JPH09119284A - Excavating method for tunnel - Google Patents
Excavating method for tunnelInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09119284A JPH09119284A JP30077895A JP30077895A JPH09119284A JP H09119284 A JPH09119284 A JP H09119284A JP 30077895 A JP30077895 A JP 30077895A JP 30077895 A JP30077895 A JP 30077895A JP H09119284 A JPH09119284 A JP H09119284A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- reaction force
- synthetic resin
- tunnel
- receiving member
- force receiving
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明はトンネル掘削機によ
ってパイロット坑を掘削したのち、該パイロット坑を拡
大するトンネル掘削方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel excavating method for excavating a pilot pit with a tunnel excavator and then expanding the pilot pit.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来から、例えば岩盤層の地山に水力発
電所の傾斜水路を築造する場合、まずトンネル掘削機に
よって斜坑（パイロット坑）を掘削したのち、該斜坑の
周辺地盤を掘削して傾斜水路用の拡大トンネルとするこ
とが行われている。このようなトンネル掘削方法におい
て、上記斜坑を掘削する際に、トンネル掘削機の滑落や
掘削壁面が崩壊する虞れがあるので、トンネル掘削機の
後方における斜坑掘削壁面に反力支持部材を添設して鋼
製ロックボルトにより固定し、この反力支持部材にトン
ネル掘削機の推進反力を支持させながら斜坑掘削を行っ
ている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, when constructing a sloped channel of a hydroelectric power plant in a rock formation, first a tunnel excavator is used to excavate an inclined shaft (pilot shaft), and then the ground surrounding the inclined shaft is excavated. It is being used as an enlarged tunnel for sloping waterways. In such a tunnel excavation method, when excavating the oblique shaft, there is a risk that the tunnel excavator may slip or the excavation wall may collapse, so a reaction force support member is attached to the oblique excavation wall surface behind the tunnel excavator. Then, it is fixed by a steel rock bolt, and the inclined shaft excavation is performed while the reaction force supporting member supports the propulsion reaction force of the tunnel excavator.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、反力支
持部材を鋼製ロックボルトにより斜坑壁面に固定してお
くと、斜坑を拡大掘削して大径の傾斜水路を築造する場
合に、鋼製ロックボルトが斜坑周辺地盤に打設、定着し
ているために、トンネル掘削機では切り拡げていくこと
ができない。従って、斜坑を発破工法によって拡大掘削
しているが、この場合においても、地盤を***する毎に
露出する鋼ロックボルトの切断、除去処理を必要とし、
拡大トンネルの掘削作業に手間を要して作業能率が低下
するといった問題点がある。本発明はこのような問題点
を根本的に解消し得るトンネル掘削方法の提供を目的と
するものである。However, if the reaction force support member is fixed to the wall surface of the inclined shaft by the steel lock bolt, the steel lock is used when the inclined shaft is enlarged and excavated to construct a large-diameter inclined water channel. Since the bolts have been set and fixed in the ground around the inclined shaft, they cannot be cut and expanded by the tunnel excavator. Therefore, although the inclined shaft is expanded and excavated by the blasting method, even in this case, it is necessary to cut and remove the exposed steel rock bolt each time the ground is blasted,
There is a problem that it takes time and effort to excavate the expanded tunnel, and the work efficiency decreases. An object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel excavation method capable of fundamentally solving such problems.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、本発明のトンネル掘削方法は、トンネル掘削機によ
って掘削されたトンネル壁面に沿って反力受部材を配設
し、この反力受部材に穿設しているボルト挿通孔を通じ
て合成樹脂製ロックボルトをトンネル外周方の地盤に打
設、定着することにより反力受部材を固定したのち、該
反力受部材に上記トンネル掘削機側からの反力を支持さ
せながらパイロット坑を掘削し、このパイロット坑の掘
削後、反力受部材を撤去して上記合成樹脂製ロックボル
トを破砕しながら拡大トンネルを掘削することを特徴と
するものである。In order to achieve the above object, a tunnel excavation method of the present invention is arranged such that a reaction force receiving member is disposed along a wall surface of a tunnel excavated by a tunnel excavator, and the reaction force receiving member is disposed. After fixing the reaction force receiving member by setting and fixing a synthetic resin lock bolt on the ground around the tunnel through a bolt insertion hole formed in the member, the tunnel excavator side is attached to the reaction force receiving member. It is characterized by excavating a pilot pit while supporting the reaction force from the pit, and after digging the pilot pit, removing the reaction force receiving member and digging the enlarged tunnel while crushing the synthetic resin rock bolt. Is.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明の実施の形態】トンネル掘削機によって一定長の
パイロット坑が掘削される毎に、該パイロット坑の壁面
に鋼製の反力受部材を沿わせて該反力受部材に穿設して
いるボルト挿通孔を通じてＦＲＰ樹脂等の強化樹脂より
なる合成樹脂製ロックボルトをパイロット坑周辺地盤に
打ち込み、該合成樹脂製ロックボルトを掘削壁面に定着
させることにより反力受部材を固定すると共にこの反力
受部材を既に固定している後方側の反力受部材に連結す
る。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Whenever a pilot pit of a certain length is drilled by a tunnel excavator, a reaction force receiving member made of steel is provided along the wall surface of the pilot pit to pierce the reaction force receiving member. A synthetic resin rock bolt made of a reinforced resin such as FRP resin is driven into the ground around the pilot pit through the bolt insertion hole, and the synthetic resin rock bolt is fixed to the excavation wall surface to fix the reaction force receiving member and The force receiving member is connected to the rear reaction force receiving member which is already fixed.
【０００６】しかるのち、反力受部材にトンネル掘削機
側からの反力を支持させてパイロット坑を掘削するもの
であるが、その反力は反力受部材を介して合成樹脂製ロ
ックボルトを剪断しようとする方向に作用する。合成樹
脂製ロックボルトは大きな耐引張力を有しているが、耐
剪断力は極めて小さく、そのため、合成樹脂製ロックボ
ルトをパイロット坑の長さ方向に対して直角方向に打ち
込んで定着させると、反力受部材を介して該合成樹脂ロ
ックボルトの定着部分に剪断力のみが大きく作用してト
ンネル掘削機側からの反力を強固に支持することができ
なくなる。Then, the reaction force receiving member supports the reaction force from the tunnel excavator side to excavate the pilot pit. The reaction force is generated by the synthetic resin rock bolt through the reaction force receiving member. It acts in the direction of shearing. The synthetic resin rock bolt has a large tensile strength, but the shear resistance is extremely small.Therefore, if the synthetic resin rock bolt is driven in the direction perpendicular to the length of the pilot shaft to fix it, Only the shearing force largely acts on the fixing portion of the synthetic resin lock bolt via the reaction force receiving member, so that the reaction force from the tunnel excavator side cannot be firmly supported.
【０００７】従って、請求項２の発明に記載しているよ
うに、合成樹脂製ロックボルトをトンネル掘削機側に向
かって斜め前方方向に傾斜（例えば45度に) させた状態
でトンネル外周地盤に打設、定着させることにより、該
合成樹脂製ロックボルトのもつ大きな耐引張力によって
トンネル掘削機側からの反力を支持させることが好まし
い。Therefore, as described in the invention of claim 2, the rock bolt made of a synthetic resin is inclined to the tunnel excavator side in the oblique forward direction (for example, at 45 degrees) to the outer peripheral ground of the tunnel. It is preferable that the reaction force from the tunnel excavator side is supported by the large tensile resistance of the synthetic resin lock bolt by driving and fixing.
【０００８】さらに、請求項３又は請求項４に記載した
ように、反力受部材に設けたボルト挿通孔と該ボルト挿
通孔に挿通している合成樹脂製ロックボルトの外周面と
の間に、一定間隔の空間部を設けておくか、定着地盤の
壁面部分における該合成樹脂製ロックボルトの基端部と
定着地盤との間に合成樹脂製ロックボルトの撓みを許容
する空隙部を設けておくことによって、トンネル掘削機
側からの反力による剪断作用力が反力受部材から合成樹
脂製ロックボルトに直接伝達しないように構成しておく
ことが好ましい。Further, as described in claim 3 or 4, between the bolt insertion hole provided in the reaction force receiving member and the outer peripheral surface of the synthetic resin lock bolt inserted in the bolt insertion hole. , A space is provided at a constant interval, or a gap is formed between the base end of the synthetic resin lock bolt and the fixing ground in the wall surface of the fixing ground to allow the bending of the synthetic resin lock bolt. Therefore, it is preferable that the shearing force due to the reaction force from the tunnel excavator side is not directly transmitted from the reaction force receiving member to the synthetic resin rock bolt.
【０００９】こうして、トンネル掘削機によってパイロ
ット坑を掘削したのち、次に、該パイロット坑の外周地
盤を掘削して拡大トンネルを築造する。その際、パイロ
ット坑の壁面に固定している反力受部材を合成樹脂製ロ
ックボルトから取り外して撤去したのち、トンネル掘削
機によって、或いは発破工法によってパイロット坑の外
周地盤を掘削する。この掘削時にはロックボルトは合成
樹脂製であるから、掘削と同時に容易に切断、破砕さ
れ、拡大掘削が能力よく行えるものである。After excavating the pilot pit with the tunnel excavator in this manner, the outer peripheral ground of the pilot pit is then excavated to construct an enlarged tunnel. At that time, the reaction force receiving member fixed to the wall of the pilot pit is removed from the synthetic resin lock bolt and removed, and then the outer ground of the pilot pit is excavated by a tunnel excavator or a blasting method. Since the rock bolt is made of synthetic resin during this excavation, it can be easily cut and crushed at the same time as the excavation, and the expanded excavation can be performed efficiently.
【００１０】[0010]
【実施例】本発明の実施例を図面について説明すると、
まず、図１に示すように、トンネル掘削機１によって岩
盤層からなる地山に水力発電所の傾斜通路２を形成する
ためのパイロット坑（斜坑）３を掘削する。トンネル掘
削機１は、図２に示すように、そのスキンプレートを前
胴体1aと後胴体1bとに分割して前胴体1aの後端部に後胴
体1bをシール材を介して前後摺動自在に被嵌させると共
に前胴体1aの開口前端に配設したカッターヘッド1cを機
内に配設した駆動モータ1dにより回転駆動させるように
し、上記前後胴体1a、1b間の複数個所をスラストジャッ
キ1eにより連結すると共に後胴体1bの内周面四方に推進
ジャッキ1fを配設し、さらに、前後胴体1a、1bの周壁に
は周方向に適宜間隔毎に内部側から油圧シリンダーによ
って外周面側に出没するグリッパ1g、1hをそれぞれ配設
してなるものである。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
First, as shown in FIG. 1, a tunnel excavator 1 excavates a pilot pit (oblique pit) 3 for forming a sloping passage 2 of a hydroelectric power plant in a rocky rock formation. As shown in FIG. 2, the tunnel excavator 1 has its skin plate divided into a front body 1a and a rear body 1b, and a rear body 1b can freely slide forward and backward through a sealing material at a rear end portion of the front body 1a. The cutter head 1c disposed at the front end of the opening of the front body 1a is driven to rotate by the drive motor 1d disposed inside the machine, and the thrust jacks 1e connect a plurality of positions between the front and rear bodies 1a and 1b. At the same time, propulsion jacks 1f are arranged on the four sides of the inner surface of the rear body 1b, and further, on the peripheral walls of the front and rear bodies 1a, 1b, grippers appearing and retracting from the inner side to the outer peripheral side by hydraulic cylinders at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction. 1g and 1h are arranged respectively.
【００１１】トンネル掘削機１により地盤中に斜め上方
に向かうパイロット坑３を掘削するには、公知のよう
に、その後胴体1aに設けたグリッパ1hをパイロット坑３
の掘削壁面Ａに向かって突出させて該壁面に圧着させる
一方、前胴体1a側のグリッパ1gを収縮させて掘削壁面Ａ
から離間させた状態とし、この状態でカッターヘッド1c
を回転させると共にスラストジャッキ1eを伸長させて後
胴体1b側に掘進反力を支持させながら前胴体1aを推進さ
せ、岩盤を掘削する。In order to excavate the pilot pit 3 obliquely upward in the ground by the tunnel excavator 1, as is well known, the gripper 1h provided on the fuselage 1a is then installed in the pilot pit 3 as is well known.
Of the excavation wall surface A while contracting the gripper 1g on the front body 1a side
And the cutter head 1c in this state.
And the thrust jack 1e is extended and the front body 1a is propelled while supporting the excavation reaction force on the rear body 1b side to excavate the rock mass.
【００１２】一定長のパイロット坑３の掘削後、前胴体
1a側のグリッパ1gを突出させて掘削壁面Ａに圧着させる
一方、後胴体1b側のグリッパ1hを収縮させ、しかるのち
スライドジャッキ1eを収縮方向に作動させることによっ
て後胴体1bを前胴体1a側に引き寄せる。この際、スライ
ドジャッキ1eの収縮量に応じて推進ジャッキ1fを伸長さ
せ、そのロッド端面を掘削壁面Ａに沿って固定した反力
受部材４に受止させることにより、トンネル掘削機１が
パイロット坑３内で滑落するのを阻止すると共に上記後
胴体1b側のグリッパ1hと共にシールド掘削機１の推進反
力を受止する。After excavation of a certain length of pilot pit 3, the front fuselage
The gripper 1g on the 1a side is projected and pressed against the excavation wall surface A, while the gripper 1h on the rear body 1b side is contracted, and then the slide jack 1e is operated in the contraction direction to move the rear body 1b to the front body 1a side. Attract. At this time, the propulsion jack 1f is extended according to the contraction amount of the slide jack 1e, and the rod end surface of the propulsion jack 1f is received by the reaction force receiving member 4 fixed along the excavation wall surface A. It prevents slipping in 3 and receives the propulsive reaction force of the shield excavator 1 together with the gripper 1h on the rear body 1b side.
【００１３】上記作動を繰り返し行ってパイロット坑３
を掘進している一方、一定長のパイロット坑３が掘削さ
れる毎に、該掘削壁面Ａにモルタルを吹きつけたのち、
図５、図６に示すように、このモルタル層Ｂ上に接して
反力受部材４を固定する。なお、モルタル層Ｂを設ける
ことなく掘削壁面Ａに直接、反力受部材４を接した状態
で配設してもよい。By repeating the above operation, the pilot pit 3
While digging, the mortar is sprayed on the excavated wall surface A every time a certain length of the pilot pit 3 is excavated,
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the reaction force receiving member 4 is fixed in contact with the mortar layer B. It should be noted that the reaction force receiving member 4 may be disposed directly on the excavation wall surface A without providing the mortar layer B.
【００１４】この反力受部材４は図４に示すように、外
面が幅方向に掘削壁面Ａに沿う凸弧状に彎曲した一定長
さの矩形状の中空セグメント形状に形成されてあり、そ
の幅方向の両側端部を外側方に開口したコ字状枠材4a、
4aによって形成して該枠材4aの開口端の中間部分に複数
個のボルト取付孔5aを設けた継ぎプレート５を固着して
いると共に枠材4a、4aの前後端面に同じくボルト取付孔
6aを設けた連結用プレート６を固着してある。さらに、
両側枠材4a、4aの内外面側の板片4b、4cに合成樹脂製ロ
ックボルト７の挿通孔8a、8bをそれぞれ設けてなるもの
である。As shown in FIG. 4, the reaction force receiving member 4 is formed in the shape of a rectangular hollow segment having a constant length, the outer surface of which is curved in a convex arc shape along the excavation wall surface A in the width direction. U-shaped frame member 4a with both ends in the direction open outward,
A joint plate 5 formed by 4a and provided with a plurality of bolt mounting holes 5a in the middle of the open end of the frame member 4a is fixed, and the same bolt mounting holes are formed on the front and rear end faces of the frame members 4a, 4a.
The connecting plate 6 provided with 6a is fixed. further,
Insertion holes 8a, 8b for the synthetic resin lock bolt 7 are provided in the plate pieces 4b, 4c on the inner and outer surface sides of the both-side frame members 4a, 4a, respectively.
【００１５】そして、トンネル掘削機１の推進ジャッキ
1fの後方に対応させて反力受部材４を外面側が掘削壁面
Ａに接する方向に向けて配設し、その後端面を既に掘削
壁面Ａに固定している後方側の反力受部材４の前面に当
接、受止させて互いに対向した連結用プレート６、６同
士を、図５、図６に示すようにボルト取付孔6a、6a間を
ボルト13で連結することによって一体的に固着すると共
に、周方向に隣接する反力受部材４、４においては、対
向する枠材4a、4aに固着した継ぎプレート５、５間に、
図３に示すように、掘削壁面Ａに沿って彎曲した継ぎ材
９を配設し、この継ぎ材９の両端を継ぎプレート５、５
のボルト取付孔5a、5aにボルト（図示せず）で連結す
る。The propulsion jack of the tunnel excavator 1
The front surface of the reaction force receiving member 4 on the rear side in which the reaction force receiving member 4 is arranged so as to correspond to the rear of 1f in the direction in which the outer surface side contacts the excavation wall surface A, and the rear end face thereof is already fixed to the excavation wall surface A. The connecting plates 6 and 6 which are brought into contact with and received by and are opposed to each other are integrally fixed by connecting the bolt mounting holes 6a and 6a with bolts 13 as shown in FIGS. In the circumferentially adjacent reaction force receiving members 4 and 4, between the joint plates 5 and 5 fixed to the opposing frame members 4a and 4a,
As shown in FIG. 3, a curved joint material 9 is arranged along the excavated wall surface A, and both ends of the joint material 9 are connected to the joint plates 5 and 5.
Bolts (not shown) are connected to the bolt mounting holes 5a, 5a.
【００１６】また、これらの反力受部材４を掘削壁面Ａ
に固定するには、図５に示すように上記挿通孔8a、8bの
中心線の延長方向に掘削壁面Ａの周辺地盤に対して一定
深さのボルト挿入孔10を適宜な岩盤穿孔機（図示せず）
により放射状に掘削し、挿通孔8a、8bから合成樹脂製ロ
ックボルト７を該挿入孔10内に挿入、打設したのち、合
成樹脂製ロックボルト７と挿入孔10との間の隙間にモル
タルＢを充填、硬化させることによってボルト７を周辺
地盤に固定すると共に、反力受部材４の内側の挿通孔8a
から突出したボルト７の突出端部に挿通孔8aよりも大径
の座金11を挿通して該座金11を挿通孔8aの周囲の外面に
当接させた状態でロックナット12を合成樹脂製ロックボ
ルト７の基端部に形成した大径螺子部7aに螺着すること
によりボルト７の端部を反力受部材４の外面に定着させ
るものである。The reaction force receiving member 4 is attached to the excavation wall surface A.
In order to fix it to the ground, as shown in FIG. 5, a suitable rock drilling machine is provided with a bolt insertion hole 10 having a constant depth with respect to the surrounding ground of the excavation wall A in the extension direction of the center lines of the through holes 8a and 8b. (Not shown)
Then, the synthetic resin lock bolt 7 is inserted into the insertion hole 10 through the insertion holes 8a and 8b and driven, and then the mortar B is placed in the gap between the synthetic resin lock bolt 7 and the insertion hole 10. The bolt 7 is fixed to the surrounding ground by filling and hardening it, and the insertion hole 8a inside the reaction force receiving member 4 is also provided.
The washer 11 having a diameter larger than that of the insertion hole 8a is inserted into the protruding end of the bolt 7 protruding from the lock nut 12 with the washer 11 abutting the outer surface around the insertion hole 8a. The end portion of the bolt 7 is fixed to the outer surface of the reaction force receiving member 4 by being screwed onto the large-diameter screw portion 7a formed at the base end portion of the bolt 7.
【００１７】合成樹脂製ロックボルト７としては、不飽
和ポリエステル樹脂やエポキシ樹脂等の熱硬化性樹脂
や、熱可塑性樹脂で固着した繊維強化合成樹脂等の耐引
張強度に優れたＦＲＰ樹脂製のボルトが使用され、その
外周に全長に亘って螺旋突条又は螺子山7bを形成してあ
り、該螺旋突条又は螺子山7bにより上記モルタルＢとの
固着性を良好にしていると共に基端部を該螺旋突条又は
螺子山7bよりも大径の上記螺子部7aに形成しているもの
である。As the synthetic resin rock bolt 7, a thermosetting resin such as unsaturated polyester resin or epoxy resin, or a FRP resin bolt excellent in tensile strength such as fiber reinforced synthetic resin fixed with a thermoplastic resin is used. Is used, and a spiral ridge or screw thread 7b is formed on the outer circumference thereof over the entire length. The spiral ridge or screw thread 7b improves the adhesiveness to the mortar B and the base end It is formed on the screw portion 7a having a diameter larger than that of the spiral projection or the screw thread 7b.
【００１８】この合成樹脂製ロックボルト７を挿通させ
る上記反力受部材４の枠材4aに穿設したボルト挿通孔8
a、8bにおいて、図５に示すように、反力受部材４の凹
弧状に屈曲した内面側、即ち、掘削壁面Ａに接しない板
片4bに設けている挿通孔8aは、反力受部材４の凸弧状に
屈曲した外面側、即ち、掘削壁面Ａに接する板片4cに設
けている挿通孔8bよりも小径に形成されてあり、上述し
たように、この挿通孔8aから突出したボルト端部の螺子
部7aに座金11を介してロックナット12を螺着することに
より反力受部材４の外面に定着させるように構成してい
る。A bolt insertion hole 8 formed in the frame member 4a of the reaction force receiving member 4 through which the synthetic resin lock bolt 7 is inserted.
In a and 8b, as shown in FIG. 5, the inner side of the reaction force receiving member 4 bent in a concave arc shape, that is, the insertion hole 8a provided in the plate piece 4b not in contact with the excavation wall surface A is the reaction force receiving member. 4 is formed in a smaller diameter than the insertion hole 8b provided in the convex arc-shaped outer surface side, that is, the plate piece 4c in contact with the excavation wall surface A, and as described above, the bolt end protruding from this insertion hole 8a. The lock nut 12 is screwed to the screw portion 7a of the portion via the washer 11 so that the lock nut 12 is fixed to the outer surface of the reaction force receiving member 4.
【００１９】この定着構造において、トンネル掘削機１
による掘削作業中の該トンネル掘削機側からの反力は、
推進ジャッキ1fを介して合成樹脂製ロックボルト７によ
り固定された反力受部材４に受止させているが、その
際、反力受部材４がトンネル掘削機１側からの反力（押
圧力）によって掘削壁面Ａの長さ方向に後方へ移動させ
られる作用力を受け、この作用力が合成樹脂製ロックボ
ルト７の定着部に対して剪断力として作用し、合成樹脂
製ロックボルト７の基端部、即ち、掘削壁面Ａから定着
部間における反力受部材４のコ字状枠材4a内に露出して
いる基端部が、掘削壁面Ａ（該ボルト７の打設部周囲に
充填したボルト固着用モルタルＢの露出表面）を支点と
してその剪断作用力方向に撓むことになる。In this fixing structure, the tunnel excavator 1
The reaction force from the tunnel excavator side during excavation work by
The reaction force receiving member 4 fixed by the synthetic resin lock bolt 7 is received via the propulsion jack 1f. At this time, the reaction force receiving member 4 receives the reaction force (pressing force from the tunnel excavator 1 side). ), The acting force is moved rearward in the length direction of the excavation wall surface A, and this acting force acts as a shearing force on the fixing portion of the synthetic resin lock bolt 7, and the base of the synthetic resin lock bolt 7 is received. The end portion, that is, the base end portion exposed in the U-shaped frame member 4a of the reaction force receiving member 4 between the excavation wall surface A and the fixing portion is filled in the excavation wall surface A (the periphery of the driving portion of the bolt 7 is filled). The exposed surface of the bolt fixing mortar B) is used as a fulcrum to bend in the direction of the shearing force.
【００２０】この撓みによってボルト７の基端部が掘削
壁面Ａ側に沿った反力受部材４のコ字状部材4aの板片4c
に設けている挿通孔8bに当接すると、剪断力によって切
断される虞れがあるので、その当接が生じないように、
即ち、ボルト定着部側からの剪断力の伝達を断つよう
に、該挿通孔8bを上記内面側の挿通孔8aよりも大径に形
成して合成樹脂製ロックボルト７と挿通孔8bとの間に一
定間隔の空間部14を設けているものである。Due to this bending, the base end portion of the bolt 7 extends along the side of the excavation wall surface A, and the plate piece 4c of the U-shaped member 4a of the reaction force receiving member 4 is formed.
If it comes into contact with the insertion hole 8b provided in, there is a risk of cutting due to shearing force.
That is, the insertion hole 8b is formed to have a larger diameter than the insertion hole 8a on the inner surface side so that the transmission of the shearing force from the bolt fixing portion side is interrupted, and the insertion hole 8b is formed between the synthetic resin lock bolt 7 and the insertion hole 8b. A space 14 is provided at a constant interval.
【００２１】このような剪断力の伝達遮断手段は、反力
受部材４の内面側のボルト挿通孔8aを定着部とすること
なく、図６に示すように、反力受部材４のコ字状枠材4a
の内面側の板片4bを一定大きさだけ切除して外面側の板
片4c上に定着部を設けた場合には、該板片4cに設けたボ
ルト挿通孔8bを合成樹脂製ロックボルト７の上記挿入孔
10の径と等しく形成すると共に、該挿入孔10にボルト固
着用モルタルＢを充填する際に、挿入孔10の開口端から
一定長さ部分にモルタルＢを充填しないようにして、合
成樹脂製ロックボルト７の基端部と該挿入孔10の開口部
との間に空間部15を設けた構造とする。Such a shearing force transmission blocking means does not use the bolt insertion hole 8a on the inner surface side of the reaction force receiving member 4 as a fixing portion, but as shown in FIG. Frame material 4a
When the plate piece 4b on the inner surface side is cut by a certain size to provide the fixing portion on the plate piece 4c on the outer surface side, the bolt insertion hole 8b provided on the plate piece 4c is formed into the lock bolt 7 made of synthetic resin. Insert hole above
The lock is made of a synthetic resin so as to have a diameter equal to that of 10 and to prevent the mortar B from being filled in a certain length from the opening end of the insertion hole 10 when the insertion hole 10 is filled with the bolt fixing mortar B A space 15 is provided between the base end of the bolt 7 and the opening of the insertion hole 10.
【００２２】このように構成すると、反力受部材４に座
金９とロックナット12によって一体に固着した合成樹脂
製ロックボルト７の定着部に、上記のようなトンネル掘
削機１側からの反力による剪断方向の作用力が作用する
と、該合成樹脂製ロックボルト７の基端部は空間部15内
においてモルタルＢの表面部分を支点として撓むことが
可能となり、その撓みによって剪断力を吸収してボルト
７の剪断による切断を防止し得るものである。With this structure, the reaction force from the tunnel excavator 1 side is applied to the fixing portion of the synthetic resin lock bolt 7 integrally fixed to the reaction force receiving member 4 by the washer 9 and the lock nut 12. When the acting force in the shearing direction is applied, the base end portion of the synthetic resin lock bolt 7 can be bent in the space 15 with the surface portion of the mortar B as a fulcrum, and the bending force absorbs the shearing force. The bolt 7 can be prevented from being cut by shearing.
【００２３】また、掘削壁面Ａの外周地盤に放射状に穿
設される合成樹脂製ロックボルト７の挿入孔10は、掘削
壁面Ａからトンネル長さ方向に対して直角方向に設けて
おいてもよいが、掘削壁面Ａからトンネル長さ方向に対
してトンネル掘削機１の掘進方向に向かって一定の傾斜
角度でもって穿設しておき、図１に示すように、この挿
通孔10に挿入、打設した合成樹脂製ロックボルト７を反
力受部材４からトンネル掘削機１側に向かって傾斜させ
た状態で定着させるように構成することが望ましい。こ
の場合、反力受部材４のコ字状枠材4aの内外板片4b、4c
に設けているボルト挿通孔8a、8bにおいて、内側の板片
4bに設けたボルト挿通孔8aを反力受部材４の後端寄り部
分に、外側の板片4cに設けたボルト挿通孔8bを反力受部
材４の中央寄り部分に位置させて合成樹脂製ロックボル
ト７を上記のように反力受部材４から斜め前方に向かっ
て掘削壁面Ａの周辺地盤に打ち込みが行えるようにして
いる。Further, the insertion holes 10 of the synthetic resin rock bolts 7 radially formed in the outer ground of the excavated wall surface A may be provided in a direction perpendicular to the tunnel length direction from the excavated wall surface A. Is drilled at a constant inclination angle from the excavation wall surface A in the tunnel length direction toward the excavation direction of the tunnel excavator 1, and as shown in FIG. It is desirable that the provided synthetic resin lock bolt 7 be fixed in a state of being inclined from the reaction force receiving member 4 toward the tunnel excavator 1 side. In this case, the inner and outer plate pieces 4b and 4c of the U-shaped frame member 4a of the reaction force receiving member 4
In the bolt insertion holes 8a, 8b provided on the
The bolt insertion hole 8a provided in 4b is located at the rear end portion of the reaction force receiving member 4, and the bolt insertion hole 8b provided in the outer plate piece 4c is located at the central portion of the reaction force receiving member 4 and is made of synthetic resin. As described above, the lock bolt 7 can be driven from the reaction force receiving member 4 obliquely forward to the ground around the excavated wall surface A.
【００２４】このように構成すると、トンネル掘削機１
側からの反力が反力受部材４を介して合成樹脂製ロック
ボルト７に剪断方向と引張方向とに分力して支持させる
ことができ、合成樹脂製ロックボルト７の定着部に掛か
る剪断力を小さくして引張強度の大きい合成樹脂製ロッ
クボルト７により強固に支持することができるものであ
る。With this configuration, the tunnel excavator 1
The reaction force from the side can be supported by the synthetic resin lock bolt 7 through the reaction force receiving member 4 with a component force in the shearing direction and the tensile direction, and the shearing force applied to the fixing portion of the synthetic resin lock bolt 7 can be sheared. It is possible to firmly support the synthetic resin lock bolt 7 having a small tensile force and a large tensile strength.
【００２５】こうしてトンネル掘削機１により地山にパ
イロット坑３を掘削したのち、次いで該パイロット坑３
をトンネル掘削機（図示せず）によって或いは発破工法
によって拡大し、水力発電所の傾斜水路として使用可能
な拡大トンネル２を築造する。その際、まず、パイロッ
ト坑３の掘削壁面Ａの周辺に放射状に打ち込んでいる全
ての合成樹脂製ロックボルト７の端部に固着したロック
ナット12および座金11を順次取り外したのち、反力受部
材４を撤去する。After excavating the pilot pit 3 in the ground by the tunnel excavator 1, the pilot pit 3 is then drilled.
Is expanded by a tunnel excavator (not shown) or by a blasting method to construct an expanded tunnel 2 that can be used as a sloped channel of a hydroelectric power plant. At this time, first, the lock nuts 12 and washers 11 fixed to the ends of all the synthetic resin lock bolts 7 that are radially driven around the excavated wall surface A of the pilot pit 3 are sequentially removed, and then the reaction force receiving member. Remove 4.
【００２６】しかるのち、トンネル掘削機によってパイ
ロット坑３の周辺地盤を掘削していくと、トンネル掘削
機のカッターヘッドのカッター刃によって合成樹脂製ロ
ックボルト７が切断、破砕されながら掘削土砂と共に機
内に取り込まれて機内から後方に排出され、トンネル掘
削機によりパイロット坑３を拡大掘削して拡大トンネル
２を築造することができる。Then, when the ground around the pilot pit 3 is excavated by the tunnel excavator, the rock bolt 7 made of synthetic resin is cut and crushed by the cutter blade of the cutter head of the tunnel excavator while being excavated into the machine along with the excavated earth and sand. It can be taken in and discharged from the inside of the machine to the rear, and the tunnel excavator can be used to expand and excavate the pilot pit 3 to build the expanded tunnel 2.
【００２７】また、パイロット坑３の周辺地盤を発破工
法によって***することにより拡大掘削してもよく、こ
の場合には、発破によって合成樹脂製ロックボルト７が
容易に切断されて掘削土砂と共に排出し得るものであ
る。なお、以上の実施例においては、水力発電所の傾斜
水路築造用のパイロット坑（斜坑）を掘削したのち、拡
大トンネル２を築造する方法を説明したが、斜坑に限ら
ず、通常の拡大トンネルの築造方法に対しても本発明を
採用し得るのは勿論である。Further, the ground around the pilot pit 3 may be expanded by blasting by a blasting method. In this case, the rock bolt 7 made of synthetic resin is easily cut by the blasting and discharged together with the excavated earth and sand. I will get it. In the above embodiments, the method of constructing the expansion tunnel 2 after excavating the pilot pit (oblique pit) for constructing the sloped waterway of the hydroelectric power plant has been described. Needless to say, the present invention can be applied to a building method.
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明のトンネル掘削方法
によれば、パイロット坑を掘削する時に、掘削壁面の周
辺地盤に合成樹脂製ロックボルトを打設、定着させてお
き、この合成樹脂製ロックボルトによってトンネル掘削
機の反力受部材を固定しているので、パイロット坑を掘
削後、反力受部材を撤去して拡大トンネルを掘削する際
に、トンネル掘削機或いは発破工法によって合成樹脂製
ロックボルトを簡単、且つ確実に切断、破砕しながら能
率よく拡大トンネルを掘削することができるものであ
る。As described above, according to the tunnel excavation method of the present invention, when the pilot pit is excavated, the synthetic resin rock bolt is driven and fixed on the ground around the excavation wall surface, and the synthetic resin lock bolt is fixed. Since the reaction force receiving member of the tunnel excavator is fixed by the lock bolt, when the pilot force is excavated and the reaction force receiving member is removed to excavate the enlarged tunnel, the tunnel excavator or the blasting method is used to make the synthetic resin. It is possible to excavate an enlarged tunnel efficiently while cutting and crushing the rock bolt easily and surely.
【００２９】また、パイロット坑を掘削する際に、反力
受部材を固定する上記合成樹脂製ロックボルトをトンネ
ル掘削機側に向かって斜め前方に傾斜させた状態でトン
ネル周辺地盤に打設、定着させておくことによって、合
成樹脂製ロックボルトの弱点である剪断力を軽減させる
ことができると共にその大きな耐引張強度によりトンネ
ル掘削機側からの反力を強固に支持させることができる
ものである。When the pilot pit is excavated, the synthetic resin rock bolt for fixing the reaction force receiving member is set and fixed on the ground around the tunnel in a state of being inclined obliquely forward toward the tunnel excavator side. By doing so, it is possible to reduce the shearing force, which is a weak point of the synthetic resin rock bolt, and to strongly support the reaction force from the tunnel excavator side due to its large tensile strength.
【００３０】さらに、合成樹脂製ロックボルトによって
反力受部材を定着する際に、合成樹脂製ロックボルトの
定着部と掘削壁面との間に、或いは合成樹脂製ロックボ
ルトの定着端部周辺に空間部を設けておくことにより、
トンネル掘削機側からの反力による剪断作用力が反力受
部材から合成樹脂製ロックボルトに直接作用するのを阻
止することができ、剪断力に弱い合成樹脂製ロックボル
トを保護して該合成樹脂製ロックボルトにより反力受部
材を確実に固定しておくことができるものである。Further, when fixing the reaction force receiving member with the synthetic resin lock bolt, there is a space between the fixing portion of the synthetic resin lock bolt and the excavated wall surface or around the fixing end portion of the synthetic resin lock bolt. By setting up a section,
It is possible to prevent the shearing force due to the reaction force from the tunnel excavator side from directly acting on the synthetic resin rock bolt from the reaction force receiving member, and protect the synthetic resin rock bolt which is weak against the shearing force to protect the synthetic resin rock bolt. The reaction force receiving member can be securely fixed by the resin lock bolt.
【図１】パイロット坑を掘削している状態の簡略縦断側
面図、FIG. 1 is a simplified vertical sectional side view showing a state where a pilot shaft is being excavated,
【図２】トンネル掘削機の縦断側面図、FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional side view of a tunnel excavator,
【図３】パイロット坑の掘削壁面に固定した反力受部材
の簡略縦断正面図、FIG. 3 is a simplified vertical sectional front view of a reaction force receiving member fixed to an excavated wall surface of a pilot pit,
【図４】反力受部材の斜視図、FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a reaction force receiving member,
【図５】合成樹脂製ロックボルトにより反力受部材を固
定した状態の縦断側面図、FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of the reaction force receiving member fixed by a synthetic resin lock bolt,
【図６】その別な例を示す縦断側面図。FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional side view showing another example.
１ トンネル掘削機 ２ 拡大トンネル ３ パイロット坑 ４ 反力受部材 ７ 合成樹脂製ロックボルト 8a、8b ボルト挿通孔 14、15 空間部 Ａ 掘削壁面 1 Tunnel excavator 2 Expansion tunnel 3 Pilot pit 4 Reaction force receiving member 7 Synthetic resin rock bolt 8a, 8b Bolt insertion hole 14, 15 Space part A Excavation wall surface
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 古越 仁 東京都千代田区内幸町１丁目１番３号 東 京電力株式会社内 (72)発明者 小林 順二 東京都千代田区内幸町１丁目１番３号 東 京電力株式会社内 (72)発明者 吉澤 和久 東京都千代田区内幸町１丁目１番３号 東 京電力株式会社内 (72)発明者 古川 董 大阪市阿倍野区松崎町２丁目２番２号 株 式会社奥村組内 (72)発明者 古賀 明 大阪市阿倍野区松崎町２丁目２番２号 株 式会社奥村組内 (72)発明者 羽馬 徹 大阪市北区西天満３ー２ー17 株式会社ケ ー・エフ・シー内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Hitoshi Furukoshi 1-3-1, Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Within Tokyo Electric Power Company (72) Junji Kobayashi 1-3-1, Uchisaiwai-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Inside the Tokyo Electric Power Company (72) Inventor Kazuhisa Yoshizawa 1-3-3 Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Inside the Tokyo Electric Power Company (72) Inventor Toru Furukawa 2-2-2 Matsuzaki-cho, Abeno-ku, Osaka Incorporation company Okumura Gumi (72) Inventor Akira Koga 2-2-2 Matsuzaki-cho, Abeno-ku, Osaka City Incorporation Okumura Gumi (72) Inventor Toru Hauma 3-17 Nishitenma, Kita-ku, Osaka・ In F sea
Claims (4)
ネル壁面に沿って反力受部材を配設し、この反力受部材
に穿設しているボルト挿通孔を通じて合成樹脂製ロック
ボルトをトンネル外周方の地盤に打設、定着することに
より反力受部材を固定したのち、該反力受部材に上記ト
ンネル掘削機側からの反力を支持させながらパイロット
坑を掘削し、このパイロット坑の掘削後、反力受部材を
撤去して上記合成樹脂製ロックボルトを破砕しながら拡
大トンネルを掘削することを特徴とするトンネル掘削方
法。1. A reaction force receiving member is arranged along a wall surface of a tunnel excavated by a tunnel excavator, and a synthetic resin lock bolt is attached to a peripheral portion of the tunnel through a bolt insertion hole formed in the reaction force receiving member. After fixing the reaction force receiving member by placing and fixing it on the ground, the pilot force is excavated while making the reaction force receiving member support the reaction force from the tunnel excavator side. A tunnel excavation method, characterized in that the reaction force receiving member is removed and the synthetic resin rock bolt is crushed to excavate an enlarged tunnel.
らトンネル掘削機側に向かって斜め前方方向に傾斜させ
た状態でトンネル外周地盤に打設、定着していることを
特徴とする請求項１記載のトンネル掘削方法。2. The synthetic resin lock bolt is set and fixed on the outer circumferential ground of the tunnel in a state in which the synthetic resin lock bolt is inclined obliquely forward from the reaction force receiving member toward the tunnel excavator side. 1. The tunnel excavation method described in 1.
ルト挿通孔に挿通している合成樹脂製ロックボルトの外
周面との間に、合成樹脂製ロックボルトに対する反力受
部材からの剪断力の伝達を遮断する一定間隔の空間部を
設けていることを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２記載
のトンネル掘削方法。3. A reaction force receiving member for a synthetic resin lock bolt is provided between the bolt insertion hole formed in the reaction force receiving member and the outer peripheral surface of the synthetic resin lock bolt inserted in the bolt insertion hole. The tunnel excavation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that spaces are provided at regular intervals to block the transmission of shearing force.
て地盤に定着している合成樹脂製ロックボルトにおい
て、定着地盤の壁面部分における該合成樹脂製ロックボ
ルトの基端部と定着地盤との間に合成樹脂製ロックボル
トの撓みを許容する空隙部を設けていることを特徴とす
る請求項１又は請求項２記載のトンネル掘削方法。4. A synthetic resin lock bolt fixed to the ground through a bolt insertion hole provided in the reaction force receiving member, wherein a base end portion of the synthetic resin lock bolt and a fixing ground in a wall portion of the fixing ground. The tunnel excavation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a void portion that allows bending of the synthetic resin rock bolt is provided therebetween.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30077895A JP3801672B2 (en) | 1995-10-24 | 1995-10-24 | Tunnel excavation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30077895A JP3801672B2 (en) | 1995-10-24 | 1995-10-24 | Tunnel excavation method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09119284A true JPH09119284A (en) | 1997-05-06 |
| JP3801672B2 JP3801672B2 (en) | 2006-07-26 |
Family
ID=17888986
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30077895A Expired - Fee Related JP3801672B2 (en) | 1995-10-24 | 1995-10-24 | Tunnel excavation method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3801672B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106499423A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-03-15 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | A kind of reverse daguanpeng construction method in tunnel construction |
| CN112924291A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-08 | 重庆大学 | Model test device and test method for tunnel-type anchorage under tunnel |
-
1995
- 1995-10-24 JP JP30077895A patent/JP3801672B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106499423A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-03-15 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | A kind of reverse daguanpeng construction method in tunnel construction |
| CN112924291A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-08 | 重庆大学 | Model test device and test method for tunnel-type anchorage under tunnel |
| CN112924291B (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2022-05-20 | 重庆大学 | Model test device and test method for tunnel-type anchorage under tunnel |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3801672B2 (en) | 2006-07-26 |
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