter load on the water treatment system due to the return water.
【０００３】更に下水道の普及に伴って下水処理水量も
年々増加しており、汚泥の発生量もほぼ同じ比率で増加
している。この都市下水処理場における水処理施設で発
生した余剰汚泥とか最初沈澱池で発生した生汚泥は、水
処理施設の系外に引き抜かれて汚泥処理施設に輸送さ
れ、濃縮，消化，脱水等の工程を経て最終処分が行われ
る。Further, with the spread of sewers, the amount of sewage treated water is increasing year by year, and the amount of sludge generated is increasing at almost the same rate. Excess sludge generated in the water treatment facility at this municipal sewage treatment plant or raw sludge initially generated in the sedimentation basin is drawn out of the water treatment facility and transported to the sludge treatment facility, where it is subjected to processes such as concentration, digestion, and dehydration. The final disposal is performed through.
【０００４】汚泥の集約処理を行うには、各処理場にて
発生する汚泥を集中汚泥処理場に輸送する必要がある
が、濃縮装置の運転の良否は後続の汚泥処理システムの
みならず、水処理システムにも影響を与える。例えば汚
泥量は含水率によって著しく左右されるので汚泥を濃縮
脱水して減量することは以後の処理過程での施設の容量
が節約されるという効果を生む。[0004] In order to carry out the intensive treatment of sludge, it is necessary to transport the sludge generated at each treatment plant to a centralized sludge treatment plant. It also affects processing systems. For example, since the amount of sludge is greatly affected by the water content, concentrating and dewatering sludge to reduce the amount has the effect of saving the capacity of the facility in the subsequent processing steps.
【０００５】一般に汚泥はコロイド状の微粒子を主体と
して構成され、この汚泥粒子の表面は負に帯電して互い
に反発しあっているため、このままの状態で機械的に脱
水することは困難である。このため、脱水する汚泥に薬
品を注入して汚泥粒子間の反発力を弱めるとともに凝集
力を増大し、粒子間の粗粒化をはかってフロックを生成
させ、汚泥を固液分離する手段が知られている（下水道
維持管理指南 ポンプ場・処理場施設編 １９９１年版
の第４６７頁参照）。In general, sludge is mainly composed of colloidal fine particles, and the surface of the sludge particles is negatively charged and repels each other. Therefore, it is difficult to mechanically dewater the sludge as it is. For this reason, a means for injecting a chemical into sludge to be dewatered to weaken the repulsive force between the sludge particles and increase the cohesive force, generate floc by coarsening the particles, and separate the sludge into solid and liquid is known. (Refer to the 1991 edition, pp. 467 of the 1991 edition of pumping station and treatment plant facilities).
【０００６】又、脱水機の種類によってポリマー等の高
分子凝集剤を主体とする有機凝集剤とか、塩化第二鉄と
か消石灰等の無機凝集剤を使用する。この有機凝集剤は
無機凝集剤に較べて注入率が少なくてもよいため、汚泥
のケーキ量が増加せず、汚泥の焼却とか埋立処分にも有
利である。従って近年は有機凝集剤を用いた遠心脱水機
とかベルトプレス濾過機が多用されている。Depending on the type of the dehydrator, an organic coagulant mainly comprising a polymer coagulant such as a polymer, or an inorganic coagulant such as ferric chloride or slaked lime is used. Since the organic coagulant may have a lower injection rate than the inorganic coagulant, the amount of sludge cake does not increase, which is advantageous for sludge incineration and landfill disposal. Therefore, in recent years, a centrifugal dehydrator or a belt press filter using an organic flocculant has been frequently used.
【０００７】汚泥の凝集剤には有機性のものと無機性の
ものがあり、その使用区分は通常汚泥脱水機の種類によ
って決定され、ベルトプレス濾過機とか遠心脱水機には
有機凝集剤を採用し、真空濾過機とか加圧濾過機には無
機凝集剤を採用するのが一般的である。前記したように
有機凝集剤の薬品注入率、即ち、汚泥乾燥固形物重量に
対する凝集剤の重量の割合は非常に少なくて済むという
利点がある（下水道施設計画 設計指南と解説 後編
１９９４年版の第３２２頁参照）。[0007] There are organic flocculants and inorganic flocculants. The category of use is usually determined by the type of sludge dewatering machine, and an organic flocculant is used for a belt press filter or a centrifugal dewatering machine. In general, an inorganic coagulant is used for a vacuum filter or a pressure filter. As described above, there is an advantage that the chemical injection rate of the organic flocculant, that is, the ratio of the weight of the flocculant to the sludge dry solid weight can be extremely small (sewerage facility planning, design guidance and commentary part 2)
1994, p. 322).
【０００８】[0008]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】前記したように下水処
理場に流入する下水中の有機物濃度の増加に起因して濃
縮装置における汚泥の腐敗が進行して濃縮性が低下し、
後続する汚泥処理システムの処理効率の低下とか返流水
による水処理システムへの有機物負荷増大を引き起こす
問題がある。特に汚泥集約処理の場合には、下水汚泥の
パイプ輸送を行う際に輸送中の圧送区間で管内が満管に
なるため、嫌気状態になった汚泥中で嫌気性微生物が有
機物を分解して汚泥の腐敗が進行し、施設の腐食、悪臭
の発生、濃縮性の悪化、脱水性の悪化、返流水負荷の増
大等の問題を引き起こす。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION As described above, the sludge in a thickening device progresses due to an increase in the concentration of organic matter in sewage flowing into a sewage treatment plant, and the thickening property is reduced.
There is a problem that the treatment efficiency of the succeeding sludge treatment system is reduced or the organic matter load on the water treatment system due to the return water is increased. Especially in the case of sludge consolidation treatment, anaerobic microorganisms decompose organic matter in sludge that has become anaerobic because the inside of the pipe becomes full during the pumping section during transportation when pipe transporting sewage sludge. Rot progresses, causing problems such as corrosion of the facility, generation of offensive odor, deterioration of concentration, deterioration of dehydration, and an increase in return water load.
【０００９】又、汚泥濃縮タンクでの固形物回収率が低
いと、分離液中に多量のｓｓ（浮遊物質）成分が含ま
れ、水処理施設に影響を与えることがある。汚泥の濃縮
には重力式，浮上式及び遠心濃縮式があり、一般に重力
式が多用されているが、近時は汚泥の沈降性及び濃縮性
が悪くなってきており、特に夏季には濃縮汚泥の濃度低
下とか汚泥の一部が浮上して固形物回収率が低下するこ
とがある。そこで先ず重力式を用いて沈降性が悪くなっ
てきたときに余剰汚泥だけを浮上式又は遠心濃縮する方
法も考えられるが、２種類の汚泥濃縮タンクを設けると
維持管理が複雑になって不経済であるという問題が生じ
る。[0009] When the solids recovery rate in the sludge concentration tank is low, a large amount of ss (suspended substances) components are contained in the separated liquid, which may affect the water treatment facility. There are gravity type, floating type and centrifugal concentration type for sludge concentration. Generally, gravity type is frequently used, but recently the sedimentation and concentration of sludge have become worse, especially in the summer, concentrated sludge. The solids recovery rate may decrease due to a decrease in the concentration of the sludge or a part of the sludge floating. Therefore, it is conceivable to first use a gravity method to separate only the excess sludge by floating or centrifugal concentrating when the sedimentation becomes poor. However, if two types of sludge thickening tanks are provided, the maintenance and management becomes complicated and uneconomical Problem arises.
【００１０】前記したように汚泥の粒子は負に帯電し、
互いに反発しあっているため、粒子同士の凝集が妨げら
れている。このような汚泥に対して正の電荷を持つ凝集
剤を添加すると、電気的中和現象が生じて粒子間の結合
が促進される。有機凝集剤ではフロックの架橋結合が行
われ、無機凝集剤では水酸化物が生成されて汚泥粒子が
粗大化されて汚泥の固液分離、脱水性が改善される。As described above, the sludge particles are negatively charged,
Since the particles repel each other, aggregation of the particles is prevented. When a flocculant having a positive charge is added to such sludge, an electrical neutralization phenomenon occurs and the bonding between particles is promoted. In the case of an organic flocculant, the floc is cross-linked, and in the case of an inorganic flocculant, hydroxide is generated and the sludge particles are coarsened to improve the solid-liquid separation and dewatering properties of the sludge.
【００１１】このような薬品の注入方法には、流動電量
計による汚泥脱水工程での高分子凝集剤注入制御方法が
あり（〔株〕荏原総合研究所 五十嵐ら，第３３回下水
道研究発表会講演集，第８１１頁〜８１３頁参照）、下
水汚泥の安定処理のためにベルトプレスを使用した自動
制御システムも採用されている（東京都下水道局施設管
理部 関ら，月間下水道，Ｖｏｌ．１６，Ｎｏ１２，１
９９３年参照）。As a method for injecting such a chemical, there is a method for controlling the injection of a polymer flocculant in a sludge dewatering step using a flow coulometer (Ebara Research Institute Co., Ltd., Igarashi et al., Lecture at the 33rd Sewer Research Conference). , Pages 811 to 813), and an automatic control system using a belt press for the stable treatment of sewage sludge is also employed (Seki, Tokyo Metropolitan Sewerage Bureau Facility Management Department, Monthly Sewer, Vol. 16, Vol. No12,1
993).
【００１２】特に高分子凝集剤等の薬品添加量は、汚泥
濃度計と汚泥流量計を用いて固形物あたりの添加量が一
定になるように制御する方法が一般に用いられている。
上記高分子凝集剤の添加量は脱水効果及び経済性に大き
く影響するため、適正に制御することが肝要である。
又、脱水工程以後の処理を容易にするためには脱水ケー
キの含水率を一定にすることが重要である。In particular, a method is generally used in which the amount of chemicals such as a polymer flocculant is controlled using a sludge concentration meter and a sludge flow meter so that the addition amount per solid is constant.
Since the amount of the polymer coagulant added greatly affects the dehydration effect and economic efficiency, it is important to appropriately control the amount.
Further, it is important to keep the water content of the dehydrated cake constant in order to facilitate the treatment after the dehydration step.
【００１３】しかし実際には汚泥量とか汚泥性状の変動
などの様々な要因が関連しており、その調整はオペレー
タの経験に負う場合が多く、自動化されたことによって
応答性とか信頼性に優れて操作が容易な薬品注入制御方
法は実現されていないのが実情である。However, actually, various factors such as the amount of sludge and fluctuations in sludge properties are related, and the adjustment is often dependent on the experience of the operator, and the automation is excellent in responsiveness and reliability. The fact is that a drug injection control method that is easy to operate has not been realized.
【００１４】そこで本発明は上記の問題点に鑑みてなさ
れたものであって、薬品の注入を自動化して応答性と信
頼性を高め、且つ脱水ケーキの含水率を一定にすること
ができる汚泥脱水工程における薬品注入方法とその装置
を提供することを目的とするものである。Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to automate the injection of chemicals to improve responsiveness and reliability and to keep the water content of a dewatered cake constant. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for injecting a chemical in a dehydration step.
【００１５】[0015]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は上記の課題を解
決するために、汚泥に添加する凝集剤等の薬品を定量し
て、薬品ポンプと薬品流量計を介して所定量の汚泥が流
入する凝集混和槽に供給する工程と、この凝集混和槽内
でフロック粒子として凝集された汚泥を次段のベルトプ
レス濾過機の重力脱水部により重力脱水汚泥と脱水濾液
とに固液分離する工程と、得られた重力脱水汚泥を上濾
布及び下濾布間で加圧・圧搾して付着水を脱水し、汚泥
ケーキを得る工程と、前記脱水濾液を光度測定装置に送
り込んで光度を測定する工程と、測定した光度のデータ
と前記薬品流量計で測定した薬品流量データに基づいて
薬品の注入量を演算により決定し、コントローラの制御
出力によって前記薬品ポンプの駆動制御を行う工程とか
ら成る汚泥脱水工程における薬品注入方法とその装置を
提供する。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention quantifies chemicals such as a flocculant added to sludge and allows a predetermined amount of sludge to flow through a chemical pump and a chemical flow meter. A step of supplying the flocculated mixing tank to the flocculating and mixing tank, and a step of solid-liquid separating the sludge that has been flocculated as floc particles in the flocculating and mixing tank into a gravity-dewatered sludge and a dewatered filtrate by a gravity dewatering unit of the next-stage belt press filter The step of obtaining the sludge cake by pressing and pressing the obtained gravity dewatered sludge between the upper filter cloth and the lower filter cloth to dehydrate the adhered water, and sending the dehydrated filtrate to a photometer to measure the luminous intensity And sludge comprising a step of calculating the amount of medicine to be injected based on the measured light intensity data and the medicine flow rate data measured by the medicine flow meter, and controlling the drive of the medicine pump by a control output of a controller. Dehydrator It provides dosing method and apparatus in.
【００１６】上記脱水濾液の光度測定装置に代えて、三
刺激値Ｙの測定装置もしくは紫外線吸光度（Ｅ550）の
測定装置を用いる例と、脱水濾液の光度を光度測定装置
により測定し、且つ脱水濾液の毛管吸引時間をＣＳＴ計
により測定して、測定した光度のデータと毛管吸引時間
のデータ及び薬品流量計で測定した薬品流量データに基
づいて薬品の注入量を演算により決定し、コントローラ
の制御出力によって薬品ポンプの駆動制御を行うように
した薬品注入方法と装置の構成を実現手段としている。An example in which a device for measuring the tristimulus value Y or a device for measuring the ultraviolet absorbance (E 550 ) is used in place of the device for measuring the luminosity of the dehydrated filtrate, and the luminosity of the dehydrated filtrate is measured by a photometer and the The capillary suction time of the filtrate is measured by a CST meter, and the injection amount of the drug is determined by calculation based on the measured luminous intensity data, the data of the capillary suction time, and the drug flow rate data measured by the drug flow meter, and the controller controls the controller. The means for implementing the method and apparatus for injecting a chemical in which the drive of the chemical pump is controlled by the output is used as the realizing means.
【００１７】更に汚泥を凝集混和槽に送り込む管路に、
汚泥濃度計と汚泥流量計を配設し、脱水前の汚泥の濃度
と流量及び前記光度のデータと薬品流量データ及び汚泥
濃度と汚泥流量に基づいて薬品の注入量を演算により決
定し、コントローラの制御出力によって薬品ポンプの駆
動制御を行う薬品注入方法と装置を提供する。Further, in a pipeline for feeding sludge into the coagulation mixing tank,
A sludge concentration meter and a sludge flow meter are provided, and the concentration of the sludge before dehydration and the flow rate of the sludge, the data of the luminous intensity and the chemical flow rate data, and the injection amount of the chemical are determined by calculation based on the sludge concentration and the sludge flow rate. Provided is a method and an apparatus for injecting a drug for controlling the driving of a drug pump by a control output.
【００１８】かかる薬品注入方法とその装置によれば、
汚泥に添加する凝集剤等の薬品を定量し、薬品ポンプと
薬品流量計を介して凝集混和槽に供給すると同時に該凝
集混和槽に汚泥ポンプを介して所定量の汚泥を供給して
十分に混合することにより、汚泥がフロック粒子として
凝集され、次段のベルトプレス濾過機の重力脱水部によ
り重力脱水汚泥と濾液とに固液分離されるので、この重
力脱水汚泥を重力濾過部の上濾布と下濾布間で加圧・圧
搾することによって汚泥の間隙水とかフロック粒子の付
着水が脱水されて汚泥ケーキが得られる。According to such a method and apparatus for injecting a chemical,
Quantify the coagulant and other chemicals to be added to the sludge and supply them to the coagulation mixing tank via a chemical pump and a chemical flow meter, and at the same time supply a predetermined amount of sludge to the coagulation mixing tank via a sludge pump and mix thoroughly. As a result, the sludge is agglomerated as floc particles and solid-liquid separated into gravity-dewatered sludge and filtrate by the gravity dewatering unit of the next-stage belt press filter. By pressurizing and squeezing between the filter cloth and the lower filter cloth, the pore water of the sludge and the attached water of the floc particles are dehydrated to obtain a sludge cake.
【００１９】加圧・圧搾により生じた脱水濾液の光度を
光度測定装置で測定して光度のデータをコントローラに
送り込むことにより、該コントローラが光度と薬品流量
計で測定した薬品流量データとから薬品の注入量を演算
により決定し、薬品ポンプの駆動制御が行われる。The luminosity of the dehydrated filtrate generated by pressurization and squeezing is measured by a luminometer, and the luminosity data is sent to the controller. The injection amount is determined by calculation, and drive control of the chemical pump is performed.
【００２０】又、脱水濾液の光度とともに毛管吸引時間
（ＣＳＴ）を測定し、コントローラが測定された光度と
ＣＳＴ値及び薬品流量データとから薬品の注入量を演算
により決定し、薬品ポンプの駆動制御が行われる。薬品
注入量の制御として、薬品流量の外、薬品量又は薬品流
量＋薬品量制御とすることもできる。Further, the capillary suction time (CST) is measured together with the luminous intensity of the dehydrated filtrate, and the controller determines the injection amount of the chemical from the measured luminous intensity, the CST value and the chemical flow rate data by calculation, and controls the drive of the chemical pump. Is performed. As the control of the chemical injection amount, it is also possible to control the chemical amount or the chemical flow amount + the chemical amount control in addition to the chemical flow rate.
【００２１】更に汚泥ポンプと凝集混和槽間の管路に汚
泥濃度計と汚泥流量計を配設して脱水前の汚泥の濃度と
流量をコントローラに入力することにより、測定された
脱水濾液の光度をフィードバック的に活用し、脱水前の
汚泥の濃度と流量をフィードフォワード的に活用して、
脱水前の汚泥の固形物変動に対応した薬品の注入量を決
定することができる。Further, a sludge concentration meter and a sludge flow meter are provided in a pipe between the sludge pump and the coagulation mixing tank, and the concentration and flow rate of the sludge before dewatering are inputted to a controller, whereby the measured luminous intensity of the dehydrated filtrate is measured. Is utilized in a feedback manner, and the concentration and flow rate of the sludge before dehydration are utilized in a feedforward manner.
It is possible to determine the injection amount of the chemical corresponding to the change in the solid matter of the sludge before dehydration.
【００２２】[0022]
【発明の実施の形態】以下に本発明にかかる汚泥脱水工
程における薬品注入方法とその装置の具体的な各種実施
例について説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, various specific examples of a method and an apparatus for injecting a chemical in a sludge dewatering step according to the present invention will be described.
【００２３】図１は本発明の第１実施例にかかる薬品注
入システムの概要図であり、先ず主要な構成要素を説明
すると、１は薬品搬入ホイスト、２は薬品タンク、３は
薬品定量フィーダ、４は薬品溶解水、５は薬品溶解タン
ク、６ａは薬品ポンプ、７は薬品流量計、８は凝集混和
槽、６ｂは汚泥ポンプ、９はコントローラである。凝集
混和槽８には撹拌機構８ａを設けてある。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a chemical injection system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. First, main components will be described. 1 is a chemical carry-in hoist, 2 is a chemical tank, 3 is a chemical quantitative feeder, 4 is a chemical dissolving water, 5 is a chemical dissolving tank, 6a is a chemical pump, 7 is a chemical flow meter, 8 is a coagulation mixing tank, 6b is a sludge pump, and 9 is a controller. The coagulation mixing tank 8 is provided with a stirring mechanism 8a.
【００２４】１０はベルトプレス濾過機であり、このベ
ルトプレス濾過機１０は重力脱水部１１と重力濾過部１
２を主体として構成されている。１３は重力濾過部１２
を構成する上濾布、１４は下濾布であり、これら上濾布
１３と下濾布１４はエンドレスに形成されているととも
に多数個のガイドロール１５，１５によって互いに逆方
向に回動することにより、重力脱水部１１で得られた重
力脱水汚泥１１ａを上濾布１３と下濾布１４間で加圧す
る加圧脱水ゾーンＡと、重力脱水汚泥１１ａを上濾布１
３と下濾布１４間で圧搾する圧搾脱水ゾーンＢとから形
成されている。１６は濾液ガイド、１７は脱水濾液の光
度測定装置である。Reference numeral 10 denotes a belt press filter. The belt press filter 10 includes a gravity dewatering unit 11 and a gravity filtration unit 1.
2 as a main component. 13 is a gravity filtration unit 12
The upper filter cloth 14 and the lower filter cloth 14 are formed endlessly and rotated in opposite directions by a number of guide rolls 15, 15. The pressurized dewatering zone A in which the gravity dewatered sludge 11a obtained in the gravity dewatering section 11 is pressed between the upper filter cloth 13 and the lower filter cloth 14, and the gravity dewatered sludge 11a is
3 and a press dewatering zone B for pressing between the lower filter cloth 14. 16 is a filtrate guide, and 17 is a photometric device for the dehydrated filtrate.
【００２５】上記のコントローラ９には薬品流量計７と
光度測定装置１７の各測定データが入力されており、該
コントローラ９の制御出力により薬品ポンプ６ａの駆動
制御が行われる。この制御系は従来から知られているＰ
ＩＤ制御とかファジイ制御を応用して構築する。The controller 9 receives the measurement data of the chemical flow meter 7 and the luminous intensity measuring device 17, and the control output of the controller 9 controls the driving of the chemical pump 6a. This control system uses a conventionally known P
It is constructed by applying ID control or fuzzy control.
【００２６】かかる第１実施例の構成によれば、汚泥に
添加する凝集剤等の薬品を薬品搬入ホイスト１により搬
入して薬品タンク２内に投入し、薬品定量フィーダ３で
定量して薬品溶解水４とともに薬品溶解タンク５に注入
する。この薬品溶解タンク５内で薬品と薬品溶解水４と
が混合され、薬品ポンプ６ａと薬品流量計７を介して凝
集混和槽８に供給される。According to the structure of the first embodiment, a chemical such as a flocculant to be added to the sludge is carried in by the chemical carry-in hoist 1 and charged into the chemical tank 2 and quantified by the chemical quantitative feeder 3 to dissolve the chemical. It is poured into the chemical dissolution tank 5 together with the water 4. The medicine and the medicine dissolving water 4 are mixed in the medicine dissolution tank 5 and supplied to the coagulation mixing tank 8 via the medicine pump 6 a and the medicine flow meter 7.
【００２７】この凝集混和槽８に汚泥ポンプ６ｂを介し
て所定量の汚泥を供給し、撹拌機構８ａを起動して薬品
溶解水４に溶解した薬品と汚泥を十分に混合する。A predetermined amount of sludge is supplied to the coagulation mixing tank 8 via the sludge pump 6b, and the stirring mechanism 8a is activated to sufficiently mix the chemical dissolved in the chemical dissolved water 4 with the sludge.
【００２８】薬品として高分子凝集剤を使用した場合、
凝集混和槽８で汚泥がフロック粒子として凝集された汚
泥となり、次段のベルトプレス濾過機１０を構成する重
力脱水部１１により重力脱水汚泥１１ａと濾液１１ｂと
に固液分離される。When a polymer flocculant is used as a chemical,
The sludge is flocculated as floc particles in the flocculation and mixing tank 8, and is separated into a gravity dewatered sludge 11 a and a filtrate 11 b by a gravity dewatering unit 11 constituting a belt press filter 10 at the next stage.
【００２９】得られた重力脱水汚泥１１ａはホッパ１１
ｃにより上濾布１３に供給され、下濾布１４間で加圧さ
れながら加圧脱水ゾーンＡを通過し、更に下濾布１４間
で圧搾されながら圧搾脱水ゾーンＢを通過することによ
って汚泥の間隙水とかフロック粒子の付着水が脱水さ
れ、且つ複数のガイドロール１５，１５間を波状に移動
させることにより剪断応力と圧搾力が加えられて汚泥ケ
ーキ１８が得られる。The obtained gravity dewatered sludge 11a is supplied to the hopper 11
c to the upper filter cloth 13, passes through the pressurized dewatering zone A while being pressed between the lower filter cloths 14, and further passes through the pressed dewatering zone B while being pressed between the lower filter cloths 14. The pore water and the water adhering to the floc particles are dewatered, and the shear stress and the squeezing force are applied by moving the plurality of guide rolls 15 and 15 in a wavy manner, whereby the sludge cake 18 is obtained.
【００３０】この汚泥ケーキ１８は、図外のスクレーパ
により上濾布１３及び下濾布１４から剥離し、次段の汚
泥処理工程に送り込む。汚泥ケーキ１８が剥離された上
濾布１３及び下濾布１４の目詰まりを防止するため、図
外の洗浄用ノズルから圧力水を濾布に連続的に噴射して
洗浄を行う。The sludge cake 18 is separated from the upper filter cloth 13 and the lower filter cloth 14 by a scraper (not shown) and sent to the next sludge treatment step. In order to prevent clogging of the upper filter cloth 13 and the lower filter cloth 14 from which the sludge cake 18 has been peeled off, pressure water is continuously jetted from a cleaning nozzle (not shown) to the filter cloth to perform cleaning.
【００３１】前記濾液１１ｂと、上濾布１３と下濾布１
４間で加圧圧搾されて生じて得た濾液とが混合された脱
水濾液２０を濾液ガイド１６から光度測定装置１７に送
り込み、この脱水濾液２０の光度を測定してから該脱水
濾液２０を水処理施設に返流する。測定した光度のデー
タはコントローラ９に送り込む。The filtrate 11b, the upper filter cloth 13 and the lower filter cloth 1
The dehydrated filtrate 20 mixed with the filtrate obtained by pressing and pressing between the four is sent to the photometric device 17 from the filtrate guide 16 and the luminous intensity of the dehydrated filtrate 20 is measured. Return to treatment facility. The measured light intensity data is sent to the controller 9.
【００３２】コントローラ９は、測定された脱水濾液２
０の光度と薬品流量計７で測定した薬品流量データとか
ら薬品の注入量を演算により決定し、該コントローラ９
の制御出力によって薬品ポンプ６ａの駆動制御を行う。
薬品注入量の制御として、薬品流量の外、薬品量又は薬
品流量＋薬品量制御とすることもできる。The controller 9 controls the measured dehydrated filtrate 2
From the luminous intensity of 0 and the medicine flow rate data measured by the medicine flow meter 7, the injection amount of the medicine is determined by calculation, and the controller 9
The drive output of the chemical pump 6a is controlled by the control output of.
As the control of the chemical injection amount, it is also possible to control the chemical amount or the chemical flow amount + the chemical amount control in addition to the chemical flow rate.
【００３３】図２は上記脱水濾液２０の光度測定原理を
示す概略図であり、２１はタングステンランプ、２２は
フィルタであって、該タングステンランプ２１とフィル
タ２２により標準光源が構成されている。２３はコリメ
ートレンズ、２４は集光レンズ、２５は積分球であり、
この積分球２５の中心部に脱水濾液２０が配置される。
２６は受光部であり、この受光部２６はＹフィルタ２６
ａとセンサ２６ｂにより構成されている。FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the principle of measuring the luminosity of the dehydrated filtrate 20, wherein 21 is a tungsten lamp, 22 is a filter, and the tungsten lamp 21 and the filter 22 constitute a standard light source. 23 is a collimating lens, 24 is a condenser lens, 25 is an integrating sphere,
The dehydrated filtrate 20 is arranged at the center of the integrating sphere 25.
Reference numeral 26 denotes a light receiving unit, which is a Y filter 26.
a and a sensor 26b.
【００３４】かかる装置により、タングステンランプ２
１から出力された光がデビス−ギブソンフィルタ２２を
通って標準光となり、更にコリメートレンズ２３により
平行光線となってから集光レンズ２４により積分球２５
の中心部に配置された脱水濾液２０を照射する。脱水濾
液２０を通過した光と散乱した光が積分球２５の作用で
受光部２６に集積し、集積光がＹフィルタ２６ａを通過
することにより、色度測定原理に基づいてセンサ２６ｂ
で三刺激値Ｙを測定する。この三刺激値Ｙによって脱水
濾液２０の色を判断する。脱水濾液２０が真黒の時には
三刺激値Ｙは０、真白の時に三刺激値Ｙは１００とな
る。With this device, the tungsten lamp 2
The light output from 1 passes through the Davis-Gibson filter 22 to become standard light, and further becomes a parallel light beam by the collimating lens 23, and then becomes an integrating sphere 25 by the condenser lens 24.
Irradiate the dehydrated filtrate 20 arranged at the center of the. The light having passed through the dehydrated filtrate 20 and the scattered light are accumulated on the light receiving portion 26 by the action of the integrating sphere 25, and the accumulated light passes through the Y filter 26a.
To measure the tristimulus value Y. The color of the dehydrated filtrate 20 is determined based on the tristimulus value Y. The tristimulus value Y is 0 when the dehydrated filtrate 20 is pure black, and 100 when it is pure white.
【００３５】脱水濾液２０の色を判断する指標として、
三刺激値Ｙの外にＥ550（波長５５０ｎｍにおける紫外
線吸光度）等の脱水濾液２０の色と相関のある他の指標
を用いてもよい。As an index for judging the color of the dehydrated filtrate 20,
In addition to the tristimulus value Y, another index having a correlation with the color of the dehydrated filtrate 20 such as E 550 (ultraviolet absorbance at a wavelength of 550 nm) may be used.
【００３６】ここで前記三刺激値Ｙについて簡単に説明
すると、上水試験方法「５．色の単色表示」によれば、
「色の単色表示とは主波長（色相），刺激純度及び明度
によって表したものをいい、色度の測定ができない着色
水の色の状態を示すもの」と規定されている。主波長と
は試料の呈色に最も寄与している光の波長をいい、色相
とは主波長によって呈せられる色の鮮やかさをいい、明
度とは明るさをいう。Here, the tristimulus value Y will be briefly described. According to the water supply test method “5.
It is defined as "a monochromatic display of color means a color expressed by a dominant wavelength (hue), stimulus purity and lightness, and indicates a color state of colored water in which chromaticity cannot be measured". The principal wavelength refers to the wavelength of light that contributes most to the coloration of the sample, the hue refers to the vividness of the color presented by the principal wavelength, and the lightness refers to the brightness.
【００３７】単色表示の測定は、可視光線（４００〜７
００ｎｍ）の各波長における試料水透過率を測定して三
刺激値を求め、これから刺激純度を算定し、併せて明度
及び主波長（色相）を求める方法である。三刺激値と
は、眼が色から受ける刺激が主として赤色に強く感じる
もの、緑色に強く感じるもの及び青紫色に強く感じるも
のとがあり、これら３種類の刺激の混合の割合によって
感覚的に識別されるものであるため、眼に対してそれぞ
れの刺激を与える光の波長群をＸ，Ｙ，Ｚの系列にまと
め、各波長の光における光度又は透過率を系列毎に集計
して得た値に係数を乗じて求める。The measurement of the monochromatic display was performed using visible light (400 to 7).
In this method, the tristimulus value is determined by measuring the water transmittance of the sample at each wavelength of (00 nm), the stimulus purity is calculated from this, and the brightness and the main wavelength (hue) are also determined. The tristimulus values include those that the eye receives from the color mainly intensely felt red, those that strongly sense green, and those that strongly sense blue-violet, and are distinguished sensuously by the mixture ratio of these three types of stimuli. Are grouped into the X, Y, and Z series of light that gives each stimulus to the eye, and the luminous intensity or transmittance of light of each wavelength is tabulated for each series. Is multiplied by a coefficient.
【００３８】図１に示す第１実施例の薬品注入システム
により、薬品注入率とベルトプレス濾過機１０の重力脱
水部１１と上濾布１３及び下濾布１４の運転速度を一定
にして連続運転を行い、処理状態が安定してから汚泥ケ
ーキ１８と脱水濾液２０をサンプリングして分析した結
果を説明する。実験として薬品注入率を８段階に変更し
て実施した。分析は脱水濾過前の汚泥濃度、汚泥ケーキ
１８の含水率、脱水濾液２０の三刺激値Ｙ、Ｅ550、Ｃ
ＳＴ（capillary suction time，毛管吸引時間）につい
て測定した。The chemical injection system according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 continuously operates the chemical injection rate and the operation speeds of the gravity dewatering unit 11, the upper filter cloth 13 and the lower filter cloth 14 of the belt press filter 10, and the same. The results of sampling and analyzing the sludge cake 18 and the dehydrated filtrate 20 after the treatment state is stabilized will be described. As an experiment, the chemical injection rate was changed to eight steps. The analysis includes the sludge concentration before the dewatering filtration, the water content of the sludge cake 18, and the tristimulus values Y, E 550 , and C of the dewatered filtrate 20.
ST (capillary suction time, capillary suction time) was measured.
【００３９】図３は三刺激値Ｙと汚泥ケーキ含水率
（％）の相関を示すグラフであり、三刺激値Ｙと汚泥ケ
ーキ含水率は寄与率ｒ2が０.９３と相関性が高く、三刺
激値Ｙが上昇すると汚泥ケーキ含水率が減少することが
分かる。従って三刺激値Ｙから汚泥ケーキの含水率
（％）を予測することが可能である。FIG. 3 is a graph showing the correlation between the tristimulus value Y and the sludge cake moisture content (%). The tristimulus value Y and the sludge cake moisture content have a high correlation with the contribution ratio r 2 of 0.93. It can be seen that as the tristimulus value Y increases, the water content of the sludge cake decreases. Therefore, it is possible to predict the water content (%) of the sludge cake from the tristimulus value Y.
【００４０】図４は脱水濾液２０のＥ550と汚泥ケーキ
含水率（％）の相関を示すグラフであり、Ｅ550と汚泥
ケーキ含水率は寄与率ｒ2が０.８８と相関性が高く、Ｅ
550が減少すると汚泥ケーキ含水率が減少することが分
かる。従ってＥ550から汚泥ケーキの含水率（％）を予
測することが可能である。[0040] Figure 4 is a graph showing the correlation between E 550 and sludge cake moisture content of dehydrated filtrate 20 (%), E 550 and sludge cake moisture content is highly correlated with the contribution ratio r 2 is 0.88, E
It can be seen that when the 550 decreases, the water content of the sludge cake decreases. Thus it is possible to predict the water content of the sludge cake (%) from E 550.
【００４１】従って第１実施例における脱水濾液２０の
光度測定装置１７に代えて、三刺激値Ｙの測定装置もし
くはＥ550の測定装置を用いることができる。Accordingly, a device for measuring the tristimulus value Y or a device for measuring E550 can be used in place of the photometric device 17 for the dehydrated filtrate 20 in the first embodiment.
【００４２】図５は脱水濾液２０のＣＳＴと汚泥ケーキ
含水率（％）の相関を示すグラフであり、ＣＳＴと汚泥
ケーキ含水率は寄与率ｒ2が０.９０と相関性が高く、Ｃ
ＳＴが減少すると汚泥ケーキ含水率が減少することが分
かる。従ってＣＳＴから汚泥ケーキの含水率（％）を予
測することが可能である。[0042] Figure 5 is a graph showing the correlation between CST and the sludge cake moisture content of dehydrated filtrate 20 (%), CST sludge cake moisture content is highly correlated with the contribution ratio r 2 is 0.90, C
It can be seen that the sludge cake moisture content decreases as ST decreases. Therefore, it is possible to predict the water content (%) of the sludge cake from the CST.
【００４３】図６は脱水濾過前の汚泥１ｇ当たりの凝集
剤注入率（凝集剤注入率／ＴＳ，以下ＴＳ当たりと略
す）と汚泥ケーキ含水率（％）の相関を示すグラフであ
り、ＴＳ当たりの凝集剤注入率が０.６（％）程度まで
凝集剤注入率が減少するにつれて汚泥ケーキ含水率が減
少する。ＴＳ当たりの凝集剤注入率が０.６（％）以上
では、汚泥ケーキ含水率はほとんど変化しないことが分
かる。FIG. 6 is a graph showing the correlation between the coagulant injection rate per 1 g of sludge before the dewatering filtration (coagulant injection rate / TS, hereinafter abbreviated as per TS) and the water content (%) of the sludge cake. As the coagulant injection rate decreases to about 0.6 (%), the water content of the sludge cake decreases. When the coagulant injection rate per TS is 0.6 (%) or more, the water content of the sludge cake hardly changes.
【００４４】以上の結果から、脱水濾液２０の三刺激値
Ｙ、Ｅ550及びＣＳＴから汚泥ケーキ含水率（％）を予
測することができ、しかもこの汚泥ケーキ含水率を左右
する操作因子は薬品の注入量であることから、任意の汚
泥ケーキ含水率（％）を得るためには、これに見合った
脱水濾液２０の三刺激値Ｙ、Ｅ550及びＣＳＴの目標値
を設定し、この目標値になるように薬品の注入量を制御
すればよいことが判明した。From the above results, it is possible to predict the water content (%) of the sludge cake from the tristimulus values Y, E550 and CST of the dehydrated filtrate 20, and the operating factor that influences the water content of the sludge cake is chemicals. Because of the injection amount, in order to obtain an arbitrary sludge cake moisture content (%), the target values of the tristimulus values Y, E550 and CST of the dehydrated filtrate 20 corresponding to this are set, and this target value is set. It has been found that the injection amount of the chemical should be controlled so as to be as follows.
【００４５】又、ＴＳ当たりの凝集剤注入率が０.６
（％）程度まで凝集剤注入率が減少するにつれて汚泥ケ
ーキ含水率が減少するので、制御性を高めるために脱水
前の汚泥濃度と汚泥流量を制御因子に組み込むことによ
り、急激な固形物汚泥量の変動にも対応することができ
る。The coagulant injection rate per TS is 0.6.
(%) As the coagulant injection rate decreases to about (%), the water content of the sludge cake decreases. Therefore, in order to enhance controllability, the sludge concentration and the sludge flow rate before dehydration are incorporated into the control factors, and the rapid solid sludge amount is increased. Can be accommodated.
【００４６】図７は前記図５のデータに鑑みてなされた
本発明の第２実施例にかかる薬品注入システムの概要図
であり、主要な構成要素は図１のシステムと基本的に一
致しているため、第１実施例と同一の構成部分に同一の
符号を付して表示してある。この第２実施例では、第１
実施例の構成に加えて、光度測定装置１７の下流側にＣ
ＳＴ計３０を配設し、脱水濾液２０の光度のデータとＣ
ＳＴ値とをコントローラ９に送り込むように構成されて
いる。その他の構成要素は図１のシステムと一致してい
る。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a chemical injection system according to the second embodiment of the present invention made in view of the data of FIG. 5, and the main components are basically the same as those of the system of FIG. Therefore, the same components as those in the first embodiment are indicated by the same reference numerals. In the second embodiment, the first
In addition to the configuration of the embodiment, a C
An ST meter 30 is provided, and the luminous intensity data of the dehydrated filtrate 20 and C
The ST value is sent to the controller 9. Other components are consistent with the system of FIG.
【００４７】コントローラ９は、測定された脱水濾液２
０の光度とＣＳＴ値及び薬品流量計７で測定した薬品流
量データとから薬品の注入量を演算により決定し、該コ
ントローラ９の制御出力によって薬品ポンプ６ａの駆動
制御を行う。第１実施例と同様に薬品注入量の制御とし
て、薬品流量の外、薬品量又は薬品流量＋薬品量制御と
することもできる。The controller 9 controls the measured dehydrated filtrate 2
The injection amount of the medicine is determined by calculation from the luminous intensity of 0, the CST value, and the medicine flow rate data measured by the medicine flow meter 7, and the control output of the controller 9 controls the drive of the medicine pump 6a. As in the first embodiment, the control of the chemical injection amount may be controlled by controlling the chemical flow rate or the chemical flow rate or the chemical flow rate + the chemical flow rate.
【００４８】この第２実施例では、脱水濾液２０の光度
とＣＳＴ値とを組み合わせたことにより、脱水濾液２０
の汚れによる測定装置の異常を相互にチェックすること
ができるとともに、仮りに一方の測定装置が故障しても
他方の測定装置により連続制御を継続することができ
て、システム自体の安定性が向上するという利点があ
る。更に第２実施例の場合でも脱水濾液２０の光度測定
装置１７に代えて、三刺激値Ｙの測定装置もしくはＥ
550の測定装置を用いることができる。In the second embodiment, the luminous intensity of the dehydrated filtrate 20 and the CST value are combined, so that the dehydrated filtrate 20
Can check each other for abnormalities in measuring devices due to dirt on the surface, and even if one of the measuring devices fails, continuous control can be continued by the other measuring device, improving the stability of the system itself. There is an advantage to doing. Further, in the case of the second embodiment, instead of the photometric device 17 for the dehydrated filtrate 20, a device for measuring the tristimulus value Y or E is used.
550 measuring devices can be used.
【００４９】図８は本発明の第３実施例にかかる薬品注
入システムの概要図であり、主要な構成要素は図１のシ
ステムと基本的に一致しているため、第１実施例と同一
の構成部分に同一の符号を付して表示してある。この第
３実施例では、第１実施例の構成に加えて、汚泥ポンプ
６ｂと凝集混和槽８間の管路に、汚泥濃度計３１と汚泥
流量計３２を配設してあり、脱水前の汚泥の濃度と流量
を測定してコントローラ９に入力する。その他の構成要
素は図１のシステムと一致している。FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a chemical injection system according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The main components basically correspond to those of the system of FIG. The components are denoted by the same reference numerals. In the third embodiment, in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment, a sludge concentration meter 31 and a sludge flow meter 32 are provided in a pipe line between the sludge pump 6b and the coagulation mixing tank 8, and before the dehydration. The sludge concentration and flow rate are measured and input to the controller 9. Other components are consistent with the system of FIG.
【００５０】コントローラ９は、測定された脱水濾液２
０の光度をフィードバック的に活用し、脱水前の汚泥の
濃度と流量をフィードフォワード的に活用し、薬品流量
計７で測定した薬品流量データとから薬品の注入量を演
算により決定し、該コントローラ９の制御出力によって
薬品ポンプ６ａの駆動制御を行う。第１実施例と同様に
薬品注入量の制御として、薬品流量の外、薬品量又は薬
品流量＋薬品量制御とすることもできる。The controller 9 controls the measured dehydrated filtrate 2
The luminous intensity of 0 is used in a feedback manner, the concentration and flow rate of the sludge before dehydration are used in a feedforward manner, and the chemical injection amount is determined by calculation from the chemical flow rate data measured by the chemical flow meter 7. The control output of 9 controls the drive of the chemical pump 6a. As in the first embodiment, the control of the chemical injection amount may be controlled by controlling the chemical flow rate or the chemical flow rate or the chemical flow rate + the chemical flow rate.
【００５１】この第３実施例では、脱水前の汚泥の固形
物変動に対応した薬品注入量制御を行うことができると
いう特徴がある。この第３実施例の場合でも脱水濾液２
０の光度測定装置１７に代えて、三刺激値Ｙの測定装置
もしくはＥ550の測定装置を用いることができる。The third embodiment is characterized in that the chemical injection amount can be controlled in accordance with the variation of the sludge solid before dehydration. Even in the case of the third embodiment, the dehydrated filtrate 2
0 instead of the photometric device 17, it is possible to use a measuring device of the measuring apparatus or E 550 tristimulus values Y.
【００５２】図９は本発明の第４実施例にかかる薬品注
入システムの概要図であり、この第４実施例の場合に
は、光度測定装置１７の下流側にＣＳＴ計３０を配設
し、脱水濾液２０の光度のデータととＣＳＴ値とをコン
トローラ９に送り込むとともに、汚泥ポンプ６ｂと凝集
混和槽８との間に汚泥濃度計３１と汚泥流量計３２を配
設して、脱水前の汚泥の濃度と流量を測定してコントロ
ーラ９に入力する。その他の構成要素は図１のシステム
と一致している。FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a chemical injection system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the case of the fourth embodiment, a CST meter 30 is provided downstream of the photometric measuring device 17. The luminous intensity data of the dehydrated filtrate 20 and the CST value are sent to the controller 9, and a sludge concentration meter 31 and a sludge flow meter 32 are disposed between the sludge pump 6 b and the coagulation mixing tank 8, and the sludge before dewatering is provided. Is measured and input to the controller 9. Other components are consistent with the system of FIG.
【００５３】コントローラ９は、測定された脱水濾液２
０の光度とＣＳＴ値をフィードバック的に活用し、脱水
前の汚泥の濃度と流量をフィードフォワード的に活用
し、薬品流量計７で測定した薬品流量データとから薬品
の注入量を演算により決定し、該コントローラ９の制御
出力によって薬品ポンプ６ａの駆動制御を行う。第１実
施例と同様に薬品注入量の制御として、薬品流量の外、
薬品量又は薬品流量＋薬品量制御とすることもできる。The controller 9 controls the measured dehydrated filtrate 2
The luminous intensity of 0 and the CST value are utilized in a feedback manner, the concentration and flow rate of the sludge before dehydration are utilized in a feedforward manner, and the chemical injection amount is determined by calculation from the chemical flow rate data measured by the chemical flow meter 7. The drive of the chemical pump 6a is controlled by the control output of the controller 9. As in the case of the first embodiment, the control of the amount of injected chemical is performed in addition to the flow rate of the chemical.
The amount of medicine or the amount of medicine and the amount of medicine can be controlled.
【００５４】この第４実施例では、第２実施例で説明し
たように、脱水濾液２０の光度とＣＳＴ値とを組み合わ
せたことにより、脱水濾液２０の汚れによる測定装置の
異常を相互にチェックすることが可能となり、更に一方
の測定装置が故障しても他方の測定装置により連続制御
を継続することができて、システム自体の安定性が向上
するという利点と、第３実施例で説明したように、脱水
前の汚泥の固形物変動に対応した薬品注入量制御を行う
ことができるという特徴がある。この第４実施例の場合
でも脱水濾液２０の光度測定装置１７に代えて、三刺激
値Ｙの測定装置もしくはＥ550の測定装置を用いること
ができる。In the fourth embodiment, as described in the second embodiment, by combining the luminous intensity of the dehydrated filtrate 20 and the CST value, an abnormality of the measuring device due to contamination of the dehydrated filtrate 20 is mutually checked. This makes it possible to continue the continuous control by the other measuring device even if one of the measuring devices fails, and to improve the stability of the system itself, as described in the third embodiment. Another feature is that it is possible to control a chemical injection amount corresponding to a change in solid matter of sludge before dehydration. Also in the case of the fourth embodiment, a device for measuring the tristimulus value Y or a device for measuring E550 can be used in place of the photometric device 17 for the dehydrated filtrate 20.
【００５５】[0055]
【発明の効果】以上説明した本発明にかかる汚泥脱水工
程における薬品注入方法とその装置によれば、基本的な
動作として凝集混和槽に定量した薬品と汚泥とを供給し
て混合し、汚泥を凝集してから重力脱水部により重力脱
水汚泥と濾液とに固液分離し、重力脱水汚泥を重力濾過
部の上濾布と下濾布間で加圧・圧搾することによって汚
泥の間隙水とかフロック粒子の付着水を脱水して汚泥ケ
ーキを得ることができる。そして加圧・圧搾により生じ
た脱水濾液の光度を測定してコントローラに送り込むこ
とにより、該光度と薬品流量計で測定した薬品流量デー
タとから最適な薬品の注入量を演算により決定して薬品
ポンプの駆動制御が行われる。According to the method and the apparatus for injecting a chemical in the sludge dewatering step according to the present invention described above, as a basic operation, a fixed amount of the chemical and the sludge are supplied and mixed into the coagulation mixing tank to mix the sludge. After agglomeration, solid-liquid separation into gravity-dewatered sludge and filtrate is performed by the gravity dewatering unit, and the gravity-dewatered sludge is pressurized and pressed between the upper filter cloth and the lower filter cloth of the gravity filtration unit to form pore water or flocs of the sludge. The sludge cake can be obtained by dewatering the water attached to the particles. Then, by measuring the luminous intensity of the dehydrated filtrate generated by pressurization and squeezing and sending it to the controller, the optimal pumping amount of the chemical is determined by calculation from the luminous intensity and the chemical flow rate data measured by the chemical flow meter, and the chemical pump is operated. Is controlled.
【００５６】このような制御によって汚泥量とか汚泥性
状の変動などの様々な要因に基づく脱水濾過後の汚泥ケ
ーキの含水率のばらつきがなくなり、調整も自動化され
てオペレータの経験に頼ることなく、応答性及び信頼性
に優れて操作が容易な薬品注入制御方法と装置が実現さ
れる。Such control eliminates variations in the water content of the sludge cake after dewatering and filtration due to various factors such as the amount of sludge and fluctuations in sludge properties. The adjustment is also automated, and the response can be performed without relying on the operator's experience. A method and an apparatus for controlling the injection of chemicals which are excellent in reliability and reliability and easy to operate are realized.
【００５７】又、脱水濾液の光度とともに毛管吸引時間
（ＣＳＴ）を測定して制御因子としたことにより、脱水
濾液の汚れによる測定装置の異常を相互にチェックする
ことができるとともに、一方の測定装置が故障しても他
方の測定装置により連続制御を継続することができて、
システム自体の安定性が向上するという効果が得られ
る。Further, by measuring the capillary suction time (CST) together with the luminous intensity of the dehydrated filtrate as a control factor, it is possible to mutually check the abnormality of the measuring device due to the contamination of the dehydrated filtrate, Even if a failure occurs, continuous control can be continued by the other measuring device,
The effect of improving the stability of the system itself is obtained.
【００５８】更に汚泥の管路に汚泥濃度計と汚泥流量計
を配設して脱水前の汚泥の濃度と流量を測定して制御因
子とすることにより、脱水濾液の光度をフィードバック
的に活用し、脱水前の汚泥の濃度と流量をフィードフォ
ワード的に活用して脱水前の汚泥の固形物変動に対応し
た薬品の注入量を決定することができるため、制御の精
度を高めることができる。Further, by installing a sludge concentration meter and a sludge flow meter in the sludge line and measuring the concentration and flow rate of the sludge before dewatering and using them as control factors, the luminous intensity of the dewatered filtrate is utilized in a feedback manner. Since the concentration and flow rate of the sludge before dehydration can be utilized in a feed-forward manner, the injection amount of the chemical corresponding to the change in the solid matter of the sludge before dehydration can be determined, so that the control accuracy can be improved.
【００５９】従って本発明によれば、汚泥の腐敗とか変
質による汚泥の脱水性変化の影響を受けることなく、汚
泥の脱水処理を自動化して安定に行うことができるとと
もに、脱水ケーキの含水率を一定にして脱水工程以後の
処理を容易にすることができる汚泥脱水工程における薬
品注入方法とその装置を提供することができる。Therefore, according to the present invention, the sludge dewatering process can be automated and performed stably without being affected by sludge deteriorating property due to sludge decay or deterioration, and the water content of the dewatered cake can be reduced. A method and an apparatus for injecting a chemical in a sludge dewatering step capable of facilitating treatment after the dewatering step can be provided.
【００６０】尚、本発明の各実施例では、脱水濾過機と
してベルトプレス濾過機を例に挙げたが、薬品を注入し
て汚泥を脱水し、濾液の得られる脱水設備であれば遠心
脱水機などにも適用することができる。In each of the embodiments of the present invention, a belt press filter is used as an example of a dewatering filter. However, a centrifugal dewatering machine may be used as long as it is a dewatering facility capable of injecting chemicals to dewater sludge and obtaining a filtrate. And so on.
【図１】本発明の第１実施例にかかる薬品注入システム
の概要図。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a chemical injection system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本実施例における脱水濾液の光度測定原理を示
す概略図。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of measuring the luminosity of the dehydrated filtrate in the present example.
【図３】本実施例における三刺激値Ｙと汚泥ケーキ含水
率（％）の相関を示すグラフ。FIG. 3 is a graph showing a correlation between a tristimulus value Y and a sludge cake moisture content (%) in this example.
【図４】脱水濾液のＥ550と汚泥ケーキ含水率（％）の
相関を示すグラフ。FIG. 4 is a graph showing a correlation between E 550 of a dehydrated filtrate and water content (%) of a sludge cake.
【図５】脱水濾液のＣＳＴと汚泥ケーキ含水率（％）の
相関を示すグラフ。FIG. 5 is a graph showing a correlation between CST of a dehydrated filtrate and water content (%) of sludge cake.
【図６】脱水濾過前の凝集剤注入率と汚泥ケーキ含水率
（％）の相関を示すグラフ。FIG. 6 is a graph showing a correlation between a coagulant injection rate before dehydration filtration and a sludge cake water content (%).
【図７】本発明の第２実施例にかかる薬品注入システム
の概要図。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a drug injection system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図８】本発明の第３実施例にかかる薬品注入システム
の概要図。FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a drug injection system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
【図９】本発明の第４実施例にかかる薬品注入システム
の概要図。FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a drug injection system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
【符号の説明】 １…薬品搬入ホイスト ２…薬品タンク ３…薬品定量フィーダ ４…薬品溶解水 ５…薬品溶解タンク ６ａ…薬品ポンプ ６ｂ…汚泥ポンプ ７…薬品流量計 ８…凝集混和槽 ９…コントローラ １０…ベルトプレス濾過機 １１…重力脱水部 １２…重力濾過部 １３…上濾布 １４…下濾布 １５…ガイドロール １６…濾液ガイド １７…光度測定装置 １８…汚泥ケーキ ２０…脱水濾液 ２１…タングステンランプ ２２…フィルタ ２３…コリメートレンズ ２４…集光レンズ ２５…積分球 ２６…受光部 ２６ａ…Ｙフィルタ ２６ｂ…センサ ３０…ＣＳＴ計 ３１…汚泥濃度計 ３２…汚泥流量計[Description of Signs] 1 ... Chemical loading hoist 2 ... Chemical tank 3 ... Chemical dispensing feeder 4 ... Chemical dissolving water 5 ... Chemical dissolving tank 6a ... Chemical pump 6b ... Sludge pump 7 ... Chemical flow meter 8 ... Coagulation mixing tank 9 ... Controller DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Belt press filtration machine 11 ... Gravity dewatering part 12 ... Gravity filtration part 13 ... Upper filter cloth 14 ... Lower filter cloth 15 ... Guide roll 16 ... Filtrate guide 17 ... Photometric measuring device 18 ... Sludge cake 20 ... Dewatered filtrate 21 ... Tungsten Lamp 22 Filter 23 Collimating lens 24 Condensing lens 25 Integrating sphere 26 Light receiving unit 26a Y filter 26b Sensor 30 CST meter 31 Sludge concentration meter 32 Sludge flow meter
Claims (7)
て、薬品ポンプと薬品流量計を介して所定量の汚泥が流
入する凝集混和槽に供給する工程と、この凝集混和槽内
でフロック粒子として凝集された汚泥を次段のベルトプ
レス濾過機の重力脱水部により重力脱水汚泥と脱水濾液
とに固液分離する工程と、得られた重力脱水汚泥を上濾
布及び下濾布間で加圧・圧搾して付着水を脱水し、汚泥
ケーキを得る工程と、前記脱水濾液を光度測定装置に送
り込んで光度を測定する工程と、測定した光度のデータ
と前記薬品流量計で測定した薬品流量データに基づいて
薬品の注入量を演算により決定し、コントローラの制御
出力によって前記薬品ポンプの駆動制御を行う工程とか
ら成ることを特徴とする汚泥脱水工程における薬品注入
方法。1. A step of quantifying a chemical such as a flocculant to be added to sludge and supplying the same to a flocculation mixing tank into which a predetermined amount of sludge flows via a chemical pump and a chemical flow meter; A step of solid-liquid separation of the flocculated sludge as floc particles into a gravity dewatered sludge and a dewatered filtrate by a gravity dewatering unit of a subsequent belt press filter, and the obtained gravity dewatered sludge is separated between an upper filter cloth and a lower filter cloth. Pressurizing and squeezing to dehydrate the adhered water to obtain a sludge cake, sending the dehydrated filtrate to a photometric device and measuring the luminous intensity, and measuring the measured luminous intensity data and the chemical flow meter. Determining an injection amount of the chemical based on the chemical flow rate data by calculation, and performing drive control of the chemical pump by a control output of a controller.
激値Ｙの測定装置もしくは紫外線吸光度（Ｅ550）の測
定装置を用いた請求項１記載の汚泥脱水工程における薬
品注入方法。2. The chemical injection method in the sludge dewatering step according to claim 1, wherein a device for measuring the tristimulus value Y or a device for measuring the ultraviolet absorbance (E 550 ) is used in place of the device for measuring the light intensity of the dehydrated filtrate.
定し、且つ脱水濾液の毛管吸引時間をＣＳＴ計により測
定して、測定した光度のデータと毛管吸引時間のデータ
及び薬品流量計で測定した薬品流量データに基づいて薬
品の注入量を演算により決定し、コントローラの制御出
力によって薬品ポンプの駆動制御を行うことを特徴とす
る請求項１又は２の何れか１項に記載の汚泥脱水工程に
おける薬品注入方法。3. The luminous intensity of the dehydrated filtrate was measured by a photometer, and the capillary suction time of the dehydrated filtrate was measured by a CST meter, and the measured luminous intensity data, the capillary suction time data, and the chemical flow meter were measured. The sludge dewatering step according to claim 1, wherein the injection amount of the chemical is determined by calculation based on the chemical flow rate data, and drive control of the chemical pump is performed by a control output of the controller. Chemical injection method.
泥濃度計と汚泥流量計を配設し、脱水前の汚泥の濃度と
流量を測定して、前記光度のデータと薬品流量データ及
び汚泥濃度と汚泥流量に基づいて薬品の注入量を演算に
より決定し、コントローラの制御出力によって薬品ポン
プの駆動制御を行うことを特徴とする請求項１，２，３
の何れか１項に記載の汚泥脱水工程における薬品注入方
法。4. A sludge concentration meter and a sludge flow meter are provided in a conduit for feeding sludge into the coagulation mixing tank, and the concentration and flow rate of the sludge before dehydration are measured. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein a chemical injection amount is determined by calculation based on the sludge concentration and the sludge flow rate, and drive control of the chemical pump is performed by a control output of the controller.
The chemical injection method in the sludge dewatering step according to any one of the above.
れた薬品と汚泥とを混合する凝集混和槽と、この凝集混
和槽内で凝集された汚泥を重力脱水汚泥と脱水濾液とに
固液分離する重力脱水部と、得られた重力脱水汚泥を上
濾布及び下濾布間で加圧・圧搾して汚泥ケーキを得る重
力濾過部と、脱水濾液の光度を測定する光度測定装置
と、測定した光度のデータと前記薬品流量計で測定した
薬品流量データに基づいて薬品の注入量を演算により決
定し、薬品ポンプの駆動制御を行う制御機構を備えて成
ることを特徴とする汚泥脱水工程における薬品注入装
置。5. A coagulation mixing tank for mixing a sludge and a chemical determined via a chemical pump and a chemical flow meter, and converting the sludge aggregated in the coagulation mixing tank into a gravity dewatered sludge and a dewatered filtrate. A gravity dewatering unit to be separated, a gravity filtration unit that obtains a sludge cake by pressing and squeezing the obtained gravity dewatered sludge between the upper filter cloth and the lower filter cloth, and a photometer that measures the light intensity of the dewatered filtrate, A sludge dewatering step comprising: a control mechanism for determining a chemical injection amount by calculation based on measured light intensity data and chemical flow rate data measured by the chemical flow meter, and performing drive control of a chemical pump. Injection device in.
と、脱水濾液の毛管吸引時間を測定するＣＳＴ計とを配
設して、測定した光度のデータと毛管吸引時間のデータ
及び薬品流量計で測定した薬品流量データに基づいて薬
品の注入量を演算により決定し、コントローラの制御出
力によって薬品ポンプの駆動制御を行うことを特徴とす
る請求項５記載の汚泥脱水工程における薬品注入装置。6. A photometer for measuring the luminous intensity of the dehydrated filtrate, and a CST meter for measuring the capillary suction time of the dehydrated filtrate, the measured luminous intensity data, the capillary suction time data, and the chemical flow meter. 6. The chemical injection device in the sludge dewatering process according to claim 5, wherein the injection amount of the chemical is determined by calculation based on the chemical flow rate data measured in the step (a), and the driving of the chemical pump is controlled by the control output of the controller.
濃度計と汚泥流量計を配設し、脱水前の汚泥の濃度と流
量及び前記光度のデータと薬品流量データに基づいて薬
品の注入量を演算により決定し、コントローラの制御出
力によって薬品ポンプの駆動制御を行うことを特徴とす
る請求項５又は６記載の汚泥脱水工程における薬品注入
装置。7. A sludge concentration meter and a sludge flow meter are provided in a pipe for feeding sludge into the coagulation mixing tank, and a chemical is injected based on the sludge concentration and flow rate before dehydration, the luminous intensity data, and the chemical flow rate data. 7. The chemical injection device in the sludge dewatering step according to claim 5, wherein the amount is determined by calculation, and the driving of the chemical pump is controlled by the control output of the controller.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9160904A JPH1110199A (en) | 1997-06-18 | 1997-06-18 | Chemical injection method and apparatus for sludge dewatering process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9160904A JPH1110199A (en) | 1997-06-18 | 1997-06-18 | Chemical injection method and apparatus for sludge dewatering process |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1110199A true JPH1110199A (en) | 1999-01-19 |
Family
ID=15724863
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9160904A Pending JPH1110199A (en) | 1997-06-18 | 1997-06-18 | Chemical injection method and apparatus for sludge dewatering process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH1110199A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004167401A (en) * | 2002-11-20 | 2004-06-17 | Toshiba Corp | Waste water treatment equipment and waste water treatment method |
| WO2021070545A1 (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2021-04-15 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Monitoring device and monitoring method for belt press dehydration system, and control device |
| CN113185087A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-07-30 | 济南中合环保科技有限公司 | Sludge treatment method and system |
-
1997
- 1997-06-18 JP JP9160904A patent/JPH1110199A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004167401A (en) * | 2002-11-20 | 2004-06-17 | Toshiba Corp | Waste water treatment equipment and waste water treatment method |
| WO2021070545A1 (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2021-04-15 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Monitoring device and monitoring method for belt press dehydration system, and control device |
| JP2021063699A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2021-04-22 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Device and method for monitoring belt press dewatering system, and device for controlling belt press dewatering system |
| CN113185087A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-07-30 | 济南中合环保科技有限公司 | Sludge treatment method and system |
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