JPH09257285A - Humidity controller - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a small, compact and highly accurate humidity controller by providing a preliminary saturating tank for substantially saturating humidified air produced in a humidifying tank between a saturating tank and the humidifying tank. SOLUTION: A preliminary saturating tank 10 comprises a spiral passage 10b closed from the lower part to the upper part on the outer periphery of a metallic cylinder and a plurality of fin shaped heat radiating members 10a provided radially on the outside thereof. Thus, the temperature of humidified air is brought near to a room temperature T1, the humidified air A0 from a humidifying tank 9 is passed through the spiral passage 10b from the lower part to the upper part and saturated in concordance with the room temperature and guided to a saturating tank 2 provided in series in an upper part. Excessive water W produced after being slightly cooled by the saturating tank 2 and the preliminary saturating tank 10 or the like flows down and drops to the vertically and serially arranged preliminary saturating tank 10 and the humidifying tank 9, so that the large quantity of saturated air humidified by the humidifying tank 9 can be generated without occurrence an inconvenience such as a retention on the way. Thus, the device is preferable for a long period operation.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、湿度計を校正す
るために湿度を発生する湿度発生装置に関するものであ
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a humidity generator that generates humidity for calibrating a hygrometer.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】湿度計を校正するために使用する湿度発
生装置には、飽和槽の飽和空気と乾燥空気を混合させる
分流式を用いたもの、あるいは水蒸気が飽和している飽
和槽の温度、圧力と、目的とする湿度を得るための測定
・試験槽の温度、圧力との比を利用して所定の湿度を発
生する２温度法、２圧力法、２温度２圧力法を用いたも
の等がある。2. Description of the Related Art A humidity generator used to calibrate a hygrometer uses a shunt type of mixing saturated air and dry air in a saturated tank, or the temperature of a saturated tank in which water vapor is saturated, A two-temperature method, a two-pressure method, a two-temperature two-pressure method that generates a predetermined humidity by using the ratio of the pressure and the temperature of the measurement / test tank to obtain the desired humidity and the pressure. There is.

【０００３】分流式では、飽和空気と乾燥空気との混合
比の精度の確保が難しく、又、２温度法、２圧力法で
は、０．１℃の温度差が湿度１％ＲＨであることから、
２温度法では、飽和槽、試験槽の各温度を精密に維持す
る必要があり、槽の温度を変化させるに時間を要するも
のであり、又、２圧力法では圧力の切換で済むので応答
は速いが、通常大きな恒温槽を必要とする。In the split-flow method, it is difficult to ensure the accuracy of the mixing ratio of saturated air and dry air, and in the 2-temperature method and 2-pressure method, the temperature difference of 0.1 ° C. is 1% RH in humidity. ,
In the two-temperature method, it is necessary to precisely maintain the temperatures of the saturated tank and the test tank, and it takes time to change the temperature of the tank. In the two-pressure method, the pressure can be switched, so the response is Fast, but usually requires a large constant temperature bath.

【０００４】つまり、こうした湿度発生装置には、加湿
槽からの加湿空気から恒温恒湿の飽和空気を得るための
飽和槽（飽和器、飽和装置）等が用いられ、これにより
得られた飽和空気を試験槽に供給してるが、通常は飽和
槽や試験槽は大型の水温槽内に設置して一定温度とし所
望の飽和空気等を得るようにしている（これらの点につ
いては、ＪＩＳ Ｚ８８０６−１９８１、Ｂ７９２０−
１９９４等を参照）。That is, a saturated tank (saturator, saturation device) or the like for obtaining constant-temperature and constant-humidity saturated air from the humidified air from the humidifying tank is used as such a humidity generator. Are usually supplied to the test tank, but normally, the saturation tank and the test tank are installed in a large water temperature tank to obtain a desired saturated air or the like at a constant temperature (for these points, JIS Z8806- 1981, B7920-
1994, etc.).

【０００５】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、このよ
うな水温槽を用いると、水温槽全体の温度制御を必要と
し制御対象の熱容量が大きく、制御が困難で、また、均
一な温度分布を得るために水温槽全体を攪拌する等の必
要があり、温度分布の評価が難しく、かつ装置や付帯設
備が大型で複雑なものとなる問題点があった。However, when such a water temperature tank is used, it is necessary to control the temperature of the entire water temperature tank, the heat capacity of the controlled object is large, the control is difficult, and a uniform temperature distribution is obtained. Since it is necessary to stir the entire water temperature tank, it is difficult to evaluate the temperature distribution, and the equipment and auxiliary equipment are large and complicated.

【０００６】この発明の目的は、以上の点に鑑み、簡単
な構成で、小形、コンパクト、高精度の湿度発生装置を
提供することである。In view of the above points, an object of the present invention is to provide a small-sized, compact, highly accurate humidity generator having a simple structure.

【０００７】[0007]

【課題を解決するための手段】この発明は、２圧力法に
よる湿度発生装置において、飽和槽と加湿槽との間に加
湿槽で発生した加湿空気をほぼ飽和させるための予備飽
和槽を設けるようにした湿度発生装置である。According to the present invention, in a humidity generator using a two-pressure method, a pre-saturation tank for substantially saturating the humidified air generated in the humidifying tank is provided between the saturated tank and the humidifying tank. This is a humidity generator.

【０００８】[0008]

【発明の実施の形態】図１（ａ）は、この発明の一実施
例を示す２圧力法による湿度計校正用の湿度発生装置で
ある。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1A shows a humidity generator for calibrating a hygrometer by the two-pressure method, showing an embodiment of the present invention.

【０００９】図において、試験槽５、飽和槽２の下部に
上下垂直、直列的に、予備飽和槽１０、加湿槽９が設け
られている。最も下に設けられた加湿槽９はたとえばバ
ブリング槽で、水Ｗを収容し下部よりコンプレッサ等で
導入され加圧されたエアＡは、多孔性を有する焼結金属
９１等から水Ｗの中をバブリングされほぼ飽和に近い湿
潤した加湿空気Ａｏとなって、配管９２を介して予備飽
和槽１０の下部に導入される。この加湿槽９の上部に直
列的に設けられた予備飽和槽１０は、外側にフィン状の
放熱体１０ａを有し外気との熱交換を促進し加湿空気Ａ
ｏの温度を室温に近づけてなじませ、ほぼ飽和空気とし
予備飽和槽２の上部に直列的に設けられた飽和槽２に導
入する。In the figure, a pre-saturation tank 10 and a humidification tank 9 are provided vertically and vertically below the test tank 5 and the saturation tank 2 in series. The moisturizing tank 9 provided at the bottom is, for example, a bubbling tank, and the air A that contains water W and is introduced from a lower portion by a compressor or the like and pressurized is used to clean the water W from the porous sintered metal 91 or the like. The humidified air Ao that has been bubbled and is almost saturated is introduced into the lower portion of the pre-saturation tank 10 through the pipe 92. The pre-saturation tank 10 provided in series above the humidification tank 9 has a fin-shaped radiator 10a on the outside to promote heat exchange with the outside air and to humidify the air A.
The temperature of o is brought close to room temperature to adjust the temperature to almost saturated air and introduced into the saturation tank 2 provided in series above the pre-saturation tank 2.

【００１０】この飽和槽２は、アルミニウム、銅等の熱
伝導の良好な金属ブロック等の高熱伝導体１の内部の下
方に設けられ、又、高熱伝導体１の内部の上方に試験槽
５が一体的に上下に直列的に設けられている。つまり、
飽和槽２、試験槽５は、高熱伝導体１内に、例えば、く
りぬき、又は密着組み合わせ等で一体化して形成する。
この飽和槽２は、高熱伝導体１内に密閉空間を形成し、
その内部の空間の底面を水Ｗを収容する水盤状とされ、
下部より導入された空気Ａ０を水Ｗの表面を通過させる
構造で外方から温度Ｔ１、圧力Ｐ１の１００％ＲＨの十
分な飽和空気Ａ１を取り出す。なお、高熱伝導体１を構
成するアルミニウム、銅の熱伝導率は、水の約４２０〜
７２０倍で、極めて熱伝導が高く、全体として０．１℃
以内の均熱性が容易に得られる。The saturation tank 2 is provided below the inside of the high thermal conductor 1 such as a metal block of aluminum, copper or the like having good thermal conductivity, and the test tank 5 is provided above the inside of the high thermal conductor 1. They are integrally provided in series vertically. That is,
The saturation tank 2 and the test tank 5 are integrally formed in the high thermal conductor 1 by, for example, hollowing or close contact.
This saturation tank 2 forms a closed space inside the high thermal conductor 1,
The bottom of the inner space is made into a basin shape for containing water W,
Sufficient saturated air A1 having a temperature T1 and a pressure P1 of 100% RH is taken from the outside with a structure in which the air A0 introduced from the lower portion passes through the surface of the water W. The thermal conductivity of aluminum and copper that constitute the high thermal conductor 1 is about 420 to about that of water.
720 times, extremely high thermal conductivity, 0.1 ℃ as a whole
Soaking property within is easily obtained.

【００１１】そして、飽和槽２からの飽和空気Ａ１は、
圧力調整弁３で減圧され、断熱膨脹による温度低下を防
止するための加温手段４を有する配管３１を介し、この
減圧された空気は、飽和槽２の上部に設けられた試験槽
５の外周に螺旋状に形成された熱伝導体１内の通路５１
を上方から下方に通過して試験槽５に供給される。試験
槽５の蓋等で密閉された空間５０に空気Ａ２の圧力は減
圧されたＰ２、温度はＴ２（Ｔ１＝Ｔ２）で室温、飽和
槽２、試験槽５の圧力Ｐ１、Ｐ２は圧力計６１、６２で
測定される。なお、切換手段により１個の圧力計６２の
みで、飽和槽２の圧力、及び試験槽５の圧力を測定で
き、簡素化ができる。又、飽和槽２の圧力のみを測定す
るようにし、これと試験槽５の圧力と同等の大気圧とを
１個の圧力計６１で切換測定してもよい。The saturated air A1 from the saturation tank 2 is
The pressure-reduced air is decompressed by the pressure regulating valve 3 and passed through a pipe 31 having a heating means 4 for preventing a temperature decrease due to adiabatic expansion. A passage 51 in the heat conductor 1 formed in a spiral shape in the
Is passed from above to below and supplied to the test tank 5. The pressure of the air A2 is reduced to P2 in the space 50 sealed by the lid of the test tank 5, the temperature is T2 (T1 = T2) at room temperature, the saturation tank 2 and the pressures P1 and P2 of the test tank 5 are the pressure gauge 61. , 62. In addition, the pressure of the saturation tank 2 and the pressure of the test tank 5 can be measured with only one pressure gauge 62 by the switching means, which simplifies. Alternatively, only the pressure in the saturation tank 2 may be measured, and this and the atmospheric pressure equivalent to the pressure in the test tank 5 may be switched and measured by one pressure gauge 61.

【００１２】そして、加湿槽９の温度Ｔ０は温度計７１
で検出され、又、飽和槽２又は試験槽５の温度Ｔ２（＝
Ｔ１）は高熱伝導体１内に設けられた温度センサ７２で
検出され、両温度Ｔ０，Ｔ２は制御手段７に入力され、
制御手段７は、温度センサ７１で検出した加湿槽１の温
度Ｔ０が、温度センサ７２で検出した室温Ｔ２よりもや
や高くなるよう（Ｔ０＞Ｔ２）に操作端８でヒータ７０
に供給する電源Ｅを制御する。そこで湿度計等を試験槽
５の空間５０に挿入し、湿度計の校正が行われる。又、
飽和槽２、予備飽和槽１０等でやや冷却されて発生する
余分な水Ｗは、垂直的に直列配置された予備飽和槽１
０、加湿槽９へと流下、落下し、途中で停滞する等の不
都合を生じることがなく、ポンプ等による循環等は不要
で、加湿槽９を設けることで加湿された飽和空気を大量
に発生でき、長期運転に好適である。The temperature T0 of the humidifying tank 9 is measured by the thermometer 71.
The temperature T2 of the saturation tank 2 or the test tank 5 (=
T1) is detected by the temperature sensor 72 provided in the high thermal conductor 1, and both temperatures T0 and T2 are input to the control means 7.
The control means 7 uses the heater 70 at the operating end 8 so that the temperature T0 of the humidifying tank 1 detected by the temperature sensor 71 becomes slightly higher than the room temperature T2 detected by the temperature sensor 72 (T0> T2).
The power supply E supplied to Therefore, a hygrometer or the like is inserted into the space 50 of the test tank 5 to calibrate the hygrometer. or,
Extra water W generated by being slightly cooled in the saturation tank 2, the preliminary saturation tank 10, etc., is the preliminary saturation tank 1 vertically arranged in series.
0, it does not cause inconveniences such as flowing down and falling into the humidifying tank 9 and stagnating in the middle, circulation by a pump or the like is unnecessary, and a large amount of humidified saturated air is generated by providing the humidifying tank 9. It is possible and suitable for long-term operation.

【００１３】つまり、一般に相対湿度Ｕは次式で与えら
れる。That is, generally, the relative humidity U is given by the following equation.

【００１４】 Ｕ＝（Ｐ２／Ｐ１）・（ｅ１／ｅ２）×１００ （１） ここでＰ１は飽和槽２の圧力、Ｐ２は試験槽５の圧力、
ｅ１は飽和槽２の温度Ｔ１における飽和水蒸気圧、ｅ２
は試験槽５の温度Ｔ２における飽和水蒸気圧である。U = (P2 / P1) · (e1 / e2) × 100 (1) where P1 is the pressure of the saturation tank 2, P2 is the pressure of the test tank 5,
e1 is the saturated water vapor pressure at the temperature T1 of the saturation tank 2, e2
Is the saturated water vapor pressure at the temperature T2 of the test tank 5.

【００１５】この図１では２圧力法で、温度Ｔ１、温度
Ｔ２は室温で等温なので、ｅ１＝ｅ２で、圧力Ｐ１、Ｐ
２を用い、次式から１００％ＲＨ以下の相対湿度が得ら
れる。In FIG. 1, since the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 are isothermal at room temperature in the two-pressure method, e1 = e2 and the pressures P1 and P2.
2, the relative humidity of 100% RH or less is obtained from the following equation.

【００１６】 Ｕ＝（Ｐ２／Ｐ１）×１００ （２） 図１（ｂ）は、予備飽和槽１０のやや詳細な一実施例を
示す構成説明図で、図１と同一符号は同等の構成要素を
示す。この予備飽和槽１０は、金属円筒の本体の外周に
下方から上方に螺旋状の通路１０ｂが密閉されて形成さ
れ、その外側に放射状に複数のフィン状の放熱体１０ａ
設け、加湿空気Ａｏの温度を室温Ｔ１に近づけ、螺旋状
に形成された通路１０ｂを加湿槽９からの加湿空気Ａ０
を下方から上方に通過させ室温になじませ飽和状態とし
上部に直列的に設けられた飽和槽２に導入する。U = (P2 / P1) × 100 (2) FIG. 1B is a structural explanatory view showing a slightly detailed embodiment of the pre-saturation tank 10, and the same reference numerals as those in FIG. Indicates. This pre-saturation tank 10 is formed by sealing a spiral passage 10b from the lower side to the upper side on the outer periphery of a metal cylinder body, and a plurality of fin-shaped radiators 10a are radially arranged on the outer side thereof.
The humidified air Ao is provided to bring the temperature of the humidified air Ao close to the room temperature T1, and the spirally formed passage 10b is provided to the humidified air A0 from the humidifying tank 9.
Is passed from the lower part to the upper part so as to be saturated with the room temperature and introduced into the saturated tank 2 provided in series at the upper part.

【００１７】なお、予備飽和槽１０は、加湿槽９と飽和
槽２との間にあれば、垂直配置でなく、どのような配置
であっても、同等の効果が得られる。If the pre-saturation tank 10 is between the humidification tank 9 and the saturation tank 2, the same effect can be obtained regardless of the vertical arrangement and any arrangement.

【００１８】[0018]

【発明の効果】以上述べたように、この発明は、２圧力
法による湿度発生装置において、飽和槽と加湿槽との間
に加湿槽で発生した加湿空気をほぼ飽和させるための予
備飽和槽を設けるようにした湿度発生装置である。この
ため、小形、コンパクトで簡易な構成とでき、大型の恒
温水槽が不要で、きわめて正確な湿度を発生させること
ができ、湿度計の校正に好適である。又、飽和槽と加湿
槽との間に加湿槽で発生した加湿空気を室温に近づけ飽
和させるための予備飽和槽を設けるようにしたので、加
湿空気は十分に室温になじむことができ、更に、外方に
放熱体を設けたり、螺旋状に形成された通路を加湿槽か
らの加湿空気を下方から上方に通過させることにより、
いっそう室温の十分な飽和空気とできる。更に、飽和槽
の下方に予備飽和槽、予備飽和槽の下方に加湿槽を例え
ば直列的に設けているので、飽和槽、予備飽和槽で冷却
されて発生する余分な水は、直列配置された加湿槽、予
備飽和槽へと流下、落下し、途中で停滞する等の不都合
を生じることがなく、ポンプによる循環等は不要であ
る。又、加湿槽を設けることで、いっそう加湿された飽
和空気を大量に発生でき、長期運転に好適である。全体
として、恒温水槽のような大型の装置は不要で、湿度計
校正装置として小型、コンパクト化を図ることができ、
また、２圧力法以外の装置にも使用できる。As described above, according to the present invention, in the humidity generator by the two-pressure method, the pre-saturation tank for substantially saturating the humidified air generated in the humidification tank is provided between the saturation tank and the humidification tank. The humidity generator is provided. For this reason, a compact, compact and simple structure can be realized, a large-sized constant temperature water tank is not required, and extremely accurate humidity can be generated, which is suitable for calibration of a hygrometer. Further, since the pre-saturation tank for bringing the humidified air generated in the humidifying tank close to room temperature and saturation is provided between the saturated tank and the humidifying tank, the humidified air can be sufficiently adapted to the room temperature, and further, By providing a radiator on the outside, or by passing the humidified air from the humidifying tank upward from below through a spirally formed passage,
Even more saturated air at room temperature can be obtained. Furthermore, since a pre-saturation tank is provided below the saturation tank, and a humidification tank is provided below the pre-saturation tank, for example, in series, excess water generated by cooling in the saturation tank and the pre-saturation tank is arranged in series. There is no inconvenience such as falling down to the humidifying tank or the pre-saturation tank, dropping, and stagnating on the way, and circulation by a pump is unnecessary. Further, by providing the humidifying tank, it is possible to generate a large amount of saturated humidified air, which is suitable for long-term operation. As a whole, there is no need for a large device such as a constant temperature water tank, and a hygrometer calibration device can be made compact and compact.
It can also be used in devices other than the two-pressure method.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】この発明の一実施例を示す構成説明図である。FIG. 1 is a configuration explanatory view showing one embodiment of the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１ 高熱伝導体 ２ 飽和槽 ３ 圧力調整弁 ４ 加熱手段 ５ 試験槽 ６１、６２ 圧力計 ７ 制御手段 ７０ ヒータ ８ 操作端 ９ 加湿槽 1 High Thermal Conductor 2 Saturation Tank 3 Pressure Control Valve 4 Heating Means 5 Test Tank 61, 62 Pressure Gauge 7 Control Means 70 Heater 8 Operating End 9 Humidification Tank

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】２圧力法による湿度発生装置において、飽
和槽と加湿槽との間に加湿槽で発生した加湿空気をほぼ
飽和させるための予備飽和槽を設けたことを特徴とする
湿度発生装置。1. A humidity generator according to the two-pressure method, wherein a pre-saturation tank for substantially saturating the humidified air generated in the humidification tank is provided between the saturation tank and the humidification tank. . 【請求項２】前記予備飽和槽は、外方に放熱体を設けた
ことを特徴とする請求項１記載の湿度発生装置。2. The humidity generator according to claim 1, wherein the pre-saturation tank is provided with a radiator on the outside. 【請求項３】前記予備飽和槽は、螺旋状に形成された通
路を加湿槽からの加湿空気を下方から上方に通過させる
ことを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２記載の湿度発生
装置。3. The humidity generator according to claim 1, wherein the pre-saturation tank allows humidified air from the humidification tank to pass upward from below through a passage formed in a spiral shape.