JPH1058577A - Fiber plate and its manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve strength and moisture permeability and to improve moisture resistance by mixing palm fiber mat in which a quantity of fatty acid and/or its derivative adhered to palm fiber is specified with curable resin, and compression molding it. SOLUTION: The fiber plate 1 is molded by disposing hemp cloth 3 in which yarns made of hemp fiber are woven laterally and longitudinally as knitted woven fabric on both surfaces of a fiber mat 2 formed of palm fiber, adhering curable resin thereto and, compression molding it. The plate 1 has excellent strength and moisture permeability as well as satisfactory moisture resistance. As the palm fiber for forming the mat 2, oil coconut fiber is preferable, and obtained by opening empty bunch of the oil coconut after oil is pressed. In this case, fatty acid and/or its derivative adhered after the oil is pressed is removed to 5wt.% or less with respect to the weight of the palm fiber by dipping it in water and vapor cleaning. Most preferably, it is removed to 1wt.% or less.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、木質系繊維板類
似の繊維板に係り、特に透湿性と強度に優れ、かつ耐湿
性に優れた繊維板に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fiberboard similar to a wood fiberboard, and more particularly to a fiberboard excellent in moisture permeability and strength and excellent in moisture resistance.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来、木造家屋で壁中にグラスウール等
の繊維系の断熱層を形成する場合に、室内の水蒸気を室
外へ逃すために、外壁と断熱層との間に通気層を形成す
ることにより、断熱層を透過した室内の水蒸気が通気層
を通って軒下から室外へ拡散するようにしていた。その
場合に、この通気層と断熱層を区画する防風層が必要と
なる。この防風層は、断熱層を保持する機能を発揮する
が、水蒸気を通気層へスムーズに透過させ得るように透
湿性に優れたものでなければならない。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a fiber-based heat insulating layer such as glass wool is formed in a wall of a wooden house, a ventilation layer is formed between the outer wall and the heat insulating layer in order to release water vapor in the room to the outside. Thus, the water vapor in the room that has passed through the heat insulating layer diffuses from under the eaves to the outside through the ventilation layer. In that case, a windproof layer that separates the ventilation layer and the heat insulating layer is required. The windproof layer has a function of retaining the heat insulating layer, but must have excellent moisture permeability so that water vapor can be smoothly transmitted to the ventilation layer.

【０００３】この防風層を形成するものとして、従来、
例えばポリエチレン製の不織布が使われてきたが、断熱
層にグラスウール等を使用すると、断熱層の膨張力に押
されてこの不織布が膨出変形し、通気層を狭めるという
欠点があり、このことは特に寒冷地においてグラスウー
ル等を多量に詰め込んだときに起こり易い〔建築工事標
準仕様書・同解説ＪＡＳＳ２４断熱工事（日本建築学会
編）参照〕。そこで、木質繊維板のなかでも比較的密度
が小さく通気性を有する軟質繊維板の一種であるシージ
ングボードを断熱層の外側に当て、その端辺を柱、間
柱、梁、桁、又はブレース（胴縁、筋違等の補強材）等
の構造材に固定することにより、ある程度の強度を有し
た防風層を形成している。[0003] Conventionally, as a material for forming the windproof layer,
For example, a nonwoven fabric made of polyethylene has been used, but if glass wool or the like is used for the heat insulating layer, there is a disadvantage that the nonwoven fabric swells and deforms due to the expansion force of the heat insulating layer and narrows the ventilation layer. This is particularly likely to occur when a large amount of glass wool or the like is packed in a cold region (see Building Construction Standard Specifications / Commentary JASS24 Insulation Work (edited by the Architectural Institute of Japan)). Therefore, a sizing board, which is a kind of soft fiberboard having relatively low density and air permeability among the wood fiberboards, is applied to the outside of the heat insulating layer, and the ends thereof are pillars, studs, beams, beams, braces (braces). A windproof layer having a certain degree of strength is formed by fixing to a structural material such as a reinforcing material such as an edge or a streak.

【０００４】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、上記従来の
シージングボードは、断熱層の膨張力に耐え得ても、そ
れ自体が構造用面材として機能するほどの強度は有して
いない。従って、シージングボード周辺の構造部分の強
度は、専らシージングボード以外の上記構造部材に頼る
しかなかった。また、シージングボードは、耐湿性が劣
るという欠点を有していた。However, even though the above-mentioned conventional sheathing board can withstand the expansion force of the heat insulating layer, it does not have enough strength to function as a structural face material. Therefore, the strength of the structural part around the seasing board had to rely exclusively on the above-mentioned structural members other than the seasing board. Further, the sheathing board has a disadvantage that the moisture resistance is inferior.

【０００５】[0005]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らはこれらの課
題を解決するために鋭意検討を行い、脂肪酸及び／又は
その誘導体の付着量が所定量以下のヤシ繊維を使用し、
これを硬化性樹脂で結合することにより、強度と透湿性
が優れ、且つ耐湿性が良好な繊維板が得られることを見
いだし、以下の発明に到った。すなわち請求項１の発明
は、ヤシ繊維マットに硬化性樹脂を混合し、圧縮成形し
てなる繊維板であって、ヤシ繊維マットを形成するヤシ
繊維に付着する脂肪酸及び／又はその誘導体の量をヤシ
繊維の重量に対して５重量％以下とした繊維板に関す
る。Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies in order to solve these problems, and have used a coconut fiber having an adhering amount of fatty acid and / or a derivative thereof of a predetermined amount or less,
By bonding this with a curable resin, it has been found that a fiberboard having excellent strength and moisture permeability and good moisture resistance can be obtained, and the following invention has been achieved. That is, the invention of claim 1 is a fiber board obtained by mixing a curable resin with a coco fiber mat and compressing and molding the coco fiber, wherein the amount of the fatty acid and / or a derivative thereof attached to the coco fiber forming the coco fiber mat is determined. The present invention relates to a fiberboard in which the weight is 5% by weight or less based on the weight of coconut fiber.

【０００６】ここで、ヤシ繊維とは、ココヤシ、油ヤ
シ、サゴヤシ、ナツメヤシ、オウギヤシ、ニッパヤシ、
サトウヤシ、クジャクヤシ、シュロ、トウジュロ、クロ
ツグ等のヤシ科の植物から採取される繊維状樹皮、葉柄
基部繊維、中果皮繊維等の繊維をいい、これには油ヤシ
の空果房を解繊して得る繊維が含まれる。また、複数種
類のヤシ繊維を混合したものを含む。ヤシ繊維は直径が
約１００〜６００μｍと太いので、 繊維マットにした
ときには繊維充填密度にもよるが繊維間に、例えば１０
０μｍ〜５ｍｍ程度、好ましくは２００μｍ〜３ｍｍ程
度の大きさの隙間が形成される。従って、繊維マットの
透湿性は極めて良い。また、編織物は編み目が通気性を
もつから、透湿性に優れる。Here, the coconut fiber means coconut palm, oil palm, sago palm, date palm, cypress, nipa palm,
Fibers such as fibrous bark, petiole base fiber, mesocarp fiber, etc. collected from palm plants such as sugar palm, pea palm, palm palm, sugar beet, black clog, etc. The resulting fibers are included. Also, a mixture of a plurality of types of coconut fibers is included. Palm fibers are as thick as about 100-600 μm in diameter.
A gap having a size of about 0 μm to 5 mm, preferably about 200 μm to 3 mm is formed. Therefore, the moisture permeability of the fiber mat is extremely good. In addition, the knitted fabric is excellent in moisture permeability because the stitch has air permeability.

【０００７】この繊維マットに硬化性樹脂を付着させて
圧縮成形する際の樹脂量又は成形時の圧縮の程度によ
り、得られる繊維板の繊維間の隙間の大きさや隙間の密
度を種々に変化させることができる。そのことにより繊
維板の透湿性のコントロールが出来る。例えば、繊維板
の隙間を１〜１００μｍ程度、通常５〜５０μｍ程度と
することにより、通気性は有するが雨は通さない良好な
繊維体も製造することが可能である。The size of the gaps between the fibers and the density of the gaps in the fiberboard obtained are varied in accordance with the amount of the resin or the degree of compression during the molding when the curable resin is adhered to the fiber mat and compression-molded. be able to. Thereby, the moisture permeability of the fiberboard can be controlled. For example, by setting the gap between the fiber boards to about 1 to 100 μm, usually about 5 to 50 μm, it is possible to produce a good fibrous body having air permeability but not allowing rain to pass.

【０００８】ここで、脂肪酸にはパルミチン酸、ステア
リン酸、オレイン酸等の高級脂肪酸が含まれ、その誘導
体には、トリグリセリド等のエステル類が含まれる。こ
れらの脂肪酸及び／又はその誘導体は、湿潤曲げ強度の
低下、吸水時の厚さ膨張の増大の原因となるが、洗浄等
により除去することができ、除去すれば耐湿性が向上す
る。Here, fatty acids include higher fatty acids such as palmitic acid, stearic acid and oleic acid, and derivatives thereof include esters such as triglycerides. These fatty acids and / or derivatives thereof cause a decrease in wet bending strength and an increase in thickness expansion upon water absorption, but can be removed by washing or the like, and if removed, moisture resistance is improved.

【０００９】硬化性樹脂は、熱硬化型樹脂及び反応硬化
型樹脂（常温硬化型樹脂）を含む。また、上記圧縮成形
の際には、必要に応じて加熱も行う。[0009] The curable resin includes a thermosetting resin and a reaction curable resin (room temperature curable resin). In the compression molding, heating is also performed if necessary.

【００１０】上記繊維マットに加えて、引張弾性率の高
い麻繊維等の植物繊維からなる編織物を積層することに
より、更に強度が向上する。すなわち請求項２の発明
は、ヤシ繊維マット１００重量部に対して５〜５０重量
部の植物繊維からなる編織物を積層し、これらに硬化性
樹脂を混合し、圧縮成形してなる繊維板であって、ヤシ
繊維マットを形成するヤシ繊維に付着する脂肪酸及び／
又はその誘導体の量をヤシ繊維の重量に対して５重量％
以下とした繊維板に関する。[0010] By laminating a knitted fabric made of vegetable fibers such as hemp fibers having a high tensile modulus in addition to the above fiber mat, the strength is further improved. That is, the invention of claim 2 is a fiberboard obtained by laminating a knitted woven fabric composed of 5 to 50 parts by weight of plant fibers with respect to 100 parts by weight of a coconut fiber mat, mixing a curable resin with them, and compression molding. And fatty acids adhering to the palm fibers forming the palm fiber mat and / or
Or, the amount of the derivative is 5% by weight based on the weight of the palm fiber.
The present invention relates to the following fiberboard.

【００１１】請求項３では、請求項１において、ヤシ繊
維を油ヤシ繊維である繊維板とした。According to a third aspect, in the first aspect, the coconut fiber is a fiberboard which is oil palm fiber.

【００１２】請求項４では、上記植物繊維からなる編織
物を、麻繊維からなる編織物である繊維板とした。According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the knitted woven fabric made of the plant fiber is a fiberboard which is a knitted woven fabric made of hemp fiber.

【００１３】ここで、麻繊維とは、ジュート、アマ、ケ
ナフ及びアンバリアサ等のじん皮繊維をとるものと、マ
ニラアサ、サイザルアサ、ニュージーランドアサ、及び
モーリシアスアサ等の組織繊維をとるものとが含まれ
る。麻繊維とは、これらの麻から得られる繊維をいう。
植物繊維は、複数種類の植物繊維を混合したものも含
む。編織物は、麻を解繊して得た麻繊維を撚った麻糸を
縦横に編んでなるクロスを含み、従って、ジュートで形
成したクロスであるジュートクロスを含むものである。Here, the hemp fibers include those that take the skin fibers such as jute, flax, kenaf and ambassador, and those that take the tissue fibers such as manila, sisal, New Zealand and Mauricia. Hemp fibers refer to fibers obtained from these hemp.
Plant fibers include those obtained by mixing a plurality of types of plant fibers. The knitted fabric includes a cloth formed by knitting hemp yarn obtained by fibrillating hemp fibers and twisting hemp yarns vertically and horizontally, and thus includes a jute cloth which is a cloth formed of jute.

【００１４】請求項５は、ヤシ繊維の重量に対して脂肪
酸及び／又はその誘導体の付着量を５重量％以下とした
ヤシ繊維から繊維マットを形成し、これらに硬化性樹脂
を混合し、圧縮成形する請求項１記載の繊維板の製法で
ある。According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a fiber mat is formed from palm fiber in which the amount of fatty acid and / or a derivative thereof attached to the weight of the palm fiber is 5% by weight or less, and a curable resin is mixed with the fiber mat. The method for producing a fiberboard according to claim 1, wherein the fiberboard is molded.

【００１５】請求項６は、ヤシ繊維の重量に対して脂肪
酸及び／又はその誘導体の付着量を５重量％以下とした
ヤシ繊維から繊維マットを形成し、この繊維マットに５
〜５０重量部の植物繊維からなる編織物を積層し、これ
らに硬化性樹脂を混合し、圧縮成形する請求項２記載の
繊維板の製法である。[0015] A sixth aspect of the present invention is to form a fiber mat from palm fiber in which the amount of fatty acid and / or a derivative thereof attached to the weight of the palm fiber is 5% by weight or less.
3. The method for producing a fiberboard according to claim 2, wherein a knitted woven fabric composed of 50 to 50 parts by weight of plant fiber is laminated, a curable resin is mixed with the woven fabric, and compression molding is performed.

【００１６】[0016]

【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面
に基づいて説明する。図１は実施形態に係る繊維板１を
示す。この繊維板１は、脂肪酸及び／又はその誘導体の
付着量をヤシ繊維の重量に対して５重量％以下としたヤ
シ繊維より形成した繊維マット２の両表面に、麻繊維か
らなる糸を縦横に織ってなる麻クロス３を編織物として
それぞれ配置し、これらに樹脂を付着し、圧縮成形する
ことにより成形してなるものである。この繊維板は、強
度と透湿性に優れ、且つ耐湿性が良好である。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a fiberboard 1 according to the embodiment. The fiberboard 1 has yarns made of hemp fibers vertically and horizontally on both surfaces of a fiber mat 2 made of coconut fibers in which the amount of fatty acids and / or derivatives thereof attached is 5% by weight or less based on the weight of coconut fibers. The woven hemp cloth 3 is arranged as a knitted fabric, a resin is adhered to these, and compression molding is performed to form the fabric. This fiberboard has excellent strength and moisture permeability and good moisture resistance.

【００１７】ヤシ繊維マット２を形成するヤシ繊維とし
ては油ヤシ繊維が好適であるが、この油ヤシ繊維は搾油
後油ヤシの空果房を解繊して得られるものである。油ヤ
シ繊維は、他の種類のヤシ繊維に比して解繊等に要する
労力が少なく、そのために製造に要するエネルギーが節
減できる。As the palm fiber forming the palm fiber mat 2, oil palm fiber is suitable, and the oil palm fiber is obtained by defibrating empty fruit clusters of oil palm after pressing. Oil palm fibers require less labor for defibration and the like than other types of palm fibers, and therefore can save energy required for production.

【００１８】搾油後付着している脂肪酸及び／又はその
誘導体は、水中浸せき、蒸気洗浄等によりヤシ繊維の重
量に対して５重量％以下となるまで除去する。さらに、
脂肪酸及び／又はその誘導体はヤシ繊維の重量に対して
３重量％以下まで除去するのが好ましく、最も好ましく
は１重量％以下まで除去する。これらのなかには脂肪酸
及び／又はその誘導体を完全に除去したものも含まれ
る。脂肪及び／又は脂肪酸の付着量がヤシ繊維の重量に
対して５重量％を越えると、湿潤曲げ強度の低下や吸水
時の厚さ膨張の増大等を招いて耐湿性が劣るので好まし
くない。Fatty acids and / or derivatives thereof adhering after oil pressing are removed by immersion in water, steam washing or the like until the weight becomes 5% by weight or less based on the weight of coconut fibers. further,
Preferably, the fatty acids and / or derivatives thereof are removed to no more than 3% by weight, most preferably to no more than 1% by weight, based on the weight of the coconut fiber. These include those from which fatty acids and / or their derivatives have been completely removed. If the amount of fat and / or fatty acid adhered exceeds 5% by weight based on the weight of the coconut fiber, it is not preferable because the wet bending strength is reduced and the thickness expansion upon water absorption is increased, resulting in poor moisture resistance.

【００１９】繊維マット２を形成するには、ニードルパ
ンチ等によりヤシ繊維を不織布様又は三次元編組織状に
絡み合わせる処理を行って剥離強度を上げ、さらに必要
に応じてプレス又は熱プレス等により繊維マット２を緻
密にする。なお、この繊維マット２の厚みは、通常５ｍ
ｍ〜２０ｍｍ程度にすると使い易いと云われるが、勿論
これに限定されることなく用途に応じて任意に設定すれ
ばよく、また複数枚重ねて使用してもよい。In order to form the fiber mat 2, the peel strength is increased by entanglement of the coconut fibers into a non-woven fabric or a three-dimensional knitted structure by a needle punch or the like, and further, if necessary, by pressing or hot pressing. The fiber mat 2 is densified. The thickness of the fiber mat 2 is usually 5 m.
It is said that it is easy to use when the thickness is about m to 20 mm. However, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to this, and may be set arbitrarily according to the intended use.

【００２０】麻クロス３の織組織の一例としては、平
織、綾織、朱子織、ナナコ織（正則、不規則を含む）等
から選ぶのが好ましく、この中でも平織、綾織が特に好
ましい。編組織としては平編み、ゴム編み等から選ばれ
る。ここに用いる糸の例としては、ジュート番手７．５
〜４０より選ぶのが好ましい。また、繊維マット２に積
層する麻クロス３の部数は、繊維板を使用する部位が必
要とする強度等の物性によりその目付けと積層数を組み
合わせ選定できるが、５〜５０重量部が好ましい。さら
に、５〜３０重量部が好ましく、最も好ましくは１０〜
２５重量部である。As an example of the weave structure of the hemp cloth 3, it is preferable to select from a plain weave, a twill weave, a satin weave, a nanaco weave (including regular and irregular), among which the plain weave and the twill weave are particularly preferred. The knitting structure is selected from flat knitting, rubber knitting and the like. As an example of the yarn used here, jute count 7.5
It is preferable to select from ~ 40. The number of the hemp cloths 3 to be laminated on the fiber mat 2 can be selected in combination with the basis weight and the number of laminations depending on physical properties such as strength required by the part where the fiberboard is used, but is preferably 5 to 50 parts by weight. Further, 5 to 30 parts by weight are preferable, and most preferably 10 to 30 parts by weight.
25 parts by weight.

【００２１】本発明の硬化性樹脂であるが、まず熱硬化
性樹脂としては、フェノール樹脂、アミノ樹脂、及びジ
アリルフタレート樹脂（ＤＡＰ樹脂）などがある。フェ
ノール樹脂には、ノボラック樹脂（酸触媒、フェノール
過剰）、レゾール樹脂（塩基性触媒、ホルムアルデヒド
過剰）、フェノール−メラミン共重合樹脂、フェノール
−メラミン−ユリア共重合樹脂、アルキルフェノール変
成フェノール樹脂、ゴム変成フェノール樹脂等の変成フ
ェノール樹脂があり、アミノ樹脂にはユリア樹脂（尿素
樹脂）、メラミン樹脂、ユリア−メラミン共重合樹脂、
ベンゾグアナミン樹脂、及びアセトグアナミン樹脂があ
る。次に、反応硬化型樹脂（常温硬化型樹脂）として
は、フラン樹脂、アルキッド樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル
樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、変性（変成）シリ
コーン樹脂、及びシリコーン樹脂などがある。さらに、
繊維マットの集束剤又はバインダーとしては、これら硬
化性樹脂が寸法精度、耐久性、強度等の点から好まし
い。しかしながら、物性上少し劣りはするが、バインダ
ー効果を持つアクリル系、スチレン系等の熱可塑型樹脂
（特に水性分散液）及び天然あるいはＳＢＲなどの合成
ゴムラテックスも一部使用することができ、本発明の硬
化性樹脂とは、これらを含めた概念である。上記の硬化
性樹脂の内、熱硬化性樹脂が硬化時間、生産性の観点か
ら好ましく、その内でもフェノール樹脂、アミノ樹脂が
良好である。本発明の硬化性樹脂には、必要に応じて可
塑剤、充填剤、補強材、垂れ防止剤、着色剤、老化防止
剤、接着促進剤、硬化触媒、物性調整剤などを配合し得
る。尚、接着付与剤として、コンニャク、小麦粉、デン
プン等を添加し得る。As the curable resin of the present invention, first, as the thermosetting resin, there are phenol resin, amino resin, diallyl phthalate resin (DAP resin) and the like. Phenolic resins include novolak resins (acid catalyst, excess phenol), resole resins (basic catalyst, excess formaldehyde), phenol-melamine copolymer resin, phenol-melamine-urea copolymer resin, alkylphenol-modified phenolic resin, rubber-modified phenolic resin There are denatured phenolic resins such as resin, and urea resin (urea resin), melamine resin, urea-melamine copolymer resin for amino resin,
There are benzoguanamine resin and acetoguanamine resin. Next, examples of the reaction curable resin (room temperature curable resin) include a furan resin, an alkyd resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, a urethane resin, an epoxy resin, a modified (modified) silicone resin, and a silicone resin. further,
As a sizing agent or a binder for the fiber mat, these curable resins are preferable in terms of dimensional accuracy, durability, strength, and the like. However, although it is slightly inferior in physical properties, it is possible to partially use thermoplastic resins such as acrylic resins and styrene resins (particularly aqueous dispersions) having a binder effect and natural or synthetic rubber latex such as SBR. The curable resin of the invention is a concept including these. Among the above curable resins, a thermosetting resin is preferable from the viewpoint of curing time and productivity, and among them, a phenol resin and an amino resin are preferable. The curable resin of the present invention may contain, if necessary, a plasticizer, a filler, a reinforcing material, an anti-sagging agent, a coloring agent, an antioxidant, an adhesion promoter, a curing catalyst, a physical property modifier and the like. In addition, konjac, flour, starch, etc. can be added as an adhesion promoter.

【００２２】本発明の繊維板１の厚さは、３〜２５ｍｍ
が好ましく、９〜２０ｍｍがさらに好ましい。繊維板の
密度は０．２〜１ｇ／ｃｍ³が好ましく、さらに０．３
〜０．７ｇ／ｃｍ³が好ましく、最も好ましくは、０．
３５〜０．６ｇ／ｃｍ³である。また、繊維板１の目付
は、例えば繊維板１の厚さが９ｍｍの場合、密度が０．
２ｇ／ｃｍ³で目付１．８ｋｇ／ｍ²に相当し、密度が１
ｇ／ｃｍ³で目付９ｋｇ／ｍ²に相当する。The thickness of the fiberboard 1 of the present invention is 3 to 25 mm.
Is preferable, and 9-20 mm is more preferable. The density of the fiberboard is preferably 0.2 to 1 g / cm ³ , and more preferably 0.3 to 1 g / cm ^3.
-0.7 g / cm < ³ >, most preferably 0.1 g / cm < ³ >.
35 to 0.6 g / cm ³ . In addition, the basis weight of the fiberboard 1 is, for example, when the thickness of the fiberboard 1 is 9 mm, the density is 0.1%.
2 g / cm ³ corresponds to a basis weight of 1.8 kg / m ² , and the density is 1
g / cm ³ , corresponding to a basis weight of 9 kg / m ² .

【００２３】上記繊維板１の製法は、まず、ヤシ繊維の
重量に対して脂肪酸及び／又はその誘導体を５重量％以
下に除去したヤシ繊維より繊維マット２を形成する。こ
の工程で使われる機構は、例えば図２に示すようにベル
トコンベヤ１１の上方に第１、第２・・・の複数のホッ
パ１２、１２・・・をベルト進行方向に直列に設け、各
ホッパ１２の出口付近に指向させてスプレーガン１３を
それぞれ配置し、ホッパ１２の下流にベルトコンベヤ１
１に対向させて加熱圧着ローラ１４を設置したものであ
る。各ホッパ１２にはヤシ繊維を入れ、スプレーガン１
３、１３・・・に硬化性樹脂を加圧供給しておく。そし
て、ベルトコンベヤ１１の稼働と同時に各ホッパ１２か
らベルトコンベヤ１１上にヤシ繊維を落下供給すると共
に、各スプレーガン１３から混合繊維に向けて硬化性樹
脂を噴射供給することにより、ベルトコンベヤ１１上
に、第１ホッパ１２からの混合繊維により最下の第１層
を形成し、その上に第２ホッパ１２からの混合繊維によ
り第２層を形成し、順次その上に繊維層を形成してゆ
き、その後に加熱圧着ローラ１４で加圧成形することに
より繊維マット２を形成する。また、第１、第２・・・
の複数のホッパ１２、１２・・・に供給する繊維の特質
（繊維太さ、繊維長さ）を変えれば、各層を構成する繊
維の特質を変えることができる。特に繊維マット２の中
心部に太いヤシ繊維を配し、両表面部に細いヤシ繊維を
配したものは、繊維マット２の表面側の繊維の接触密度
が高まる結果、これから成形される繊維板１は良好なも
のが得られる。In the method for producing the fiberboard 1, first, a fiber mat 2 is formed from coconut fibers from which fatty acids and / or derivatives thereof have been removed to 5% by weight or less based on the weight of the coconut fibers. The mechanism used in this step is, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of first, second,... Plural hoppers 12, 12,. The spray guns 13 are respectively arranged so as to be directed to the vicinity of the outlet of the belt conveyor 12, and the belt conveyor 1 is provided downstream of the hopper 12.
1, a thermocompression roller 14 is installed. Each hopper 12 is filled with coconut fiber and spray gun 1
The curable resin is supplied under pressure to 3, 13,.... At the same time as the operation of the belt conveyor 11, the coconut fibers are dropped from each hopper 12 onto the belt conveyor 11, and the curable resin is jetted and supplied from each spray gun 13 toward the mixed fibers. A lowermost first layer is formed by the mixed fibers from the first hopper 12, a second layer is formed thereon by the mixed fibers from the second hopper 12, and a fiber layer is sequentially formed thereon. After that, the fiber mat 2 is formed by press-molding with a thermocompression roller 14. Also, the first, second,...
By changing the characteristics (fiber thickness, fiber length) of the fibers supplied to the plurality of hoppers 12, 12,..., The characteristics of the fibers constituting each layer can be changed. In particular, in the case where thick palm fibers are arranged in the center of the fiber mat 2 and thin palm fibers are arranged on both surfaces, the contact density of the fibers on the surface side of the fiber mat 2 is increased, and as a result, the fiber board 1 to be formed from the fiber mat 1 Is good.

【００２４】次いで、この繊維マット２の両面に麻クロ
ス３、３を配置し、これらに硬化性樹脂を付着させ、熱
圧縮成形する。この工程で使われる機構も、例えば図２
に示すように、繊維マット２を前方へ引っ張りつつ、そ
の上下方から麻クロス３、３を連続供給すると共に、合
流部分にスプレーガン１３をそれぞれ配置し、その下流
に加熱圧着ローラ１５、１５を対向設置したものであ
る。スプレーガン１３、１３・・・には硬化性樹脂を加
圧供給しておく。そして、加熱圧着ローラ１５の稼働と
同時に、各スプレーガン１３から硬化性樹脂を噴射供給
し、その後に加熱圧着ローラ１５、１５で加熱加圧成形
することにより繊維板１を連続成形する。Next, hemp cloths 3, 3 are arranged on both sides of the fiber mat 2, a curable resin is adhered to them, and hot compression molding is performed. The mechanism used in this process is also shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, while pulling the fiber mat 2 forward, hemp cloths 3 and 3 are continuously supplied from above and below, and the spray guns 13 are respectively arranged at the merging portions. They are installed facing each other. The curable resin is supplied under pressure to the spray guns 13, 13,.... Then, at the same time as the operation of the heating and pressing roller 15, the curable resin is sprayed and supplied from each spray gun 13, and thereafter, the fibrous board 1 is continuously formed by heating and pressing with the heating and pressing rollers 15, 15.

【００２５】このように連続成形する製法の他に、１枚
ごとに成形する方法もある。その場合には、繊維マット
２に硬化性樹脂を付着させて型成形し、これに硬化性樹
脂を介して麻クロス３、３を貼り、熱プレス等により熱
圧縮成形する。また、硬化性樹脂はスプレーガン１３等
で噴霧することにより繊維に付着させたが、繊維を硬化
性樹脂に浸漬させることにより付着させてもよい。In addition to the continuous molding method, there is also a method of molding one sheet at a time. In this case, a hardening resin is adhered to the fiber mat 2 to form a mold, and hemp cloths 3 and 3 are attached to the fiber mat 2 via the hardening resin, followed by hot compression molding by a hot press or the like. Although the curable resin is attached to the fibers by spraying with a spray gun 13 or the like, the fibers may be attached by immersing the fibers in the curable resin.

【００２６】尚、硬化性樹脂は、繊維マット２の集束剤
又はバインダーとして使用されると共に、麻クロス３自
体への強度付与及び麻クロス３と繊維マット２との結合
剤、更には繊維板全体の結合剤又は強度付与のための構
成剤として働く。特に、繊維マット成形時の硬化性樹脂
と、麻クロス３、３と繊維マット２を成形する場合の硬
化性樹脂とは同一のものを使用するのが好ましい。硬化
性樹脂の使用量は、繊維マット２と麻クロス３を加えた
重量に対して、５〜１００重量部、好ましくは５〜３０
重量部が好ましい。更に好ましくは１０〜３０重量部が
例示される。The curable resin is used as a sizing agent or binder for the fiber mat 2, imparts strength to the hemp cloth 3 itself, a binder between the hemp cloth 3 and the fiber mat 2, and furthermore, the entire fiber board. Acts as a binder or a component for imparting strength. In particular, it is preferable to use the same curable resin when molding the fiber mat and the same curable resin when molding the hemp cloths 3 and 3 and the fiber mat 2. The amount of the curable resin used is 5 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 30 parts by weight, based on the weight of the fiber mat 2 and the hemp cloth 3.
Parts by weight are preferred. More preferably, 10 to 30 parts by weight is exemplified.

【００２７】上記繊維板１は強度が強く、繊維板１の密
度、硬化性樹脂量を調整することにより、例えば曲げ強
さ、湿潤曲げ強さで５タイプから３０タイプの中質繊維
板と同程度またはそれ以上とすることができる一方、透
湿性がシージングボードと同等或いはそれ以上の値を得
ることも可能である。The fiberboard 1 has a high strength. By adjusting the density of the fiberboard 1 and the amount of curable resin, for example, the bending strength and the wet bending strength are the same as those of 5 to 30 types of medium fiberboard. While it may be of the order of magnitude or more, it is also possible to obtain a value whose moisture permeability is equal to or greater than that of the seasing board.

【００２８】そして、ヤシ繊維は直径が約１００〜６０
０μｍと太いので、繊維マット２としたときには、繊維
充填密度にもよるが繊維間に、例えば１００μｍ〜５ｍ
ｍ程度の大きさの隙間が形成されることから、繊維マッ
ト２の透湿性は極めて良い。また、麻クロス３も編み目
が通気性をもつから、透湿性に優れる。従って、これら
の素材から得られる本発明の繊維板１は、硬化性樹脂の
量、繊維マット２、麻クロス３の使用量、圧縮成形時の
圧縮率等により、種々の強度と透湿性のものを得ること
ができる。よって、この繊維板１は優れた防風層として
機能する。The palm fiber has a diameter of about 100 to 60.
Since it is as thick as 0 μm, when the fiber mat 2 is used, for example, 100 μm to 5 m
Since a gap having a size of about m is formed, the moisture permeability of the fiber mat 2 is extremely good. The hemp cloth 3 also has excellent breathability since the stitches have air permeability. Accordingly, the fiberboard 1 of the present invention obtained from these materials has various strengths and moisture permeability depending on the amount of the curable resin, the amount of the fiber mat 2 and the amount of the hemp cloth 3 used, the compression ratio at the time of compression molding, and the like. Can be obtained. Therefore, this fiberboard 1 functions as an excellent windproof layer.

【００２９】さらに、ヤシ繊維の繊維マット２には繊維
間に大きな隙間が形成されるので、噴霧または浸漬によ
り硬化性樹脂を供給すると、硬化性樹脂が上記隙間を介
して全繊維にまんべんなく付着し、このことにより繊維
板１の強度分布が均一になる。Furthermore, since a large gap is formed between the fibers in the fiber mat 2 of the palm fiber, when the curable resin is supplied by spraying or dipping, the curable resin uniformly adheres to all the fibers through the gap. Thus, the strength distribution of the fiberboard 1 becomes uniform.

【００３０】そして、脂肪酸及び／又はその誘導体をヤ
シ繊維の重量に対して５重量％以下に抑えたから、湿潤
曲げ強度が高く、また吸水時の厚さ膨張の増大が少なく
なり、優れた耐湿性が得られる。Since the fatty acid and / or its derivative is suppressed to 5% by weight or less based on the weight of the coconut fiber, the wet bending strength is high, the increase in thickness expansion upon water absorption is reduced, and the excellent moisture resistance is obtained. Is obtained.

【００３１】また、編織物３は繊維マット２の両表面に
配置したが、本発明は、編織物３を維マット２の１表面
にのみ配置するもの、編織物３を繊維マット２の内部に
配置するもの、編織物３を繊維マット２の両表面又は１
表面並びに内部に配置するものを含むものである。さら
に、編織物３を繊維マット２の内部に配置する場合に、
編織物３を複数枚とし、編織物３と繊維マット２のヤシ
繊維等とを交互に重ねて多層状に配置したものを含む。
また、編織物３を繊維マット２の内部に配置する場合に
は、このように配置した状態でニードルパンチ等による
処理を行えば、繊維マット２と、編織物３の繊維が良く
絡み合って繊維板の剥離強度が上がり、曲げ強さ及び曲
げ弾性率が向上する。Although the knitted fabric 3 is arranged on both surfaces of the fiber mat 2, the present invention has a structure in which the knitted fabric 3 is arranged only on one surface of the fiber mat 2. What is arranged, the knitted fabric 3 is placed on both surfaces of the fiber mat 2 or 1
This includes those arranged on the surface as well as inside. Further, when the knitted fabric 3 is arranged inside the fiber mat 2,
It includes a plurality of knitted fabrics 3, in which the knitted fabrics 3 and the coconut fibers of the fiber mat 2 are alternately stacked and arranged in a multilayer shape.
When the knitted fabric 3 is disposed inside the fiber mat 2, if the treatment is performed by needle punching or the like in such a state, the fiber mat 2 and the fibers of the knitted fabric 3 are entangled well and the fiber Peel strength increases, and bending strength and flexural modulus increase.

【００３２】編織物３を繊維マット２の内部に配置した
ときには、繊維板１の引張強さ及び引張弾性率、せん断
強さ及びせん断弾性率、並びに平面内圧縮強度（平面応
力状態で圧縮力を受けたときの強さ）及び平面内圧縮弾
性率（平面応力状態で圧縮力を受けたときの弾性率）が
高くなるから、繊維板１が構造用面材として機能し、防
風層周辺の構造部分を補強することができる。When the knitted fabric 3 is disposed inside the fiber mat 2, the tensile strength and the tensile elastic modulus, the shear strength and the shear elastic modulus of the fiber board 1, and the in-plane compressive strength (the compressive force in the plane stress state is reduced). The strength of the fiberboard 1 functions as a structural surface material, and the in-plane compression elastic modulus (elastic modulus when subjected to a compressive force in a plane stress state) increases. Parts can be reinforced.

【００３３】上記実施形態では麻クロス等の編織物３を
繊維マット２の両表面に配置したが、本発明の別の実施
形態として、ヤシ繊維マットに硬化性樹脂を混合し、圧
縮成形してなる繊維板であって、ヤシ繊維マットを形成
するヤシ繊維に付着する脂肪酸及び／又はその誘導体の
量がヤシ繊維の重量に対して５重量％以下である繊維板
を挙げることができる。このようにすれば、編織物によ
る補強機能は得られないが、ヤシ繊維マットに硬化性樹
脂が付着して圧縮成形されていることから、曲げ強さ、
湿潤曲げ強さ等の強度及び透湿性とに優れ、しかもヤシ
繊維に付着する脂肪酸及び／又はその誘導体が抑えられ
ているから耐湿性が良好であり、優れた防風層として機
能する。この繊維板の製法は、図２により説明した製造
工程のなかで前段の製造工程のみでよい。In the above embodiment, the knitted fabric 3 such as hemp cloth is arranged on both surfaces of the fiber mat 2. However, as another embodiment of the present invention, a curable resin is mixed with the palm fiber mat and compression molded. And the amount of the fatty acid and / or a derivative thereof attached to the palm fiber forming the palm fiber mat is 5% by weight or less based on the weight of the palm fiber. By doing so, the reinforcing function of the knitted fabric cannot be obtained, but since the curable resin adheres to the palm fiber mat and is compression-molded, the bending strength,
It is excellent in strength such as wet bending strength and moisture permeability, and has good moisture resistance because fatty acids and / or derivatives thereof attached to palm fibers are suppressed, and functions as an excellent windproof layer. The method of manufacturing the fiberboard may be only the former manufacturing step in the manufacturing steps described with reference to FIG.

【００３４】また、以上の実施形態では、正面視が矩形
で一定厚さの繊維板についてのみ説明したが、圧縮硬化
成形時に種々形状の型により所望の形状に成形してもよ
く、その場合においても上記同様の作用及び効果を得る
ことができる。Further, in the above embodiment, only the fiberboard having a rectangular shape in a front view and a constant thickness has been described. However, it may be formed into a desired shape by various types of molds during compression hardening molding. Can obtain the same operation and effect as described above.

【００３５】[0035]

【実施例】次に本発明の実施例を比較例とともに説明す
る。Next, examples of the present invention will be described together with comparative examples.

【００３６】＜実施例１＞解繊した油ヤシ繊維（ヤシ繊
維の重量に対して脂肪酸及びその誘導体の付着量０．８
重量％）に固形分濃度４０重量％に調製したメラミン樹
脂をスプレー法により噴霧し、油ヤシ繊維重量に対し固
形分重量で１０部のメラミン樹脂を付着させた。そし
て、目付２．８４ｋｇ／ｍ²の油ヤシ繊維と油ヤシ繊維
に対し固形分重量で１０重量％のメラミン樹脂（目付
０．３８ｋｇ／ｍ²）を付着させた油ヤシ繊維を圧縮力
８００Ｐａで室温にて３０分間圧縮し油ヤシ繊維マット
を得た。次に、目付０．３２ｋｇ／ｍ²のジュートクロ
ス２枚に固形分濃度２０重量％のメラミン共重合樹脂を
ジュートクロス重量に対し固形分濃度で１０重量％にな
るようにスプレー法により付着させた。続いて、ジュー
トクロス、油ヤシ繊維マット、ジュートクロスの順に重
ねたのち、プレス機により１５５℃−１０分の条件で加
熱プレスし、厚さ９ｍｍ、密度０.４３／ｃｍ³の繊維板
が得られた。得られた繊維板は、曲げ強さが１２.５Ｎ
／ｍｍ²、７０℃−２Ｈｒ水中浸漬後の湿潤曲げ強さが
７.２Ｎ／ｍｍ²（保持率５８％）、４０℃−ＲＨ（相対
湿度）９０％の透湿度が７０ｇ／（ｍ²・Ｈｒ）、２４
Ｈｒ水中浸漬後の吸水厚さ膨張が７％であった。尚、曲
げ強さ、湿潤曲げ強さ、吸水厚さ膨張の測定は、ＪＩＳ
Ａ ５９０５ 繊維板の測定法によった。透湿係数は
ＪＩＳ Ｚ ０２０８防湿包装材料の透湿度試験方法に
準じて測定した。<Example 1> Oil coconut fiber which has been defibrated (the amount of fatty acid and its derivative attached to the weight of coconut fiber is 0.8
Melamine resin adjusted to a solid content concentration of 40% by weight was sprayed by a spray method, and 10 parts by weight of the melamine resin in terms of the solid content relative to the weight of the oil palm fiber was adhered. Then, the oil palm fiber having a basis weight of 2.84 kg / m ^{2 and} the oil palm fiber obtained by adhering a melamine resin (having a basis weight of 0.38 kg / m ² ) with a solid content of 10% by weight to the oil palm fiber at a compressive force of 800 Pa. Compressed at room temperature for 30 minutes to obtain an oil palm fiber mat. Next, a melamine copolymer resin having a solid content of 20% by weight was applied to two jute cloths having a basis weight of 0.32 kg / m ² by a spray method so that the solid content concentration became 10% by weight based on the weight of the jute cloth. . Subsequently, after jute cloth, oil palm fiber mat, and jute cloth were stacked in this order, the mixture was heated and pressed by a press machine at 155 ° C. for 10 minutes to obtain a fiber board having a thickness of 9 mm and a density of 0.43 / cm ^3. Was done. The obtained fiberboard has a bending strength of 12.5N.
/ Nm ² , 70 N / mm ² (retention rate 58%) after dipping in 70 ° C-2Hr water, 40 ° C-RH (relative humidity) 90%, moisture permeability 70 g / (m ² ··· Hr), 24
The water absorption thickness expansion after immersion in Hr water was 7%. The measurement of flexural strength, wet flexural strength, and water absorption thickness expansion is based on JIS.
A 5905 Measured by fiberboard. The moisture permeability coefficient was measured according to JIS Z 0208, a moisture permeability test method for a moisture-proof packaging material.

【００３７】＜実施例２＞解繊した油ヤシ繊維（ヤシ繊
維の重量に対して脂肪酸及びその誘導体の付着量２．２
重量％）に固形分濃度４０重量％に調製したメラミン樹
脂をスプレー法により噴霧し、油ヤシ繊維重量に対し固
形分重量で１０部のメラミン樹脂を付着させた。そし
て、目付２．８４ｋｇ／ｍ²の油ヤシ繊維と油ヤシ繊維
に対し固形分重量で１０重量％のメラミン樹脂（目付
０．３８ｋｇ／ｍ²）を付着させた油ヤシ繊維を圧縮力
８００Ｐａで室温にて３０分間圧縮し油ヤシ繊維マット
を得た。次に、目付０．３２ｋｇ／ｍ²のジュートクロ
ス２枚に固形分濃度２０重量％のメラミン共重合樹脂を
ジュートクロス重量に対し固形分濃度で１０重量％にな
るようにスプレー法により付着させた。続いて、ジュー
トクロス、油ヤシ繊維マット、ジュートクロスの順に重
ねたのち、プレス機により１５５℃−１０分の条件で加
熱プレスし、厚さ９ｍｍ、密度０．４３／ｃｍ³の繊維
板が得られた。得られた繊維板は、曲げ強さが１２.１
Ｎ／ｍｍ²、７０℃−２Ｈｒ水中浸漬後の湿潤曲げ強さ
が６.４Ｎ／ｍｍ²（保持率５３％）、４０℃−ＲＨ９０
％の透湿度が７２ｇ／（ｍ²・Ｈｒ）、２４Ｈｒ水中浸
漬後の吸水厚さ膨張が１１％であった。<Example 2> Oil coconut fiber defibrated (attachment amount of fatty acid and its derivative to the weight of coconut fiber 2.2)
Melamine resin adjusted to a solid content concentration of 40% by weight was sprayed by a spray method, and 10 parts by weight of the melamine resin in terms of the solid content relative to the weight of the oil palm fiber was adhered. Then, the oil palm fiber having a basis weight of 2.84 kg / m ^{2 and} the oil palm fiber obtained by adhering a melamine resin (having a basis weight of 0.38 kg / m ² ) with a solid content of 10% by weight to the oil palm fiber at a compressive force of 800 Pa. Compressed at room temperature for 30 minutes to obtain an oil palm fiber mat. Next, a melamine copolymer resin having a solid content of 20% by weight was applied to two jute cloths having a basis weight of 0.32 kg / m ² by a spray method so that the solid content concentration became 10% by weight based on the weight of the jute cloth. . Subsequently, after jute cloth, oil palm fiber mat, and jute cloth were stacked in this order, they were heated and pressed by a press machine at 155 ° C. for 10 minutes to obtain a fiber board having a thickness of 9 mm and a density of 0.43 / cm ^3. Was done. The resulting fiberboard has a flexural strength of 12.1
N / mm ² , wet bending strength after immersion in 70 ° C.-2Hr water is 6.4 N / mm ² (retention 53%), 40 ° C.-RH90
% Moisture permeability was 72 g / (m ² · Hr), and the water absorption thickness expansion after immersion in 24 Hr water was 11%.

【００３８】＜比較例１＞解繊した油ヤシ繊維（ヤシ繊
維の重量に対して脂肪酸及びその誘導体の付着量８．７
重量％）に固形分濃度４０重量％に調製したメラミン樹
脂をスプレー法により噴霧し、油ヤシ繊維重量に対し固
形分重量で１０部のメラミン樹脂を付着させた。そし
て、目付２．８４ｋｇ／ｍ²の油ヤシ繊維と油ヤシ繊維
に対し固形分重量で１０部のメラミン樹脂（目付０．３
８ｋｇ／ｃｍ²）を付着させた油ヤシ繊維を圧縮力８０
０Ｐａで室温にて３０分間圧縮し油ヤシ繊維マットを得
た。次に、目付０．３２ｋｇ／ｃｍ²のジュートクロス
２枚に固形分濃度２０重量％のメラミン樹脂をジュート
クロス重量に対し固形分濃度で１０重量％になるように
スプレー法により付着させた。続いて、ジュートクロ
ス、油ヤシ繊維マット、ジュートクロスの順に重ねたの
ち、プレス機により１５５℃−１０分の条件で加熱プレ
スし、厚さ９ｍｍ、密度０.４３ｇ／ｃｍ³の繊維板が得
られた。得られた繊維板は、曲げ強さが１１.６０Ｎ／
ｍｍ²、７０℃−２Ｈｒ水中浸漬後の湿潤曲げ強さが
３．２０Ｎ／ｍｍ²（保持率２８％）、４０℃−ＲＨ９
０％の透湿度が６５ｇ／（ｍ２・Ｈｒ）、２４Ｈｒ水中
浸漬後の吸水厚さ膨張が２２％であった。<Comparative Example 1> Fibrillated oil palm fiber (the amount of fatty acid and its derivative attached to the weight of palm fiber is 8.7)
Melamine resin adjusted to a solid content concentration of 40% by weight was sprayed by a spray method, and 10 parts by weight of the melamine resin in terms of the solid content relative to the weight of the oil palm fiber was adhered. The oil palm fiber having a basis weight of 2.84 kg / m ^{2 and} the oil palm fiber having a solid content of 10 parts by weight of melamine resin (having a basis weight of 0.3
8 kg / cm ² ) of oil palm fiber with a compressive force of 80
Compressed at 0 Pa at room temperature for 30 minutes to obtain an oil palm fiber mat. Next, a melamine resin having a solid content of 20% by weight was applied to two jute cloths having a basis weight of 0.32 kg / cm ² by a spray method so that the solid content concentration became 10% by weight based on the weight of the jute cloth. Subsequently, after jute cloth, oil palm fiber mat, and jute cloth were stacked in this order, they were heated and pressed by a press machine at 155 ° C. for 10 minutes to obtain a fiber board having a thickness of 9 mm and a density of 0.43 g / cm ^3. Was done. The obtained fiberboard has a bending strength of 11.60 N /
mm ² , 70 ° C.-2Hr wet immersion strength after immersion in water 3.20 N / mm ² (retention 28%), 40 ° C.-RH9
The moisture permeability at 0% was 65 g / (m2 · Hr), and the water absorption thickness expansion after immersion in water for 24 hours was 22%.

【００３９】表１は、実施例１、実施例２及び比較例１
のヤシ繊維の脂肪酸およびその誘導体の付着量、繊維板
の曲げ強さ、湿潤曲げ強さ、透湿度、及び吸水厚さ膨張
を示す。表１から分かるように、油ヤシ繊維に付着して
いる脂肪または脂肪酸の付着量が少ないものほど湿潤曲
げ強度が高い値を示し、吸水厚さ膨張も小さい値を示
し、得られた繊維板の耐湿性が特に良好であった。Table 1 shows Examples 1, 2 and Comparative Example 1.
2 shows the amount of fatty acids and derivatives thereof attached to coconut fibers, flexural strength, wet flexural strength, moisture permeability, and expansion of water absorption thickness of fiberboard. As can be seen from Table 1, the smaller the amount of fat or fatty acid adhering to the oil palm fiber, the higher the value of the wet bending strength and the smaller the water absorption thickness expansion, and the resulting fiberboard The moisture resistance was particularly good.

【００４０】[0040]

【表１】 [Table 1]

【００４１】[0041]

【発明の効果】以上説明したように、請求項１の繊維板
は、ヤシ繊維マットに硬化性樹脂を混合し、圧縮成形し
てなる繊維板であって、ヤシ繊維マットを形成するヤシ
繊維に付着する脂肪酸及び／又はその誘導体の量をヤシ
繊維の重量に対して５重量％以下としたものであるの
で、強度と透湿性に優れ、且つ耐湿性が良好である。さ
らに、請求項２の繊維板は、ヤシ繊維マット１００重量
部に対して５〜５０重量部の植物繊維からなる編織物を
積層し、これらに硬化性樹脂を混合し、圧縮成形してな
る繊維板であって、ヤシ繊維マットを形成するヤシ繊維
に付着する脂肪酸及び／又はその誘導体の量をヤシ繊維
の重量に対して５重量％以下としたものであるので、引
張強さ及び引張弾性率の高い編織物の補強により、更に
高い強度が得られる。そして、これらの繊維板ではヤシ
繊維に付着している脂肪酸及び／又はその誘導体をヤシ
繊維の重量に対して５重量％以下まで減らしたので、湿
潤曲げ強度が高く、また吸水時の厚さ膨張の増大が少な
くなり、優れた耐湿性を得ることができる。従って、こ
れらの繊維板により防風層等を形成すれば、室内の水蒸
気を通気層をスムーズに透過させることができると共
に、断熱層を安定して保持できるのは勿論のこと、耐湿
性が優れるので長期にわたりその強度を保持することが
できる。As described above, the fiberboard according to claim 1 is a fiberboard obtained by mixing a hardening resin with a coconut fiber mat and compression-molding the coconut fiber. Since the amount of the fatty acid and / or derivative thereof to be attached is 5% by weight or less based on the weight of the coconut fiber, the strength and moisture permeability are excellent and the moisture resistance is good. Further, the fiberboard according to claim 2 is a fiber obtained by laminating a knitted woven fabric composed of 5 to 50 parts by weight of plant fiber with respect to 100 parts by weight of a coconut fiber mat, mixing a curable resin with them, and compression molding. The plate has a fatty acid and / or a derivative thereof attached to the palm fiber forming the palm fiber mat in an amount of 5% by weight or less based on the weight of the palm fiber. Higher strength can be obtained by reinforcement of a knitted fabric having a high strength. In these fiberboards, the fatty acid and / or derivative thereof attached to the coconut fiber is reduced to 5% by weight or less based on the weight of the coconut fiber, so that the wet bending strength is high and the thickness expansion upon water absorption is achieved. Is small, and excellent moisture resistance can be obtained. Therefore, if a windproof layer or the like is formed from these fiber boards, indoor water vapor can be smoothly transmitted through the ventilation layer, and the heat insulating layer can be held stably, as well as having excellent moisture resistance. The strength can be maintained for a long time.

【００４２】また、本発明の繊維板の用途としては、防
風層に限定されるものではなく、強度、透湿性、耐湿性
が優れるので、例えば、外壁下地材、床材、床下地材、
畳材、屋根下地材、天井材、住宅内装材、内装下地材、
建築用断熱材、胴縁材、遮音材、吸音材、緩衝材、衝撃
吸収材、コンクリート型枠材、積載用パレット、自動車
等車両の内装材、自動車等車両の内装下地材、家具材等
として使用するにも好適である。The use of the fiberboard of the present invention is not limited to a windproof layer, but is excellent in strength, moisture permeability and moisture resistance.
Tatami materials, roof base materials, ceiling materials, home interior materials, interior base materials,
As heat insulating material for building, rim material, sound insulating material, sound absorbing material, cushioning material, shock absorbing material, concrete formwork material, loading pallet, interior material for vehicles such as automobiles, base material for vehicles such as automobiles, furniture material, etc. It is also suitable for use.

【００４３】請求項３の繊維板によれば、ヤシ繊維とし
て油ヤシ繊維を使用したので、上記効果に加えて、製造
に要するエネルギーを節減でき、コスト低減を図ること
ができる。According to the fiberboard of the third aspect, since oil palm fiber is used as the palm fiber, in addition to the above effects, the energy required for production can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.

【００４４】請求項４の繊維板によれば、植物繊維から
なる網織物に麻繊維からなる編植物を使用したので、強
度の補強効果が大きい。According to the fiberboard of the fourth aspect, since the knitted plant made of hemp fiber is used for the net fabric made of plant fiber, the effect of reinforcing the strength is large.

【００４５】請求項５及び請求項６によれば、上記繊維
板に好適な製法を提案することができた。According to the fifth and sixth aspects, a manufacturing method suitable for the fiberboard could be proposed.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図１】実施形態の繊維板の断面図、FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a fiberboard according to an embodiment;

【図２】実施形態の繊維マットの製法を示す説明図であ
る。FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a method for producing a fiber mat of the embodiment.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１ 繊維板 ２ 繊維マット ３ 麻クロス（編織物） DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fiber board 2 Fiber mat 3 Hemp cloth (knitted fabric)

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 栗本 健二 神戸市垂水区舞子台２丁目９番30号1219 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Kenji Kurimoto 2-9-19-1 Maikodai, Tarumizu-ku, Kobe 1219

Claims (6)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 ヤシ繊維マットに硬化性樹脂を混合し、
圧縮成形してなる繊維板であって、ヤシ繊維マットを形
成するヤシ繊維に付着する脂肪酸及び／又はその誘導体
の量をヤシ繊維の重量に対して５重量％以下とした繊維
板。A coconut fiber mat is mixed with a curable resin,
A fiberboard obtained by compression molding, wherein the amount of a fatty acid and / or a derivative thereof attached to a palm fiber forming a palm fiber mat is 5% by weight or less based on the weight of the palm fiber. 【請求項２】 ヤシ繊維マット１００重量部に対して５
〜５０重量部の植物繊維からなる編織物を積層し、これ
らに硬化性樹脂を混合し、圧縮成形してなる繊維板であ
って、ヤシ繊維マットを形成するヤシ繊維に付着する脂
肪酸及び／又はその誘導体の量をヤシ繊維の重量に対し
て５重量％以下とした繊維板。2. 5 parts per 100 parts by weight of coconut fiber mat
A fibrous board obtained by laminating a knitted woven fabric composed of 50 to 50 parts by weight of plant fiber, mixing a curable resin with them, and compression-molding the fatty acid and / or fatty acid adhering to palm fibers forming a palm fiber mat. A fiberboard wherein the amount of the derivative is 5% by weight or less based on the weight of the coconut fiber. 【請求項３】 ヤシ繊維が油ヤシ繊維である請求項１又
は２記載の繊維板。3. The fiberboard according to claim 1, wherein the palm fiber is an oil palm fiber. 【請求項４】 植物繊維からなる編織物が、麻繊維から
なる編織物である請求項２又は３記載の繊維板。4. The fiberboard according to claim 2, wherein the knitted fabric made of plant fibers is a knitted fabric made of hemp fibers. 【請求項５】 ヤシ繊維の重量に対して脂肪酸及び／又
はその誘導体の付着量を５重量％以下としたヤシ繊維か
ら繊維マットを形成し、これらに硬化性樹脂を混合し、
圧縮成形する請求項１記載の繊維板の製法。5. A fiber mat is formed from coconut fibers in which the amount of fatty acid and / or a derivative thereof attached is 5% by weight or less based on the weight of coconut fibers, and a curable resin is mixed therewith.
The method for producing a fiberboard according to claim 1, wherein the fiberboard is compression molded. 【請求項６】 ヤシ繊維の重量に対して脂肪酸及び／又
はその誘導体の付着量を５重量％以下としたヤシ繊維か
ら繊維マットを形成し、この繊維マットに５〜５０重量
部の植物繊維からなる編織物を積層し、これらに硬化性
樹脂を混合し、圧縮成形する請求項２記載の繊維板の製
法。6. A fiber mat is formed from coconut fiber in which the amount of fatty acid and / or a derivative thereof is 5% by weight or less based on the weight of coconut fiber, and 5 to 50 parts by weight of plant fiber is formed on the fiber mat. The method for producing a fiberboard according to claim 2, wherein the knitted fabrics are laminated, a curable resin is mixed with the knitted fabrics, and compression molding is performed.