JPH09155383A - Foul water purification device - Google Patents
Foul water purification deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09155383A JPH09155383A JP32664295A JP32664295A JPH09155383A JP H09155383 A JPH09155383 A JP H09155383A JP 32664295 A JP32664295 A JP 32664295A JP 32664295 A JP32664295 A JP 32664295A JP H09155383 A JPH09155383 A JP H09155383A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- biological filtration
- anaerobic
- anaerobic biological
- filtration tank
- tank
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は屎尿や生活雑排水、
産業排水等の有機性汚水の処理技術に関するものであ
り、発泡樹脂製の浮遊濾材を用いた嫌気性生物濾過型の
汚水の浄化装置に関するものである。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to human waste and household wastewater,
The present invention relates to a technology for treating organic wastewater such as industrial wastewater, and relates to an anaerobic biological filtration type wastewater purification apparatus using a floating filter material made of foamed resin.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】嫌気性微生物を利用した有機性汚水の浄
化方法（以下嫌気性生物処理方法と呼ぶ）は古くから知
られており、現実にも広く実用に供されている。当該嫌
気性生物処理方法は嫌気性微生物の代謝速度が遅いた
め、好気性生物処理方法に比較して汚水の浄化処理速度
が遅いと云う難点を有するものの、汚泥の発生量が好
気性生物処理の場合の約１／１０であって極めて少ない
こと、エアー供給ポンプが不要であるため消費エネル
ギーが少ないこと等の好気性生物処理には見られない優
れた特徴を有するものである。2. Description of the Related Art A method for purifying organic sewage using anaerobic microorganisms (hereinafter referred to as an anaerobic biological treatment method) has been known for a long time and has been put to practical use widely. Since the anaerobic biological treatment method has a slow metabolic rate of anaerobic microorganisms, it has a drawback that the purification treatment speed of sewage is slow compared to the aerobic biological treatment method, but the amount of sludge generated is less than that of aerobic biological treatment. It has excellent characteristics not seen in aerobic biological treatment such as about 1/10 of the case, which is extremely small, and energy consumption is small because an air supply pump is unnecessary.
【０００３】しかし、前述の如く汚水の浄化処理速度が
遅いため、実用化に際しては汚水の処理に長時間を要し
たり、浄化装置の小形化が困難で経済性に欠ける等の問
題が残ることになる。そのため、嫌気性生物処理方法の
みで汚水処理を行なうのは、特に高濃度の汚水や汚泥等
を処理する場合のみに限られており、生活排水や産業排
水等の浄化処理に於いては、主として好気性生物処理の
前段階処理として利用されているのが実情である（実公
昭６１−１０８００号等）。However, as described above, the purification speed of sewage is slow, and therefore it takes a long time to treat sewage in practical use, and it is difficult to miniaturize the sewage treatment apparatus, resulting in economical problems. become. Therefore, sewage treatment using only anaerobic biological treatment methods is limited only to the treatment of high-concentration sewage and sludge, and mainly in the purification treatment of domestic wastewater and industrial wastewater. The fact is that it is used as a pre-treatment for aerobic biological treatment (Jitsuko Sho 61-10800, etc.).
【０００４】このように、生活排水や産業排水等の浄化
処理の分野に於いては、未だ嫌気性生物処理方法だけで
汚水の浄化処理を行なうには至っておらず、その結果、
汚泥管理に手数を要したり、コンプレッサーによるエネ
ルギー消費を生ずる等の問題が依然として残されてい
る。As described above, in the field of purification treatment of domestic wastewater, industrial wastewater, etc., purification treatment of sewage has not yet been carried out only by the anaerobic biological treatment method, and as a result,
Problems such as sludge management requiring labor and energy consumption by the compressor still remain.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本願発明は、従前の生
活排水や産業排水等の処理に於ける上述の如き問題、即
ち、嫌気性生物処理方法と好気性生物処理方法とを組み
合せ使用しているため、嫌気性生物処理方法の優れた特
徴点を十分に活用し切れず、汚泥発生量の増加や消費エ
ネルギー量の増加等の様々な不都合が発生すると云う問
題を解決せんとするものであり、生活排水等の有機性汚
水を嫌気性生物処理方法だけで濾材の閉塞等のトラブル
を生ずることなく、しかも比較的小型の処理装置でもっ
て、所望のＢＯＤ除去率にまで高能率で連続処理できる
ようにした汚水の浄化装置を提供するものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention uses the above-mentioned problems in the treatment of conventional domestic wastewater, industrial wastewater, etc., that is, by combining the anaerobic biological treatment method and the aerobic biological treatment method. Therefore, it is to solve the problem that various inconveniences such as increase in sludge generation amount and energy consumption amount occur without being able to fully utilize the excellent features of the anaerobic biological treatment method. In addition, organic wastewater such as domestic wastewater can be continuously treated with a high efficiency even at a desired BOD removal rate with a relatively small treatment device without causing troubles such as clogging of the filter medium only by the anaerobic biological treatment method. The present invention provides a sewage purification device.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本願発明者等は、生活排
水等の有機性汚水を嫌気性生物処理方式により浄化する
のに際し、その浄化能力を向上させる方策として所謂生
物濾過処理の適用を着想した。そして、先ず濾材の閉
塞を生じないこと、汚泥の捕捉性が高かく、槽内の嫌
気性微生物濃度を高められること、捕捉された汚泥が
処理水流によって簡単に剥離されず、しかも水切りを行
なうことにより容易に剥離されること、の三条件を具備
する濾材の開発を行ない、その後開発された濾材を用い
て多数の汚水の浄化試験を繰り返した。本願発明は上記
多くの汚水の浄化試験の結果を基に開発されたものであ
り、従前の嫌気性生物処理と好気性生物処理の組合せに
係る処理装置とほぼ同容積の浄化装置でもって、流入量
１５ｌ／Ｈ、流入ＢＯＤ濃度２００ｍｇ／ｌの有機性汚
水を、ＢＯＤ除去率９２．５％（流出ＢＯＤ濃度１５ｍ
ｇ／ｌ）でもって連続的に浄化できる能力を備えた浄化
処理装置を開発したものである。Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present application have conceived application of so-called biological filtration treatment as a measure for improving the purification ability when purifying organic wastewater such as domestic wastewater by an anaerobic biological treatment system. did. First, the filter medium should not be clogged, the sludge trapping property should be high, the concentration of anaerobic microorganisms in the tank should be increased, and the trapped sludge should not be easily peeled off by the treated water stream, and drainage should be performed. A filter medium having three conditions of being easily peeled off was developed, and a large number of wastewater purification tests were repeated using the developed filter medium. The present invention was developed on the basis of the results of the above-mentioned many sewage purification tests, and with a purification device having substantially the same volume as the treatment device relating to the combination of the conventional anaerobic biological treatment and aerobic biological treatment, the inflow The amount of organic sewage having an amount of 15 l / H and an inflow BOD concentration of 200 mg / l was 92.5% for the BOD removal rate (outflow BOD concentration of 15 m
This is a development of a purification treatment device with the ability to continuously purify with g / l).
【０００７】即ち、本願請求項１に記載の発明は、発泡
樹脂製の凹凸部を有する小片から成る濾材を充填して形
成した生物濾過層を内部に備えた少なくとも２基の嫌気
性生物濾過槽と、前段の嫌気性生物濾過槽で濾過処理を
した汚水を後段の嫌気性生物濾過槽へ移送する流通路
と、最後段の嫌気性生物濾過槽で濾過処理した処理水の
一部を最前段の嫌気性生物濾過槽の濾過処理前の汚水内
へ戻す循環水路とを発明の基本構成とするものである。That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, at least two anaerobic biological filtration tanks each having a biological filtration layer formed by being filled with a filter medium composed of a small piece having an uneven portion made of foamed resin are provided inside. And a flow passage for transferring the sewage that has been filtered by the anaerobic biological filtration tank in the previous stage to the anaerobic biological filtration tank in the subsequent stage, and a part of the treated water that has been filtered by the anaerobic biological filtration tank in the final stage The circulating water channel for returning the anaerobic organism filtration tank into the wastewater before the filtration treatment is a basic constitution of the invention.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明の実施の形態】図１は本発明の第１実施態様を示
す縦断面図であり、図２乃至図６は本発明の浄化装置で
使用する濾材の斜面図である。図１に於いて、１は浄化
槽本体、２は第１嫌気性生物濾過槽、３は第２嫌気性生
物濾過槽、４は第３嫌気性生物濾過槽、５は消毒室、６
は第１生物濾過層、７は第２生物濾過層、８は第３生物
濾過層、９は移送ポンプ、１０は循環ポンプ、１１は循
環水路、１２は消毒薬剤、１３・１４・１５は隔壁板、
１６ａ・１６ｂはスクリーン板、１７は通路、１８は移
流孔、１９は通路、２０は流出堰である。1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 to 6 are oblique views of a filter medium used in a purifying device of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a septic tank main body, 2 is a first anaerobic biological filtration tank, 3 is a second anaerobic biological filtration tank, 4 is a third anaerobic biological filtration tank, 5 is a disinfection chamber, 6
Is a first biological filtration layer, 7 is a second biological filtration layer, 8 is a third biological filtration layer, 9 is a transfer pump, 10 is a circulation pump, 11 is a circulating water channel, 12 is a disinfectant, and 13 ・ 14 ・ 15 are partition walls. Board,
16a and 16b are screen plates, 17 is a passage, 18 is an advection hole, 19 is a passage, and 20 is an outflow weir.
【０００９】前記浄化槽本体１は合成樹脂材により形成
されており、汚水流入口１ａ、処理水流出口１ｂ、マン
ホール１ｃ、１ｄ、１ｅ等を夫々備えている。また、槽
本体１の内部は隔壁板１３、１４によって第１嫌気性生
物濾過槽２、第２嫌気性生物濾過槽３、第３嫌気性生物
濾過槽４に夫々区画されており、また、第３嫌気性生物
濾過槽４の上部には隔壁板１５により消毒室５が形成さ
れている。更に、前記各嫌気性生物濾過槽２、３、４内
には、後述するような特殊な形態の発泡樹脂製の小片よ
り成る濾材を所定の充填率で充填することにより形成し
た生物濾過層６、７、８が形成されており、これ等の生
物濾過層６、７、８内を汚水が流通することにより、所
謂嫌気性生物濾過処理が行なわれる。The septic tank body 1 is made of a synthetic resin material, and is provided with a sewage inlet 1a, a treated water outlet 1b, manholes 1c, 1d, 1e, etc., respectively. In addition, the inside of the tank body 1 is partitioned by partition plates 13 and 14 into a first anaerobic organism filtration tank 2, a second anaerobic organism filtration tank 3, and a third anaerobic organism filtration tank 4, respectively. A disinfection chamber 5 is formed by a partition plate 15 above the anaerobic organism filtration tank 4. Further, in each of the anaerobic biological filtration tanks 2, 3 and 4, a biological filtration layer 6 formed by filling a filter medium composed of a small piece of foamed resin of a special form as described later at a predetermined filling rate. , 7, 8 are formed, and so-called anaerobic biological filtration treatment is performed by circulating the sewage in these biological filtration layers 6, 7, 8.
【００１０】図２乃至図６は本発明で使用する濾材Ａの
斜面図を示すものであり、図２の濾材Ａ1 は所謂、発泡
スチロールや発泡ウレタン等の発泡樹脂材により正面視
がＳ字状の小片に形成されており、長さＬ＝１５〜５０
ｍｍ、幅Ｗ＝５〜３０ｍｍ、厚さＴ＝５〜３０ｍｍ程度
の外形寸法を有し且つ立体的な凹凸部Ｂを有する形態に
形成されている。また、前記図２の濾材Ａ1 は比較的大
きな外形寸法を有しているが、より小形のＳ字形濾材の
場合には、長さＬ＝５〜３０ｍｍ、幅Ｗ＝３〜１０ｍ
ｍ、厚さＴ＝３〜１０ｍｍの寸法を有する形態に形成さ
れている。2 to 6 are perspective views of a filter medium A used in the present invention. The filter medium A 1 in FIG. 2 is S-shaped in a front view due to a so-called foamed resin material such as styrene foam or urethane foam. It is formed into small pieces of length L = 15-50
mm, width W = 5 to 30 mm, thickness T = 5 to 30 mm, and the three-dimensional uneven portion B is formed. Further, although the filter medium A 1 in FIG. 2 has a relatively large outer dimension, in the case of a smaller S-shaped filter medium, the length L = 5 to 30 mm and the width W = 3 to 10 m.
m and thickness T = 3 to 10 mm.
【００１１】図３は正面視がひようたん形となるように
形成した濾材Ａ2 の斜面図であり、当該濾材Ａ2 では長
さＬ＝１５〜５０ｍｍ、幅Ｗ＝５〜３０ｍｍ、厚さＴ＝
５〜３０ｍｍに夫々選定されている。尚、図３に示した
濾材Ａ2 は大形のものであり、図示はしていないが当該
濾材Ａ2 と同形状で寸法が小形（Ｌ＝５〜３０ｍｍ、Ｗ
＝３〜１０ｍｍ、Ｔ＝３〜１０ｍｍ）のものも使用され
る。FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a filter medium A 2 formed so as to have a hinode shape when viewed from the front. The filter medium A 2 has a length L = 15 to 50 mm, a width W = 5 to 30 mm, and a thickness. T =
Each is selected to be 5 to 30 mm. The filter medium A 2 shown in FIG. 3 is a large one, and although not shown, it has the same shape as the filter medium A 2 and a small size (L = 5 to 30 mm, W
= 3 to 10 mm, T = 3 to 10 mm) are also used.
【００１２】図４は正面視が弓形を呈する形態の濾材Ａ
3 を示すものであり、大形の濾材は長さＬ＝１５〜５０
ｍｍ、幅Ｗ＝５〜３０ｍｍ、厚さＴ＝５〜３０ｍｍに、
また、小形の濾材Ａ3 はＬ＝５〜３０ｍｍ、Ｗ＝３〜１
０ｍｍ、Ｔ＝３〜１０ｍｍの形状に形成されている。FIG. 4 shows a filter medium A having a bow shape when viewed from the front.
3 shows a large filter medium having a length L = 15 to 50.
mm, width W = 5 to 30 mm, thickness T = 5 to 30 mm,
The small filter medium A 3 has L = 5 to 30 mm and W = 3-1.
It is formed in a shape of 0 mm and T = 3 to 10 mm.
【００１３】図５は正面視が鍵穴形を呈する形態の濾材
Ａ4 を示すものであり、大形の濾材Ａ4 は長さＬ＝１５
〜５０ｍｍ、幅Ｗ＝５〜３０ｍｍ、厚さＴ＝５〜３０ｍ
ｍに、また、小形の濾材Ａ4 はＬ＝５〜３０ｍｍ、Ｗ＝
３〜１０ｍｍ、厚さＴ＝３〜１０ｍｍの外形寸法に形成
されている。FIG. 5 shows a filter medium A 4 having a keyhole shape when viewed from the front, and the large filter medium A 4 has a length L = 15.
~ 50 mm, width W = 5-30 mm, thickness T = 5-30 m
m, and the small filter medium A 4 has L = 5 to 30 mm, W =
The outer dimensions are 3 to 10 mm and the thickness T is 3 to 10 mm.
【００１４】図６は正面視が鍔付ハット形を呈する形態
の濾材Ａ5 を示すものであり、大形の濾材Ａ5 は長さＬ
＝１５〜５０ｍｍ、幅Ｗ＝５〜３０ｍｍ、厚さＴ＝５〜
３０ｍｍに、また小形の濾材Ａ5 はＬ＝５〜３０ｍｍ、
Ｗ＝３〜１０ｍｍ、Ｔ＝３〜１０ｍｍの外形寸法に形成
されている。FIG. 6 shows a filter medium A 5 in the form of a hat with a collar when viewed from the front, and the large filter medium A 5 has a length L.
= 15-50 mm, width W = 5-30 mm, thickness T = 5
30 mm, and the small filter medium A 5 has L = 5 to 30 mm,
The external dimensions are W = 3 to 10 mm and T = 3 to 10 mm.
【００１５】尚、上記濾材Ａは、長さＬ＝１５〜５０ｍ
ｍ、幅Ｗ＝５〜３０ｍｍ、厚さＴ＝５〜３０ｍｍの外形
寸法（小形の濾材ではＬ＝５〜３０ｍｍ、Ｗ＝３〜１０
ｍｍ、Ｔ＝３〜１０ｍｍの外形寸法）であって凹凸部Ｂ
を有する立体状のものであれば、その正面視の形状は如
何なるものであってもよい。また、濾材Ａの外形寸法値
は、生物濾過層６、７、８を形成した場合の濾過層の閉
塞の発生頻度や嫌気性汚泥の捕促性等の点から選定され
たものであり、大形の濾材（Ｌ＝１５〜５０ｍｍ、Ｗ＝
５〜３０ｍｍ、Ｔ＝５〜３０ｍｍ）は前段部の生物濾過
層の形成に、また小形の濾材（Ｌ＝５〜３０ｍｍ、Ｗ＝
３〜１０ｍｍ、Ｔ＝３〜１０ｍｍ）は後段部の生物濾過
層の形成に最適な外形寸法を有するものである。更に、
濾材Ａの比重は水より若干軽いか、若しくは若干重いも
のが好都合であり、濾材の浮上や沈降を阻止するためス
クリーン材１６ａ、１６ｂの間に所定の充填率で充填さ
れている。The filter medium A has a length L = 15 to 50 m.
m, width W = 5 to 30 mm, thickness T = 5 to 30 mm (L = 5 to 30 mm for small filter media, W = 3 to 10)
mm, external dimensions of T = 3 to 10 mm) and the uneven portion B
As long as it has a three-dimensional shape, it may have any shape in a front view. Further, the outer dimension value of the filter medium A is selected from the viewpoints of the occurrence frequency of clogging of the filtration layers when the biological filtration layers 6, 7, and 8 are formed, the anaerobic sludge trapping property, and the like. Shaped filter media (L = 15-50mm, W =
5 to 30 mm, T = 5 to 30 mm) for forming the biological filtration layer in the front stage, and a small filter medium (L = 5 to 30 mm, W =
3 to 10 mm, T = 3 to 10 mm) has an optimum outer dimension for forming the biological filtration layer in the latter part. Furthermore,
The specific gravity of the filter medium A is preferably slightly lighter or slightly heavier than water, and is filled between the screen members 16a and 16b at a predetermined filling rate in order to prevent the filter medium from floating or settling.
【００１６】次に、本実施態様の汚水の浄化装置による
家庭排水の浄化について説明する。図１を参照して、浄
化槽本体１は全内容積が約３．０ｍ3 となるように形成
されており、第１生物濾過槽２の容積が１．２ｍ3 、第
２生物濾過槽３の容積が０．９ｍ3 、第３生物濾過槽４
の容積０．９ｍ3 に夫々選定されており、第１生物濾過
槽２には流量調整部が設けられている。Next, purification of domestic wastewater by the wastewater purification apparatus of this embodiment will be described. Referring to FIG. 1, septic tank body 1 is formed such that the total internal volume of about 3.0 m 3, the volume of the first biological filtration tank 2 is 1.2 m 3, the second biological filtration tank 3 The third biological filtration tank 4 with a volume of 0.9 m 3 .
Of which the volume of 0.9 m 3 are respectively selected, in the first biological filtration tank 2 flow rate adjusting section is provided.
【００１７】濾材Ａとして、第１濾過槽２内には、正面
視がＳ字形を呈する発泡性ポリスチロール製の濾材Ａ2
の大形のもの（前記図２に示した形態の濾材）が充填量
３０％でもって充填されており、また、第２濾過槽３内
に前記第１濾過槽２の濾材Ａ 2 と同一のものが充填量７
０％でもって、更に第３濾過槽４内には、発泡性ポリス
チロール製の濾材Ａ2 の小形のものが充填量７０％でも
って、夫々充填されている。As the filter medium A, the first filter tank 2 has a front surface.
Filter material A made of expandable polystyrene that has an S-shaped appearanceTwo
The large amount (the filter medium of the form shown in FIG. 2) is the filling amount.
It is filled with 30%, and inside the second filtration tank 3
To the filter material A of the first filtration tank 2 TwoThe same as the filling amount 7
With 0%, in the third filtration tank 4, foamable police
Filter material A made of styreneTwoEven if the filling amount is 70%
So, each is filled.
【００１８】尚、各濾材Ａは生物濾過槽の中央部に間隔
を置いて配設した上・下スクリーン１６ａ、１６ｂの間
に充填されており、多数の濾材Ａの集合体によって各生
物濾過層６、７、８が形成されている。また、前記充填
率は、各生物濾過槽の有効内容積と充填した濾材Ａの総
容積との比であって、充填された各濾材Ａ相互間の間隙
内に嫌気性汚泥が捕促・保持されることになる。即ち、
各濾材Ａ自体が有する凹凸部Ｂが、濾過層内の嫌気性汚
泥を捕促・保持するための間隙の形態を複雑なものと
し、これによって生物濾過層の閉塞が防止されると共
に、汚泥の捕促性が高められることになる。Each of the filter media A is filled between the upper and lower screens 16a and 16b which are arranged at intervals in the center of the biological filter tank. 6, 7, and 8 are formed. The filling rate is the ratio of the effective internal volume of each biological filtration tank to the total volume of the filled filter media A. The anaerobic sludge is trapped and held in the gaps between the filled filter media A. Will be done. That is,
The concavo-convex portion B of each filter medium A itself complicates the shape of the gap for trapping and holding the anaerobic sludge in the filtration layer, thereby preventing clogging of the biological filtration layer, and The attractiveness will be enhanced.
【００１９】前記流入する汚水（家庭用雑排水）のＢＯ
Ｄ濃度は平均で約２００ｍｇ／ｌであり、１ｍ3 ／ｄａ
ｙの割合で流入口１ａから第１嫌気性生物濾過槽２内へ
流入してくる。流入した汚水は第１生物濾過層６内を下
降流で通過することにより、第１回目の嫌気性生物濾過
処理を受け、その後移送ポンプ９により第２生物濾過槽
３内へ移流される。尚、第１嫌気性生物濾過槽２内に
は、前述の如く流量調整部が設けられており、高水位Ｈ
ｗと低水位Ｌｗ間が流量調整部を形成することになる。BO of the inflowing sewage (miscellaneous domestic wastewater)
The D concentration is about 200 mg / l on average and 1 m 3 / da
It flows into the first anaerobic organism filtration tank 2 from the inflow port 1a at a rate of y. The inflowing sewage passes through the first biological filtration layer 6 in a descending flow to be subjected to the first anaerobic biological filtration treatment, and then transferred to the second biological filtration tank 3 by the transfer pump 9. In addition, in the first anaerobic biological filtration tank 2, the flow rate adjusting unit is provided as described above, and the high water level H
A flow rate adjusting portion is formed between w and the low water level Lw.
【００２０】第１生物濾過層６の下方から第２生物濾過
槽３内へ移送された汚水は、通路板１７ａにより形成さ
れた通路１７内を下降し、第２生物濾過層７内を上向流
で通過し、ここで第２回目の嫌気性生物濾過処理を受け
たあと、移流孔１８を通して第３生物濾過槽４内へ入
り、通路板１９ａにより形成した通路１９を通してその
下方部へ至る。The sewage transferred from below the first biological filtration layer 6 into the second biological filtration tank 3 descends in the passage 17 formed by the passage plate 17a and rises in the second biological filtration layer 7. After passing through the second anaerobic organism filtration process in a flow, it enters the third organism filtration tank 4 through the advection hole 18 and reaches the lower portion thereof through the passage 19 formed by the passage plate 19a.
【００２１】第３生物濾過槽４の下方部へ至った汚水
は、引き続き上向流で第３生物濾過層８を通過する間に
第３回目の嫌気性生物濾過処理を受け、浄化処理された
処理水は流出堰２０を通して消毒室５へ流入する。又、
前記浄化処理水は消毒薬剤１２により消毒されたあと、
放出口１ｂを通して外部へ放流されて行く。一方、前記
第３嫌気性生物濾過槽４内の処理水は、循環ポンプ１０
によって第２生物濾過槽３へ戻されており、図１の装置
では、当該循環量は流入量Ｑの３倍に設定されている。The sewage reaching the lower part of the third biological filtration tank 4 is subjected to a third anaerobic biological filtration treatment while continuously passing through the third biological filtration layer 8 in an upward flow, and is purified. The treated water flows into the disinfection chamber 5 through the outflow weir 20. or,
After the purified water has been disinfected by the disinfectant agent 12,
It is discharged to the outside through the discharge port 1b. On the other hand, the treated water in the third anaerobic biological filtration tank 4 is the circulating pump 10
Is returned to the second biological filtration tank 3, and in the apparatus of FIG. 1, the circulation amount is set to 3 times the inflow amount Q.
【００２２】当該浄化装置で浄化を行なった場合、放出
処理水のＢＯＤ値は約２０ｍｇ／ｌ以下となり、約９０
％以上のＢＯＤ除去率が得られた。また、各濾過層６、
７、８の内部の間隙内には、嫌気性微生物を有する汚泥
（以下、嫌気性汚泥と呼ぶ）が多量に捕促保持されるこ
とになり、従前の嫌気濾床槽の場合に比較して格段に捕
促汚泥量が増大する。更に、本発明の生物濾過槽の場合
捕促された嫌気性汚泥は、処理水の流通速度が１．４ｍ
／Ｈ以下であれば、濾材Ａから全く剥離脱落しないこと
が判明している。When purification is carried out by the purification device, the BOD value of the discharged treated water becomes about 20 mg / l or less, which is about 90
A BOD removal rate of not less than% was obtained. In addition, each filter layer 6,
A large amount of sludge containing anaerobic microorganisms (hereinafter referred to as anaerobic sludge) is trapped and retained in the gaps inside 7, 8 in comparison with the case of the conventional anaerobic filter bed tank. The amount of trapped sludge increases significantly. Furthermore, in the case of the biological filtration tank of the present invention, the anaerobic sludge that has been promoted has a treated water flow rate of 1.4 m.
It has been proved that if it is / H or less, it does not peel off from the filter medium A at all.
【００２３】所定期間汚水の浄化が進行すると、マンホ
ールより吸水管を挿入し、各生物濾過槽２、３、４内の
汚水を３〜１０ｍ／Ｈｒ以上の水位下降率で外部へ抜き
出す。そうすると、各生物濾過層６、７、８内の捕促汚
泥は、その大部分が濾材Ａから脱離して濾過槽の下部へ
移動する。これによって生物濾過層６、７、８の逆洗が
行なわれる。When the purification of the sewage proceeds for a predetermined period, a water absorption pipe is inserted from the manhole and the sewage in the biological filtration tanks 2, 3 and 4 is extracted to the outside at a water level lowering rate of 3 to 10 m / Hr or more. Then, most of the trapped sludge in each of the biological filtration layers 6, 7, 8 is desorbed from the filter medium A and moves to the lower part of the filtration tank. As a result, the biological filtration layers 6, 7, 8 are backwashed.
【００２４】本発明の第２実施態様として、第１生物濾
過槽２の容積１．７ｍ3 、第２生物濾過槽３の容積１．
０ｍ3 、第３生物濾過槽４の容積１．４ｍ3 の浄化槽本
体１を形成し、第１濾過槽２へ前記ひょうたん形の発泡
スチロール製濾材（図３に記載の形態を有する濾材Ａ3
の大形のもの）を充填率２５％で、また、第２生物濾過
槽３へ同じ濾材Ａ3 を充填率６０％で、更に、第３生物
濾過槽４へ同形態の濾材Ａ3 の小形のものを充填率７０
％で、夫々充填した。そして、流入汚水のＢＯＤ濃度を
２００ｍｇ／ｌ、流入汚水量Ｑを１．４ｍ3／ｄａｙ、
循環ポンプ１０による循環水量を４Ｑ（流入量Ｑの４
倍）の条件下で汚水の浄化を連続的に行った。この時、
処理放水のＢＯＤ濃度は１５ｍｇ／ｌ以下となった。
尚、第１生物濾過槽２の流調部容積は５５０ｌに設定さ
れている。As a second embodiment of the present invention, the first biological filtration tank 2 has a volume of 1.7 m 3 and the second biological filtration tank 3 has a volume of 1.
0 m 3, a third form a septic tank body 1 volume 1.4 m 3 of biological filtration tank 4, filter media A 3 having the form described in the first the gourd-shaped styrofoam filter medium to the filtration tank 2 (Fig. 3
In the large ones) filling ratio of 25%. In addition, the second biological filtration tank 3 with a filling of 60% of the same medium A 3, further small filter media A 3 of the same embodiment to the third biological filtration tank 4 Filling rate 70
%, Respectively filled. Then, the BOD concentration of the inflow wastewater is 200 mg / l, the inflow wastewater amount Q is 1.4 m 3 / day,
The amount of water circulated by the circulation pump 10 is 4Q (4
The sewage was continuously purified under the condition of (2 times). At this time,
The BOD concentration of the treated effluent was 15 mg / l or less.
The volume of the flow control section of the first biological filtration tank 2 is set to 550 l.
【００２５】図７は本発明の第３実施態様を示す汚水浄
化装置の処理系統図であり、本実施態様では２基の嫌気
性生物濾過槽２１、２２を用いて汚水の浄化を行なって
いる。前記第１嫌気性生物濾過槽２１（２００ｍφ×２
ｍＨ）の内部には、発泡樹脂製のＳ字形を呈する濾材Ａ
1 であって長さＬ＝３４ｍｍ、幅Ｗ＝１６ｍｍ、厚さＴ
＝１６ｍｍのものが、充填率７０％で上・下スクリーン
板１６ａ、１６ｂ間に充填されており、これによって第
１嫌気性生物濾過層２３が形成されている。FIG. 7 is a processing system diagram of a wastewater purifying apparatus showing a third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, two anaerobic biological filtration tanks 21 and 22 are used to purify the wastewater. . The first anaerobic biological filtration tank 21 (200 mφ × 2
mH) has an S-shaped filter material A made of foamed resin inside
1 , length L = 34 mm, width W = 16 mm, thickness T
= 16 mm is filled between the upper and lower screen plates 16a and 16b at a filling rate of 70%, whereby the first anaerobic organism filtration layer 23 is formed.
【００２６】同様に、前記第２嫌気性生物濾過槽（２０
０ｍφ×２ｍＨ）２２の内部には、正面視がＳ字形で小
形の濾材Ａ2 （長さＬ＝１７ｍｍ、幅Ｗ＝８ｍｍ、厚さ
Ｔ＝８ｍｍ）が充填室７０％で上・下スクリーン板１６
ａ、１６ｂ間に充填されており、これによって第２嫌気
性生物濾過槽２４が形成されている。また、第２生物濾
過槽２２の処理水出口と第１生物濾過槽２１の汚水入口
との間は循環水路１１により連結されており、循環ポン
プ１０により循環水量２Ｑの汚水が循環されている。Similarly, the second anaerobic biological filtration tank (20
(0 mφ × 2 mH) 22 has a S-shaped front view and a small filter medium A 2 (length L = 17 mm, width W = 8 mm, thickness T = 8 mm) in the filling chamber 70%. 16
It is filled between a and 16b, and thereby the second anaerobic organism filtration tank 24 is formed. Further, the treated water outlet of the second biological filtration tank 22 and the sewage inlet of the first biological filtration tank 21 are connected by a circulating water channel 11, and a circulation pump 10 circulates a sewage of a circulating water amount 2Q.
【００２７】いま、流入汚水（生活排水）の流量Ｑ＝３
６０ｌ／日、ＢＯＤ濃度２００ｍｇ／ｌとし、循環水量
を２Ｑ＝７２０ｌ／日とすると、放出処理水のＢＯＤ濃
度は１５ｍｇ／ｌ以下、３６０ｌ／日となった。尚、こ
の時の汚水の濾過流速は１．４ｍ／Ｈ以下に設定されて
おり、その結果濾材Ａからの嫌気性汚泥の剥離は全く生
じなかつた。また、嫌気性生物濾過槽２３、２４の濾材
洗浄を行う場合には、各嫌気性生物濾過槽２１、２２の
下部に設けた逆洗弁２５、２６を開放し、槽内の汚水を
３〜１０ｍ／Ｈ以上の水位下降率で排出する。これによ
り、生物濾過層２３、２４内に捕促されていた嫌気性汚
泥は濾材Ａから剥離脱落し、生物濾過槽２１、２２の下
部へ沈降することにより、外部へ排出されて行く。Now, the inflow sewage (household wastewater) flow rate Q = 3
When the BOD concentration was 60 l / day, the BOD concentration was 200 mg / l, and the circulating water amount was 2Q = 720 l / day, the BOD concentration of the discharged treated water was 15 mg / l or less and 360 l / day. The filtration speed of the sewage at this time was set to 1.4 m / H or less, and as a result, separation of the anaerobic sludge from the filter medium A did not occur at all. In addition, when cleaning the filter medium of the anaerobic organism filtration tanks 23 and 24, the backwash valves 25 and 26 provided at the bottom of the anaerobic organism filtration tanks 21 and 22 are opened to remove the sewage in the tanks from 3 to 3. Discharge at a water level drop rate of 10 m / H or more. As a result, the anaerobic sludge that has been trapped in the biological filtration layers 23 and 24 is peeled off from the filter medium A and settles under the biological filtration tanks 21 and 22 to be discharged to the outside.
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】本発明に於いては、少なくとも２基の嫌
気性生物濾過槽の組み合せによって浄化装置を構成する
と共に、各嫌気性生物濾過槽の生物濾過層を凹凸部を有
する発泡樹脂製の小片から成る濾材を所定の充填率で充
填することにより形成するようにしている。その結果、
凹凸部を有する発泡樹脂製の小片の複雑な組み合せ体の
内部に、多量の嫌気性汚泥が捕促保持されることにな
り、槽内の嫌気性汚泥濃度が上昇して汚水の嫌気処理能
力が大幅に向上して、従前の嫌気性処理と好気性処理の
組み合せに係る浄化装置とほぼ同等の処理能力を発揮す
ることができる。即ち、本発明に於いては、嫌気性処理
のみで汚水の処理が行なえるため、汚泥の発生量が従前
の嫌気性・好気性処理の組み合せに係る浄化装置の約１
／５〜１／１０に減少すると共に、エアーの吹込みに要
するエネルギー消費も不要となり、経済性に優れた汚水
の浄化処理が可能となる。According to the present invention, the purifying device is constructed by combining at least two anaerobic biological filtration tanks, and the biological filtration layer of each anaerobic biological filtration tank is made of foamed resin having irregularities. It is formed by filling a filter medium composed of small pieces at a predetermined filling rate. as a result,
A large amount of anaerobic sludge will be captured and held inside the complex combination of small pieces made of foamed resin with irregularities, increasing the concentration of anaerobic sludge in the tank and increasing the anaerobic treatment capacity of wastewater. It is possible to greatly improve the performance of the purification apparatus which is almost the same as that of the purification apparatus according to the conventional combination of the anaerobic treatment and the aerobic treatment. That is, in the present invention, since the sewage treatment can be performed only by the anaerobic treatment, the amount of sludge generated is about 1 of that of the purification apparatus according to the conventional combination of the anaerobic / aerobic treatment.
The energy consumption required for blowing air becomes unnecessary, and the purification treatment of wastewater with excellent economical efficiency becomes possible.
【００２９】また、請求項２の発明に於いては、前段部
の嫌気性生物濾過槽の生物濾過層を比較的大きい目の、
また後段部の嫌気性生物濾過槽の生物濾過層を比較的小
さ目の濾材によって夫々形成しているため、生物濾過層
の閉塞等のトラブルを殆んど生ずることなしに、しかも
各生物濾過層に多量の嫌気性汚泥を捕促することがで
き、高い汚水処理能力が得られる。更に、請求項３の発
明に於いては、一基の浄化槽を用いて嫌気性生物濾過の
みによる小形の浄化装置を構成することができ、従前の
嫌気・好気処理の組み合せに係る浄化装置に優るとも劣
らない処理能力と経済性とを備えた浄化装置の製作が可
能となる。本発明は上述の通り優れた実用的効用を奏す
るものである。Further, in the invention of claim 2, the biological filtration layer of the anaerobic biological filtration tank in the preceding stage has a relatively large mesh size.
In addition, since the biological filter layers of the anaerobic biological filter tank in the latter part are formed by relatively small filter media, there is almost no trouble such as clogging of the biological filter layers, and each biological filter layer is A large amount of anaerobic sludge can be captured, and high sewage treatment capacity can be obtained. Further, according to the invention of claim 3, a small-sized purification device can be constructed by using only one septic tank and only the anaerobic biological filtration, and the purification device according to the conventional combination of anaerobic and aerobic treatment. It is possible to manufacture a purifying device having a processing capacity that is superior to or inferior to the economic efficiency. The present invention has excellent practical utility as described above.
【図１】本発明に係る汚水の浄化装置の縦断面図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a wastewater purification device according to the present invention.
【図２】本発明に係る汚水の浄化装置で使用するＳ形濾
材の斜面図である。FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an S-shaped filter medium used in the wastewater purification device according to the present invention.
【図３】ひようたん形の濾材の斜面図である。FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a hiyotan-shaped filter medium.
【図４】弓形の濾材の斜面図である。FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a bow-shaped filter medium.
【図５】鍵穴形の濾材の斜面図である。FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a keyhole-shaped filter medium.
【図６】鍔付ハット形の濾材の斜面図である。FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a hat-shaped filter medium with a collar.
【図７】本発明の第３態様に係る浄化装置の処理系統図
である。FIG. 7 is a processing system diagram of a purification device according to a third aspect of the present invention.
Ａは濾材、１は浄化槽本体、２は第１嫌気性生物濾過
槽、３は第２嫌気性生物濾過槽、４は第３嫌気性生物濾
過槽、５は消毒室、６は第１生物濾過層、７は第２生物
濾過層、８は第３生物濾過層、９は移送ポンプ、１０は
循環ポンプ、１１は循環水路、１２は消毒薬剤、１３・
１４・１５は隔壁板、１６ａ・１６ｂはスクリーン板、
１７は通路、１７ａは通路板、１８は移流孔、１９は通
路、１９ａは通路板、２０は流出堰、２１は第１嫌気性
生物濾過槽、２２は第２嫌気性生物濾過槽、２３は第１
生物濾過層、２４は第２生物濾過層、２５・２６は逆洗
弁。A is a filter medium, 1 is a septic tank main body, 2 is a first anaerobic biological filtration tank, 3 is a second anaerobic biological filtration tank, 4 is a third anaerobic biological filtration tank, 5 is a disinfection chamber, and 6 is a first biological filtration. Layer, 7 is the second biological filtration layer, 8 is the third biological filtration layer, 9 is a transfer pump, 10 is a circulation pump, 11 is a circulating water channel, 12 is a disinfectant, 13 ...
14 and 15 are partition plates, 16a and 16b are screen plates,
17 is a passage, 17a is a passage plate, 18 is an advection hole, 19 is a passage, 19a is a passage plate, 20 is an outflow weir, 21 is a first anaerobic organism filtration tank, 22 is a second anaerobic organism filtration tank, and 23 is First
Biological filtration layer, 24 is the second biological filtration layer, and 25 and 26 are backwash valves.
Claims (3)
る濾材を充填して形成した生物濾過槽を内部に備えた少
なくとも２基の嫌気性生物濾過槽と、前段の嫌気性生物
濾過槽で濾過処理をした汚水を後段の嫌気性生物濾過槽
へ移送する流通路と、最後段の嫌気性生物濾過槽で濾過
処理をした処理水の一部を前段の嫌気性生物濾過槽の濾
過処理前の汚水内へ戻す循環水路とから構成した汚水の
浄化装置。1. At least two anaerobic biological filtration tanks, each of which has a biological filtration tank formed by filling a filter medium composed of a small piece having a concavo-convex portion made of foamed resin, and an anaerobic biological filtration tank in the preceding stage. A flow passage that transfers the filtered sewage to the anaerobic biological filtration tank in the latter stage, and a part of the treated water that has been filtered in the final anaerobic biological filtration tank before the anaerobic biological filtration tank in the first stage Sewage purification device consisting of a circulating waterway that returns to the inside of the sewage.
を形成する濾材を長さ１５〜５０ｍｍ、幅５〜３０ｍ
ｍ、厚さ５〜３０ｍｍの外形寸法とすると共に、後段部
の嫌気性生物濾過槽の生物濾過層を形成する濾材を長さ
５〜３０ｍｍ、幅３〜１０ｍｍ、厚さ３〜１０ｍｍの外
形寸法とした請求項１に記載の汚水の浄化装置。2. A filter medium forming a biological filtration layer of an anaerobic biological filtration tank at a front stage is 15 to 50 mm long and 5 to 30 m wide.
m and a thickness of 5 to 30 mm, and a filter medium that forms a biological filtration layer of an anaerobic biological filtration tank in the latter part is 5 to 30 mm in length, 3 to 10 mm in width, and 3 to 10 mm in thickness. 2. The sewage purification device according to claim 1.
性生物濾過槽を形成し、最前段の嫌気性生物濾過槽に流
量調整部を設けると共に、汚水の流通路に移送ポンプ
を、また処理水の循環水路に循環ポンプを夫々設けるよ
うにした請求項１に記載の汚水の浄化装置。3. The inside of the septic tank main body is divided to form three anaerobic biological filtration tanks, a flow rate adjusting unit is provided in the frontmost anaerobic biological filtration tank, and a transfer pump is provided in the wastewater flow passage, The sewage purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a circulation pump is provided in each circulation channel of the treated water.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32664295A JPH09155383A (en) | 1995-12-15 | 1995-12-15 | Foul water purification device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32664295A JPH09155383A (en) | 1995-12-15 | 1995-12-15 | Foul water purification device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09155383A true JPH09155383A (en) | 1997-06-17 |
Family
ID=18190072
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32664295A Pending JPH09155383A (en) | 1995-12-15 | 1995-12-15 | Foul water purification device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH09155383A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101805059A (en) * | 2010-04-08 | 2010-08-18 | 朱向宏 | Improved unpowered type sewage biological purification device |
| US11247924B2 (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2022-02-15 | Dan Van Truong | Apparatus for treating wastewater and a system for collecting and treating wastewater combining rainwater drainage |
| JP2022036482A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2022-03-08 | 株式会社アールエコ | Sewage treatment apparatus, sewage treatment unit, and sewage treatment method |
-
1995
- 1995-12-15 JP JP32664295A patent/JPH09155383A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101805059A (en) * | 2010-04-08 | 2010-08-18 | 朱向宏 | Improved unpowered type sewage biological purification device |
| US11247924B2 (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2022-02-15 | Dan Van Truong | Apparatus for treating wastewater and a system for collecting and treating wastewater combining rainwater drainage |
| JP2022036482A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2022-03-08 | 株式会社アールエコ | Sewage treatment apparatus, sewage treatment unit, and sewage treatment method |
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