JPH09224496A - Mulch film - Google Patents
Mulch filmInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09224496A JPH09224496A JP8031528A JP3152896A JPH09224496A JP H09224496 A JPH09224496 A JP H09224496A JP 8031528 A JP8031528 A JP 8031528A JP 3152896 A JP3152896 A JP 3152896A JP H09224496 A JPH09224496 A JP H09224496A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- film
- iron oxide
- mulch film
- absorbance
- oxide particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 28
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 28
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 44
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 208000012868 Overgrowth Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZCVAOQKBXKSDMS-AQYZNVCMSA-N (+)-trans-allethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](C=C(C)C)[C@H]1C(=O)OC1C(C)=C(CC=C)C(=O)C1 ZCVAOQKBXKSDMS-AQYZNVCMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUTATOGBENCRSS-JWLOEITESA-N (1R,2R,7S,10R,13R,18R,19R)-18-(furan-3-yl)-9,9,13,19-tetramethyl-4,8,17-trioxapentacyclo[11.8.0.02,7.02,10.014,19]henicos-14-ene-5,12,16-trione Chemical compound C=1([C@H]2[C@]3(C)CC[C@H]4[C@@](C3=CC(=O)O2)(C)C(=O)C[C@@H]2[C@]34COC(=O)C[C@@H]3OC2(C)C)C=COC=1 QUTATOGBENCRSS-JWLOEITESA-N 0.000 description 1
- FMTFEIJHMMQUJI-NJAFHUGGSA-N 102130-98-3 Natural products CC=CCC1=C(C)[C@H](CC1=O)OC(=O)[C@@H]1[C@@H](C=C(C)C)C1(C)C FMTFEIJHMMQUJI-NJAFHUGGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSDLLIBGSJNGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=CC(C)=C1Cl OSDLLIBGSJNGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CGLVZFOCZLHKOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8,18-dichloro-5,15-diethyl-5,15-dihydrodiindolo(3,2-b:3',2'-m)triphenodioxazine Chemical compound CCN1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C=C1OC3=C(Cl)C4=NC(C=C5C6=CC=CC=C6N(C5=C5)CC)=C5OC4=C(Cl)C3=NC1=C2 CGLVZFOCZLHKOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- VHLJDTBGULNCGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Limonin Natural products CC1(C)OC2CC(=O)OCC23C4CCC5(C)C(CC(=O)C6OC56C4(C)C(=O)CC13)c7cocc7 VHLJDTBGULNCGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZIKZPLSIAVHITA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nomilinic acid Natural products CC(=O)OC(CC(O)=O)C1(C)C(C(C)(C)O)CC(=O)C(C23OC2C(=O)O2)(C)C1CCC3(C)C2C=1C=COC=1 ZIKZPLSIAVHITA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQXSOUPNOZTNAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrethrin I Natural products CC(=CC1CC1C(=O)OC2CC(=O)C(=C2C)CC=C/C=C)C VQXSOUPNOZTNAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940024113 allethrin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- NNBFNNNWANBMTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M brilliant green Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O.C1=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)=C1C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C1 NNBFNNNWANBMTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N ***e Chemical compound O([C@H]1C[C@@H]2CC[C@@H](N2C)[C@H]1C(=O)OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019646 color tone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001254 electrum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005680 ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010940 green gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 hoxime Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000077 insect repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBDSLGBFQAGHBE-MSGMIQHVSA-N limonin Chemical compound C=1([C@H]2[C@]3(C)CC[C@H]4[C@@]([C@@]53O[C@@H]5C(=O)O2)(C)C(=O)C[C@@H]2[C@]34COC(=O)C[C@@H]3OC2(C)C)C=COC=1 KBDSLGBFQAGHBE-MSGMIQHVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- KPDOJFFZKAUIOE-WNGDLQANSA-N nomilin Chemical compound C=1([C@H]2[C@]3(C)CC[C@H]4[C@@]([C@@]53O[C@@H]5C(=O)O2)(C)C(=O)C[C@H]2C(C)(C)OC(=O)C[C@@H]([C@]42C)OC(=O)C)C=COC=1 KPDOJFFZKAUIOE-WNGDLQANSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KPDOJFFZKAUIOE-HPFWCIFASA-N nomilin Natural products O=C(O[C@H]1[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](C(C)(C)OC(=O)C1)CC(=O)[C@]1(C)[C@@H]2CC[C@@]2(C)[C@H](c3cocc3)OC(=O)[C@@H]3O[C@@]123)C KPDOJFFZKAUIOE-HPFWCIFASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003986 organophosphate insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920013716 polyethylene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HYJYGLGUBUDSLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrethrin Natural products CCC(=O)OC1CC(=C)C2CC3OC3(C)C2C2OC(=O)C(=C)C12 HYJYGLGUBUDSLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VJFUPGQZSXIULQ-XIGJTORUSA-N pyrethrin II Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](/C=C(\C)C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@@H]1C(C)=C(C\C=C/C=C)C(=O)C1 VJFUPGQZSXIULQ-XIGJTORUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002728 pyrethroid Substances 0.000 description 1
- CXJSOEPQXUCJSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridaphenthion Chemical compound N1=C(OP(=S)(OCC)OCC)C=CC(=O)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 CXJSOEPQXUCJSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、農作物の栽培効率を向
上させるために畝等に敷くマルチフィルムに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mulch film laid on ridges or the like for improving the cultivation efficiency of agricultural products.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来から農作物の栽培効率を向上させる
ために、様々な機能を有するマルチフィルムが提案され
ている。例えば、畝の地温が外気によって低下すること
を防止する透明のマルチフィルム、逆に太陽光線をカッ
トして地温の上昇を抑制するシルバーや乳白色のマルチ
フィルム、太陽光線を吸収して雑草の繁茂を防止する黒
色マルチフィルムなどである。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, mulch films having various functions have been proposed in order to improve the cultivation efficiency of agricultural products. For example, a transparent mulch film that prevents the ground temperature of the ridges from decreasing due to the outside air, conversely a silver or milky white mulch film that cuts the sun's rays and suppresses the rise in the ground temperature, absorbs the sun's rays and grows weeds. Black mulch film to prevent.
【０００３】また、本出願人らは先に特願平06-213450
号として、特定の酸化鉄粒子と有機系顔料を添加した熱
可塑性樹脂からなるマルチフィルムを提案した。該フィ
ルムは、酸化鉄粒子と有機系顔料の働きによって、雑草
の繁茂に大きく影響する４００〜７００nmの領域の光線
透過率が低く抑えられ、尚かつ地温上昇に影響する９０
０〜１５００nmの領域の吸光度が低く、光線が良く透過
する。このため、該マルチフィルムは雑草防止機能と地
温上昇機能に優れるのである。Further, the present applicants previously filed Japanese Patent Application No. 06-213450.
As the issue, we proposed a mulch film consisting of a thermoplastic resin containing specific iron oxide particles and an organic pigment. The film has a low light transmittance in the region of 400 to 700 nm, which greatly affects the overgrowth of weeds, due to the action of iron oxide particles and an organic pigment, and still affects the rise in soil temperature.
The light absorbency is low in the range of 0 to 1500 nm, and the light rays are well transmitted. Therefore, the mulch film is excellent in the function of preventing weeds and the function of increasing the soil temperature.
【０００４】尚、雑草防止機能と地温上昇機能は互いに
密接な関係がある。例えば雑草防止機能をより向上させ
るべくフィルムの色を薄くして光線透過率を低くする
と、９００〜１５００nmの領域の光線透過率も低下し、
地温上昇機能が低下する。また、逆に地温上昇機能を向
上させると、それに伴い雑草防止機能が低下する。この
ため、特願平06-213450号で提案した単一構成のマルチ
フィルムでは、雑草防止機能と地温上昇機能を細かく調
節することができず、そのため好適に用いられる作物の
種類や時期が限られていた。The weed preventive function and the soil temperature increasing function are closely related to each other. For example, if the color of the film is thinned to lower the light transmittance in order to further improve the weed prevention function, the light transmittance in the 900-1500 nm region also decreases,
Soil temperature rise function is reduced. On the contrary, when the soil temperature increasing function is improved, the weed prevention function is reduced accordingly. Therefore, in the single-film mulch film proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 06-213450, it is not possible to finely control the weed-preventing function and the soil temperature increasing function, and therefore the types and times of crops that are preferably used are limited. Was there.
【０００５】またシルバーのマルチフィルムのように害
虫を忌避することができず、しばしば、防虫剤の散布を
行う必要があった。Further, unlike the silver mulch film, it is not possible to repel harmful insects, and it is often necessary to spray an insect repellent.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明が解決しようと
する課題は、雑草防止機能、及び地温上昇機能に優れ、
さらに作物の種類や作付け時期、あるいは地域に応じ
て、雑草防止機能と地温上昇機能をより細かく調節する
ことのできるマルチフィルムを提供することである。ま
た、害虫忌避効果のあるマルチフィルムを提供すること
も同時に課題とする。The problems to be solved by the present invention are excellent in weed prevention function and soil temperature raising function,
It is another object of the present invention to provide a mulch film capable of finely controlling the function of preventing weeds and the function of increasing soil temperature according to the type of crop, the time of planting, or the region. Another object is to provide a mulch film having a pest repellent effect.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
の手段として、基材層ａが、フィルムの長手方向に平行
に三分割されており、中央が全光線透過率が１５〜５０
％、両側が全光線透過率が１０％以下となるように、酸
化鉄粒子、及び紫色、青色、または緑色から選ばれるい
ずれかの有機系顔料がそれぞれ添加されており、該酸化
鉄粒子の５００nmにおける吸光度（A500）と８００nmに
おける吸光度（A800）の比A500／A800が４．０以上であ
ることを特徴とするマルチフィルム１が提供され、ま
た、基材層ａが、フィルムの長手方向に平行に三分割さ
れており、中央が全光線透過率が１０％以下、両側が全
光線透過率が１５〜５０％となるように、酸化鉄粒子、
及び紫色、青色、または緑色から選ばれるいずれかの有
機系顔料がそれぞれ添加されており、該酸化鉄粒子の５
００nmにおける吸光度（A500）と８００nmにおける吸光
度（A800）の比A500／A800が４．０以上であることを特
徴とするマルチフィルム１が提供され、さらにまた、少
なくとも一方に、害虫忌避剤を含有する最外層ｂを有す
ることを特徴とする前記マルチフィルム１が提供され
る。As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the base material layer a is divided into three parts in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the film, and the central part has a total light transmittance of 15 to 50.
%, Iron oxide particles and any organic pigment selected from purple, blue, or green are added so that the total light transmittance is 10% or less on both sides. The multi-film 1 is provided in which the ratio A500 / A800 of the absorbance at (A500) at 800 nm and the absorbance at 800 nm (A800) is 4.0 or more, and the base material layer a is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the film. Iron oxide particles so that the total light transmittance is 10% or less in the center and the total light transmittance is 15 to 50% on both sides.
And an organic pigment selected from purple, blue, or green are added, respectively, and
There is provided a mulch film 1 characterized in that the ratio A500 / A800 of the absorbance (A500) at 00 nm and the absorbance (A800) at 800 nm is 4.0 or more, and further, at least one contains a pest repellent. The mulch film 1 is provided having an outermost layer b.
【０００８】播種直後の作物は、根の張り出しが小さい
ため、作物の根本の部分の地温が大きく影響し、逆に収
穫期の作物は根が大きく張り出しているため、根本より
も少し離れた位置の地温が大きく影響する。よって、マ
ルチフィルムを長さ方向に三分割して、播種直後の作物
に必要な機能を根本部分を覆っている部位、即ち三分割
された中央部分に付与し、逆に収穫前後の作物に必要な
機能を両側に付与することで、作物の種類や作付け時
期、あるいは地域に応じて、雑草防止機能と地温上昇機
能をより細かく調節するのである。Since the roots of the crops immediately after sowing are small, the ground temperature of the roots of the crops greatly affects the crops. On the contrary, the roots of the crops at the harvest season are large and the roots of the crops are overhanging. Soil temperature has a great influence. Therefore, the mulch film is divided into three parts in the length direction, and the function required for the crop immediately after sowing is given to the part covering the root part, that is, the center part divided into three, and conversely it is necessary for the crop before and after harvesting. By adding different functions to both sides, weed control function and soil temperature raising function can be adjusted more finely according to the type of crop, the time of planting, or the region.
【０００９】以下、図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。図
１、及び図２は、本発明によるマルチフィルム１の一実
施例を表す断面図（Ａ）（Ｂ）、及び平面図（Ｃ）であ
る。本発明のマルチフィルム１に用いられる熱可塑性樹
脂としては、通常の押出成形法やカレンダー成形法に適
する熱可塑性樹脂であれば特に限定なく使用でき、例え
ば低密度ポリエチレン、直鎖状低密度ポリエチレン、高
密度ポリエチレン、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体、エ
チレン−メタクリル酸メチル共重合体等のポリエチレン
系樹脂を使用することが好ましく、特に直鎖状低密度ポ
リエチレンが好ましい。また、従来の透明マルチフィル
ムや黒色マルチフィルムなどに使用されていた再生原料
も、もちろん使用可能である。A detailed description will be given below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are cross-sectional views (A) and (B) and a plan view (C) showing an embodiment of the mulch film 1 according to the present invention. The thermoplastic resin used in the mulch film 1 of the present invention can be used without particular limitation as long as it is a thermoplastic resin suitable for ordinary extrusion molding methods and calender molding methods. For example, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, It is preferable to use a polyethylene resin such as high-density polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer and the like, and linear low-density polyethylene is particularly preferable. Further, it is of course possible to use the recycled raw material used for the conventional transparent multi-film or black multi-film.
【００１０】本発明のマルチフィルム１は、５００nmに
おける吸光度（以下、A500とする。）と８００nmにおけ
る吸光度（以下、A800とする）の比A500／A800が４．０
以上である酸化鉄粒子と、紫色、青色、または緑色から
選ばれるいずれかの有機系顔料を含有する基材層ａを有
している。該基材層ａはフィルムの長手方向に平行に三
分割され、全光線透過率が１５〜５０％の部分と、全光
線透過率が１０％以下の部分となるように、前述した酸
化鉄粒子と有機系顔料を含有している。全光線透過率が
１５〜５０％の部分（以下、淡色部と称す。）２は、全
光線透過率が１０％以下の部分（以下、濃色部と称
す。）３よりも、太陽光線が多く入射され、雑草防止機
能が若干劣るが地温をより上昇させることができる。In the mulch film 1 of the present invention, the ratio A500 / A800 of the absorbance at 500 nm (hereinafter referred to as A500) and the absorbance at 800 nm (hereinafter referred to as A800) is 4.0.
It has a base material layer a containing the above iron oxide particles and any organic pigment selected from purple, blue, or green. The base layer a is divided into three parallel to the longitudinal direction of the film, and the above-mentioned iron oxide particles are divided into a portion having a total light transmittance of 15 to 50% and a portion having a total light transmittance of 10% or less. And contains an organic pigment. A portion having a total light transmittance of 15 to 50% (hereinafter, referred to as a light-colored portion) 2 has more sunlight rays than a portion having a total light transmittance of 10% or less (hereinafter, referred to as a dark-colored portion) 3. It is possible to increase the soil temperature, though a lot of incidents are made and the weed prevention function is slightly inferior.
【００１１】よって、例えば春先に播種して夏頃に収穫
する作物は、播種直後に地温を上昇させ収穫期にはこれ
を抑制する目的で、中央が淡色部２からなり両側が濃色
部３からなるマルチフィルム１を用いるとよい。このよ
うなフィルムとしては、基材層ａが、中央部分が淡色部
２からなり両側が濃色部３からなるマルチフィルム１
（図１−（Ａ））、基材層ａが、中央部分が透明部４で
両側が濃色部３からなる層と、淡色部２からなる層の２
層からなるマルチフィルム（図１−（Ｂ））を例示する
ことができる。これらのフィルムは、上方から見るとい
ずれも図１−（Ｃ）に示すように、中央部分が淡色部２
で両側が濃色部３のマルチフィルム１に見える。Therefore, for example, in the case of crops sown in early spring and harvested in summer, for the purpose of raising the soil temperature immediately after sowing and suppressing this during the harvesting season, the center is composed of the light-colored part 2 and the both sides are dark-colored part 3 It is preferable to use the multi-film 1 made of As such a film, the base material layer a is a multi-film 1 in which the central part is composed of the light color part 2 and the both sides are composed of the dark color part 3.
(FIG. 1- (A)), the base material layer a is composed of a transparent part 4 in the central part, a dark color part 3 on both sides, and a light color part 2.
A multi-film composed of layers (FIG. 1- (B)) can be exemplified. When viewed from above, each of these films has a light-colored portion 2 at the center as shown in FIG. 1- (C).
Thus, it looks like a multi-colored film 1 with a dark color part 3 on both sides.
【００１２】また、該フィルムとは逆に夏頃に播種して
秋に収穫する作物は、播種直後に地温の上昇を抑制し、
収穫時に地温を上昇させることが好ましい。このような
生育環境を作り出すには、図２に示すように中央の全光
線透過率が低く、両側が高いマルチフィルム１を用いる
ことが好ましい。このようなフィルムとしては、基材層
ａが、中央部分が濃色部３からなり両側が淡色部２から
なるマルチフィルム１（図２−（Ａ））、基材層ａが中
央部分が濃色部３で両側が透明部４からなる層と淡色部
２からなる層の２層からなるマルチフィルム（図２−
（Ｂ））を例示することができる。これらのフィルム
は、上方から見るといずれも図２−（Ｃ）に示すよう
に、中央部分が濃色部３で両側が淡色部２のマルチフィ
ルム１に見える。On the contrary to the film, crops sown in the summer and harvested in the fall suppress the rise in soil temperature immediately after sowing,
It is preferable to raise the soil temperature at the time of harvest. In order to create such a growth environment, it is preferable to use the mulch film 1 having a low central total light transmittance and high sides as shown in FIG. As such a film, the base material layer a is a multi-film 1 (FIG. 2- (A)) in which the central part is composed of a dark color part 3 and both sides are composed of a light color part 2, and the base material layer a is a dark part in the center part. A multi-layer film composed of two layers, a layer composed of a transparent part 4 on both sides of the color part 3 and a layer composed of a light color part 2 (Fig. 2-
(B)) can be illustrated. When viewed from above, each of these films looks like a multi-film 1 having a dark portion 3 at the center and a light portion 2 on both sides, as shown in FIG.
【００１３】次に、基材層ａを形成する樹脂組成につい
て説明する。まず、基材層ａの淡色部２、及び濃色部３
はいずれも熱可塑性樹脂に、A500／A800が４．０以上で
ある酸化鉄粒子と、紫色、青色、または緑色から選ばれ
るいずれかの有機系顔料を含有した組成物からなる。A5
00／A800が４．０以上である酸化鉄粒子としては、例え
ば平均粒子径が８０〜１５０nmのヘマタイト（α−Fe2O
3）粒子が挙げられる。平均粒子径が８０nm未満、ある
いは１５０nmを越える場合はA800は一定もしくは低下す
るがA500が大きく低下するのでA500／A800の値が４．０
未満となる。A500／A800の値が４．０未満となるという
ことは、雑草防止機能、もしくは地温上昇機能が低下し
ていることを意味し、好ましくない。また、酸化鉄粒子
の粒子系状は、紡錘状、針状、板状、そして球状、六面
体、八面体、多面体、不定形状等のほぼ等方形状を呈す
るいずれであっても良い。Next, the resin composition forming the base material layer a will be described. First, the light color portion 2 and the dark color portion 3 of the base material layer a
Each of them comprises a composition containing a thermoplastic resin and iron oxide particles having A500 / A800 of 4.0 or more and any organic pigment selected from purple, blue or green. A5
Examples of the iron oxide particles having 00 / A800 of 4.0 or more include hematite (α-Fe2O) having an average particle size of 80 to 150 nm.
3) Particles. When the average particle size is less than 80 nm or exceeds 150 nm, A800 is constant or decreases, but A500 decreases greatly, so the value of A500 / A800 is 4.0.
Less than. When the value of A500 / A800 is less than 4.0, it means that the function of preventing weeds or the function of increasing soil temperature is lowered, which is not preferable. The particle system of the iron oxide particles may be spindle-shaped, needle-shaped, plate-shaped, spherical, hexahedral, octahedral, polyhedral, or indeterminate.
【００１４】また、基材層ａに酸化鉄粒子と一緒に添加
される有機系顔料としては、紫色、青色または緑色から
選ばれるいずれかの有機系顔料が使用できる。このよう
な有機系顔料としては、例えばジオキサジンバイオレッ
ト、フタロシアニンブルー、ダイアモンドグリーンレー
キ、ピグメントグリーンＢ、グリーンゴールド、フタロ
シアニングリーン等が挙げられる。特にフタロシアニン
ブルーは、波長が５５０〜７００nmの範囲で光線の透過
率が低く、９００nm以上で高いので好ましい。As the organic pigment added to the base layer a together with the iron oxide particles, any organic pigment selected from purple, blue or green can be used. Examples of such organic pigments include dioxazine violet, phthalocyanine blue, diamond green lake, pigment green B, green gold and phthalocyanine green. Particularly, phthalocyanine blue is preferable because it has a low light transmittance in the wavelength range of 550 to 700 nm and a high light transmittance of 900 nm or more.
【００１５】尚、熱可塑性樹脂に対する酸化鉄粒子及び
有機系顔料の添加量であるが、これはマルチフィルム１
の厚み、使用する酸化鉄粒子あるいは有機系顔料の種類
等によっても多少変化するが、淡色部２の場合、全光線
透過率を１５〜５０％にするためには酸化鉄粒子０．５
〜１．８wt％、有機系顔料０．５〜１．３wt％添加する
ことが好ましく、また濃色部３の場合、全光線透過率を
１０％以下にするためには酸化鉄粒子２．０〜５．０wt
％、有機系顔料１．５〜５．０wt％添加することが好ま
しい。酸化鉄粒子の濃度が２．０wt％未満、もしくは有
機系顔料の濃度が１．５wt％未満の場合、濃色部３の全
光線透過率を１０％以下にすることができず、また酸化
鉄粒子の濃度、及び、有機系顔料の濃度のいずれも、
５．０wt％以上添加しても機能の向上は期待できず、コ
スト高につながるだけである。The amount of iron oxide particles and organic pigments added to the thermoplastic resin is the mulch film 1
The thickness of the iron oxide particles or the type of the organic pigment used, etc. may vary to some extent, but in the case of the light-colored portion 2, in order to make the total light transmittance 15 to 50%, the iron oxide particles 0.5
The amount of iron oxide particles is 2.0% to 1.8% by weight and the organic pigment is 0.5 to 1.3% by weight. ~ 5.0 wt
%, And an organic pigment of 1.5 to 5.0 wt% is preferably added. When the concentration of iron oxide particles is less than 2.0 wt% or the concentration of the organic pigment is less than 1.5 wt%, the total light transmittance of the dark color part 3 cannot be made 10% or less, and the iron oxide Both the concentration of the particles and the concentration of the organic pigment,
Even if it is added in an amount of 5.0 wt% or more, no improvement in function can be expected, which only leads to higher costs.
【００１６】また本発明のマルチフィルム１は、少なく
とも一方の最外層に害虫忌避剤を含有する層（以下、忌
避層と称す。）ｂが形成されていることが好ましく、特
に両外層に忌避層ｂが形成されている場合（図１−
（Ａ）、図２−（Ａ））はフィルムの表裏を区別する必
要がなく、フィルムを畝に張る作業か簡単になる。該忌
避層ｂは前述した熱可塑性樹脂に、ピレトリン、アレス
リン等のピレスロイド系や、ホキシム、ピリダフェンチ
オン、テトラクロルビンホス等の有機リン系の殺虫剤、
また天然樹皮等から抽出されたオバクノン、ノミリン、
リモニン、デオキシリモニン、更には３，６−ジクロロ
ピリタジンとパラクロロメタキシレノールの混合剤等の
害虫忌避剤を混入した組成物からなる。但し、該忌避層
ｂは基材層ａに入射する光線を遮らないように、なるべ
く透明に近づけることが好ましい。Further, in the mulch film 1 of the present invention, it is preferable that at least one outermost layer has a layer containing a pest repellent (hereinafter referred to as a repellent layer) b formed thereon, and especially, both outer layers have a repellent layer. b is formed (Fig. 1-
In (A) and FIG. 2- (A), it is not necessary to distinguish between the front and back of the film, and the work of stretching the film on the ridges is simple. The repellent layer b is formed by adding the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin to a pyrethroid-based insecticide such as pyrethrin or allethrin, or an organophosphorus insecticide such as hoxime, pyridafenthion or tetrachlorbinphos.
In addition, Obakunon, Nomilin, extracted from natural bark, etc.
The composition comprises limonin, deoxylimonin, and a pest repellent such as a mixture of 3,6-dichloropyritazine and parachlorometaxylenol. However, it is preferable that the repellent layer b be as transparent as possible so as not to block the light rays incident on the base material layer a.
【００１７】次に、マルチフィルム１の製造方法につい
て説明する。本発明のマルチフィルム１の製造方法は特
に限定されず、例えば二つの押出機を用いて淡色部２用
樹脂と、濃色部３用の樹脂を一つのダイスに供給して、
インフレーション押出法もしくはＴダイ押出法にて、単
層でフィルムの長手方向に平行に三分割されたマルチフ
ィルム１を成形するとよい。また、例えば忌避層ｂ用樹
脂、淡色部２用樹脂、濃色部３用樹脂を一つのダイスに
供給し、淡色部２、及び濃色部３が一つの層となって基
材層ａを形成し、該基材層ａを忌避層ｂが上下から挟む
ように押出成形してもよい。このように基材層ａを忌避
層ｂで挟んだ場合、基材層ａの淡色部２と濃色部３の繋
ぎ目の部分の強度がアップする。Next, a method of manufacturing the mulch film 1 will be described. The method for producing the mulch film 1 of the present invention is not particularly limited, and for example, by using two extruders, the resin for the light color portion 2 and the resin for the dark color portion 3 are supplied to one die,
It is advisable to mold the multi-film 1 which is a single layer divided into three parts in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the film by an inflation extrusion method or a T-die extrusion method. Further, for example, the resin for the repellent layer b, the resin for the light color portion 2, and the resin for the dark color portion 3 are supplied to one die, and the light color portion 2 and the dark color portion 3 become one layer to form the base material layer a. The base layer a may be formed and extrusion-molded so that the repellent layer b is sandwiched from above and below. When the base material layer a is sandwiched between the repellent layers b in this manner, the strength of the joint portion between the light color portion 2 and the dark color portion 3 of the base material layer a is increased.
【００１８】さらに、本発明においては酸化鉄粒子、有
機系顔料の他に、従来公知の界面活性剤、カップリング
剤、滑剤、ブロッキング防止剤、耐候剤、紫外線吸収
剤、安定剤等を添加することももちろん可能である。Further, in the present invention, in addition to iron oxide particles and organic pigments, conventionally known surfactants, coupling agents, lubricants, antiblocking agents, weathering agents, ultraviolet absorbers, stabilizers and the like are added. Of course, it is possible.
【００１９】[0019]
【作用】一般的に、マルチフィルムが十分な雑草防止機
能を得るためには雑草の光合成に必要な４００〜７００
ｎｍの領域の光線を遮断することが必要であり、また地
温を効率よく上昇させるためには７００ｎｍを越える領
域の光線を透過させることが必要であると言われてい
る。具体的には、（１）４００〜７００ｎｍの領域にお
ける透過率が低いこと、及び（２）９００〜１，５００
ｎｍの領域における平均透過率が高いこと、の双方を満
足することである。一般に４００〜７００ｎｍの領域に
おける透過率が低ければ低いほど、雑草の繁茂が抑制さ
れ、特に１０％未満の場合は雑草の繁茂をほとんど防止
することができる。また、９００〜１，５００ｎｍの領
域における平均透過率は、高ければ高いほど地温上昇効
果が期待でき、６０％を以上であることが好ましい。In general, in order for the mulch film to obtain a sufficient weed-preventing function, 400-700 necessary for photosynthesis of weeds is required.
It is said that it is necessary to block light rays in the region of nm, and to transmit light rays in the region exceeding 700 nm in order to efficiently raise the ground temperature. Specifically, (1) low transmittance in the region of 400 to 700 nm, and (2) 900 to 1,500.
That is, the average transmittance in the region of nm is high. Generally, the lower the transmittance in the region of 400 to 700 nm, the more the weeds are suppressed from growing, and particularly when the transmittance is less than 10%, the growth of the weeds can be almost prevented. Further, the higher the average transmittance in the region of 900 to 1,500 nm, the higher the effect of increasing the soil temperature can be expected, and the average transmittance is preferably 60% or more.
【００２０】ところで、本発明のマルチフィルムに用い
る酸化鉄粒子は酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛等と同様に紫外線
領域の光線を吸収するので短波長の全光線透過率が低
く、可視光線、近赤外線領域と長波長になるにしたがっ
て全光線透過率が高くなる性質を有している。しかしな
がら、酸化鉄粒子は酸化チタンや酸化亜鉛等に比べて多
様な結晶構造、色調を有しているため、酸化鉄粒子の種
類や結晶形状、粒子径を適宜選択することにより主に５
５０ｎｍ以下の領域の光線の透過率をある程度コントロ
ールして遮断することができる。図３に、表１に示す酸
化鉄粒子（戸田工業株式会社製）２．０ｗｔ％を、直鎖
状低密度ポリエチレンに添加混合して作製した厚さ２０
μｍのフィルムの分光透過率曲線（日立製作所製、Ｕ３
５００の分光光度計により測定。）を示す。また酸化鉄
粒子のA500／A800は、５００ｎｍ及び８００ｎｍにおけ
る透過率（％Ｔ）により、次式により求めた吸光度Ａを
用いて計算した。 Ａ＝ｌｏｇ（１００／％Ｔ）By the way, the iron oxide particles used in the mulch film of the present invention absorb light rays in the ultraviolet region similarly to titanium oxide, zinc oxide, etc., and therefore have a low short-wavelength total light transmittance, and have a visible light ray and a near infrared ray region. It has the property of increasing the total light transmittance as the wavelength becomes longer. However, iron oxide particles have various crystal structures and color tones as compared with titanium oxide, zinc oxide, etc., so that iron oxide particles are mainly selected by appropriately selecting the type, crystal shape, and particle diameter.
It is possible to block the light rays in the region of 50 nm or less by controlling them to some extent. In Fig. 3, 2.0 wt% of iron oxide particles (manufactured by Toda Kogyo Co., Ltd.) shown in Table 1 was added to and mixed with linear low-density polyethylene to produce a thickness of 20.
Spectral transmittance curve of μm film (Hitachi U3
Measured with a 500 spectrophotometer. ). Further, A500 / A800 of iron oxide particles was calculated from the transmittance (% T) at 500 nm and 800 nm using the absorbance A obtained by the following equation. A = log (100 /% T)
【００２１】[0021]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２２】また、フタロシアニンブルー（住化カラー
株式会社製、商品名：ブルーＳＰＥＭ−５０３）５．５
ｗｔ％を、直鎖状低密度ポリエチレンに添加混合して作
製した厚さ２０μｍのフィルムの分光透過率曲線を図４
に示す。一般に紫色、青色、緑色を呈するフィルムは５
５０〜８００ｎｍの可視光線の透過率が低く、８００ｎ
ｍ以上の領域で透過率が急激に高くなる。Further, phthalocyanine blue (manufactured by Sumika Color Co., Ltd., trade name: Blue SPEM-503) 5.5
FIG. 4 shows a spectral transmittance curve of a film having a thickness of 20 μm produced by adding wt% to linear low-density polyethylene and mixing them.
Shown in Generally, 5 films are purple, blue and green.
The transmittance of visible light of 50 to 800 nm is low, 800 n
The transmittance sharply increases in the region of m or more.
【００２３】したがって５００ｎｍと８００ｎｍにおけ
る吸光度の比A500／A800が４．０以上、すなわち、５０
０ｎｍから８００ｎｍにかけて急激に透過率が高くなる
分光透過率特性を有する酸化鉄粒子と５５０〜８００ｎ
ｍの可視光線の透過率が低く８００ｎｍ以上の領域で透
過率が急激に高くなる紫色、青色、緑色から選ばれた有
機顔料を組み合わせて使用すればそれらの相乗効果によ
って４００〜７００ｎｍの領域での透過率が下がり、９
００〜１，５００ｎｍの近赤外線領域の透過率が６０％
を越えるような特性をマルチフィルムに付与することが
できる。図５に、表２に示す組成の樹脂原料を用いて得
られたフィルム(厚さ9μm)の分光線透過率曲線を示す。
但し、表中のＬＤＰＥとは直鎖状低密度ポリエチレン樹
脂を意味する。また、全光線透過率は日本電色工業製ヘ
ルスメータＮＤＨ−２０Ｄを用いて測定した。Therefore, the ratio A500 / A800 of the absorbance at 500 nm and 800 nm is 4.0 or more, that is, 50.
550 to 800n with iron oxide particles having spectral transmittance characteristics in which the transmittance rapidly increases from 0 nm to 800 nm
The transmittance of visible light of m is low, and the transmittance is rapidly increased in the range of 800 nm or more. If organic pigments selected from purple, blue, and green are used in combination, the synergistic effect of these pigments results in the range of 400 to 700 nm. The transmittance is reduced, 9
60% transmittance in the near infrared region of 00 to 1,500 nm
It is possible to give the multi-film a property that exceeds the above. FIG. 5 shows the spectral transmittance curve of the film (thickness 9 μm) obtained by using the resin raw material having the composition shown in Table 2.
However, LDPE in the table means a linear low-density polyethylene resin. Further, the total light transmittance was measured using a health meter NDH-20D manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.
【００２４】[0024]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２５】このようにして得られたフィルムは、図５
からも明らかなように、４００〜７００nmの平均透過率
が低く、しかも９００〜１５００ｎｍの平均透過率が６
０％以上であるので雑草の繁茂防止、及び地温上昇に効
果がある。The film thus obtained is shown in FIG.
As is clear from the above, the average transmittance at 400 to 700 nm is low, and the average transmittance at 900 to 1500 nm is 6
Since it is 0% or more, it is effective in preventing overgrowth of weeds and increasing the soil temperature.
【００２６】[0026]
【実施例】以下、本発明を実施例によって説明する。な
お、本発明のマルチフィルムの性能評価は以下の方法に
よって行った。EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples. The performance of the mulch film of the present invention was evaluated by the following method.
【００２７】＜雑草防止効果＞香川県丸亀市内の農地で
平成７年１月１４日に各種マルチフィルムを敷設し、３
０日後の雑草の繁茂状況によって評価した。<Weed-preventing effect> Various mulch films were laid on January 14, 1995 in farmland in Marugame city, Kagawa prefecture, and 3
It was evaluated by the condition of weed overgrowth after 0 days.
【００２８】 ○・・・雑草の繁茂なし △・・・雑草が少量繁茂 ×・・・雑草が多量に繁茂 ＜地温測定＞香川県丸亀市内の農地で平成７年１月１４
日から１月１９日までの間、各種マルチフィルムを敷設
し、一日のうち２時、６時、１０時、１４時、１８時、
２２時に、地表下１０ｃｍの土中の温度を測定し、平均
値で評価した。○: No weeds are overgrown △: Weeds are overgrown ×: Weeds are overgrown <Ground temperature measurement> On farmland in Marugame City, Kagawa Prefecture, January 14, 1995
From the day to January 19th, various mulch films were laid, and at 2 o'clock, 6 o'clock, 10 o'clock, 14 o'clock, 18 o'clock,
At 22:00, the temperature in the soil 10 cm below the surface of the earth was measured, and the average value was evaluated.
【００２９】本実施例及び比較例においては、表２に示
した樹脂を一部使用した。また黒色顔料としてカーボン
ブラックマスターバッチ（東京インキ株式会社製、商品
名：ＰＥＸ３５００Ｃ）を使用した。In the present examples and comparative examples, some of the resins shown in Table 2 were used. A carbon black masterbatch (manufactured by Tokyo Ink Co., Ltd., trade name: PEX3500C) was used as a black pigment.
【００３０】実施例１〜２、比較例１〜４ 直鎖状低密度ポリエチレン（住友化学工業株式会社製、
商品名：スミカセンＬＦＲ１４４Ｅ、ＭＩ＝０．８ｇ／
１０分、密度０．９２０ｇ／ｃｍ3）に表３に示すごと
く所定配合して押出機に供給し、インフレーション成形
法によりマルチフィルムを製造し、得られたフィルムを
畝に展張して作物の生育度合い、雑草防止効果、地温を
測定した。なお、表中の樹脂記号ａ、ｂ、ｃ、ｄはそれ
ぞれ表２の樹脂記号に対応し、またＬＤＰＥは直鎖状低
密度ポリエチレンを意味する。製造条件は加工温度２０
０℃、押出量２０ｋｇ／ｈｒ、ブロー比３．０、引き取
り速度１２ｍ／ｍｉｎであった。Examples 1 and 2, Comparative Examples 1 to 4 Linear low density polyethylene (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.,
Product name: Sumikasen LFR144E, MI = 0.8g /
10 minutes, density 0.920 g / cm3) as prescribed in Table 3 and fed to the extruder to produce mulch film by inflation molding method. The obtained film is spread on the ridges and the growth rate of crops is increased. , Weed preventive effect and soil temperature were measured. The resin symbols a, b, c, d in the table correspond to the resin symbols in Table 2, and LDPE means linear low density polyethylene. Manufacturing conditions are processing temperature 20
The temperature was 0 ° C., the extrusion rate was 20 kg / hr, the blow ratio was 3.0, and the take-up speed was 12 m / min.
【００３１】なお、実施例１、２、比較例２で用いたフ
ィルムは、それぞれ両外層に直鎖状低密度ポリエチレン
からなる透明層を有した厚さ２３μm、幅１，５００ｍ
ｍの三層フィルムとし、また比較例１、３、４に用いた
マルチフィルムは、それぞれ厚さ２０μmの単層フィル
ムとした。The films used in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 2 each had a transparent layer of linear low-density polyethylene on both outer layers, and had a thickness of 23 μm and a width of 1,500 m.
m as a three-layer film, and the multi-films used in Comparative Examples 1, 3, and 4 were single-layer films each having a thickness of 20 μm.
【００３２】[0032]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００３３】さらに、これらのマルチフィルムを実際に
農地に敷設して、雑草の繁茂防止効果、及び地温上昇効
果を測定した。また、マルチフィルムを展張しない裸地
についても、雑草の繁茂防止効果、及び地温上昇効果を
測定した。雑草防止効果に関する測定結果を表４に、地
温の測定結果を表５に示す。Further, these mulch films were actually laid on farmland, and the effect of preventing overgrowth of weeds and the effect of increasing soil temperature were measured. In addition, the effect of preventing weeds from growing and the effect of increasing soil temperature were also measured on bare land on which mulch film was not spread. Table 4 shows the measurement results regarding the weed prevention effect, and Table 5 shows the measurement results regarding the soil temperature.
【００３４】[0034]
【表４】 [Table 4]
【００３５】[0035]
【表５】 [Table 5]
【００３６】表４及び表５からも明らかなように、実施
例１、２のマルチフィルムはフィルムの中央部近辺で十
分な地温上昇機能を、両側で十分な雑草防止機能を発揮
している。また、害虫忌避効果も見られた。比較例１、
４のフィルムは雑草の繁茂は見られなかったが、フィル
ム内が全体的に低温であった。これとは逆に、比較例
２、３の場合は地温はかなり高温まで上がったが、雑草
がマルチ内部全域に生えた。また、実施例１、２は、フ
ィルム全面に渡って全光線透過率の低い比較例１、４よ
りも作物の生育度合いが良好であった。As is clear from Tables 4 and 5, the mulch films of Examples 1 and 2 exhibit a sufficient soil temperature increasing function near the center of the film and a sufficient weed preventing function on both sides. Moreover, the pest repellent effect was also seen. Comparative Example 1,
The film of No. 4 showed no overgrowth of weeds, but the film had a low temperature as a whole. On the contrary, in the case of Comparative Examples 2 and 3, the soil temperature rose to a considerably high temperature, but weeds grew all over the mulch. In addition, in Examples 1 and 2, the degree of growth of the crop was better than that of Comparative Examples 1 and 4 in which the total light transmittance was low over the entire surface of the film.
【００３７】[0037]
【効果】本発明によるマルチフィルムは、４００〜７０
０ｎｍの領域の光線の透過が小さく、７００ｎｍを越え
た領域の光線透過が良いので、雑草防止機能と地温上昇
機能を兼備している。また、フィルムの長手方向に三分
割され、淡色部と濃色部に分かれているため、地温のコ
ントロールをより細かく行うことができ、作物の播種か
ら収穫期に渡って長い間使用することができる。[Effect] The multi-film according to the present invention is 400-70.
Since the light transmission in the region of 0 nm is small and the light transmission in the region exceeding 700 nm is good, it has both a weed-preventing function and a soil temperature raising function. Also, since it is divided into three parts in the longitudinal direction of the film and is divided into a light color part and a dark color part, the soil temperature can be controlled more finely, and it can be used for a long time from the sowing of the crop to the harvesting season. .
【００３８】また、外層に害虫忌避剤を混入した忌避層
を有していると、害虫忌避効果も得られ、減農薬栽培が
可能となる。特にフィルムの両外層に忌避層を設ける
と、マルチフィルムを畝に張るときにフィルムの表裏を
確かめる必要がない。When the outer layer has a repellent layer in which a pest repellent is mixed, a pest repellent effect can be obtained and cultivation with reduced pesticide can be realized. In particular, if repellent layers are provided on both outer layers of the film, it is not necessary to check the front and back of the film when the mulch film is stretched on the ridges.
【図１】本発明によるマルチフィルムの一実施例を表す
断面図（Ａ）、（Ｂ）と平面図（Ｃ）である。FIG. 1 is cross-sectional views (A) and (B) and a plan view (C) showing an embodiment of a mulch film according to the present invention.
【図２】本発明によるマルチフィルムの一実施例を表す
断面図（Ａ）、（Ｂ）と平面図（Ｃ）である。2A and 2B are cross-sectional views (A) and (B) and a plan view (C) showing an embodiment of a mulch film according to the present invention.
【図３】表１に示す酸化鉄α〜δを直鎖状低密度ポリエ
チレンに添加した樹脂から得られるフィルムの分光線透
過率曲線である。FIG. 3 is a spectral transmittance curve of a film obtained from a resin obtained by adding iron oxides α to δ shown in Table 1 to linear low-density polyethylene.
【図４】フタロシアニンブルーを直鎖状低密度ポリエチ
レンに添加した樹脂から得られるフィルムの分光線透過
率曲線である。FIG. 4 is a spectral transmittance curve of a film obtained from a resin obtained by adding phthalocyanine blue to linear low-density polyethylene.
【図５】表２に示す組成の樹脂原料を用いて得られたフ
ィルムの分光線透過率曲線である。5 is a spectral transmittance curve of a film obtained by using resin raw materials having the compositions shown in Table 2. FIG.
ａ 基材層 ｂ 忌避層 １ マルチフィルム ２ 淡色層 ３ 濃色層 ４ 透明部 a base material layer b repellent layer 1 multi-film 2 light color layer 3 dark color layer 4 transparent part
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｂ３２Ｂ 27/20 Ｂ３２Ｂ 27/20 Ａ ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location B32B 27/20 B32B 27/20 A
Claims (3)
に三分割されており、中央が全光線透過率が１５〜５０
％、両側が全光線透過率が１０％以下となるように、酸
化鉄粒子、及び紫色、青色、または緑色から選ばれるい
ずれかの有機系顔料がそれぞれ添加されており、該酸化
鉄粒子の５００nmにおける吸光度（A500）と８００nmに
おける吸光度（A800）の比A500／A800が４．０以上であ
ることを特徴とするマルチフィルム１。1. A substrate layer a is divided into three parts parallel to the longitudinal direction of the film, and the central part has a total light transmittance of 15 to 50.
%, Iron oxide particles and any organic pigment selected from purple, blue, or green are added so that the total light transmittance is 10% or less on both sides. The multi-film 1 characterized in that the ratio A500 / A800 of the absorbance (A500) at 800 nm and the absorbance at 800 nm (A800) is 4.0 or more.
に三分割されており、中央が全光線透過率が１０％以
下、両側が全光線透過率が１５〜５０％となるように、
酸化鉄粒子、及び紫色、青色、または緑色から選ばれる
いずれかの有機系顔料がそれぞれ添加されており、該酸
化鉄粒子の５００nmにおける吸光度（A500）と８００nm
における吸光度（A800）の比A500／A800が４．０以上で
あることを特徴とするマルチフィルム１。2. The substrate layer a is divided into three parts in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the film so that the total light transmittance is 10% or less in the center and the total light transmittance is 15 to 50% on both sides. ,
Iron oxide particles and any organic pigment selected from purple, blue, or green are added, respectively, and the absorbance at 500 nm (A500) and 800 nm of the iron oxide particles are added.
The multi-film 1 is characterized in that the ratio of absorbance (A800) A500 / A800 is 4.0 or more.
る最外層ｂを有することを特徴とする請求項１乃至２の
いずれかに記載のマルチフィルム１。3. The mulch film 1 according to claim 1, which has an outermost layer b containing a pest repellent on at least one side.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8031528A JPH09224496A (en) | 1996-02-20 | 1996-02-20 | Mulch film |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8031528A JPH09224496A (en) | 1996-02-20 | 1996-02-20 | Mulch film |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09224496A true JPH09224496A (en) | 1997-09-02 |
Family
ID=12333703
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8031528A Pending JPH09224496A (en) | 1996-02-20 | 1996-02-20 | Mulch film |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH09224496A (en) |
-
1996
- 1996-02-20 JP JP8031528A patent/JPH09224496A/en active Pending
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