JPH09205902A - Mulch film - Google Patents
Mulch filmInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09205902A JPH09205902A JP2285596A JP2285596A JPH09205902A JP H09205902 A JPH09205902 A JP H09205902A JP 2285596 A JP2285596 A JP 2285596A JP 2285596 A JP2285596 A JP 2285596A JP H09205902 A JPH09205902 A JP H09205902A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- film
- sides
- crops
- central part
- base material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 42
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 19
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- OSDLLIBGSJNGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=CC(C)=C1Cl OSDLLIBGSJNGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZCVAOQKBXKSDMS-AQYZNVCMSA-N (+)-trans-allethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](C=C(C)C)[C@H]1C(=O)OC1C(C)=C(CC=C)C(=O)C1 ZCVAOQKBXKSDMS-AQYZNVCMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUTATOGBENCRSS-JWLOEITESA-N (1R,2R,7S,10R,13R,18R,19R)-18-(furan-3-yl)-9,9,13,19-tetramethyl-4,8,17-trioxapentacyclo[11.8.0.02,7.02,10.014,19]henicos-14-ene-5,12,16-trione Chemical compound C=1([C@H]2[C@]3(C)CC[C@H]4[C@@](C3=CC(=O)O2)(C)C(=O)C[C@@H]2[C@]34COC(=O)C[C@@H]3OC2(C)C)C=COC=1 QUTATOGBENCRSS-JWLOEITESA-N 0.000 description 1
- FMTFEIJHMMQUJI-NJAFHUGGSA-N 102130-98-3 Natural products CC=CCC1=C(C)[C@H](CC1=O)OC(=O)[C@@H]1[C@@H](C=C(C)C)C1(C)C FMTFEIJHMMQUJI-NJAFHUGGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- VHLJDTBGULNCGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Limonin Natural products CC1(C)OC2CC(=O)OCC23C4CCC5(C)C(CC(=O)C6OC56C4(C)C(=O)CC13)c7cocc7 VHLJDTBGULNCGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIKZPLSIAVHITA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nomilinic acid Natural products CC(=O)OC(CC(O)=O)C1(C)C(C(C)(C)O)CC(=O)C(C23OC2C(=O)O2)(C)C1CCC3(C)C2C=1C=COC=1 ZIKZPLSIAVHITA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQXSOUPNOZTNAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrethrin I Natural products CC(=CC1CC1C(=O)OC2CC(=O)C(=C2C)CC=C/C=C)C VQXSOUPNOZTNAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940024113 allethrin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006231 channel black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005680 ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006232 furnace black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 hoxime Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000000077 insect repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KBDSLGBFQAGHBE-MSGMIQHVSA-N limonin Chemical compound C=1([C@H]2[C@]3(C)CC[C@H]4[C@@]([C@@]53O[C@@H]5C(=O)O2)(C)C(=O)C[C@@H]2[C@]34COC(=O)C[C@@H]3OC2(C)C)C=COC=1 KBDSLGBFQAGHBE-MSGMIQHVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- KPDOJFFZKAUIOE-WNGDLQANSA-N nomilin Chemical compound C=1([C@H]2[C@]3(C)CC[C@H]4[C@@]([C@@]53O[C@@H]5C(=O)O2)(C)C(=O)C[C@H]2C(C)(C)OC(=O)C[C@@H]([C@]42C)OC(=O)C)C=COC=1 KPDOJFFZKAUIOE-WNGDLQANSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KPDOJFFZKAUIOE-HPFWCIFASA-N nomilin Natural products O=C(O[C@H]1[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](C(C)(C)OC(=O)C1)CC(=O)[C@]1(C)[C@@H]2CC[C@@]2(C)[C@H](c3cocc3)OC(=O)[C@@H]3O[C@@]123)C KPDOJFFZKAUIOE-HPFWCIFASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003986 organophosphate insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920013716 polyethylene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- HYJYGLGUBUDSLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrethrin Natural products CCC(=O)OC1CC(=C)C2CC3OC3(C)C2C2OC(=O)C(=C)C12 HYJYGLGUBUDSLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VJFUPGQZSXIULQ-XIGJTORUSA-N pyrethrin II Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](/C=C(\C)C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@@H]1C(C)=C(C\C=C/C=C)C(=O)C1 VJFUPGQZSXIULQ-XIGJTORUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002728 pyrethroid Substances 0.000 description 1
- CXJSOEPQXUCJSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridaphenthion Chemical compound N1=C(OP(=S)(OCC)OCC)C=CC(=O)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 CXJSOEPQXUCJSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、農作物の栽培効率を向
上させるために畝等に敷くマルチフィルムに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mulch film laid on ridges or the like for improving the cultivation efficiency of agricultural products.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来から農作物の栽培効率を向上させる
ために、様々な機能を有するマルチフィルムが提案され
ている。例えば、畝の地温が外気によって低下すること
を防止する透明のマルチフィルム、逆に太陽光線をカッ
トして地温の上昇を抑制するシルバーや乳白色のマルチ
フィルム、太陽光線を吸収して雑草の繁茂を防止する黒
色マルチフィルムなどである。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, mulch films having various functions have been proposed in order to improve the cultivation efficiency of agricultural products. For example, a transparent mulch film that prevents the ground temperature of the ridges from decreasing due to the outside air, conversely a silver or milky white mulch film that cuts the sun's rays and suppresses the rise in the ground temperature, absorbs the sun's rays and grows weeds. Black mulch film to prevent.
【０００３】また、我々は先に特願平06-194096号とし
て、雑草防止機能と作物の生育促進効果に優れ、加えて
耐候性に優れたマルチフィルムを提案した。該フィルム
は、太陽光線の中の可視光線及び紫外線を吸収して遠赤
外線を放射する特性を持つ（FeOX・Fe2O3、0<X≦1)なる
化学式で表される粒状マグネタイト粒子を含有してお
り、このとき放射される遠赤外線の効果で作物の生育が
促進される。また、該フィルムは、粒状マグネタイト粒
子の強い酸化作用によって引き起こされる熱可塑性樹脂
の劣化を抑えるカーボンブラックも含有しており、耐候
性に優れ、又光線透過率も低く、雑草防止効果も兼備し
ている。In addition, we previously proposed, as Japanese Patent Application No. 06-194096, a mulch film having an excellent weed-preventing function and an effect of promoting the growth of crops, as well as having excellent weather resistance. The film contains granular magnetite particles represented by the chemical formula: (FeOX · Fe2O3, 0 <X ≦ 1), which has the property of absorbing visible rays and ultraviolet rays in sunlight and emitting far infrared rays. , The growth of far infrared rays at this time promotes the growth of crops. The film also contains carbon black that suppresses deterioration of the thermoplastic resin caused by the strong oxidizing action of the granular magnetite particles, has excellent weather resistance, low light transmittance, and also has an effect of preventing weeds. There is.
【０００４】しかしながら、該フィルムは粒状マグネタ
イト粒子、及びカーボンブラックの影響で黒に近い色を
しており、光線透過率はフィルム全域に渡って非常に低
く、透明のマルチフィルムのように地温を十分に上昇さ
せることができなかった。そのため、該マルチフィルム
は作物によっては外気温の高い短時期にしか利用するこ
とができず、また作物によっては全く利用できなかっ
た。さらに、シルバーのマルチフィルムのように害虫の
飛来を忌避することができず、しばしば、防虫剤の散布
を行う必要があった。However, the film has a color close to black due to the influence of granular magnetite particles and carbon black, and the light transmittance is very low over the entire film, and the ground temperature is sufficiently high like a transparent multi-film. Could not be raised to. Therefore, the mulch film can be used only for a short period when the outside temperature is high depending on the crop, and cannot be used at all for the crop. Further, unlike the silver mulch film, it is not possible to avoid the arrival of harmful insects, and it is often necessary to spray an insect repellent.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明が解決しようと
する課題は、作物の生育促進機能、雑草防止機能、及び
耐候性に優れ、さらに作柄や作付け時期、あるいは地域
に応じた地温のコントロールをより細かく行うことので
きるマルチフィルムを提供することである。また、害虫
忌避効果のあるマルチフィルムを提供することも同時に
課題とする。The problem to be solved by the present invention is to improve the growth promoting function of crops, the function of preventing weeds, and the weather resistance, and to control the soil temperature according to the pattern, the time of planting, or the region. It is to provide a mulch film that can be finely processed. Another object is to provide a mulch film having a pest repellent effect.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
の手段として、基材層ａが、フィルムの長手方向に平行
に三分割されており、中央が全光線透過率が１０〜４０
％となり、両側が全光線透過率が５％以下となるよう
に、それぞれ粒状マグネタイト粒子とカーボンブラック
が添加されていることを特徴とするマルチフィルム１が
提供され、さらに、基材層ａが、フィルムの長手方向に
平行に三分割されており、中央が全光線透過率が５％以
下となり、両側が全光線透過率が１０〜４０％となるよ
うに、それぞれ粒状マグネタイト粒子とカーボンブラッ
クが添加されていることを特徴とするマルチフィルム１
が提供され、さらにまた、少なくとも一方の最外層が、
害虫忌避剤を含有する樹脂層ｂであることを特徴とする
請求項１乃至２のいずれかに記載のマルチフィルム１が
提供される。As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the base material layer a is divided into three parts in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the film, and the central part has a total light transmittance of 10 to 40.
%, And granular magnetite particles and carbon black are added to each side so that the total light transmittance is 5% or less on both sides. Granular magnetite particles and carbon black are added so that the total light transmittance is 5% or less in the center and 10 to 40% of the total light transmittance on both sides. Multi film 1 characterized by being
And also at least one outermost layer is
The mulch film 1 according to any one of claims 1 and 2, which is a resin layer b containing a pest repellent.
【０００７】播種直後の作物は、根の張り出しが小さい
ため、作物の根元の部分の地温が大きく影響し、逆に収
穫期の作物は根が大きく張り出しているため、根元より
も少し離れた位置の地温が大きく影響する。よって、マ
ルチフィルムを長さ方向に平行に三分割して、播種直後
の作物に必要な機能を根元部分を覆っている部位、即ち
三分割された中央部分に付与し、逆に収穫前後の作物に
必要な機能を両側に付与することで、地温のコントロー
ルをより細かく行い、作物の播種直後から収穫期に渡っ
て効率よく、しかも長期間使用できるマルチフィルムを
提供する。Since the roots of the crops immediately after sowing are small, the soil temperature at the root of the crops has a large effect, and on the contrary, the crops at the harvesting time have large roots, so that the crops are located a little away from the roots. Soil temperature has a great influence. Therefore, the mulch film is divided into three parallel to the lengthwise direction, and the function required for the crop immediately after sowing is given to the part covering the root part, that is, the central part divided into three, and conversely the crop before and after harvesting. By providing the necessary functions for both sides, the soil temperature can be controlled more finely, and a mulch film that can be used for a long time efficiently from immediately after sowing of the crop to the harvesting period is provided.
【０００８】以下、図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。図
１、及び図２は、本発明によるマルチフィルム１の一実
施例を表す断面図（Ａ）（Ｂ）、及び平面図（Ｃ）であ
る。本発明のマルチフィルム１に用いられる熱可塑性樹
脂としては、通常の押出成型法やカレンダー成型法に適
する熱可塑性樹脂であれば特に限定なく使用でき、例え
ば低密度ポリエチレン、直鎖状低密度ポリエチレン、高
密度ポリエチレン、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体、エ
チレン−メタクリル酸メチル共重合体等のポリエチレン
系樹脂を使用することが好ましく、特に直鎖状低密度ポ
リエチレンが好ましい。また、従来の透明マルチフィル
ムや黒色用マルチフィルムなどに使用されていた再生原
料も、もちろん使用可能である。A detailed description will be given below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are cross-sectional views (A) and (B) and a plan view (C) showing an embodiment of the mulch film 1 according to the present invention. The thermoplastic resin used in the mulch film 1 of the present invention can be used without particular limitation as long as it is a thermoplastic resin suitable for ordinary extrusion molding methods and calender molding methods. For example, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, It is preferable to use a polyethylene resin such as high-density polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer and the like, and linear low-density polyethylene is particularly preferable. Further, it is of course possible to use the recycled material used for the conventional transparent mulch film or black mulch film.
【０００９】本発明のマルチフィルム１は粒状マグネタ
イト粒子とカーボンブラックを含有する基材層ａを有し
ている。該基材層ａはフィルムの長手方向に平行に三分
割され、全光線透過率が１０〜４０％の部分と、全光線
透過率が５％以下の部分となるように、粒状マグネタイ
ト粒子とカーボンブラックが添加されている。全光線透
過率が１０〜４０％の部分（以下、淡色部と称す。）２
は、全光線透過率が５％以下の部分（以下、濃色部と称
す。）３よりも、太陽光線が多く入射され、雑草防止機
能が若干劣るが地温をより上昇させることができる。The mulch film 1 of the present invention has a base material layer a containing granular magnetite particles and carbon black. The base material layer a is divided into three parts parallel to the longitudinal direction of the film, and the granular magnetite particles and the carbon are used so that the total light transmittance is 10 to 40% and the total light transmittance is 5% or less. Black is added. A portion having a total light transmittance of 10 to 40% (hereinafter referred to as a light-colored portion) 2
Is more irradiating with the sun rays than the portion 3 having a total light transmittance of 5% or less (hereinafter, referred to as a dark color portion) 3, and the weed preventing function is slightly inferior, but the soil temperature can be further increased.
【００１０】よって、例えば春先に播種して夏頃に収穫
する作物は、播種直後に地温を上昇させ収穫期にはこれ
を抑制する目的で、中央が淡色部２からなり両側が濃色
部３からなるマルチフィルム１を用いるとよい。このよ
うなフィルムとしては、基材層ａが、中央部分が淡色部
２からなり両側が濃色部３からなるマルチフィルム１
（図１−（Ａ））、基材層ａが、中央部分が透明部４で
両側が濃色部３からなる層と、淡色部２からなる層の２
層からなるマルチフィルム（図１−（Ｂ））を例示する
ことができる。これらのフィルムは、上方から見るとい
ずれも図１−（Ｃ）に示すように、中央部分が淡色部２
で両側が濃色部３のマルチフィルム１に見える。Therefore, for example, in the case of crops sown in early spring and harvested in the summer, for the purpose of raising the soil temperature immediately after sowing and suppressing this during the harvesting season, the center is composed of the light-colored part 2 and the both sides are dark-colored part 3 It is advisable to use the multi-film 1 consisting of. As such a film, the base material layer a is a multi-film 1 in which the central part is composed of the light color part 2 and the both sides are composed of the dark color part 3.
(FIG. 1- (A)), the base material layer a is composed of a transparent part 4 in the central part, a dark color part 3 on both sides, and a light color part 2.
A multi-film composed of layers (FIG. 1- (B)) can be exemplified. When viewed from above, each of these films has a light-colored portion 2 at the center as shown in FIG. 1- (C).
Thus, it looks like a multi-colored film 1 with a dark color part 3 on both sides.
【００１１】また、該フィルムとは逆に夏頃に播種して
秋に収穫する作物は、播種直後に地温の上昇を抑制し、
収穫時に地温を上昇させることが好ましい。このような
生育環境を作り出すには、図２に示すように中央の全光
線透過率が低く、両側が高いマルチフィルム１を用いる
ことが好ましい。このようなフィルムとしては、基材層
ａが、中央部分が濃色部３からなり両側が淡色部２から
なるマルチフィルム１（図２−（Ａ））、基材層ａが中
央部分が濃色部３で両側が透明部４からなる層と淡色部
２からなる層の２層からなるマルチフィルム（図２−
（Ｂ））を例示することができる。これらのフィルム
は、上方から見るといずれも図２−（Ｃ）に示すよう
に、中央部分が濃色部３で両側が淡色部２のマルチフィ
ルム１に見える。Contrary to the film, crops sown in the summer and harvested in the fall suppress the rise in soil temperature immediately after sowing,
It is preferable to raise the soil temperature at the time of harvest. In order to create such a growth environment, it is preferable to use the mulch film 1 having a low central total light transmittance and high sides as shown in FIG. As such a film, the base material layer a is a multi-film 1 (FIG. 2- (A)) in which the central part is composed of a dark color part 3 and both sides are composed of a light color part 2, and the base material layer a is a dark part in the center part. A multi-layer film composed of two layers, a layer composed of a transparent part 4 on both sides of the color part 3 and a layer composed of a light color part 2 (Fig. 2-
(B)) can be illustrated. When viewed from above, each of these films looks like a multi-film 1 having a dark portion 3 at the center and a light portion 2 on both sides, as shown in FIG.
【００１２】次に、基材層ａを形成する樹脂組成につい
て説明する。まず、基材層２の淡色部２、及び濃色部３
はいずれも熱可塑性樹脂に、粒状マグネタイト粒子とカ
ーボンブラックを含有した組成物からなる。粒状マグネ
タイト粒子は光半導体としての特性を有しており、紫外
線、及び可視光線領域の光線を吸収すると励起されて導
体となり、その状態から基底状態に戻るときに電磁波で
ある遠赤外線を放射する。この遠赤外線が作物の生育を
促進させる。尚、該粒状マグネタイト粒子は、球形、八
面体、多面体、不定形等の、ほぼ等方形状を呈するいわ
ゆる粒状マグネタイト粒子でありＢＥＴ比表面積が２〜
３０m2/g、平均粒子径が０．０３〜１．００μmのもの
が好ましい。ＢＥＴ比表面積が３０m2/gより大きいか、
平均粒子径が０．０３μm未満では熱可塑性樹脂との混
練性が悪くなる。一方、ＢＥＴ比表面積が２m2/g未満
か、平均粒子径が１．００μmより大きい場合は、遠赤
外線の放射効率が低下する。Next, the resin composition forming the base material layer a will be described. First, the light color portion 2 and the dark color portion 3 of the base material layer 2
Both are composed of a composition containing a thermoplastic resin, granular magnetite particles and carbon black. The granular magnetite particles have a property as an optical semiconductor, and when they absorb ultraviolet rays and light rays in the visible light region, they are excited and become conductors, and when they return to the ground state, they emit far infrared rays, which are electromagnetic waves. The far infrared rays promote the growth of crops. The granular magnetite particles are so-called granular magnetite particles having a substantially isotropic shape such as a spherical shape, an octahedron, a polyhedron, and an amorphous shape, and have a BET specific surface area of 2 to 2.
It is preferably 30 m2 / g and has an average particle diameter of 0.03 to 1.00 μm. Whether the BET specific surface area is larger than 30 m2 / g,
If the average particle size is less than 0.03 μm, the kneadability with the thermoplastic resin becomes poor. On the other hand, when the BET specific surface area is less than 2 m2 / g or the average particle size is more than 1.00 μm, far infrared radiation efficiency is lowered.
【００１３】さらに、該粒状マグネタイト粒子は淡色部
２、及び濃色部３を形成する熱可塑性樹脂中に０．３〜
１０％程度含有させることが好ましく、特に０．５〜
５．０wt％程度が好ましい。０．３wt％未満では遠赤外
線放射量が少なく作物の生育促進効果が不十分であり、
１０wt％を越えると樹脂の劣化が進みフィルムの強度が
弱くなってマルチフィルムとしての使用に耐えられなく
なってしまう。Further, the granular magnetite particles are contained in the thermoplastic resin forming the light colored portion 2 and the dark colored portion 3 in an amount of 0.3 to 0.3%.
It is preferable to contain about 10%, especially 0.5 to
About 5.0 wt% is preferable. If it is less than 0.3 wt%, the far infrared radiation amount is small and the effect of promoting the growth of crops is insufficient.
If it exceeds 10% by weight, the resin deteriorates and the strength of the film becomes weak, so that it cannot be used as a mulch film.
【００１４】一方、粒状マグネタイト粒子と共に添加す
るカーボンブラックとは、従来公知の農業用マルチフィ
ルムに用いられているカーボンブラック、例えばファー
ネスブラックやチャンネルブラック、アセチレンブラッ
クであり、その平均粒径は０．０１〜５．００μmのも
のが好ましい。また、カーボンブラックは淡色部２を形
成する樹脂中には０．４〜２．０wt％添加することが好
ましく、０．４wt％未満の場合は、粒状マグネタイト粒
子によって促進される熱可塑性樹脂の劣化、即ちフィル
ムの耐候性の悪化を抑える効果が乏しくなるのに対し、
カーボンブラックの含有量が２．０を越えると光線透過
率が１０％を下回る。また、濃色部３を形成する樹脂中
には１．０〜４．０wt％程度含有させることが好まし
く、１．０wt％未満の場合は光線透過率が５％を越えて
しまい、カーボンブラックの含有量が４．０wt％を越え
るとフィルム中への紫外光、可視光の入射量が極めて少
なくなるため、粒状マグネタイト粒子の遠赤外線の放射
量が少なくなり、作物の生育促進効果が乏しくなる。On the other hand, the carbon black to be added together with the granular magnetite particles is carbon black used in conventionally known agricultural mulch films, for example, furnace black, channel black and acetylene black, and the average particle size thereof is 0. It is preferably from 01 to 5.00 μm. In addition, it is preferable to add 0.4 to 2.0 wt% of carbon black to the resin forming the light-colored portion 2. If it is less than 0.4 wt%, deterioration of the thermoplastic resin promoted by the granular magnetite particles is promoted. That is, while the effect of suppressing deterioration of the weather resistance of the film becomes poor,
When the content of carbon black exceeds 2.0, the light transmittance falls below 10%. Further, it is preferable that the resin forming the dark color portion 3 be contained in an amount of about 1.0 to 4.0% by weight. If the amount is less than 1.0% by weight, the light transmittance exceeds 5%, and carbon black of When the content exceeds 4.0 wt%, the incident amount of ultraviolet light and visible light into the film becomes extremely small, so the far infrared ray emission amount of the granular magnetite particles becomes small, and the effect of promoting the growth of crops becomes poor.
【００１５】また本発明のマルチフィルム１は、少なく
とも一方の最外層に害虫忌避剤を含有する層（以下、忌
避層と称す。）ｂが形成されていることが好ましく、特
に両外層に忌避層ｂが形成されている場合（図１−
（Ａ）、図２−（Ａ））はフィルムの表裏を区別する必
要がなく、フィルムを畝に張る作業か簡単になる。該忌
避層ｂは前述した熱可塑性樹脂に、ピレトリン、アレス
リン等のピレスロイド系や、ホキシム、ピリダフェンチ
オン、テトラクロルビンホス等の有機リン系の殺虫剤、
また天然樹皮等から抽出されたオバクノン、ノミリン、
リモニン、デオキシリモニン、更には３，６−ジクロロ
ピリタジンとパラクロロメタキシレノールの混合剤等の
害虫忌避剤を混入した組成物からなる。但し、該忌避層
ｂは基材層ａに入射する光線を遮らないように、なるべ
く透明に近づけることが好ましい。Further, in the mulch film 1 of the present invention, it is preferable that at least one outermost layer is formed with a layer containing a pest repellent (hereinafter referred to as a repellent layer) b. b is formed (Fig. 1-
In (A) and FIG. 2- (A), it is not necessary to distinguish between the front and back of the film, and the work of stretching the film on the ridges is simple. The repellent layer b is formed by adding the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin to a pyrethroid-based insecticide such as pyrethrin or allethrin, or an organophosphorus insecticide such as hoxime, pyridafenthion or tetrachlorbinphos.
In addition, Obakunon, Nomilin, extracted from natural bark, etc.
The composition comprises limonin, deoxylimonin, and a pest repellent such as a mixture of 3,6-dichloropyritazine and parachlorometaxylenol. However, it is preferable that the repellent layer b be as transparent as possible so as not to block the light rays incident on the base material layer a.
【００１６】次に、マルチフィルム１の製造方法につい
て説明する。本発明のマルチフィルム１の製造方法は特
に限定されず、例えば二つの押出機を用いて淡色部２用
樹脂と、濃色部３用の樹脂を一つのダイスに供給して、
インフレーション押出法もしくはＴダイ押出法にて、単
層でフィルムの長手方向に平行に三分割されたマルチフ
ィルム１を成形するとよい。また、例えば忌避層ｂ用樹
脂、淡色部２用樹脂、濃色部３用樹脂を一つのダイスに
供給し、淡色部２、及び濃色部３が一つの層となって基
材層ａを形成し、該基材層ａを忌避層ｂが上下から挟む
ように押出成形してもよい。このように基材層ａを忌避
層ｂで挟んだ場合、基材層ａの淡色部２と濃色部３の繋
ぎ目の部分の強度がアップする。Next, a method of manufacturing the mulch film 1 will be described. The method for producing the mulch film 1 of the present invention is not particularly limited, and for example, by using two extruders, the resin for the light color portion 2 and the resin for the dark color portion 3 are supplied to one die,
It is advisable to mold the multi-film 1 which is a single layer divided into three parts in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the film by an inflation extrusion method or a T-die extrusion method. Further, for example, the resin for the repellent layer b, the resin for the light color portion 2, and the resin for the dark color portion 3 are supplied to one die, and the light color portion 2 and the dark color portion 3 become one layer to form the base material layer a. The base layer a may be formed and extrusion-molded so that the repellent layer b is sandwiched from above and below. When the base material layer a is sandwiched between the repellent layers b in this manner, the strength of the joint portion between the light color portion 2 and the dark color portion 3 of the base material layer a is increased.
【００１７】さらに、本発明においては粒状マグネタイ
ト粒子、カーボンブラック、害虫忌避剤の他に、従来公
知の界面活性剤、カップリング材、滑材、ブロッキング
防止剤、耐候剤、紫外線吸収剤、安定剤等を添加するこ
とももちろん可能である。Further, in the present invention, in addition to the granular magnetite particles, carbon black, and pest repellent, conventionally known surfactants, coupling materials, lubricants, antiblocking agents, weathering agents, ultraviolet absorbers, stabilizers. It is of course possible to add the like.
【００１８】[0018]
【実施例】以下、本発明を実施例を基にさらに詳細に説
明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
なお、本発明において行った物性の測定方法及び評価方
法は以下の通りである。The present invention will be described in more detail based on the following examples, but the invention is not intended to be limited thereto.
The methods of measuring and evaluating the physical properties used in the present invention are as follows.
【００１９】（１）作物の生育度（単位：ｃｍ） 熊本県鹿本地区の圃場で、たばこの栽培テストを行い評
価した。作期は２月２５日定植、４月６日にたばこの苗
丈を測定して生育度の判定基準とした。 （２）雑草防止効果 上記テストにおいて、雑草の繁茂が見られなかったもの
を○、雑草が若干繁茂したものを□、雑草が多少繁茂し
たが雑草防止効果の認められたものを△、雑草防止効果
の認められなかったもの×とした。なお、フィルムによ
っては中央と両側で効果が異なるので、それぞれ別に評
価した。 （３）害虫忌避効果 上記テストにおいて、作物の害虫による被害を目視によ
り観察した。被害がほとんど見られなかったものを○、
見られたものを×とした。(1) Growth rate of crops (unit: cm) A tobacco cultivation test was conducted and evaluated in a field in the Kamoto district of Kumamoto prefecture. The planting period was set on February 25, and the tobacco seedling height was measured on April 6 to determine the growth standard. (2) Weed-preventing effect In the above test, those in which weeds were not overgrown were indicated as ○, those in which weeds were slightly overgrown □, and those in which weeds were overgrown but had weed-preventing effects were evaluated as △, Weed prevention The one for which no effect was observed was rated as x. Since the effect differs between the center and both sides depending on the film, they were evaluated separately. (3) Pest repellent effect In the above test, damage caused by pests on crops was visually observed. ○, which showed almost no damage
What was seen was marked with x.
【００２０】実施例１〜２、比較例１〜３ 表１に示す樹脂を押出機に供給し、インフレーション押
出法にてマルチフィルムを製造した。実施例１、２、及
び比較例２、３はフィルムの中央と両側では異なった原
料樹脂を用いており、いわゆる配色マルチフィルムの構
造をとる。また実施例１、２、比較例２は基材層ａの両
表面に、害虫忌避剤を混入した忌避層ｂを設けた。Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 The resins shown in Table 1 were fed to an extruder to produce a mulch film by the inflation extrusion method. In Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 2 and 3, different raw material resins are used in the center and both sides of the film, and have a so-called color arrangement multi-film structure. In each of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 2, a repellent layer b containing a pest repellent was provided on both surfaces of the base material layer a.
【００２１】尚、実施例、及び比較例で使用した粒状マ
グネタイト粒子はＢＥＴ比表面積が５．４m2/g、平均粒
子径０．２８mmのものである。また、表中ののLDPEとは
低密度ポリエチレンを意味し、マグネタイトとは前述し
た粒状マグネタイト粒子を表す。さらにまた、害虫忌避
剤としては、３，６−ジクロロピリタジンとパラクロロ
メタキシレノ−ルを重量比で１：１の割合で混合したも
のを用いた。The granular magnetite particles used in the examples and comparative examples have a BET specific surface area of 5.4 m2 / g and an average particle diameter of 0.28 mm. Also, LDPE in the table means low density polyethylene, and magnetite means the above-mentioned granular magnetite particles. Furthermore, as the pest repellent, a mixture of 3,6-dichloropyritazine and parachlorometaxylenol in a weight ratio of 1: 1 was used.
【００２２】[0022]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２３】このような組成の樹脂から製造されたフィ
ルムの、作物の生育度、雑草防止効果、害虫忌避効果に
ついて測定した結果を表２に示す。Table 2 shows the results of measurement of the growth rate of crops, the weed-preventing effect, and the pest-repelling effect of the film produced from the resin having such a composition.
【００２４】[0024]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２５】比較例３に用いられたマルチフィルムは、
粒状マグネタイト粒子を添加した樹脂中にカーボンブラ
ックを添加していなかったので、フィルムの劣化が激し
く、測定を最後まで続けることができなかった。また、
比較例２に用いたマルチフィルムも、粒状マグネタイト
粒子を添加した樹脂中にカーボンブラックを添加してい
なかったが、両外層に忌避層を有していたため、かろう
じて最後まで測定できた。しかしながら、フィルムの劣
化を見ることはでき、所々破れていた。The mulch film used in Comparative Example 3 was
Since carbon black was not added to the resin to which the granular magnetite particles were added, the film was severely deteriorated and the measurement could not be continued to the end. Also,
Also in the mulch film used in Comparative Example 2, carbon black was not added to the resin to which the particulate magnetite particles were added, but since it had repellent layers on both outer layers, it could barely be measured to the end. However, the deterioration of the film could be seen and was broken in some places.
【００２６】また、実施例１、２と比較例１を比較する
と分かるように、マルチフィルムに濃淡を設けた方が、
設けないものよりも生育度が良好であった。比較例１の
マルチフィルムを用いて育てた苗は、実施例のフィルム
を用いたものよりも、播種直後の生育が遅かった。Further, as can be seen by comparing Examples 1 and 2 with Comparative Example 1, it is better to provide the multi-film with light and shade.
The degree of growth was better than that of the one without. The seedlings grown using the mulch film of Comparative Example 1 grew slower immediately after sowing than those grown using the film of Example.
【００２７】尚、実施例、及び比較例を参照すると明ら
かなように、粒状マグネタイト粒子は、作物の生育を促
進する効果があること、光線透過率の低いフィルムは雑
草防止機能に優れることが分かる。As is clear from the examples and comparative examples, it is understood that the granular magnetite particles have an effect of promoting the growth of crops, and the film having a low light transmittance has an excellent weed preventing function. .
【００２８】[0028]
【効果】本発明のマルチフィルムは、特定量の粒状マグ
ネタイト粒子とカーボンブラックを含有しているため、
雑草防止効果に優れるほか、作物の生育促進効果を有し
ている。また、フィルムの長手方向に平行に三分割さ
れ、淡色部と濃色部に分かれているため、地温のコント
ロールをより細かく行うことができ、作物の播種から収
穫期に渡って長い間使用することができる。[Effect] Since the mulch film of the present invention contains a specific amount of granular magnetite particles and carbon black,
It has an excellent weed-preventing effect and also has a growth-promoting effect on crops. In addition, since the film is divided into three parts parallel to the longitudinal direction of the film and divided into a light color part and a dark color part, it is possible to control the soil temperature more finely, and to use it for a long time from sowing to harvesting of crops. You can
【００２９】また、外層に害虫忌避剤を混入した忌避層
を有していると、害虫忌避効果もえられ、減農薬栽培が
可能となる。特に、フィルムの両外層に忌避層を設ける
と、マルチフィルムを畝に張るときに、フィルムの表裏
を確かめる必要がない。また、マルチフィルムを多層フ
ィルムとすることで、フィルム自身の強度アップにもつ
ながる。When the outer layer has a repellent layer containing a pest repellent, a pest repellent effect can be obtained, and cultivation with reduced pesticide is possible. In particular, if repellent layers are provided on both outer layers of the film, it is not necessary to check the front and back of the film when the mulch film is stretched on the ridges. Also, by using a multi-layer film as a multi-layer film, the strength of the film itself can be increased.
【図１】本発明によるマルチフィルムの一実施例を表す
断面図（Ａ）（Ｂ）、及び平面図（Ｃ）である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view (A) and (B) and a plan view (C) showing an embodiment of a mulch film according to the present invention.
【図２】本発明によるマルチフィルムの一実施例を表す
断面図（Ａ）（Ｂ）、及び平面図（Ｃ）である。2A and 2B are cross-sectional views (A) and (B) and a plan view (C) showing an embodiment of a multi-film according to the present invention.
ａ 基材層 ｂ 忌避層 １ マルチフィルム ２ 淡色部 ３ 濃色部 ４ 透明部 a base material layer b repellent layer 1 multi-film 2 light color part 3 dark color part 4 transparent part
Claims (3)
に三分割されており、中央が全光線透過率が１０〜４０
％となり、両側が全光線透過率が５％以下となるよう
に、それぞれ粒状マグネタイト粒子とカーボンブラック
が添加されていることを特徴とするマルチフィルム１。1. A substrate layer a is divided into three parts parallel to the longitudinal direction of the film, and the central part has a total light transmittance of 10 to 40.
%, And granular magnetite particles and carbon black are added so that the total light transmittance is 5% or less on both sides.
に三分割されており、中央が全光線透過率が５％以下と
なり、両側が全光線透過率が１０〜４０％となるよう
に、それぞれ粒状マグネタイト粒子とカーボンブラック
が添加されていることを特徴とするマルチフィルム１。2. The base material layer a is divided into three parts in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the film, the total light transmittance is 5% or less at the center, and the total light transmittance is 10 to 40% on both sides. In addition, granular magnetite particles and carbon black are respectively added to the multi-film 1.
を含有する樹脂層ｂであることを特徴とする請求項１乃
至２のいずれかに記載のマルチフィルム１。3. The mulch film 1 according to claim 1, wherein at least one outermost layer is a resin layer b containing a pest repellent.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02285596A JP3610146B2 (en) | 1996-02-08 | 1996-02-08 | Multi film |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02285596A JP3610146B2 (en) | 1996-02-08 | 1996-02-08 | Multi film |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09205902A true JPH09205902A (en) | 1997-08-12 |
| JP3610146B2 JP3610146B2 (en) | 2005-01-12 |
Family
ID=12094340
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02285596A Expired - Fee Related JP3610146B2 (en) | 1996-02-08 | 1996-02-08 | Multi film |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3610146B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007185126A (en) * | 2006-01-12 | 2007-07-26 | Sekisui Film Kk | Covering structure for ridge and method for covering ridge |
| CN112806199A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-05-18 | 南京林业大学 | Breathable water-drop-free mulching film and preparation method thereof |
-
1996
- 1996-02-08 JP JP02285596A patent/JP3610146B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007185126A (en) * | 2006-01-12 | 2007-07-26 | Sekisui Film Kk | Covering structure for ridge and method for covering ridge |
| CN112806199A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-05-18 | 南京林业大学 | Breathable water-drop-free mulching film and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP3610146B2 (en) | 2005-01-12 |
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