JPH08305373A - Interference type soundproof device - Google Patents
Interference type soundproof deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08305373A JPH08305373A JP7135865A JP13586595A JPH08305373A JP H08305373 A JPH08305373 A JP H08305373A JP 7135865 A JP7135865 A JP 7135865A JP 13586595 A JP13586595 A JP 13586595A JP H08305373 A JPH08305373 A JP H08305373A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- soundproof
- noise
- base wall
- hollow
- sound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
- E01F8/0005—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement
- E01F8/0041—Free-standing grates
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
- Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、管路長の異なる複数
個の中空通路を備え、騒音源から伝播する騒音の一部を
これら中空通路を通過させることによって遅延させ、こ
の遅延伝播音と騒音源からの直接伝播音との干渉により
減音された干渉減音領域を形成させる干渉型防音装置に
関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention comprises a plurality of hollow passages having different pipe lengths, delays a part of noise propagating from a noise source by passing through these hollow passages, and The present invention relates to an interference-type soundproofing device that forms an interference-reduction area that is reduced by interference with sound that is directly propagated from a noise source.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、高速鉄道，高速道路等の騒音対策
として、路線沿いに防音壁を設置したり、更に防音壁の
音源側に吸音板を設置して、騒音公害の防止が図られて
いる。しかし、音の回析、反射等の諸性質により、この
ような防音壁の設置効果は極めて低い。このため、防音
壁の高さを高くするなどの方法がとられているが、防音
壁を高くすることにより、日照等の新しい公害問題が発
生している。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, as noise countermeasures for high-speed railways and highways, noise barriers have been installed by installing soundproof walls along the lines, and by installing sound absorbing plates on the sound source side of the soundproof walls. There is. However, the effect of installing such a sound barrier is extremely low due to various properties such as diffraction and reflection of sound. For this reason, methods such as increasing the height of the soundproof wall have been taken, but by raising the soundproof wall, new pollution problems such as sunshine have occurred.
【０００３】そこで、鉄道軌道や道路面付近を主として
騒音源とし、その騒音源から伝播する騒音の一部を路長
の異なる複数の通路を通過させることによって遅延さ
せ、この遅延伝播音と騒音源からの直接伝播音との干渉
により減音された干渉減音領域を形成させる干渉型防音
装置と防音壁との組合せによる防音装置が発明された。Therefore, a railroad track or the vicinity of a road surface is mainly used as a noise source, and a part of noise propagating from the noise source is delayed by passing through a plurality of passages having different path lengths. A soundproofing device has been invented by a combination of an interference-type soundproofing device and a soundproofing wall, which forms an interference sound-reducing area that is reduced by interference with the sound directly propagated from
【０００４】この干渉型防音装置を、図８〜図１０を参
照して説明する。図８は従来の干渉型防音装置を示す断
面図、図９は積層体の斜視図、図１０は干渉原理を説明
する断面図である。This interference type soundproofing device will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 is a sectional view showing a conventional interference type soundproofing device, FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a laminated body, and FIG. 10 is a sectional view for explaining the principle of interference.
【０００５】図示の如く、従来の干渉型防音装置は、騒
音源から離隔した位置に設置された防音基壁１の、騒音
源とは反対側の面の上部に、管路長の異なる複数（図に
おいては４個）の中空通路１０１〜１０４が積層されて
なる積層体１００が複数個壁面に沿って並列に設置され
ると共に、底板１０５と遮音板１０６が設置されたもの
である。As shown in the figure, in the conventional interference type soundproofing device, a plurality of different pipe lengths are provided above the surface of the soundproofing base wall 1 installed at a position separated from the noise source, on the side opposite to the noise source. A plurality of laminated bodies 100 in which four hollow passages 101 to 104 are laminated are installed in parallel along a wall surface, and a bottom plate 105 and a sound insulating plate 106 are installed.
【０００６】前記積層体１００の各中空通路１０１〜１
０４の入口側は騒音入射面２００に開口し、出口側は騒
音放射面３００に開口している。The hollow passages 101 to 1 of the laminated body 100
The entrance side of 04 is open to the noise incident surface 200, and the exit side is open to the noise emitting surface 300.
【０００７】しかして、この騒音入射面２００側に位置
する騒音源から伝播する騒音の一部を、騒音入射面２０
０に開口する入口から種々の管路長の複数の中空通路１
０１〜１０４に通過させることによって屈折させて遅延
させ、騒音放射面３００における出口から出る屈折遅延
波と、騒音源からの直接波との位相のずれを利用して干
渉させ、干渉領域において騒音を破壊的減音作用によっ
て低減させるように構成されている。However, a part of the noise propagating from the noise source located on the noise incident surface 200 side is converted into the noise incident surface 20.
A plurality of hollow passages 1 having various pipe lengths from the inlet opening to 0
01 to 104 to refract and delay the noise, and use the phase difference between the refraction delayed wave that emerges from the exit of the noise radiation surface 300 and the direct wave from the noise source to cause interference and to reduce noise in the interference region. It is configured to be reduced by a destructive sound reduction effect.
【０００８】かかる積層体１００よりなる干渉型防音装
置は、従来の吸音型、遮音型防音装置と異なり、上述し
た音波の干渉現象を利用することによって回析伝播する
騒音に対しても大きな減音効果を有し、遮音壁及び吸音
壁等の防音壁と比べて減音作用が及ぶ範囲が大きく、ま
た、完全にカバーをかけることができない騒音源にも有
効で、その上、熱や空気を通すことができる等の利点を
有する他に、耐水性，耐候性に優れたステンレス等の金
属材料や無機質軽量材料ばかりでなく、例えば、ポリプ
ロピレン樹脂のようなプラスチック材料又はゴム状弾性
体をも構成要素として用いることができ、装置を小型か
つ軽量になし得るという利点がある。Unlike the conventional sound absorption type and sound insulation type soundproofing devices, the interference type soundproofing device including the laminated body 100 makes a great noise reduction against the noise propagated by diffraction by utilizing the above-mentioned sound wave interference phenomenon. It is effective and has a larger range of sound reduction than sound insulation walls such as sound insulation walls and sound absorption walls. It is also effective for noise sources that cannot be completely covered, and also allows heat and air to pass through. In addition to having the advantages of being capable of being used, it is possible to use not only metallic materials such as stainless steel and inorganic lightweight materials that are also excellent in water resistance and weather resistance, but also plastic materials such as polypropylene resin or rubber-like elastic bodies as constituent elements. And has the advantage that the device can be made small and lightweight.
【０００９】これがため、新幹線などの鉄道車両の走行
にともない発生する列車騒音対策等に、図９に示すよう
な屈曲形状の積層体１００よりなる干渉型防音装置を、
図１０に示す如く、コンクリート等の防音基壁１の上端
に設置することによって、騒音源から防音基壁１を乗り
越えて回析伝播する直接波を、積層体１００の路長差
を有する複数の中空通路１０１〜１０４を通過して屈折
伝播された屈折遅延波と干渉させ、干渉領域（ドッ
トを付した領域）で破壊的干渉作用によって減音する。
これによって、相対的に低い防音基壁１によっても、防
音基壁１から遠く離れた受音点で充分な減音効果を得る
ことができる。図１０に示す如く、屈曲形状の積層体１
００よりなる干渉型防音装置を防音基壁１の上端に取り
付けて用いる場合には、騒音源と反対側の積層体１００
の後方に、積層体１００の騒音放射面３００から出た屈
折遅延波の一部が直接波によって十分に干渉されず
矢印で示すように下方へ伝播し、この結果、防音基壁
１の後方下方領域に屈折遅延波による騒音の問題が発
生する。このため、上記積層体１００よりなる干渉型防
音装置を防音基壁１の上端部に取り付ける場合は、その
減音効果を十分に発揮できるように、図８に示すよう
に、屈曲形状の積層体１００の騒音放射面３００側に干
渉空間４００を設けるよう、騒音放射面３００から適当
な間隔で、離間した位置に騒音放射面３００の上端より
高い遮音板１０６を設けて、上述した末干渉の屈折伝播
音が後側下方へ伝播するのを防止するよう、積層体１
００の後方空間を包囲する。この遮音板１０６は屈曲形
状の積層体１００と別体で設けても良くまた、一体で成
形しても良い。Therefore, as a measure against train noise generated when a railway vehicle such as a Shinkansen runs, an interference type soundproofing device comprising a laminated body 100 having a bent shape as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 10, by installing it on the upper end of the soundproof base wall 1 such as concrete, a direct wave propagating over the soundproof base wall 1 from the noise source and diffracted and propagated, a plurality of direct waves having different path lengths of the laminated body 100 are provided. The refraction delay wave that has been refracted and propagated through the hollow passages 101 to 104 is caused to interfere with each other, and sound is reduced by the destructive interference action in the interference region (dotted region).
As a result, even with the relatively low soundproof base wall 1, a sufficient sound reduction effect can be obtained at the sound receiving point far from the soundproof base wall 1. As shown in FIG. 10, a bent laminated body 1
When the interference type soundproofing device made of No. 00 is attached to the upper end of the soundproofing base wall 1 and used, the laminated body 100 on the side opposite to the noise source is used.
A part of the refraction delayed wave emitted from the noise emitting surface 300 of the laminated body 100 propagates downward as shown by an arrow without being sufficiently interfered with by the direct wave, and as a result, rearward and downward of the soundproof base wall 1. The problem of noise due to the refraction delayed wave occurs in the region. For this reason, when the interference type soundproofing device comprising the above-mentioned laminated body 100 is attached to the upper end portion of the soundproofing base wall 1, as shown in FIG. In order to provide the interference space 400 on the noise emission surface 300 side of 100, a sound insulating plate 106 higher than the upper end of the noise emission surface 300 is provided at an appropriate distance from the noise emission surface 300 to refract the above-mentioned end interference. In order to prevent the propagating sound from propagating to the lower rear side, the laminated body 1
Enclose the back space of 00. The sound insulation plate 106 may be provided separately from the bent laminated body 100 or may be integrally formed.
【００１０】このような従来の干渉型防音装置によれ
ば、優れた減音効果が得られ、防音壁の高さをあまり高
くすることなく騒音を低減できることから、従来の干渉
型防音装置は、鉄道，道路等の交通機関、或いは、各種
機械設備の騒音対策として実用されている。According to such a conventional interference type soundproofing device, an excellent sound reduction effect can be obtained and noise can be reduced without making the height of the soundproof wall too high. Therefore, the conventional interference type soundproofing device is It has been put to practical use as a noise countermeasure for transportation such as railways and roads, or for various mechanical equipment.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来の干渉型防音装置
は、走行車両の下部から発生する下部騒音に対するよう
になっているが、高速走行する車両、例えば時速２００
kmを超える鉄道車両では空力音が増大し、このような上
部騒音の防止には十分な効果が得られなかった。Although the conventional interference type soundproofing device is designed to deal with the lower noise generated from the lower portion of the traveling vehicle, the vehicle operates at a high speed, for example, 200 h / h.
The aerodynamic noise increased in railway cars over km, and sufficient effect could not be obtained to prevent such upper noise.
【００１２】そこで、この発明は、上部騒音並びに下部
騒音の両方に対し有効な干渉型防音装置を提供すること
を目的とする。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an interference type soundproofing device which is effective against both upper noise and lower noise.
【００１３】[0013]
【課題を解決するための手段】上述の目的を達成するた
め、この発明は、前面に開口する騒音入射入口から後面
に開口する騒音放射出口に延長された複数の管路長の異
なる中空通路を有する防音中空体を騒音源から離れた位
置に配置された防音基壁の上部に設置し、上端が前記防
音中空体の減音領域内に位置する防音小壁を並設し、こ
の防音小壁と防音基壁との間に底板を連結して設け、防
音小壁の上部に出口開口を設けた干渉型防音装置におい
て、前記騒音入射入口形成個所は防音基壁から遠ざかる
に従って徐々に高くなり当該入口端が緩やかに傾斜する
ように形成され、騒音入射入口から騒音放射出口に向う
中空通路は途中から防音基壁へ向う方向へ折れ曲がって
大略く字状の形状に形成され、各中空通路のく字状の折
り曲げ角度は防音基壁から遠ざかるに従って鈍角になる
ように形成されたものである。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a plurality of hollow passages having different pipe lengths extending from a noise incident inlet opening at the front surface to a noise radiating outlet opening at the rear surface. The soundproof hollow body is installed at the upper part of the soundproof base wall arranged at a position distant from the noise source, and the soundproof small wall whose upper end is located in the sound reduction area of the soundproof hollow body is provided in parallel, and the soundproof small wall is provided. In the interference-type soundproofing device in which a bottom plate is connected between the soundproofing base wall and the soundproofing small wall, and the outlet opening is provided in the upper part of the soundproofing small wall, the noise incident inlet forming portion gradually becomes higher as it goes away from the soundproofing base wall. The hollow passage is formed so that the inlet end is gently inclined, and the hollow passage from the noise incident inlet to the noise radiation outlet is bent in the direction from the middle to the soundproof base wall and is formed into a generally V-shape. Sound-proof bending angle And it is formed so as to be an obtuse angle as the distance from the wall.
【００１４】[0014]
【作用】上部音源から生ずる騒音は騒音入射入口へ向う
とともに入口端の上方を通過するが、騒音入射入口から
中空通路に入った音波、すなわち屈折遅延波が防音中空
体と防音壁との間の上部開口から放射されるとき、中空
通路に入らない音波（直接波）と混じり合う。屈折遅延
波と直接波とが混じり合うと干渉現象によって減音領域
が発生する。下部音源からの騒音で中空通路に入った音
波も上述と同様のことがいえる。The noise generated from the upper sound source goes to the noise entrance and passes above the entrance end. However, the sound wave entering the hollow passage from the noise entrance, that is, the refraction delay wave, is generated between the soundproof hollow body and the soundproof wall. When emitted from the upper opening, it mixes with sound waves (direct waves) that do not enter the hollow passage. When the refraction delayed wave and the direct wave are mixed with each other, a sound reduction area is generated due to an interference phenomenon. The same can be said for sound waves that have entered the hollow passage due to noise from the lower sound source.
【００１５】[0015]
【実施例】以下に、この発明の好適な実施例を図面を参
照にして説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００１６】図１は、この発明の好適な実施例を示す側
面図であり、騒音源から離れた位置に配置された防音基
壁１の騒音源と反対側上部に防音中空体２を設置してあ
る。この防音中空体２は前面に開口する騒音入射入口２
Ａ乃至２Ｄから後面に開口する騒音放射出口２Ｅ〜２Ｈ
に延長された複数の管路長の異なる中空通路２１〜２４
を備えている。このような複数の中空通路２１乃至２４
は隔壁２５乃至２８により防音中空体２内で画成されて
いる。騒音入射入口２Ａ乃至２Ｄから騒音放射出口２Ｅ
〜２Ｈに向う中空通路２１乃至２４は途中から防音基壁
１へ向う方向へ折れ曲がって大略く字状の形状に形成さ
れている。防音基壁１の騒音源と反対側にこの防音基壁
１から離間した位置で、上端が防音中空体２の減音領域
内に位置する防音小壁３とこの防音小壁３と防音基壁１
との間に底板４を設け、これら防音小壁３と底板４とは
防音中空体２と一体形成されている。そして、内部に従
来と同様の干渉空間４００が設けられている。防音小壁
３の上部には出口開口５を設けてある。この干渉型防音
装置では、防音中空体２の底部側と防音小壁３及び底板
４に囲まれた側面は開口しているが、このような一体成
形物を並列に並べてその両側面は側板等で塞ぐようにな
る。なお、一つ一つの一体成形物の側面を塞いでも差し
支えない。また、防音中空体２の騒音源側を向いた個所
に吸音材６を取付けるとともに、防音小壁３と底板４の
個所にも吸音材７を取付けてある。これら吸音材６，７
としては、例えば合成樹脂多孔質材料及び／又は無機系
多孔質材料と気泡剤とセメントと水との混和により形成
された軽量モルタル吸音材等が好適に使用できる。この
とき空隙率は４０〜８０％あることが好ましい。例え
ば、モルタルミキサーの中にセメント１００重量部、直
径２mm以下の半硬質ウレタンチップ７．５重量部を投入
して、１分間撹拌したのち、気泡剤３０重量部、水４５
重量部を加えて約２０分間混練し、空隙率５６％の発泡
ウレタンチップ混入軽量モルタル吸音材を得ることがで
きる。空隙率の調整は、気泡剤の量及び混練時間によっ
て制御可能である。発泡ウレタンチップには軟質ウレタ
ン，硬質ウレタン，半硬質ウレタンを粉砕機等によって
チップ化したものが使用できる。また、気泡剤には、ア
ニオン系，カチオン系等の合成界面活性剤、加水分解タ
ンパク系気泡剤、樹脂石鹸系気泡剤が好適に使用でき
る。また、吸音材６，７としては、繊維状物質の集合体
から成る繊維成形体を用いることもできる。繊維成形体
として、繊維径分布の中心が３０デニール以下の短繊維
を素材として平均見かけ密度０．０４〜０．１５ｇ／cm
3 の繊維集合体に形成して成るものが好適に使用でき
る。３０デニール以下の短い繊維を用いるとともに見か
け密度を所定範囲に収めることで繊維成形体１内部の通
気抵抗を大きくして吸音特性を良好にすることができ
る。仮りに、３０デニール以上の繊維を用いると、同一
見かけ密度において粗な状態になり、通気抵抗が上がら
ず吸音性能の劣ったものになる。そこで、これを見かけ
密度の高いものにするだけで吸音性を改善しようとする
と、硬くなりすぎて音を放射し易くなり、逆に吸音性能
は低下する。さらに見かけ密度の上限は０．１５ｇ／cm
3 に設定する必要がある。一方３０デニール以下の細い
繊維を用いても、見かけ密度が０．０４ｇ／cm3 以下で
は、通気抵抗が大きくならず、吸音性を期待することが
できず、吸音性能が不十分となる。短繊維の材質として
は、例えば、ポリエステル，ポリプロピレン，ポリエチ
レン，ナイロン，ビニロン等の合成繊維の他に羊毛，
綿，麻等の天然繊維を使用することもできる。さらに、
これらの繊維を使用した布から開繊した短繊維を使用す
ることもできる。この場合、瀝青質或いはその類似材料
を溶融紡糸或いはその他の方法で繊維状にし、これを前
述した短繊維の中に１０重量％以上混入するか、或いは
単独で使用して繊維集合体の成形品を使用することによ
っても、大きな遮音・吸音効果が得られる。瀝青質の類
似材料としては、瀝青質の脆さや温度依存性を樹脂やゴ
ム或いは熱可塑性エラストマー等で改質した瀝青質を３
０重量％以上含むものが使用される。このような瀝青質
又はその類似材料を繊維状にしたものを使用した大きな
遮音・吸音効果が得られる理由は、瀝青質の制振性（抗
ダンピング性）が繊維集合体の中に付与され、遮音・吸
音性のみならず、振動を抑制する機能が得られるためで
ある。また、繊維成形体は、結合剤を含みかつ平板状に
予備成形された短繊維集合体（予備成形体）をモールド
内にセットし、これを加熱圧縮成形することによって得
ることもできる。FIG. 1 is a side view showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which a soundproof hollow body 2 is installed on the upper side of the soundproof base wall 1 arranged at a position distant from the noise source opposite to the noise source. There is. This soundproof hollow body 2 has a noise entrance 2 opening at the front.
Noise emission outlets 2E to 2H opening from A to 2D on the rear surface
A plurality of hollow passages 21 to 24 having different pipeline lengths
It has. Such a plurality of hollow passages 21 to 24
Are defined in the soundproof hollow body 2 by the partitions 25 to 28. From the noise entrance 2A to 2D to the noise radiation exit 2E
The hollow passages 21 to 24 extending from 2H to 2H are bent in a direction toward the soundproof base wall 1 and formed into a generally V-shape. The soundproof base wall 1 is located on the side opposite to the noise source of the soundproof base wall 1, and the upper end thereof is located in the sound reduction area of the soundproof hollow body 2 and the soundproof small wall 3 and the soundproof base wall 3. 1
A bottom plate 4 is provided between the above and the soundproof small wall 3 and the bottom plate 4 are integrally formed with the soundproof hollow body 2. An interference space 400 similar to the conventional one is provided inside. An outlet opening 5 is provided in the upper part of the soundproof small wall 3. In this interference-type soundproof device, the bottom side of the soundproof hollow body 2 and the side surface surrounded by the soundproof small wall 3 and the bottom plate 4 are open, but such integrally molded products are arranged in parallel and both side surfaces are side plates or the like. Will come to close. It should be noted that it is acceptable to block the side surface of each integrally molded product. Further, a sound absorbing material 6 is attached to a portion of the soundproof hollow body 2 facing the noise source side, and a sound absorbing material 7 is also attached to the sound insulating small wall 3 and the bottom plate 4. These sound absorbing materials 6,7
As the material, for example, a lightweight mortar sound absorbing material formed by mixing a synthetic resin porous material and / or an inorganic porous material, a foaming agent, cement, and water can be preferably used. At this time, the porosity is preferably 40 to 80%. For example, 100 parts by weight of cement and 7.5 parts by weight of semi-hard urethane chips having a diameter of 2 mm or less are put into a mortar mixer, stirred for 1 minute, and then 30 parts by weight of a foaming agent and 45 parts of water.
By adding parts by weight and kneading for about 20 minutes, it is possible to obtain a lightweight mortar sound absorbing material mixed with urethane foam chips having a porosity of 56%. The adjustment of the porosity can be controlled by the amount of the foaming agent and the kneading time. As the foamed urethane chip, soft urethane, hard urethane, or semi-hard urethane made into chips by a crusher can be used. As the foaming agent, anionic or cationic synthetic surfactants, hydrolyzed protein foaming agents, resin soap foaming agents can be preferably used. Further, as the sound absorbing materials 6 and 7, it is also possible to use a fiber molded body formed of an aggregate of fibrous substances. As a fiber molding, a short fiber having a fiber diameter distribution center of 30 denier or less is used as a raw material, and an average apparent density is 0.04 to 0.15 g / cm.
Those formed by forming the fiber aggregate of 3 can be preferably used. By using short fibers of 30 denier or less and keeping the apparent density within a predetermined range, it is possible to increase the ventilation resistance inside the fiber molded body 1 and improve the sound absorption characteristics. If fibers having a denier of 30 denier or more are used, a coarse state is obtained at the same apparent density, and ventilation resistance does not increase, resulting in poor sound absorbing performance. Therefore, if an attempt is made to improve the sound absorbing property only by making the apparent density high, the sound absorbing property becomes too hard and the sound is easily emitted, and the sound absorbing performance is deteriorated. Furthermore, the upper limit of the apparent density is 0.15 g / cm
Must be set to 3 . On the other hand, even if a thin fiber having a denier of 30 denier or less is used, if the apparent density is 0.04 g / cm 3 or less, the ventilation resistance does not increase, the sound absorbing property cannot be expected, and the sound absorbing performance becomes insufficient. Examples of the material for the short fibers include synthetic fibers such as polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon, and vinylon, as well as wool,
Natural fibers such as cotton and hemp can also be used. further,
It is also possible to use short fibers opened from a cloth using these fibers. In this case, a bituminous material or a similar material is melt-spun or formed into a fibrous shape by a spinning method or the like and mixed into the above-mentioned short fibers in an amount of 10% by weight or more, or used alone to form a fiber aggregate molded product. Also by using, a large sound insulation and sound absorption effect can be obtained. As a similar bituminous material, a bituminous material obtained by modifying the brittleness and temperature dependence of the bituminous material with a resin, rubber, thermoplastic elastomer or the like is used.
Those containing 0% by weight or more are used. The reason why a large sound insulation / sound absorbing effect is obtained by using a fibrous material of such a bituminous material or its similar material is that the bituminous vibration damping property (anti-damping property) is imparted to the fiber assembly, This is because not only sound insulation and sound absorption but also a function of suppressing vibration can be obtained. Further, the fiber molded body can also be obtained by setting a short fiber aggregate (preliminary molded body) containing a binder and preliminarily molded in a flat plate shape, and subjecting this to heat compression molding.
【００１７】図２は、図１の防音基壁１側から見た防音
中空体２，防音小壁３及び底板４を示す。この干渉型防
音装置に使われるものは、片側に側板８を設けてあり、
同様の構造のものを右隣に多数連結していくようになっ
ている。FIG. 2 shows the soundproof hollow body 2, the soundproof small wall 3 and the bottom plate 4 as viewed from the soundproof base wall 1 side of FIG. The one used for this interference type soundproofing device has a side plate 8 on one side,
A large number of similar structures are connected to the right.
【００１８】図３は、複数の中空通路２１乃至２４の略
図であり、途中から折れ曲がって騒音放射出口２Ｅ〜２
Ｈに向う直線は垂直線に対して３６度の傾きを有してい
る。騒音入射入口２Ａ〜２Ｄの形成個所は防音基壁１か
ら遠ざかるに従って徐々に高くなり、当該入口端（これ
を結ぶ線をＸとする）が緩やかに傾斜するように形成さ
れている。このＸの線と水平線とが成す角度αは８°〜
２０°の範囲に設定される。また、各中空通路２１〜２
４のく字状の折り曲げ角度β1 〜β4 は防音基壁１から
遠ざかるに従って鈍角になるように形成されている。各
中空通路２１〜２４の管路長は中空通路２１で最も短
く、中空通路２４で最も長く形成してある。FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the plurality of hollow passages 21 to 24, which are bent from the middle to make noise emission outlets 2E to 2E.
The straight line toward H has a slope of 36 degrees with respect to the vertical line. The locations where the noise entrances 2A to 2D are formed gradually increase with distance from the soundproof base wall 1, and the entrance ends (the line connecting them is X) are gently inclined. The angle α formed by the X line and the horizontal line is 8 ° to
It is set in the range of 20 °. In addition, each hollow passage 21-2
The V-shaped bending angles β 1 to β 4 are formed so as to become obtuse angles as the distance from the soundproof base wall 1 increases. The hollow passages 21 to 24 have the shortest pipe length and the hollow passage 24 has the longest pipe length.
【００１９】図４は、上部音源から発生した騒音が一部
が各騒音入射入口２Ａ〜２Ｄへ入射し、図面上斜線を施
した矢印のように屈折遅延波として出口開口５から外部
へ放射する。また、上部音源から生じた騒音の一部は白
抜きの矢印のように装置上方を通過する直接波となり、
この直接波と屈折遅延波とが出口開口５の上方で混じり
合い、干渉現象によって減音領域が発生する。In FIG. 4, part of the noise generated from the upper sound source is incident on each of the noise entrances 2A to 2D and is radiated to the outside from the exit opening 5 as a refraction delay wave as shown by the hatched arrows in the drawing. . In addition, part of the noise generated from the upper sound source becomes a direct wave that passes above the device as shown by the white arrow,
The direct wave and the refraction delayed wave are mixed with each other above the exit opening 5, and a sound reduction region is generated due to an interference phenomenon.
【００２０】図５は鉄道車両１０が走行するときに上部
騒音（空力音）と下部騒音とが生じ、防音基壁１の騒音
源と反対側上部に防音中空体２並びに防音小壁３及び底
板４を設置して減音領域が生ずる状態を説明するもので
ある。図６は防音基壁１にこの装置を取付け図示する上
部音源の地点と下部音源の地点から表１及び表２に示す
周波数の音をスピーカーにより発生させ、図示する無響
室内評価点の個所において防音基壁１のみの場合に比べ
てどれだけ減音したかを測定した。表１及び表２におい
てＡは図１に示すような吸音材６，７を設けないものを
示し、Ｂは図１と同様に吸音材６，７を設けた例を示
す。このとき使用した吸音材は、繊維状物質の集合体か
ら成る繊維成形体を用いた。また、表１は上部音源に対
して測定した結果であり、表２は下部音源に対して測定
した結果である。FIG. 5 shows that when the railway vehicle 10 travels, upper noise (aerodynamic noise) and lower noise are generated, and the soundproof hollow body 2, the soundproof small wall 3 and the bottom plate are provided on the upper side opposite to the noise source of the soundproof base wall 1. 4 is installed to explain a state in which a sound reduction area is generated. FIG. 6 shows that at the location of the anechoic room evaluation point shown in the figure, sound with the frequency shown in Table 1 and Table 2 is generated from the speaker from the point of the upper sound source and the point of the lower sound source shown in FIG. It was measured how much the sound was reduced as compared with the case of only the soundproof base wall 1. In Tables 1 and 2, A shows the case where the sound absorbing materials 6 and 7 as shown in FIG. 1 are not provided, and B shows the example where the sound absorbing materials 6 and 7 are provided as in FIG. As the sound absorbing material used at this time, a fiber molded body made of an aggregate of fibrous substances was used. In addition, Table 1 shows the results measured for the upper sound source, and Table 2 shows the results measured for the lower sound source.
【００２１】[0021]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２２】[0022]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２３】図７は図８に示す従来例とこの発明の装置
との比較を示すものであり、表２は上部音源に対する防
音基壁１のみのものに対する減音量であり、表４は下部
音源に対する防音基壁１のみに対する減音量である。ま
た、表中のＣは従来装置を示し、Ｄはこの発明の装置を
示す。FIG. 7 shows a comparison between the conventional example shown in FIG. 8 and the device of the present invention. Table 2 shows the volume reduction for only the soundproof base wall 1 for the upper sound source, and Table 4 shows the lower sound source. It is the volume reduction for only the soundproof base wall 1. Further, C in the table indicates a conventional device, and D indicates the device of the present invention.
【００２４】[0024]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００２５】[0025]
【表４】 [Table 4]
【００２６】各中空通路２１〜２４のく字状の折り曲げ
角度は防音基壁１に最も近い個所において、すなわちβ
1 は１００°前後、β2 は１２０°前後、β3 は１４０
°前後、β4 は１５０°前後とした。実施例では中空通
路２１〜２４の４つとしたが、５以上であってもよく或
いは２〜３の中空通路であってもよい。図２に示すよう
な単品はポリプロピレン等の合成樹脂材料で一体成形す
ることができる。なお、防音中空体２と防音小壁３及び
底板４とは別体に形成してもよい。The hollow-shaped bending angles of the hollow passages 21 to 24 are at a position closest to the soundproof base wall 1, that is, β.
1 is around 100 °, β 2 is around 120 °, β 3 is 140
Around β and β 4 was around 150 °. Although four hollow passages 21 to 24 are used in the embodiment, the number of hollow passages may be 5 or more, or may be 2 to 3 hollow passages. A single piece as shown in FIG. 2 can be integrally molded with a synthetic resin material such as polypropylene. The soundproof hollow body 2, the soundproof small wall 3 and the bottom plate 4 may be formed separately.
【００２７】[0027]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、この発明は、騒音
入射入口形成個所は防音基壁から遠ざかるに従って徐々
に高くなり当該入口端が緩やかに傾斜するように形成さ
れ、騒音入射入口から騒音放射出口に向う中空通路は途
中から防音基壁へ向う方向へ折れ曲がって大略く字状の
形状に形成され、各中空通路のく字状の折り曲げ角度は
防音基壁から遠ざかるに従って鈍角になるように形成さ
れているので、上部音源並びに下部音源から発生する騒
音を効果的に減音し、防音基壁の高さを高くすることな
く、優れた防音効果が得られる。特に、空力音等の上部
音源に対して効果的である。As described above, according to the present invention, the noise incident entrance forming portion is formed so that it becomes gradually higher as it goes away from the soundproof base wall, and the entrance end is gently inclined, and the noise radiation entrance is radiated. The hollow passage toward the outlet is bent in the direction toward the soundproof base wall from the middle and is formed in a roughly V shape, and the hollow bend angle of each hollow passage is formed as an obtuse angle as it goes away from the soundproof base wall. Therefore, the noise generated from the upper sound source and the lower sound source can be effectively reduced, and an excellent soundproof effect can be obtained without increasing the height of the soundproof base wall. In particular, it is effective for upper sound sources such as aerodynamic sounds.
【図１】この発明の好適な実施例を示す側面図。FIG. 1 is a side view showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】側面図。FIG. 2 is a side view.
【図３】中空通路の形状を説明する図。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the shape of a hollow passage.
【図４】上部音源に対する減音作用を説明する図。FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a sound reduction effect on an upper sound source.
【図５】鉄道車両から生ずる上部騒音と下部騒音に対す
る減音領域を示す簡略図。FIG. 5 is a simplified diagram showing a noise reduction area for upper noise and lower noise generated from a railway vehicle.
【図６】この発明の装置における減音効果を測定するた
めの簡略図。FIG. 6 is a simplified diagram for measuring the sound reduction effect in the device of the present invention.
【図７】従来装置との比較を行うための実験装置を示す
概略図。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an experimental device for comparison with a conventional device.
【図８】従来例を示す断面略図。FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view showing a conventional example.
【図９】従来例の斜視図。FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a conventional example.
【図１０】従来の干渉原理を示す断面図。FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a conventional interference principle.
１ 防音基壁 ２ 防音中空体 ２Ａ乃至２Ｄ 騒音入射入口 ２Ｅ乃至２Ｈ 騒音放射出口 ３ 防音小壁 ４ 底板 ５ 出口開口 ２１乃至２４ 中空通路 1 Soundproof Base Wall 2 Soundproof Hollow Body 2A to 2D Noise Entrance 2E to 2H Noise Radiation Exit 3 Soundproof Small Wall 4 Bottom Plate 5 Exit Opening 21 to 24 Hollow Passage
Claims (1)
開口する騒音放射出口に延長された複数の管路長の異な
る中空通路を有する防音中空体を騒音源から離れた位置
に配置された防音基壁の上部に設置し、上端が前記防音
中空体の減音領域内に位置する防音小壁を並設し、この
防音小壁と防音基壁との間に底板を連結して設け、防音
小壁の上部に出口開口を設けた干渉型防音装置におい
て、 前記騒音入射入口形成個所は防音基壁から遠ざかるに従
って徐々に高くなり当該入口端が緩やかに傾斜するよう
に形成され、 騒音入射入口から騒音放射出口に向う中空通路は途中か
ら防音基壁へ向う方向へ折れ曲がって大略く字状の形状
に形成され、 各中空通路のく字状の折り曲げ角度は防音基壁から遠ざ
かるに従って鈍角になるように形成されたことを特徴と
する干渉型防音装置。1. A soundproof hollow body having a plurality of hollow passages of different pipe lengths extending from a noise entrance opening opening on the front surface to a noise radiation exit opening on the rear surface, the soundproofing hollow body being arranged at a position distant from the noise source. It is installed on the upper part of the base wall, and the soundproof small wall whose upper end is located in the sound reduction area of the soundproof hollow body is arranged in parallel, and the bottom plate is connected between the soundproof small wall and the soundproof base wall to provide soundproofing. In an interference type soundproofing device having an outlet opening in the upper part of a small wall, the noise entrance inlet forming part is formed so that it gradually becomes higher as it goes away from the soundproof base wall, and the entrance end is gently inclined, The hollow passage toward the noise radiation outlet is bent in the direction toward the soundproof base wall from the middle and is formed in a roughly V shape, and the hollow bend angle of each hollow passage becomes an obtuse angle as it goes away from the soundproof base wall. Formed on And an interference type soundproofing device.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13586595A JP3583509B2 (en) | 1995-05-09 | 1995-05-09 | Interference type soundproofing device |
| EP96303220A EP0742545B1 (en) | 1995-05-09 | 1996-05-08 | Interference noise-control unit |
| DE69618709T DE69618709T2 (en) | 1995-05-09 | 1996-05-08 | Interference noise-control arrangement |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13586595A JP3583509B2 (en) | 1995-05-09 | 1995-05-09 | Interference type soundproofing device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08305373A true JPH08305373A (en) | 1996-11-22 |
| JP3583509B2 JP3583509B2 (en) | 2004-11-04 |
Family
ID=15161580
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13586595A Expired - Fee Related JP3583509B2 (en) | 1995-05-09 | 1995-05-09 | Interference type soundproofing device |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0742545B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3583509B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69618709T2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105803962A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2016-07-27 | 江苏金阳交通工程有限公司 | Tilting axis type muffler |
| JP2017115570A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2017-06-29 | 株式会社栗本鐵工所 | Sound proof apparatus for sound proof wall |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE513424C2 (en) * | 1998-02-24 | 2000-09-11 | Lars Nordin | Noise suppression device. |
| CN105755973B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2018-06-29 | 中国铁道科学研究院 | A kind of railroad platform interference noise elimination component |
| JP7058169B2 (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2022-04-21 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Soundproof wall |
| EP3664077A1 (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2020-06-10 | Wavebreaker AB | Interference noise-control unit |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4069768A (en) * | 1975-05-28 | 1978-01-24 | Bridgestone Tire Company Limited | Device for controlling a propagation direction of noise |
| US4158401A (en) * | 1975-07-11 | 1979-06-19 | Bridgestone Tire Company Limited | Device for controlling a propagation direction of noise |
| JPS55113098A (en) * | 1979-02-26 | 1980-09-01 | Bridgestone Tire Co Ltd | Noise reducing device |
| JPS5842324B2 (en) * | 1981-01-09 | 1983-09-19 | 日本国有鉄道 | noise control device |
| JPH04140306A (en) * | 1990-10-01 | 1992-05-14 | Bridgestone Corp | Interference type noise insulation device |
-
1995
- 1995-05-09 JP JP13586595A patent/JP3583509B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-05-08 DE DE69618709T patent/DE69618709T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-05-08 EP EP96303220A patent/EP0742545B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017115570A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2017-06-29 | 株式会社栗本鐵工所 | Sound proof apparatus for sound proof wall |
| CN105803962A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2016-07-27 | 江苏金阳交通工程有限公司 | Tilting axis type muffler |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3583509B2 (en) | 2004-11-04 |
| DE69618709T2 (en) | 2002-08-14 |
| EP0742545A3 (en) | 1997-07-16 |
| DE69618709D1 (en) | 2002-03-14 |
| EP0742545B1 (en) | 2002-01-23 |
| EP0742545A2 (en) | 1996-11-13 |
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