JPH09173771A - Treatment of exhaust gas from waste incinerator - Google Patents

Treatment of exhaust gas from waste incinerator

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Publication number
JPH09173771A
JPH09173771A JP7336589A JP33658995A JPH09173771A JP H09173771 A JPH09173771 A JP H09173771A JP 7336589 A JP7336589 A JP 7336589A JP 33658995 A JP33658995 A JP 33658995A JP H09173771 A JPH09173771 A JP H09173771A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
mercury
fly ash
gas
remove
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP7336589A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3189032B2 (en
Inventor
Takashi Nishitani
隆司 西谷
Isao Fukunaga
勲 福永
Hisao Ito
尚夫 伊藤
Akira Nishimura
朗 西村
Teruaki Fujikawa
輝昭 藤川
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osaka City
Original Assignee
Osaka City
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Osaka City filed Critical Osaka City
Priority to JP33658995A priority Critical patent/JP3189032B2/en
Publication of JPH09173771A publication Critical patent/JPH09173771A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3189032B2 publication Critical patent/JP3189032B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To remove mercury from an exhaust gas that is exhausted from a waste incinerator and contains mercury, inexpensively and with a high efficiency by transferring the exhaust gas to a bag filter having incinerator fly ash deposited therein to remove metal mercury and thereafter washing the treated gas with an exhaust gas washing device. SOLUTION: In this treatment, a high temp exhaust gas that is exhausted from a waste incinerator and contains mercury, is transferred to a bag filter having fly ash deposited therein beforehand and brought into contact with the fly ash to trap the mercury with the fly ash and to remove the mercury from the exhaust gas. This mercury-free exhaust gas is washed with a gas washing device such as scrubber to remove acidic gaseous components from the exhaust gas. The washing wastewater is treated with a method such as coagulating sedimentation treatment and the exhaust gas thus treated is discharged through a stack into the atmosphere.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、ゴミ焼却炉からの
排ガスの処理方法に関する。
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for treating exhaust gas from a refuse incinerator.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来、ゴミ焼却炉からの排ガス中の水銀
などの有害物質の除去処理方法としては、湿式法と乾式
法とがある。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there are a wet method and a dry method as methods for removing harmful substances such as mercury in exhaust gas from a refuse incinerator.

【0003】湿式法は、図1にフローチャートとして示
す様に、ゴミ焼却炉から電気集塵機を通過した高温の排
ガス(200〜300℃程度)を触媒脱硝装置に導いて脱硝処
理した後、スクラバーなどの洗浄装置において、排ガス
とアルカリ水溶液とを接触させ、排ガス中の有害物質を
水に吸収させて除去するものである。しかしながら、こ
の湿式方法においては、排ガス中の水銀および水銀化合
物の中、水溶性である塩化第二水銀(HgCl2)は、捕捉
できるものの、非水溶性である金属水銀(Hg0)は、捕
捉できない。また、水銀化合物を吸収したスクラバー廃
水を処理して、水銀を除去するための廃水処理設備が別
途必要となるので、工程管理を厳重に行う必要があり、
且つコスト高となる難点がある。
In the wet method, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 1, high-temperature exhaust gas (about 200 to 300 ° C.) passed from an incinerator through an electric precipitator is guided to a catalytic denitration device to be denitrated, and then subjected to a scrubber or the like. In a cleaning device, exhaust gas is brought into contact with an aqueous alkaline solution, and harmful substances in the exhaust gas are absorbed by water and removed. However, in this wet method, among mercury and mercury compounds in exhaust gas, water-soluble mercuric chloride (HgCl 2 ) can be captured, but non-water-soluble metal mercury (Hg 0 ) is captured. Can not. In addition, since a separate wastewater treatment facility is required to treat the scrubber wastewater that has absorbed mercury compounds and remove mercury, it is necessary to strictly control the process,
In addition, there is a disadvantage that the cost is high.

【0004】乾式法は、図2にフローチャートとして示
す様に、ゴミ焼却炉からの高温の排ガスに消石灰(Ca
(OH)2)の微粉末を散布して、消石灰と排ガス中の酸
性ガス(SOx、HClなど)とを反応させた後、排ガス中に
活性炭微粉末を散布して、ガス中の金属水銀を吸着除去
し、次いで、上記の反応生成物と水銀を吸着した活性炭
微粉末とをバグフィルターにより除去している。この方
法は、スクラバー廃水の処理を必要としない点では、湿
式法に比して、有利ではあるが、特有の欠点をも有して
いる。すなわち、消石灰は、塩化第二水銀に対しては高
い除去率を示すが、金属水銀の除去率は低い。従って、
金属水銀の吸着除去のために、高価な活性炭を多量に使
用する必要があり、コスト高となる。また、活性炭は、
180℃以上の温度では、吸着能力が著しく低下するの
で、消石灰散布後の高温の排ガス中にそのまま活性炭を
散布することは極めて不利であり、排ガスの温度低下を
待って散布を行わなければならないが、触媒脱硝を行う
場合には、バグフィルター通過後に行われる200℃以上
での触媒脱硝反応が阻害されることになる。さらに、多
量の消石灰散布により形成されるバグフィルター捕集灰
の処理経費が高いことも、乾式法の大きな難点である。
In the dry method, as shown in a flowchart of FIG. 2, slaked lime (Ca) is added to high-temperature exhaust gas from a garbage incinerator.
(OH) 2 ) fine powder is sprayed to react slaked lime with acidic gases (SO x , HCl, etc.) in the exhaust gas, and then activated carbon fine powder is sprayed in the exhaust gas to remove metallic mercury in the gas. Then, the reaction product and the activated carbon fine powder adsorbing mercury are removed by a bag filter. Although this method is advantageous over the wet method in that it does not require the treatment of scrubber wastewater, it also has its own disadvantages. That is, slaked lime shows a high removal rate for mercuric chloride, but a low removal rate for metallic mercury. Therefore,
In order to adsorb and remove metallic mercury, it is necessary to use a large amount of expensive activated carbon, which increases the cost. In addition, activated carbon is
At a temperature of 180 ° C or higher, the adsorption capacity is significantly reduced, and it is extremely disadvantageous to spray the activated carbon directly into the high-temperature exhaust gas after slaked lime spraying. In the case where catalytic denitration is performed, the catalytic denitration reaction at 200 ° C. or higher performed after passing through the bag filter is inhibited. Further, the high processing cost of the bag filter collected ash formed by spraying a large amount of slaked lime is also a big drawback of the dry method.

【0005】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】従って、本発明は、水
銀を含有するゴミ焼却炉からの排ガスを高価な設備を使
用することなく安価に且つ高効率で除去しうる方法を提
供することを主な目的とする。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to provide a method capable of inexpensively and highly efficiently removing the exhaust gas from a refuse incinerator containing mercury without using expensive equipment. It has a purpose.

【0006】[0006]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者は、上記の様な
従来技術の現状に留意しつつ鋭意研究を重ねた結果、バ
グフィルターに堆積したゴミ焼却炉からの飛灰(BF堆
積灰)とゴミ焼却炉排ガスとを接触させる場合には、B
F堆積灰が極めて高度の水銀吸着能を発揮して、排ガス
中に含まれる水銀が高い除去率で除去されることを見出
した。また、バグフィルターを通過した排ガスは、水銀
を実質的に含まないので、スクラバーなどの洗浄装置に
より洗浄するだけで、排ガス中の有害物質を水に吸収さ
せて、その除去精製を行い得ることをも、見出した。
Means for Solving the Problems The present inventor has conducted intensive studies while paying attention to the current state of the prior art as described above, and as a result, fly ash (BF deposited ash) from a garbage incinerator deposited on a bag filter. When contacting the waste gas with the waste incinerator, B
It has been found that F sedimentary ash exhibits an extremely high mercury adsorption ability, and mercury contained in exhaust gas is removed at a high removal rate. Also, since the exhaust gas that has passed through the bag filter contains substantially no mercury, it is possible to absorb and remove and purify harmful substances in the exhaust gas into water simply by washing it with a scrubber or other washing device. Also headlined.

【0007】すなわち、本発明は、下記のゴミ焼却炉か
らの排ガスの処理方法を提供するものである: 1.ゴミ焼却炉からの排ガスを焼却炉飛灰が堆積したバ
グフィルターにそのまま送って金属水銀を除去した後、
処理ガスを排ガス洗浄装置で洗浄して酸性ガスを除去す
ることを特徴とするゴミ焼却炉からの排ガス処理方法。
That is, the present invention provides the following method for treating exhaust gas from a refuse incinerator: Exhaust gas from the refuse incinerator is sent as it is to the bag filter where fly ash is accumulated to remove metallic mercury,
A method for treating exhaust gas from a refuse incinerator, which comprises cleaning the treated gas with an exhaust gas cleaning device to remove acid gas.

【0008】[0008]

【発明の実施の形態】本発明は、後記の実施例1および
2に要約される新規な知見に基づいて完成されたもので
ある。
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention has been completed based on the novel findings summarized in Examples 1 and 2 below.

【0009】以下図面を参照しつつ、本発明をさらに詳
細に説明する。
The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

【0010】本発明方法の概要をフローチャートとして
図3に示す。本発明方法においては、焼却炉からの高温
の排ガスは、バグフィルターに送られる。バグフィルタ
ーには、予め飛灰(消石灰を散布しない状態での焼却炉
飛灰)が堆積されている。この状態で水銀含有排ガスと
バグフィルターに堆積した飛灰とが接触すると、排ガス
中の水銀が飛灰に捕捉され、排ガスから除去される。本
発明においては、排ガス温度が200℃程度の高温のまま
でも、十分な水銀除去率が得られ、排ガス温度が低温に
なると、水銀除去率はさらに改善される。
An outline of the method of the present invention is shown in FIG. 3 as a flow chart. In the method of the present invention, the hot exhaust gas from the incinerator is sent to a bag filter. Fly ash (incinerator fly ash without spraying slaked lime) is previously deposited on the bag filter. In this state, when the mercury-containing exhaust gas comes into contact with fly ash deposited on the bag filter, mercury in the exhaust gas is captured by the fly ash and removed from the exhaust gas. In the present invention, a sufficient mercury removal rate can be obtained even when the exhaust gas temperature is as high as about 200 ° C., and when the exhaust gas temperature is lowered, the mercury removal rate is further improved.

【0011】水銀を除去された排ガスは、スクラバーな
どの公知の排ガス洗浄装置により洗浄され、酸性ガス
(SOx、HClなど)が除去される。洗浄排水は、凝集沈殿
処理法などの公知の排水処理法により処理される。
The exhaust gas from which mercury has been removed is cleaned by a known exhaust gas cleaning device such as a scrubber to remove acidic gas (SO x , HCl, etc.). The washing wastewater is treated by a known wastewater treatment method such as a coagulation sedimentation treatment method.

【0012】処理を終えた排ガスは、煙突から大気中に
放出される。
The exhaust gas that has been treated is discharged from the chimney into the atmosphere.

【0013】なお、焼却炉からの飛灰の組成が所定値
(塩化カルシウムとして3%以上、炭素系吸着能物質と
して3%以上)を下回る場合、或いはBF堆積灰のふる
い落とし促進のための助剤などの薬剤散布のために、B
F堆積灰中の有効成分が所定値に達しない場合には、塩
化カルシウムの散布或いは水酸化カルシウムを排ガスに
添加して排ガス中のHClとの反応により、BF堆積灰中
に塩化カルシウムを形成させても良く、不足する炭素系
吸着能物質を補うために活性炭を補給しても良い。
When the composition of fly ash from the incinerator is below a predetermined value (3% or more as calcium chloride and 3% or more as carbon-based adsorbing material), or an auxiliary agent for promoting sieving off of BF accumulated ash. For spraying chemicals such as B
If the active ingredient in the F deposited ash does not reach the prescribed value, calcium chloride is sprinkled or calcium hydroxide is added to the exhaust gas to react with HCl in the exhaust gas to form calcium chloride in the BF deposited ash. Alternatively, activated carbon may be replenished to make up for the insufficient carbon-based adsorbing substance.

【0014】[0014]

【発明の効果】飛灰を有効利用することにより、水銀除
去のための薬剤が不要となる。或いはこの様な薬剤を使
用する場合にも、その使用量を減少させることができ
る。
Efficient use of fly ash eliminates the need for a chemical for removing mercury. Alternatively, even when such a drug is used, the amount used can be reduced.

【0015】200℃以上の高温においても、塩化第二水
銀のみならず、金属水銀をも高い除去率で除去できる。
Even at a high temperature of 200 ° C. or higher, not only mercuric chloride but also metallic mercury can be removed with a high removal rate.

【0016】酸性ガス処理のための消石灰の散布を行わ
ないので、バグフィルター灰の生成量が大幅に減少す
る。
Since slaked lime is not sprayed for acid gas treatment, the amount of bag filter ash produced is greatly reduced.

【0017】[0017]

【実施例】以下に実施例を示し、本発明の特徴とすると
ころをより一層明確にする。
EXAMPLES Examples are shown below to further clarify the features of the present invention.

【0018】なお、金属水銀を含有するが、その他の不
純成分を含有しない模擬排ガスを使用する以下の実施例
においては、水銀除去後のガスからの酸性ガスの洗浄除
去処理および洗浄排水の処理は、示していないが、これ
らの後処理は、すでに確立されている常法により、容易
に行いうるところである。
In the following examples using simulated exhaust gas containing metallic mercury but not containing other impure components, the treatment for removing the acidic gas from the gas after the mercury removal and the treatment for the cleaning drainage were performed. Although not shown, these post-treatments can be easily performed by conventional methods that have already been established.

【0019】実施例1 本発明において、高温における飛灰による高い金属水銀
除去能は、飛灰に含まれる塩化カルシウムと炭素系吸着
能物質(未燃焼の多孔質炭素成分からなり、比表面積10
0〜500m2/g程度で、活性炭に類似する吸着特性を有して
いる)とにより発揮されるものである。
Example 1 In the present invention, the high ability to remove metallic mercury by fly ash at a high temperature has a high specific surface area of 10% by comparison with calcium chloride and a carbon-based adsorbent substance (unburned porous carbon component) contained in the fly ash.
It has an adsorption property similar to that of activated carbon at 0 to 500 m 2 / g).

【0020】これらの含有率と水銀除去率との関係をよ
り一層明確にするために、疑似BF堆積灰による水銀除
去を下記の要領で行った。
In order to further clarify the relationship between these content rates and the mercury removal rate, mercury removal by the pseudo BF accumulated ash was performed in the following manner.

【0021】カオリン(不活性物質)に塩化カルシウム
と炭素系吸着能物質に代替する活性炭(比表面積約800m
2/g)とを等量の割合で添加して疑似BF堆積灰を調製
し、図4に示す装置を使用して、高温ガス中の水銀除去
効果を確認した。
Activated carbon (specific surface area of about 800 m) that replaces kaolin (inert substance) with calcium chloride and a carbon-based adsorbing substance
2 / g) was added at an equal ratio to prepare a pseudo BF sedimentary ash, and the effect of removing mercury in the high-temperature gas was confirmed using the apparatus shown in FIG.

【0022】金属水銀0.15mg/Nm3を含む模擬排ガスをラ
イン1からヒーターにより350℃に加熱された予熱管3
を経て、フィルター7を備え、ヒーターにより200℃に
加熱保持されたガラス管5に供給した。予熱管3および
ガラス管5の温度は、熱電対により温度測定を行いつ
つ、調整した。フィルター7では、上記で調製した模擬
BF堆積灰により、約5mmの厚さの粉体層(フィルター
ケーキ層)を形成させた。この状態で、フィルター7を
出た模擬排ガスを水銀分析用吸収液9、ガスメーター1
1および吸引ポンプ13を経て系外に取り出した。
Preheating tube 3 in which simulated exhaust gas containing 0.15 mg / Nm 3 of metallic mercury was heated from line 1 to 350 ° C. by a heater.
After that, the mixture was supplied to a glass tube 5 provided with a filter 7 and heated to 200 ° C. by a heater. The temperatures of the preheating tube 3 and the glass tube 5 were adjusted while measuring the temperature with a thermocouple. In the filter 7, a powder layer (filter cake layer) having a thickness of about 5 mm was formed from the simulated BF deposited ash prepared above. In this state, the simulated exhaust gas discharged from the filter 7 was absorbed into the absorption liquid 9 for mercury analysis and the gas meter 1.
1 and taken out of the system via the suction pump 13.

【0023】水銀除去効果を図5に示す。塩化カルシウ
ムと活性炭の各含有量が5%の場合には、約80%という
高い水銀除去率が達成されている。
The effect of removing mercury is shown in FIG. When the contents of calcium chloride and activated carbon are 5%, mercury removal rates as high as about 80% have been achieved.

【0024】実施例2 飛灰(消石灰を散布しない場合のBF堆積灰に相当す
る)による水銀除去能を明らかにするために、下記の要
領で排ガス中の水銀除去を行った。
Example 2 In order to clarify the mercury removing ability of fly ash (corresponding to BF accumulated ash when slaked lime is not sprayed), mercury in exhaust gas was removed in the following manner.

【0025】ゴミ焼却炉で採取した飛灰(消石灰は散布
していない)と消石灰とを所定の割合で配合した混合物
を疑似BF堆積灰に代えて使用する以外は実施例1と同
様にして、水銀含有模擬排ガスの処理を行った。
In the same manner as in Example 1 except that a mixture of fly ash (not slaked lime was sprayed) and slaked lime taken in a refuse incinerator in a predetermined ratio was used in place of the pseudo BF accumulated ash, The mercury-containing simulated exhaust gas was treated.

【0026】結果を図6に示す。消石灰が水銀除去に殆
ど効果を発揮しないのに対し、飛灰が優れた水銀除去効
果を発揮することが明らかである。
FIG. 6 shows the results. It is clear that slaked lime has almost no effect on mercury removal, whereas fly ash has an excellent mercury removal effect.

【0027】なお、各混合物中の塩化カルシウムと炭素
の含有量を表1に示す。
Table 1 shows the contents of calcium chloride and carbon in each mixture.

【0028】[0028]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0029】実施例3 バグフィルター上の飛灰層の厚さを種々変化させる以外
は実施例1と同様にして、水銀含有模擬排ガスの処理を
行った。結果を表2に示す。
Example 3 The mercury-containing simulated exhaust gas was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the fly ash layer on the bag filter was variously changed. Table 2 shows the results.

【0030】[0030]

【表2】 [Table 2]

【0031】表2に示す結果から明らかな様に、本発明
方法においては、BF堆積灰の層厚が3mm程度以上であ
れば、十分な水銀除去効果を得ることができる。
As is clear from the results shown in Table 2, in the method of the present invention, if the layer thickness of the BF deposited ash is about 3 mm or more, a sufficient mercury removing effect can be obtained.

【0032】実施設のバグフィルターの通常の運転で
は、BF堆積灰は、5〜15mm程度の厚さとなるので、
実施設においても、十分な水銀除去率が得られることが
明らかである。
In a normal operation of the bag filter installed, the BF accumulated ash has a thickness of about 5 to 15 mm.
It is clear that even in actual facilities, a sufficient mercury removal rate can be obtained.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】ゴミ焼却炉からの排ガスの公知の湿式処理方法
を示すフローチャートである。
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a known wet treatment method for exhaust gas from a refuse incinerator.

【図2】ゴミ焼却炉からの排ガスの公知の乾式処理方法
を示すフローチャートである。
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a known dry treatment method of exhaust gas from a refuse incinerator.

【図3】本発明によるゴミ焼却炉からの排ガスの処理方
法を示すフローチャートである。
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a method for treating exhaust gas from a refuse incinerator according to the present invention.

【図4】実施例1による高温排ガス中の水銀除去処理で
使用した装置を示すフローチャートである。
FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing an apparatus used for a mercury removal treatment in high-temperature exhaust gas according to Example 1.

【図5】実施例1における水銀除去効果を示すグラフで
ある。
5 is a graph showing the effect of removing mercury in Example 1. FIG.

【図6】実施例2における水銀除去効果を示すグラフで
ある。
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of removing mercury in Example 2.

【符号の説明】 1…排ガス導入ライン 3…予熱管 5…ガラス管 7…フィルター 9…水銀分析用吸収液 11…ガスメーター 13…吸引ポンプ[Explanation of Codes] 1 ... Exhaust gas introduction line 3 ... Preheating tube 5 ... Glass tube 7 ... Filter 9 ... Mercury analysis absorbing liquid 11 ... Gas meter 13 ... Suction pump

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】ゴミ焼却炉からの排ガスを焼却炉飛灰が堆
積したバグフィルターにそのまま送って金属水銀を除去
した後、処理ガスを排ガス洗浄装置で洗浄して酸性ガス
を除去することを特徴とするゴミ焼却炉からの排ガス処
理方法。
1. The exhaust gas from the refuse incinerator is sent as it is to a bag filter in which incinerator fly ash is deposited to remove metallic mercury, and then the treated gas is washed with an exhaust gas washing device to remove acid gas. Exhaust gas treatment method from garbage incinerator.
JP33658995A 1995-12-25 1995-12-25 Treatment of exhaust gas from garbage incinerators Expired - Fee Related JP3189032B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP33658995A JP3189032B2 (en) 1995-12-25 1995-12-25 Treatment of exhaust gas from garbage incinerators

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP33658995A JP3189032B2 (en) 1995-12-25 1995-12-25 Treatment of exhaust gas from garbage incinerators

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH09173771A true JPH09173771A (en) 1997-07-08
JP3189032B2 JP3189032B2 (en) 2001-07-16

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP33658995A Expired - Fee Related JP3189032B2 (en) 1995-12-25 1995-12-25 Treatment of exhaust gas from garbage incinerators

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3189032B2 (en)

Also Published As

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JP3189032B2 (en) 2001-07-16

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