JPH09233753A - Permanent magnet motor - Google Patents
Permanent magnet motorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09233753A JPH09233753A JP8041584A JP4158496A JPH09233753A JP H09233753 A JPH09233753 A JP H09233753A JP 8041584 A JP8041584 A JP 8041584A JP 4158496 A JP4158496 A JP 4158496A JP H09233753 A JPH09233753 A JP H09233753A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- motor
- pole
- magnetic
- magnetized
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は磁路を形成するステ
ータと、永久磁石式のロータを持つ周対向構造のインナ
ーロータ型各種永久磁石モータに関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an inner rotor type permanent magnet motor having a circumferentially opposed structure having a stator forming a magnetic path and a permanent magnet type rotor.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、ＯＡ機器や情報機器の小型化が進
み、駆動用に永久磁石モータが広く使われている。永久
磁石モータにおいては、サーボモータやブラシレスモー
タなどのように小型化、低速度化に加え、ポリゴン用の
モータのように高速度化が望まれている。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, miniaturization of OA equipment and information equipment has progressed, and permanent magnet motors have been widely used for driving. In the permanent magnet motor, in addition to downsizing and speed reduction such as a servo motor and a brushless motor, a higher speed like a polygon motor is desired.
【０００３】高速回転用永久磁石モータでは、高速回転
にともなう外力により、永久磁石の破損や飛散防止のた
めに、一体ものの永久磁石をロータの外周に接着するの
が一般的である。 図６に永久磁石式ロータを持つ従来の永久磁石モータの
平面図を示す。図６において、ステータ１は円周方向に
配置された複数のティース４の所定の位置に巻線が巻回
され、ロータはロータコア２と図７に示すパターンで着
磁した永久磁石３とで構成されている。また、永久磁石
３は一体ものでロータ外周に接着してある。図８は図７
に示した従来のロータのフル着磁した永久磁石３による
オープンフラックス時の表面磁束分布すなわち起磁力分
布を示す。図８から起磁力分布は回転方向にピークが一
定でないことがわかる。この起磁力分布は永久磁石３の
着磁状態に大きく依存する。In a high-speed rotating permanent magnet motor, it is common to bond an integral permanent magnet to the outer circumference of the rotor in order to prevent damage and scattering of the permanent magnet due to external force associated with high-speed rotation. FIG. 6 shows a plan view of a conventional permanent magnet motor having a permanent magnet rotor. 6, a stator 1 has windings wound around a plurality of teeth 4 arranged in a circumferential direction at predetermined positions, and a rotor includes a rotor core 2 and a permanent magnet 3 magnetized in a pattern shown in FIG. Has been done. Further, the permanent magnet 3 is integrally formed and adhered to the outer circumference of the rotor. FIG. 8 is FIG.
6 shows a surface magnetic flux distribution, that is, a magnetomotive force distribution at the time of open flux by the fully magnetized permanent magnet 3 of the conventional rotor shown in FIG. It can be seen from FIG. 8 that the magnetomotive force distribution does not have a constant peak in the rotation direction. This magnetomotive force distribution largely depends on the magnetized state of the permanent magnet 3.
【０００４】図８に従来のモータの巻線との鎖交磁束に
より発生する誘起電圧波形を示す。誘起電圧波形を歪み
率の少ない正弦波状にすることでモータの高効率化が図
れるが、図６のモータの場合、起磁力分布の影響を受
け、図８のように正弦波に高調波が重なった歪んだ誘起
電圧波形が得られ、損失が増大する問題が生じる。図９
（ａ）に従来のモータのコギングトルク波形を示す。コ
ギングトルクはティース４の数と永久磁石３の磁極数と
の最小公倍数となって現れる。永久磁石式のロータを持
つモータの場合、永久磁石３の磁気エネルギーとスロッ
ト開口部の存在と相成ってコギングトルクが発生し、永
久磁石の性能に見合ったモータの高性能化が実現できな
い欠点がある。FIG. 8 shows a waveform of an induced voltage generated by a magnetic flux linkage with a winding of a conventional motor. The efficiency of the motor can be improved by making the induced voltage waveform a sine wave with a low distortion rate. However, in the case of the motor of FIG. 6, the sine wave is overlapped by harmonics as shown in FIG. 8 due to the influence of the magnetomotive force distribution. A distorted induced voltage waveform is obtained, which causes a problem of increased loss. FIG.
A cogging torque waveform of the conventional motor is shown in (a). The cogging torque appears as the least common multiple of the number of teeth 4 and the number of magnetic poles of permanent magnet 3. In the case of a motor having a permanent magnet type rotor, cogging torque is generated in combination with the magnetic energy of the permanent magnet 3 and the existence of the slot openings, and there is a drawback that the motor cannot be made to have high performance matching the performance of the permanent magnet. .
【０００５】図９（ｂ）に従来の３相矩形波駆動方式の
無負荷回転時でのモータのトルク波形の特性を示すが、
誘起電圧が歪んでいるためにトルクリップルが発生す
る。また、モータのコギングトルクやトルクリップルが
大きいと速度変動が発生し、回転が不円滑になったり振
動騒音が発生する問題が起こる。FIG. 9 (b) shows the characteristics of the torque waveform of the motor during no load rotation of the conventional three-phase rectangular wave drive system.
Torque ripple occurs because the induced voltage is distorted. Further, if the motor cogging torque or torque ripple is large, speed fluctuations occur, causing problems such as unsmooth rotation and vibration noise.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明はすでに述べた
従来のモータについての課題を解決するためになされた
もので、破損，飛散を防止しつつ永久磁石の高速回転可
能なモータで、かつ永久磁石の起磁力分布を一様にしコ
ギングトルクを低減したり、巻線との鎖交磁束を正弦波
にすることで誘起電圧を正弦波にし、トルクリップルを
低減した高効率で低振動構造のモータを提供することを
目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the problems of the conventional motors described above, and is a motor capable of high-speed rotation of a permanent magnet while preventing damage and scattering, and a permanent magnet. A motor with a highly efficient and low vibration structure that reduces the torque ripple by making the magnetomotive force distribution of the magnet uniform and reducing the cogging torque, and making the induced voltage a sine wave by making the flux linkage with the winding a sine wave. The purpose is to provide.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に本発明は、円周方向に多極着磁された永久磁石を持つ
ロータと、このロータと対向して複数の巻線用スロット
を備えた磁束の閉磁路を形成するステータ機構とを備
え、巻線にモータの回転角に応じて通電させ駆動するモ
ータにおいて、前記ロータの永久磁石の磁極間の内側
に、磁極性を持たない無着磁部を設けた着磁をほどこし
た構成を特徴とする。To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a rotor having permanent magnets magnetized in multiple poles in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of winding slots facing the rotor. In a motor that is provided with a stator mechanism that forms a closed magnetic path for the magnetic flux and that drives a coil by energizing it according to the rotation angle of the motor, there is no magnetic property inside the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets of the rotor. It is characterized in that it is provided with a magnetizing portion and is magnetized.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明の実施の形態】ロータの永久磁石に無着磁部を設
けることで、ロータと永久磁石との接触面積が増加し永
久磁石の構造上の強度を増し、高速回転時に永久磁石の
破損，飛散を防止することができる。また無着磁部をつ
くることで無着磁部形状に併せて、永久磁石形状を加工
することができ、またＮ極とＳ極との磁極の変化にとも
なう磁束の変化がなめらかになり、オープン時の磁束表
面磁束分布、すなわち起磁力分布を一様にでき鎖交磁束
を正弦波形にすることが可能になる。よって、ロータの
回転角に応じて空隙内の磁束分布がなめらかに変化し
て、空隙パーミンスの変化を低減することができ、コギ
ングトルクを低減できる。空隙内の磁束波形が正弦波で
あるために巻線に歪み率の低い正弦波状の誘起電圧波形
を得ることができ、モータ回転時のトルクリップルも低
減できる。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION By providing a non-magnetized portion on a permanent magnet of a rotor, the contact area between the rotor and the permanent magnet is increased, the structural strength of the permanent magnet is increased, and the permanent magnet is damaged during high speed rotation. It is possible to prevent scattering. In addition, by creating a non-magnetized portion, it is possible to process a permanent magnet shape in accordance with the shape of the non-magnetized portion, and the change of the magnetic flux due to the change of the magnetic poles of the N pole and the S pole becomes smooth, and the open The magnetic flux surface magnetic flux distribution at that time, that is, the magnetomotive force distribution can be made uniform, and the interlinking magnetic flux can be made into a sine waveform. Therefore, the magnetic flux distribution in the air gap changes smoothly in accordance with the rotation angle of the rotor, the change in air gap perminance can be reduced, and the cogging torque can be reduced. Since the magnetic flux waveform in the air gap is a sine wave, a sinusoidal induced voltage waveform with a low distortion rate can be obtained in the winding, and the torque ripple during motor rotation can also be reduced.
【０００９】以上により、コギングトルクやトルクリッ
プルが低減により、回転むらが少なく振動の少ない高効
率で、かつ機械的強度を保ち高速回転可能なモータが得
られる。以上本発明の一実施例について、図面を参照し
ながら説明する。なお、従来と同一または同一箇所と見
なせる部分には同一符号を付した。As described above, by reducing the cogging torque and the torque ripple, it is possible to obtain a motor capable of rotating at high speed with high efficiency with less rotational irregularity, less vibration, and mechanical strength. An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same reference numerals are given to the portions that can be regarded as the same as or the same as those in the conventional case.
【００１０】図１，図２は、本発明の一実施例における
永久磁石モータと永久磁石式ロータの平面図である。図
２に示すように、円筒型の永久磁石３はロータの外周部
に接着されており、永久磁石３は一体構造になってい
る。よって、ロータが高速度で回転している場合、機械
的に破損しにくくなっている。永久磁石３は着磁部１１
ａと無着磁部１１ｂとに分かれており、Ｎ極，Ｓ極とも
に着磁部１１ａと無着磁部１１ｂから構成されている。
言い換えれば、永久磁石３はすべて磁極境目付近に無着
磁部１１ｂを持つように着磁されている。本実施例では
磁石の厚さをｄ、１磁極幅をθとすると階段状に高さ
０．５ｄ、幅±０．２θの範囲に無着磁部１１ｂを設け
ている。1 and 2 are plan views of a permanent magnet motor and a permanent magnet type rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the cylindrical permanent magnet 3 is bonded to the outer peripheral portion of the rotor, and the permanent magnet 3 has an integral structure. Therefore, when the rotor is rotating at a high speed, it is less likely to be mechanically damaged. The permanent magnet 3 has a magnetizing portion 11
a and a non-magnetized portion 11b, and each of the N and S poles is composed of a magnetized portion 11a and a non-magnetized portion 11b.
In other words, the permanent magnets 3 are all magnetized so as to have the non-magnetized portion 11b near the magnetic pole boundary. In this embodiment, assuming that the thickness of the magnet is d and the magnetic pole width is θ, the non-magnetized portion 11b is provided stepwise in a range of height 0.5d and width ± 0.2θ.
【００１１】これにより、Ｎ極からＳ極への磁極が切り
替わる際の磁石表面の磁束分布の変化をなめらかにで
き、図３に示すようにオープン時の起磁力分布のピーク
を円周方向の長い幅で一様に近づけることができる。さ
らに、本実施例の着磁状態により、モータの回転にとも
なう鎖交磁束による誘起電圧波形を図３に示すごとく正
弦波に近づけることができる。This makes it possible to smooth the change in the magnetic flux distribution on the magnet surface when the magnetic pole is switched from the N pole to the S pole, and the peak of the magnetomotive force distribution at the time of opening is long in the circumferential direction as shown in FIG. The width can be approached uniformly. Further, the magnetized state of this embodiment makes it possible to bring the induced voltage waveform due to the interlinkage magnetic flux accompanying the rotation of the motor close to a sine wave as shown in FIG.
【００１２】モータ内のコギングトルクは、図４（ａ）
に示すごとく小さくすることとができる。また、ステー
タの巻線に３相矩形波電流を通電し駆動させた場合のモ
ータの発生トルクは図４（ｂ）に示すごとくなり、トル
クリップルを低減させることができる。以上より、高速
回転時に飛散しないように一体構造の永久磁石３を持っ
たロータに、無着磁部１１ｂを設けることで起磁力分布
を一様にし、誘起電圧を正弦波にすることで、トルクリ
ップルおよびコギングトルクの小さい周対向型永久磁石
モータを提供することができる。The cogging torque in the motor is shown in FIG.
It can be made smaller as shown in. Further, the torque generated by the motor when the three-phase rectangular wave current is supplied to the winding of the stator to drive the motor is as shown in FIG. 4B, and the torque ripple can be reduced. From the above, by providing the non-magnetized portion 11b on the rotor having the permanent magnet 3 having an integral structure so as not to scatter during high-speed rotation, the magnetomotive force distribution is made uniform and the induced voltage is made to be a sine wave, so that the torque It is possible to provide a circumferentially opposed permanent magnet motor with low ripple and cogging torque.
【００１３】また、永久磁石３が分割した磁石片から構
成されている場合は、無着磁部１１ｂは非磁性体で構成
される。これにより、無着磁部１１ｂが永久磁石３を保
持することになり、ロータ回転時に発生する遠心力によ
る永久磁石３の接着がはがれ飛散することを防止するこ
とができる。本発明は、永久磁石モータであれば適用が
可能である。なお、図５に示すごく永久磁石３の形状が
突極型においても本発明は適用できることは明らかであ
る。When the permanent magnet 3 is composed of divided magnet pieces, the non-magnetized portion 11b is composed of a non-magnetic material. As a result, the non-magnetized portion 11b holds the permanent magnet 3, and it is possible to prevent the permanent magnet 3 from being peeled off and scattered due to the centrifugal force generated when the rotor rotates. The present invention can be applied to any permanent magnet motor. It is obvious that the present invention can be applied even when the permanent magnet 3 has a salient pole shape as shown in FIG.
【００１４】また、上記実施例では３相矩形波駆動方式
についてのみ説明したが、他の駆動方式のモータについ
ても同様であることは明らかである。なお、永久磁石の
配向状態，材質，形状は本発明が適用である限り制限は
受けない。In the above embodiment, only the three-phase rectangular wave drive system has been described, but it is clear that the same applies to motors of other drive systems. The orientation, material and shape of the permanent magnet are not limited as long as the present invention is applied.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明は、永久磁石の磁極
間の内側に無着磁部を設けることにより、永久磁石の破
損，飛散を防ぐことで高速度回転可能なモータで、かつ
コギングトルクを低減し、トルクリップルや回転むらが
小さい低振動な高効率モータを提供できる。As described above, according to the present invention, the non-magnetized portion is provided inside the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets to prevent the permanent magnets from being damaged or scattered so that the motor can be rotated at a high speed and the cogging is performed. It is possible to provide a low-vibration, high-efficiency motor that reduces torque and has less torque ripple and uneven rotation.
【図１】本発明の一実施例におけるモータの鉄心を示す
平面図FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an iron core of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の一実施例における永久磁石の着磁パタ
ーンを示す平面図FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a magnetization pattern of a permanent magnet in one embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の一実施例におけるモータの起磁力分布
と誘起電圧を示す図FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a magnetomotive force distribution and an induced voltage of a motor in one embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の一実施例におけるモータのコギングト
ルクとトルク特性を示す図FIG. 4 is a diagram showing cogging torque and torque characteristics of a motor in one embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】突極型の永久磁石の着磁パターンを示す平面図FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a magnetization pattern of a salient pole type permanent magnet.
【図６】従来のモータの鉄心の例を示す平面図FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an example of an iron core of a conventional motor.
【図７】従来のモータの永久磁石の着磁パターンを示す
平面図FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a magnetization pattern of a permanent magnet of a conventional motor.
【図８】従来のモータの起磁力分布と誘起電圧との関係
を示す図FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a relationship between a magnetomotive force distribution and an induced voltage of a conventional motor.
【図９】従来のモータのコギングトルクとトルク特性を
示す図FIG. 9 is a diagram showing cogging torque and torque characteristics of a conventional motor.
１ ステータコア ２ ロータコア ３ 永久磁石 ４ ティース １１ａ 着磁部 １１ｂ 無着磁部 1 Stator core 2 Rotor core 3 Permanent magnet 4 Teeth 11a Magnetized part 11b Non-magnetized part
Claims (6)
のスロットを備えたステータと、前記ステータと空隙部
を介して対向する面に複数の磁極に着磁された永久磁石
を備えた永久磁石式ロータとで構成される永久磁石モー
タであって、磁極間の境界部でかつ内側の位置に、前記
永久磁石に磁極性を持たない無着磁部を設けたことを特
徴とする永久磁石モータ。1. A stator provided with a plurality of slots for grounding windings arranged in a circumferential direction, and a permanent magnet having a plurality of magnetic poles magnetized on a surface facing the stator via a gap. And a permanent magnet type rotor, characterized in that a non-magnetized portion having no magnetic pole property is provided to the permanent magnet at a position inside and at a boundary between magnetic poles. Permanent magnet motor.
の１磁極角度をθとしたとき、永久磁石内部から０．７
５ｄの高さ、磁極境部から±０．４θの範囲内の永久磁
石領域内に、無着磁部を設けたことを特徴とする請求項
１記載の永久磁石モータ。2. When the radial thickness of the permanent magnet is d and one magnetic pole angle in the circumferential direction is θ, 0.7 from the inside of the permanent magnet.
2. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein a non-magnetized portion is provided in a permanent magnet region having a height of 5d and a range of ± 0.4θ from the magnetic pole boundary portion.
である請求項１または請求項２記載の永久磁石モータ。3. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein the non-magnetized portion of the permanent magnet has a substantially semi-elliptical shape.
請求項１または請求項２記載の永久磁石モータ。4. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein the non-magnetized portion of the permanent magnet has a trapezoidal shape.
ある請求項１または請求項２記載の永久磁石モータ。5. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein the non-magnetized portion of the permanent magnet has a triangular shape.
したことを特徴とする請求項１ないし請求項５のいずれ
か１項に記載の永久磁石モータ。6. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein the non-magnetized portion of the permanent magnet is made of a non-magnetic material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8041584A JPH09233753A (en) | 1996-02-28 | 1996-02-28 | Permanent magnet motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8041584A JPH09233753A (en) | 1996-02-28 | 1996-02-28 | Permanent magnet motor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09233753A true JPH09233753A (en) | 1997-09-05 |
Family
ID=12612493
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8041584A Pending JPH09233753A (en) | 1996-02-28 | 1996-02-28 | Permanent magnet motor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH09233753A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007143335A (en) * | 2005-11-21 | 2007-06-07 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Field magneton and motor |
| CN106516143A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-03-22 | 深圳市万至达电机制造有限公司 | High-performance tripod head |
-
1996
- 1996-02-28 JP JP8041584A patent/JPH09233753A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007143335A (en) * | 2005-11-21 | 2007-06-07 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Field magneton and motor |
| CN106516143A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-03-22 | 深圳市万至达电机制造有限公司 | High-performance tripod head |
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