JPH10335937A - Voltage control crystal oscillator circuit - Google Patents

Voltage control crystal oscillator circuit

Info

Publication number
JPH10335937A
JPH10335937A JP15744097A JP15744097A JPH10335937A JP H10335937 A JPH10335937 A JP H10335937A JP 15744097 A JP15744097 A JP 15744097A JP 15744097 A JP15744097 A JP 15744097A JP H10335937 A JPH10335937 A JP H10335937A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
emitter
resonator
oscillation
crystal
transistor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP15744097A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kuichi Kubo
保 九 一 久
Makoto Watanabe
辺 誠 渡
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nihon Dempa Kogyo Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nihon Dempa Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nihon Dempa Kogyo Co Ltd filed Critical Nihon Dempa Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority to JP15744097A priority Critical patent/JPH10335937A/en
Publication of JPH10335937A publication Critical patent/JPH10335937A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
  • Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a voltage control crystal oscillator circuit, which forms an oscillator circuit in a wide frequency band with a fixed circuit constant and also acquires appropriate frequency variable width, regardless of an oscillation frequency by inserting a diode clamp on the side of an output terminal of a crystal resonator and limiting an excitation level. SOLUTION: One end of a crystal resonator 23 is connected to the base of an oscillator transistor 21 via a capacitor 22. The other end of the resonator 23 is grounded via a variable capacitor diode 24. Control voltage VC is applied to a serially connecting point of the diode 24 and the resonator 23 through resistance 25, the load capacity of the resonator 23 is controlled according to the voltage VC, and an oscillation frequency is varied. The base of the transistor 21 is connected to a power source Vcc via resistances 26 and 27, and an emitter is grounded via an emitter resistance 29. Condensers 30 and 31 are separately inserted between the base and emitter of the transistor 21 and between the emitter and the ground, and oscillation power is taken out.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、同一構成の発振回
路を用いて広い周波数範囲で大きな周波数可変幅を得る
ことができる電圧制御水晶発振回路に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a voltage controlled crystal oscillation circuit capable of obtaining a large frequency variable width over a wide frequency range using oscillation circuits having the same configuration.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来、水晶振動子の負荷容量を電圧によ
って可変し、たとえば水晶振動子に直列に接続したバリ
キャップ・ダイオードの印加電圧を可変して発振周波数
を電圧制御する電圧制御水晶発振回路が知られている。
このような発振回路による水晶発振器を大量に製造する
場合、従来は、たとえば個々のトランジスタ、抵抗、コ
ンデンサ、水晶振動子、等を小型のプリント基板に実装
して組み立てるようにしていた。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a voltage-controlled crystal oscillation circuit that varies the load capacitance of a crystal unit by a voltage, for example, varies the applied voltage of a varicap diode connected in series to the crystal unit to control the oscillation frequency. It has been known.
When a large number of crystal oscillators using such an oscillation circuit are manufactured, conventionally, for example, individual transistors, resistors, capacitors, crystal oscillators, and the like are mounted on a small printed circuit board and assembled.

【0003】しかしながら最近では、部品の小型化、組
立工程の簡素化、コストの低減および半導体製造技術の
進歩により、トランジスタ、抵抗、コンデンサ等の回路
素子を1チップの半導体集積回路とし、これと水晶振動
子とを組み合わせて発振器を構成することが行われてい
る。
Recently, however, circuit elements such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors have been replaced with one-chip semiconductor integrated circuits, which have been combined with quartz crystals, due to the downsizing of parts, the simplification of assembly processes, the reduction in cost, and the advance in semiconductor manufacturing technology. 2. Description of the Related Art An oscillator is configured by combining with a vibrator.

【0004】図3は、この種の水晶発振回路の一例を示
す回路図で、発振トランジスタ1のベースにコンデンサ
2を介して水晶振動子3の一端を接続している。そして
水晶振動子3の他端をバリキャップ・ダイオード(電圧
可変容量素子)4を介して接地している。そしてバリキ
ャップ・ダイオード4と水晶振動子3との直列接続点に
抵抗5を介して制御電圧VCを印加し、制御電圧に応じ
て水晶振動子3の負荷容量を制御して発振周波数を可変
するようにしている。
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing an example of this type of crystal oscillation circuit. One end of a crystal resonator 3 is connected to the base of an oscillation transistor 1 via a capacitor 2. The other end of the crystal unit 3 is grounded via a varicap diode (voltage variable capacitance element) 4. Then, a control voltage VC is applied to the series connection point of the varicap diode 4 and the crystal resonator 3 via the resistor 5, and the load capacitance of the crystal resonator 3 is controlled according to the control voltage to vary the oscillation frequency. Like that.

【0005】そして、発振トランジスタ1のベースは抵
抗6、7を介して電源Vccおよび接地電位に接続して
いる。またトランジスタ1のコレクタは負荷抵抗8を介
して電源Vccに接続し、エミッタはエミッタ抵抗9を
介して接地している。そしてコンデンサ10、11をト
ランジスタ1のベースとエミッタの間およびエミッタと
接地との間に介挿し、エミッタからコンデンサ12を介
して発振出力を取り出すようにしている。
[0005] The base of the oscillation transistor 1 is connected to the power supply Vcc and the ground potential via the resistors 6 and 7. The collector of the transistor 1 is connected to a power supply Vcc via a load resistor 8, and the emitter is grounded via an emitter resistor 9. The capacitors 10 and 11 are interposed between the base and the emitter of the transistor 1 and between the emitter and the ground, and an oscillation output is extracted from the emitter via the capacitor 12.

【0006】ところで、このような発振回路を集積回路
とする場合、半導体集積回路は同一構成のものを大量に
製造するほどコストを低減でき、また品質も安定するた
めに、その回路構成は広い周波数範囲に適用できるもの
であることが望ましい。しかしながら電圧制御水晶発振
回路の場合、同じ回路構成で広い周波数範囲で使用する
と、たとえば高い周波数域で適正な周波数可変幅を得る
ように回路定数を設定した場合、低い周波数域では図4
(b)に示すように周波数可変幅は著しく狭くなってし
まう問題があった。
In the case where such an oscillator circuit is an integrated circuit, the cost can be reduced as the semiconductor integrated circuit is manufactured in large numbers with the same configuration, and the circuit configuration has a wide frequency range. It is desirable that it be applicable to the range. However, in the case of a voltage-controlled crystal oscillation circuit, if the same circuit configuration is used in a wide frequency range, for example, when a circuit constant is set so as to obtain an appropriate frequency variable width in a high frequency range, FIG.
As shown in (b), there is a problem that the frequency variable width becomes extremely narrow.

【0007】発明者らの研究の結果、このように低い周
波数域で周波数可変幅が狭くなる原因は、高い周波数域
で適正な回路定数を設定した場合、低い周波数域では図
4(a)に示すように水晶振動子の励振レベルは著しく
大きくなりそれによって周波数可変幅が狭くなることが
明らかとなった。
As a result of the research by the inventors, the reason why the frequency variable width becomes narrow in such a low frequency range is that when an appropriate circuit constant is set in a high frequency range, FIG. As shown, it was found that the excitation level of the crystal resonator was significantly increased, thereby narrowing the frequency variable width.

【0008】[0008]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は上記の事情に
鑑みてなされたもので、一定の回路定数で広い周波数域
で発振回路を構成することができ、しかも発振周波数に
かかわらず適正な周波数可変幅を得ることができる電圧
制御水晶発振回路を提供することを目的とするものであ
る。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an oscillation circuit can be formed in a wide frequency range with a constant circuit constant. It is an object of the present invention to provide a voltage controlled crystal oscillation circuit capable of obtaining a variable width.

【0008】[0008]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の請求項1は、水
晶発振回路の負荷容量を制御電圧に応じて変化させて発
振周波数を変化させる電圧制御水晶発振回路において、
水晶振動子の出力端子側にダイオード・クランプを介挿
して振幅を制限したことを特徴とする電圧制御水晶発振
回路であり、請求項2は請求項1に記載のものにおい
て、発振回路は1チップの半導体集積回路であることを
特徴とする電圧制御水晶発振回路である。
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a voltage controlled crystal oscillation circuit for changing an oscillation frequency by changing a load capacitance of the crystal oscillation circuit according to a control voltage.
A voltage-controlled crystal oscillation circuit, wherein the amplitude is limited by inserting a diode clamp on the output terminal side of the crystal resonator, wherein the oscillation circuit is a one-chip type. The voltage controlled crystal oscillation circuit is characterized by being a semiconductor integrated circuit of the above.

【0008】[0008]

【発明の実施の形態】以下、図1に示す回路図、図2
(a)(b)に示すグラフを参照して、本発明の実施の
形態を説明する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The circuit diagram shown in FIG.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the graphs shown in FIGS.

【0009】すなわち、発振トランジスタ21のベース
にコンデンサ22を介して水晶振動子23の一端を接続
している。そして水晶振動子23の他端をバリキャップ
・ダイオード(電圧可変容量素子)24を介して接地し
ている。そしてバリキャップ・ダイオード24と水晶振
動子23との直列接続点に抵抗25を介して制御電圧V
Cを印加し、制御電圧に応じて水晶振動子23の負荷容
量を制御して発振周波数を可変するようにしている。
That is, one end of the crystal oscillator 23 is connected to the base of the oscillation transistor 21 via the capacitor 22. The other end of the crystal unit 23 is grounded via a varicap diode (voltage variable capacitance element) 24. A control voltage V is connected to a series connection point of the varicap diode 24 and the crystal unit 23 through the resistor 25.
C is applied, and the load capacitance of the crystal resonator 23 is controlled according to the control voltage to vary the oscillation frequency.

【0010】そして、発振トランジスタ21のベースは
抵抗26、27を介して電源Vccおよび接地電位にそ
れぞれ接続している。またトランジスタ21のコレクタ
は負荷抵抗28を介して電源Vccに接続し、エミッタ
はエミッタ抵抗29を介して接地している。
The base of the oscillation transistor 21 is connected to a power supply Vcc and a ground potential via resistors 26 and 27, respectively. The collector of the transistor 21 is connected to the power supply Vcc via the load resistor 28, and the emitter is grounded via the emitter resistor 29.

【0011】そしてコンデンサ30、31をトランジス
タ21のベースとエミッタの間およびエミッタと接地と
の間にそれぞれ介挿し、エミッタからコンデンサ32を
介して発振出力を取り出すようにしている。そして、コ
ンデンサ22と水晶振動子23の直列接続点と接地電位
との間に、水晶振の動子の励振レベルを制限するために
2個のダイオード33、34を逆並列に接続して介挿し
ている。
The capacitors 30 and 31 are interposed between the base and the emitter of the transistor 21 and between the emitter and the ground, respectively, and an oscillation output is taken out from the emitter via the capacitor 32. Then, two diodes 33 and 34 are connected in anti-parallel between the series connection point of the capacitor 22 and the crystal unit 23 and the ground potential in order to limit the excitation level of the crystal unit. ing.

【0012】このような構成であれば、水晶振動子23
の励振レベルはダイオード33、34によってクランプ
される。したがって一定の励振レベルを越えるとダイオ
ード33、34が導通して、それ以上に励振レベルが大
きくなることはない。したがって、たとえば高い周波数
域で適正な励振レベルと周波数可変幅を得るように回路
定数を設定した集積回路を低い発振周波数に用いた場
合、たとえば図2(a)に示すように水晶振動子の励振
レベルはダイオード33、34によってクランプされて
極端に大きくなることはなく、それによって図2(b)
に示すように適正な周波数可変幅を得ることができる。
With such a configuration, the quartz oscillator 23
Is clamped by diodes 33 and 34. Therefore, when the excitation level exceeds a certain level, the diodes 33 and 34 conduct, and the excitation level does not increase further. Therefore, for example, when an integrated circuit in which circuit constants are set so as to obtain an appropriate excitation level and frequency variable width in a high frequency range is used at a low oscillation frequency, for example, as shown in FIG. The level is not clamped by the diodes 33 and 34, and does not become extremely large.
As shown in (1), an appropriate frequency variable width can be obtained.

【0012】なお、本発明は上記実施例に限定されるも
のではなく、たとえば電界効果トランジスタ(FET)
を発振トランジスタに用いた電圧制御水晶発振回路にも
適用できるし、インバータの入・出力間に水晶振の動子
を介挿した電圧制御水晶発振回路にも適用できることは
もちろんである。
It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and for example, a field effect transistor (FET)
Can of course be applied to a voltage controlled crystal oscillation circuit using an oscillator transistor, or a voltage controlled crystal oscillation circuit in which a crystal oscillator is inserted between the input and output of the inverter.

【0013】[0013]

【発明の効果】本発明は、以上説明したような形態で実
施され、以下に記載されるような効果を奏する。
The present invention is embodied in the form described above and has the following effects.

【0013】水晶振の動子の励振レベルを逆並列に接続
した2個のダイオードでクランプすることによって発振
周波数にかかわらず適正な励振レベルを維持することが
できる。したがって半導体集積回路によって発振回路を
構成した場合、単一の集積回路を広い周波数範囲で使用
して適正な周波数可変幅を得ることができる効果を奏す
ることができる。
An appropriate excitation level can be maintained regardless of the oscillation frequency by clamping the excitation level of the quartz crystal oscillator with two diodes connected in antiparallel. Therefore, when the oscillation circuit is configured by the semiconductor integrated circuit, it is possible to obtain an effect that an appropriate frequency variable width can be obtained by using a single integrated circuit in a wide frequency range.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】本発明の一実施例の発振回路を示す回路図であ
る。
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an oscillation circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention.

【図2】図1に示す発振回路の発振特性を示すグラフ
で、(a)は励振レベル、(b)は周波数変化を示すも
のである。
2A and 2B are graphs showing oscillation characteristics of the oscillation circuit shown in FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 2A shows an excitation level and FIG. 2B shows a change in frequency.

【図3】従来の水晶発振回路の一例を示す回路図であ
る。
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a conventional crystal oscillation circuit.

【図4】図3に示す発振回路の発振特性を示すグラフ
で、(a)は励振レベル、(b)は周波数変化を示すも
のである。
4 is a graph showing the oscillation characteristics of the oscillation circuit shown in FIG. 3, wherein (a) shows an excitation level and (b) shows a change in frequency.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

21 トランジスタ 23 水晶振動子 33、34 ダイオード 21 Transistor 23 Quartz Crystal Resonator 33, 34 Diode

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】水晶発振回路の負荷容量を制御電圧に応じ
て変化させて発振周波数を変化させる電圧制御水晶発振
回路において、 水晶振動子にダイオード・クランプを接続して励振レベ
ルを制限したことを特徴とする電圧制御水晶発振回路。
In a voltage controlled crystal oscillation circuit for changing an oscillation frequency by changing a load capacitance of a crystal oscillation circuit according to a control voltage, an excitation level is limited by connecting a diode clamp to the crystal resonator. Characteristic voltage controlled crystal oscillation circuit.
【請求項2】請求項1に記載のものにおいて、発振回路
は1チップの半導体集積回路であることを特徴とする電
圧制御水晶発振回路。
2. The voltage controlled crystal oscillation circuit according to claim 1, wherein the oscillation circuit is a one-chip semiconductor integrated circuit.
JP15744097A 1997-05-30 1997-05-30 Voltage control crystal oscillator circuit Pending JPH10335937A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP15744097A JPH10335937A (en) 1997-05-30 1997-05-30 Voltage control crystal oscillator circuit

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP15744097A JPH10335937A (en) 1997-05-30 1997-05-30 Voltage control crystal oscillator circuit

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH10335937A true JPH10335937A (en) 1998-12-18

Family

ID=15649704

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP15744097A Pending JPH10335937A (en) 1997-05-30 1997-05-30 Voltage control crystal oscillator circuit

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH10335937A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6577203B2 (en) 2000-08-29 2003-06-10 Seiko Epson Corporation System and methods for providing a voltage-controlled oscillator

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6577203B2 (en) 2000-08-29 2003-06-10 Seiko Epson Corporation System and methods for providing a voltage-controlled oscillator

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