JPH08261434A - Treating method of industrial waste containing organic substance - Google Patents

Treating method of industrial waste containing organic substance

Info

Publication number
JPH08261434A
JPH08261434A JP9450595A JP9450595A JPH08261434A JP H08261434 A JPH08261434 A JP H08261434A JP 9450595 A JP9450595 A JP 9450595A JP 9450595 A JP9450595 A JP 9450595A JP H08261434 A JPH08261434 A JP H08261434A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
temperature
industrial waste
thermal decomposition
gas
heating temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP9450595A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kenro Motoda
謙郎 元田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Motoda Electronics Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Motoda Electronics Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Motoda Electronics Co Ltd filed Critical Motoda Electronics Co Ltd
Priority to JP9450595A priority Critical patent/JPH08261434A/en
Publication of JPH08261434A publication Critical patent/JPH08261434A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/78Recycling of wood or furniture waste

Landscapes

  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: To eliminate generation of secondary public pollution, stabilize the generating amount of gas and improve the property of safety as well as working efficiency by a method wherein thermal decomposition is effected under the condition of no oxygen, the thermal decomposition gas is burnt and the heating temperature of industrial wastes is controlled based on the temperature of produced gas to control the generating amount of thermal decomposition gas. CONSTITUTION: Industrial waste 8, containing organic substances, is charged into a thermal decomposition device 1 to effect the thermal decomposition of the waste 8 under a negative pressure, produced by a pressure reducing pump 9. The produced gas is passed through a solution filter 3 and a neutralizing and washing device 4, then, is burnt finally in a deodorizing treatment device 5. A combustion gas temperature in the deodorizing treatment device 5 is detected to control heating temperature in the decomposition device 1 based on the detected temperature. When the detected temperature is higher than a predetermined reference temperature, the heating temperature for the industrial waste 8 is reduced. On the other hand, when the detected temperature is lower than the reference temperature, the heating temperature for the industrial waste 8 is increased. The temperature of the furnace is controlled delicately in such a manner. According to this method, the generating amount of thermal decomposition gas is made constant.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は有機物を含む産業廃棄物
の加熱処理方法に関し、特に、産業廃棄物を熱分解させ
ると共にそれに伴って発生する熱分解ガスを燃焼させ、
その燃焼ガス温度を監視することにより、加熱温度をき
め細かく制御して熱分解ガスの発生量の平均化を図るこ
とのできる処理方法に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for heat-treating industrial waste containing organic matter, and more particularly to thermal decomposition of industrial waste and combustion of pyrolysis gas generated with it.
The present invention relates to a treatment method capable of finely controlling a heating temperature by monitoring the combustion gas temperature to average the amount of pyrolysis gas generated.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】現在、工場や一般家庭、病院等から廃棄
される、プラスチック、でんぷんかす・残飯等の有機汚
泥、木材、廃油、木炭等の有機物を含む産業廃棄物の多
くは、それ自体を焼却したり、ごみ処理場に埋設・投棄
することなどにより処理されている。
2. Description of the Related Art At present, most industrial wastes, including plastics, organic sludge such as starch and residue, and organic substances such as wood, waste oil and charcoal, which are discarded from factories, households, hospitals, etc. It is disposed of by incineration, burial / disposal in a garbage disposal site, etc.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、このよ
うな処理方法では、焼却によるダイオキシン等の有毒物
・有毒ガスの発生や、ごみ処理場周囲の環境への悪影響
など、産業廃棄物処理が公害発生源の一つとなってしま
うという問題があった。一方、焼却処理の場合にあって
は、産業廃棄物を完全に処理するためには高温処理を行
う必要があり、それに伴いガス発生量も増大する。この
ため、産業廃棄物の処理における発生ガスの無公害化処
理への負担が増大するのみならず、ガス爆発の危険をも
増大せしめるという問題があった。この場合、産業廃棄
物には種々雑多な物、特にプラスチック等の有機物、が
含まれているため常にガス発生量が不安定な状態での処
理を余儀なくされており、処理中に急激にガス発生量が
大きくなってしまうという危険な事態も生じていた。ま
た、高温処理により炉の損傷が大きいという問題もあっ
た。
However, in such a treatment method, industrial waste treatment causes pollution such as generation of toxic substances and gases such as dioxins due to incineration and adverse effects on the environment around the waste treatment plant. There was a problem of becoming one of the sources. On the other hand, in the case of incineration treatment, it is necessary to perform high temperature treatment in order to completely treat the industrial waste, and the gas generation amount increases accordingly. Therefore, there is a problem that not only the burden on the pollution-free treatment of the generated gas in the treatment of the industrial waste increases but also the risk of gas explosion increases. In this case, industrial waste contains various miscellaneous substances, especially organic substances such as plastics, and therefore it is inevitable that the amount of gas generated will always be unstable. There was also a dangerous situation in which the volume increased. In addition, there is a problem that the furnace is greatly damaged by the high temperature treatment.

【0004】本発明は、上記問題に鑑み、二次的公害を
発生させることなく有機物を含む産業廃棄物を無公害化
処理するのみならず、ガス発生量を一定化して安全かつ
効率的に有機物を含む産業廃棄物を処理する方法を提供
することを目的とする。
In view of the above problems, the present invention not only treats industrial wastes containing organic substances as pollution-free without generating secondary pollution, but also makes the amount of gas generated constant to safely and efficiently organic substances. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for treating industrial waste containing

【0005】[0005]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
請求項1の本発明に係る有機物を含む産業廃棄物の処理
方法は、有機物を含む産業廃棄物を加熱することによっ
て処理する産業廃棄物の処理方法において、該産業廃棄
物に含まれる有機物を無酸素状態で熱分解し、該熱分解
により発生した熱分解ガスを燃焼させると共に該燃焼に
より生じるガスの温度を検出し、該検出温度に基づき上
記産業廃棄物に対する加熱温度を制御することにより熱
分解ガス発生量を制御する構成としている。
In order to achieve the above object, the method for treating industrial waste containing organic matter according to the present invention of claim 1 is an industrial waste treated by heating industrial waste containing organic matter. In the treatment method, the organic matter contained in the industrial waste is pyrolyzed in an oxygen-free state, the pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis is burned, and the temperature of the gas generated by the combustion is detected. Based on the above, the heating temperature for the industrial waste is controlled to control the amount of pyrolysis gas generated.

【0006】また、請求項2の発明のように、上記検出
温度に所定の基準温度を設定すると共に、上記検出温度
を該基準温度近傍に維持して上記産業廃棄物に対する加
熱温度を制御することにより熱分解ガス発生量を制御す
るようにしてもよい。この場合、請求項3の発明のよう
に、上記検出温度が上記基準温度より高温のときは上記
産業廃棄物に対する加熱温度を低下させ、上記検出温度
が上記基準温度より低温のときは上記産業廃棄物に対す
る加熱温度を上昇させることにより上記検出温度を上記
基準温度近傍に維持するようにしてもよい。さらに、請
求項4の発明のように、上記産業廃棄物は複数種類の有
機物を含み、上記産業廃棄物に対する加熱温度の制御に
より熱分解ガス発生量を略一定に制御することにより上
記産業廃棄物に対する加熱温度を上昇させて行き上記複
数種類の有機物を熱分解温度の低い順から順次熱分解す
るようにしてもよい。
According to the second aspect of the present invention, a predetermined reference temperature is set for the detected temperature, and the detected temperature is maintained near the reference temperature to control the heating temperature for the industrial waste. The amount of thermal decomposition gas generated may be controlled by. In this case, when the detected temperature is higher than the reference temperature, the heating temperature for the industrial waste is lowered, and when the detected temperature is lower than the reference temperature, the industrial waste is used. The detected temperature may be maintained near the reference temperature by increasing the heating temperature for the object. Further, as in the invention of claim 4, the industrial waste contains a plurality of kinds of organic substances, and the amount of pyrolysis gas generated is controlled to be substantially constant by controlling the heating temperature for the industrial waste, so that the industrial waste is The heating temperature may be increased to sequentially pyrolyze the plurality of types of organic substances in ascending order of pyrolysis temperature.

【0007】加えて、請求項5の発明では、上記熱分解
ガスを水に導入して水溶性成分を溶解除去した後に燃焼
させる構成としており、一方、請求項6の発明では、上
記有機物がプラスチックであること、請求項7の発明で
は上記有機物が廃油であることを特徴としている。
In addition, in the invention of claim 5, the pyrolysis gas is introduced into water to dissolve and remove water-soluble components and then burned. On the other hand, in the invention of claim 6, the organic substance is plastic. According to the invention of claim 7, the organic matter is waste oil.

【0008】[0008]

【作用】このような構成を備えた本発明の産業廃棄物の
処理廃液処理方法によれば、有機物を含む産業廃棄物を
無酸素状態で熱分解する。次に熱分解により発生したガ
スをその中の水溶性成分を溶解除去した後燃焼させる。
そして、この燃焼ガスの温度を検出して、検出温度が所
定の基準温度より高温のとき産業廃棄物に対する加熱温
度を低下させ、検出温度が基準温度より低温のとき産業
廃棄物に対する加熱温度を上昇させるように炉の温度を
きめ細かく制御する。この加熱温度制御により熱分解ガ
スの発生量を一定化する。
According to the method for treating waste liquid of industrial waste of the present invention having such a configuration, the industrial waste containing organic substances is thermally decomposed in an oxygen-free state. Next, the gas generated by thermal decomposition is burned after dissolving and removing water-soluble components therein.
Then, by detecting the temperature of the combustion gas, when the detected temperature is higher than a predetermined reference temperature, the heating temperature for industrial waste is lowered, and when the detected temperature is lower than the reference temperature, the heating temperature for industrial waste is increased. Finely control the temperature of the furnace so that By this heating temperature control, the amount of pyrolysis gas generated is made constant.

【0009】また、熱分解ガスの発生量を一定化しつ
つ、産業廃棄物に対する加熱温度を徐々に上昇させる。
これにより、種々の有機物を含む産業廃棄物であって
も、熱分解ガスを一定量に保ちつつ安全かつ効率的に処
理することができる。
Further, the heating temperature for industrial waste is gradually increased while the amount of pyrolysis gas generated is kept constant.
As a result, even industrial waste containing various organic substances can be safely and efficiently treated while maintaining a fixed amount of pyrolysis gas.

【0010】[0010]

【実施例】次に、本発明の実施例につき図面を参照して
説明する。図1は、本発明の方法が適用される産業廃棄
物処理システムの全体構成の概略を示す図である。図1
において、1は熱分解装置、2はタール除去装置、3は
溶液フィルタ、4は中和洗浄装置、5は消臭処理装置を
示し、それぞれは配管7によって接続されている。そし
て、有機物を含んだ産業廃棄物8を熱分解装置1に投入
して減圧用ポンプ9による負圧下において産業廃棄物8
を熱分解させ、その生成ガスを溶液フィルタ3や中和洗
浄装置4を通し、最終的に消臭処理装置5において燃焼
させる構成となっている。本発明は、消臭処理装置5に
おける燃焼ガスの温度を検出し、その温度に基づき熱分
解装置1における加熱温度を制御するものである。これ
により、熱分解ガスの発生量が略一定となるように制御
し、安全かつ効率的に有機物を含んだ産業廃棄物の処理
を行う。
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of the overall configuration of an industrial waste treatment system to which the method of the present invention is applied. FIG.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a thermal decomposition device, 2 is a tar removal device, 3 is a solution filter, 4 is a neutralization cleaning device, and 5 is a deodorizing treatment device, and each is connected by a pipe 7. Then, the industrial waste 8 containing the organic matter is introduced into the thermal decomposition apparatus 1 and the industrial waste 8 is put under negative pressure by the decompression pump 9.
Is thermally decomposed, the generated gas is passed through the solution filter 3 and the neutralization cleaning device 4, and finally burned in the deodorization processing device 5. The present invention detects the temperature of the combustion gas in the deodorization processing device 5 and controls the heating temperature in the thermal decomposition device 1 based on the temperature. As a result, the amount of pyrolysis gas generated is controlled to be substantially constant, and the industrial waste containing organic substances is safely and efficiently treated.

【0011】このような構成からなる産業廃棄物処理シ
ステムにおいて、熱分解装置1は産業廃棄物8を加熱し
て熱分解させる装置である。本実施例では、熱分解は無
酸素状態にて行われる。このように無酸素状態にて処理
を行うのは、例えば塩素系高分子化合物が混在する産業
廃棄物を酸素存在雰囲気にて処理すると、酸素と塩素か
ら猛毒のダイオキシンが発生する恐れがあり、無酸素状
態とすることによりこのような有毒物の発生が防止でき
るからである。この熱分解装置1により、産業廃棄物8
が熱分解処理され熱分解ガスが発生する。なお、ここで
言う熱分解ガスとは、廃油等油分の多い廃棄物を熱分解
した場合に生じるオイルミストのような霧状の成分を含
んだ、霧状成分とガス成分との混合体をも含む概念であ
る。一方、この熱分解装置1の加熱はバーナ10によっ
て行われる。そして、このバーナ10の点火状態を制御
することにより熱分解装置1内の温度が制御される。な
お、この熱分解装置1は、電気炉により形成することも
可能であり、その場合には内部の温度は電源のスイッチ
のON・OFFにより制御される。
In the industrial waste treatment system having such a structure, the thermal decomposition apparatus 1 is an apparatus for heating the industrial waste 8 to thermally decompose it. In this example, the thermal decomposition is performed in the anoxic state. As described above, the treatment in an oxygen-free state is performed, for example, when industrial waste containing a chlorine-based polymer compound is treated in an oxygen-existing atmosphere, there is a possibility that toxic dioxin is generated from oxygen and chlorine. This is because the oxygen state can prevent the generation of such toxic substances. With this thermal decomposition device 1, industrial waste 8
Is pyrolyzed to generate pyrolysis gas. The pyrolysis gas referred to here also includes a mixture of a mist component and a gas component, which contains a mist component such as oil mist generated when thermally decomposing waste with a large amount of oil such as waste oil. It is a concept that includes. On the other hand, heating of the thermal decomposition apparatus 1 is performed by the burner 10. Then, the temperature inside the thermal decomposition apparatus 1 is controlled by controlling the ignition state of the burner 10. The thermal decomposition apparatus 1 can also be formed by an electric furnace, in which case the internal temperature is controlled by turning on / off the switch of the power source.

【0012】溶液フィルタ3は、熱分解装置1において
有機物を含む産業廃棄物8を熱分解した際に生じる熱分
解ガス中の水溶性成分を溶解除去するためのものであ
る。例えば、塩素系高分子化合物を熱分解した際に生じ
る塩化水素をこの溶液フィルタ3により溶解除去する。
この溶液フィルタ3により、人体や設備に損傷を与える
ような酸性ガス等の有毒ガスはほとんど除去される。な
お、熱分解ガス中に含まれるタール分はタール除去装置
2により除去される。中和洗浄装置4は、溶液フィルタ
3の後段に設けられ、溶液フィルタ3から送られてくる
ガスに含まれる残存塩化水素の中和・吸収を行うもので
ある。これにより、例えば、中に水酸化ナトリウム(NaO
H)水溶液を満たしておき溶液フィルタ3で取りきれなか
った塩化水素を吸収させることができる。減圧用ポンプ
9は、熱分解装置1や溶液フィルタ3、中和洗浄装置4
等を吸引して負圧下において産業廃棄物の熱分解を行わ
しめるためものである。
The solution filter 3 is for dissolving and removing water-soluble components in the pyrolysis gas produced when the industrial waste 8 containing organic substances is pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis apparatus 1. For example, hydrogen chloride generated when the chlorine-based polymer compound is thermally decomposed is dissolved and removed by the solution filter 3.
The solution filter 3 removes most of the toxic gas such as acid gas that may damage the human body or equipment. The tar content contained in the pyrolysis gas is removed by the tar removal device 2. The neutralization cleaning device 4 is provided in the subsequent stage of the solution filter 3 and neutralizes and absorbs residual hydrogen chloride contained in the gas sent from the solution filter 3. Thereby, for example, sodium hydroxide (NaO
H) It is possible to absorb hydrogen chloride that cannot be completely removed by the solution filter 3 by filling it with the aqueous solution. The decompression pump 9 includes the thermal decomposition device 1, the solution filter 3, the neutralization cleaning device 4
It is for sucking the air and the like to thermally decompose the industrial waste under a negative pressure.

【0013】消臭処理装置5は、熱分解装置1の生成ガ
スのうち溶液フィルタ3や中和洗浄装置4において吸収
されずに残っている成分を熱分解したり燃焼させたりす
ることにより無臭・無毒化する装置である。ここでは、
熱分解装置1において生成された、メタンガスやエタン
ガスをバーナにより点火して自己燃焼させると共に、そ
の熱により臭気成分の燃焼処理や熱分解処理を行う。一
方、本実施例ではこの消臭処理装置5に、燃焼等された
後に発生する燃焼ガスや熱分解ガスの温度を検出するガ
ス温度検出装置11が設けられている。このガス温度検
出装置11は、消臭処理装置5内の炉心から若干離れた
ところに設けられている。これは、炉心近くは温度が10
00℃以上になり、装置が損傷してしまうこと及び、炉心
近くは炎の影響等により温度が不安定なため基準値とし
て用いるのには不適当であるからである。しかしなが
ら、炉心におけるガス温度と、炉心から若干離れた場所
におけるガス温度とは相関関係がある。そこで、その関
係を予め把握しておくことにより、炉心から若干離れた
場所のガス温度から炉心の温度を間接的に検出できる。
すなわち、炉心から若干離れた場所のガス温度を測定す
ることで生成ガス量の変動を測定することができる。こ
こで検出された燃焼ガス温度は加熱温度制御装置12に
送られて所定の基準温度と比較される。そして、燃焼ガ
ス温度と基準温度との関係に基づきバーナ10が制御さ
れ熱分解装置1における加熱温度が制御される。なお、
消臭処理装置5における燃焼ガスは、その持つ熱エネル
ギを熱分解装置1の加熱用や、発電、暖房等に再利用す
ることもできる。
The deodorizing device 5 is odorless by thermally decomposing or burning the components of the gas produced by the thermal decomposition device 1 that have not been absorbed by the solution filter 3 and the neutralization cleaning device 4. It is a detoxifying device. here,
The methane gas or ethane gas generated in the thermal decomposition apparatus 1 is ignited by a burner to self-combust, and the heat of the combustion processing or thermal decomposition processing of odorous components is performed. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the deodorization processing device 5 is provided with a gas temperature detection device 11 for detecting the temperature of the combustion gas or the pyrolysis gas generated after combustion or the like. The gas temperature detection device 11 is provided in the deodorization processing device 5 at a position slightly apart from the core. This is because the temperature near the core is 10
It is unsuitable for use as a reference value because the temperature becomes unstable at temperatures above 00 ° C due to the effects of flames and the like near the core and the equipment is damaged. However, there is a correlation between the gas temperature in the core and the gas temperature in a place slightly away from the core. Therefore, by grasping the relationship in advance, the temperature of the core can be indirectly detected from the gas temperature at a place slightly away from the core.
That is, it is possible to measure the fluctuation of the generated gas amount by measuring the gas temperature at a place slightly away from the core. The combustion gas temperature detected here is sent to the heating temperature control device 12 and compared with a predetermined reference temperature. Then, the burner 10 is controlled based on the relationship between the combustion gas temperature and the reference temperature, and the heating temperature in the thermal decomposition apparatus 1 is controlled. In addition,
The combustion gas in the deodorization processing device 5 can also reuse the thermal energy of the combustion gas for heating the thermal decomposition device 1, power generation, heating, and the like.

【0014】次に、本発明の方法により有機物を含む産
業廃棄物を処理する場合の具体例について説明する。な
お、本例では、有機物として複数のプラスチックを含む
産業廃棄物を処理する場合について述べる。図2は、各
種プラスチックの熱分解の様子を示すグラフである。こ
のグラフより、例えば塩化ビニル(PVC)は、その熱
分解点である273 ℃においてその重量の約60%が失われ
ることがわかる。また、プラスチックの種類により熱分
解点が異なり、温度を上昇させて行くに従ってユリア樹
脂(UF)、ポリウレタン(UR)、フェノール樹脂
(PF)というように順次熱分解して行くことがわか
る。本発明では、この熱分解点の違いに着目して熱分解
装置1の加熱温度を次第に上昇させて行くことにより複
数種類のプラスチックが混在している産業廃棄物を効率
的に処理する。
Next, a specific example of treating industrial waste containing organic substances by the method of the present invention will be described. In this example, a case where industrial waste containing a plurality of plastics as organic substances is treated will be described. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the state of thermal decomposition of various plastics. From this graph, it can be seen that, for example, vinyl chloride (PVC) loses about 60% of its weight at its thermal decomposition point of 273 ° C. Further, it can be seen that the thermal decomposition point differs depending on the type of plastic, and as the temperature increases, the thermal decomposition proceeds sequentially to urea resin (UF), polyurethane (UR), and phenol resin (PF). In the present invention, paying attention to the difference in the thermal decomposition point, the heating temperature of the thermal decomposition apparatus 1 is gradually increased to efficiently treat industrial waste in which a plurality of types of plastics are mixed.

【0015】本実施例では、熱分解装置1内の温度を無
酸素状態を維持しつつ徐々に上昇させて行く。熱分解装
置1内では、温度上昇に伴い、まず水分が蒸発し続いて
産業廃棄物中のプラスチックが順次熱分解して行く。す
なわち、図2に示したようなプラスチックを含む産業廃
棄物では、図2からわかるように、まず塩化ビニルが熱
分解し始める。この塩化ビニルの熱分解により、熱分解
装置1からは塩化水素ガスや二酸化炭素、それにメタン
等の種々の有機化合物が発生する。この熱分解ガスはタ
ール除去装置2や溶液フィルタ3、中和洗浄装置4を介
して消臭処理装置5へと到達する。そして、消臭処理装
置5により燃焼処理され、その燃焼ガスの温度がガス温
度検出装置11により検出される。
In this embodiment, the temperature inside the thermal decomposition apparatus 1 is gradually raised while maintaining the anoxic state. In the thermal decomposition apparatus 1, as the temperature rises, the water first evaporates, and then the plastic in the industrial waste is sequentially thermally decomposed. That is, in the industrial waste containing plastic as shown in FIG. 2, vinyl chloride first begins to thermally decompose, as can be seen from FIG. By this thermal decomposition of vinyl chloride, hydrogen chloride gas, carbon dioxide, and various organic compounds such as methane are generated from the thermal decomposition apparatus 1. The thermally decomposed gas reaches the deodorization processing device 5 via the tar removal device 2, the solution filter 3, and the neutralization cleaning device 4. Then, the deodorization processing device 5 performs a combustion process, and the temperature of the combustion gas is detected by the gas temperature detection device 11.

【0016】次に、ガス温度検出装置11において検出
された燃焼ガス温度(以下、検出温度と略す)は加熱温
度制御装置12に伝送される。ここで、加熱温度制御装
置12には燃焼ガスについて所定の基準温度が設定され
ており、この基準温度と検出温度が比較される。なお、
この基準温度は産業廃棄物の組成や量により適宜設定さ
れ、本実施例では基準温度として約 700〜 950℃が設定
されている。また、基準温度はある1点の温度には限ら
れず、850 ℃〜900 ℃というように一定幅を持った基準
温度領域として設定することもできる。さらに、例えば
930 ℃以下と上限のみを設定することも可能である。
Next, the combustion gas temperature (hereinafter abbreviated as detected temperature) detected by the gas temperature detection device 11 is transmitted to the heating temperature control device 12. Here, a predetermined reference temperature for the combustion gas is set in the heating temperature control device 12, and the reference temperature and the detected temperature are compared. In addition,
This reference temperature is appropriately set according to the composition and amount of industrial waste, and in this embodiment, the reference temperature is set to about 700 to 950 ° C. Further, the reference temperature is not limited to a temperature at one point, and it can be set as a reference temperature region having a certain width such as 850 ° C to 900 ° C. Furthermore, for example
It is also possible to set only 930 ° C or less and the upper limit.

【0018】加熱温度制御装置12では、基準温度と検
出温度を比較した上で、検出温度が基準温度より低温の
ときにはバーナ10を燃やし続け熱分解装置1における
産業廃棄物に対する加熱温度を上昇させる。一方、検出
温度が基準温度を超えたときにはバーナ10の燃焼を止
めて加熱温度を下げる。そして、再び検出温度が基準温
度を下回った場合にはバーナ10を点火して加熱温度を
上昇させる。このように、本発明によれば、検出温度と
基準温度の関係により熱分解装置1における加熱温度を
一定温度に維持することが可能となる。
The heating temperature control device 12 compares the reference temperature with the detected temperature, and when the detected temperature is lower than the reference temperature, continues to burn the burner 10 and raises the heating temperature for the industrial waste in the thermal decomposition device 1. On the other hand, when the detected temperature exceeds the reference temperature, the combustion of the burner 10 is stopped and the heating temperature is lowered. Then, when the detected temperature falls below the reference temperature again, the burner 10 is ignited to raise the heating temperature. As described above, according to the present invention, the heating temperature in the thermal decomposition apparatus 1 can be maintained at a constant temperature due to the relationship between the detected temperature and the reference temperature.

【0018】ところで、図2のグラフからわかるよう
に、加熱温度を上昇させて行くと順次異なる種類のプラ
スチックが熱分解して行く。すなわち、まず塩化ビニル
が熱分解してその熱分解ガスが発生する。このようにあ
る種のものが熱分解し始めて熱分解ガスが増えてくる
と、検出温度も次第に上昇して行きやがて基準温度に達
する。このように検出温度が基準温度に達すると、上述
のようにバーナ10が制御され熱分解装置1内の温度が
下げられる。すると次第に熱分解が収束しそれに伴い熱
分解ガスも減少する。そのため、検出温度も低下し基準
温度を下回るようになる。このように検出温度が低下す
ると再びバーナ10が点火し加熱温度が上昇する。この
繰返しにより、塩化ビニルが相当量熱分解して熱分解ガ
スの発生量が少なくなるまで加熱温度が一定範囲で維持
されて処理が進行する。
By the way, as can be seen from the graph of FIG. 2, as the heating temperature is raised, different types of plastics are sequentially thermally decomposed. That is, first, vinyl chloride is thermally decomposed to generate the thermally decomposed gas. As described above, when a certain kind of substance begins to be thermally decomposed and the amount of thermally decomposed gas increases, the detected temperature also gradually rises and eventually reaches the reference temperature. When the detected temperature reaches the reference temperature in this way, the burner 10 is controlled as described above and the temperature in the thermal decomposition apparatus 1 is lowered. Then, the thermal decomposition gradually converges, and the thermal decomposition gas also decreases accordingly. Therefore, the detected temperature also drops and falls below the reference temperature. When the detected temperature decreases in this way, the burner 10 is ignited again and the heating temperature rises. By repeating this, the heating temperature is maintained within a certain range and the treatment proceeds until the vinyl chloride is thermally decomposed to a considerable extent and the amount of the thermally decomposed gas is reduced.

【0019】次に、塩化ビニルが相当量熱分解して熱分
解ガスの発生量が少なくなり検出温度が低下してくると
再びバーナ10が点火し加熱温度が上昇する。この場
合、先に塩化ビニルが盛んに熱分解して熱分解ガスを発
生していたときに検出温度と基準温度とのバランスによ
りある一定範囲に維持されていた加熱温度では、既に塩
化ビニルが相当量熱分解してしまっているため、熱分解
ガスの発生量が先の場合に比べ少なく、その時点では検
出温度は基準温度に達しない。従って、加熱温度は先の
温度より上昇し他のプラスチックの熱分解ガスの発生を
促すことになる。すなわち、次に熱分解温度の低いユリ
ア樹脂やポリウレタンが次第に熱分解し始めて熱分解ガ
スが増え、検出温度が基準温度に達するまで加熱温度が
上昇する。やがて、これらの樹脂が盛んに熱分解を始
め、熱分解ガスが増加して検出温度が基準温度に達する
と再びバーナ10が制御され加熱温度の上昇を停止させ
る。この場合も上述の場合と同様に、これらの樹脂が相
当量熱分解してしまうまでこの加熱温度が一定範囲で維
持される。そして、熱分解が進み熱分解ガスが減少する
と加熱温度が再び上昇して行く。
Next, when a considerable amount of vinyl chloride is pyrolyzed and the amount of pyrolysis gas generated decreases and the detected temperature decreases, the burner 10 is ignited again and the heating temperature rises. In this case, at the heating temperature that was maintained in a certain range due to the balance between the detection temperature and the reference temperature when the vinyl chloride was actively pyrolyzed and the pyrolysis gas was generated, the vinyl chloride was already equivalent. Since the amount of pyrolysis gas is smaller than that in the previous case, the detected temperature does not reach the reference temperature. Therefore, the heating temperature rises above the above temperature and promotes the generation of pyrolysis gas of other plastics. That is, the urea resin or polyurethane having the next lowest thermal decomposition temperature gradually begins to thermally decompose, the thermal decomposition gas increases, and the heating temperature rises until the detection temperature reaches the reference temperature. Eventually, these resins start thermal decomposition actively, and when the thermal decomposition gas increases and the detected temperature reaches the reference temperature, the burner 10 is controlled again to stop the increase of the heating temperature. Also in this case, as in the case described above, this heating temperature is maintained within a certain range until a considerable amount of these resins are thermally decomposed. When the thermal decomposition progresses and the thermal decomposition gas decreases, the heating temperature rises again.

【0020】図3は、実際に医療廃棄物34kgを処理した
ときの消臭処理装置5における検出温度と熱分解装置1
での加熱温度の様子を示したグラフである。図3におい
て、A、Bは熱分解装置1での加熱温度、Cは溶液フィ
ルタ3の冷却水の温度、Dはタール除去装置の冷却水の
温度、E、Fは消臭処理装置5での検出温度、Gは消臭
処理装置5の冷却水の温度である。ここで、熱分解装置
1での加熱温度が2個あるのは、熱分解装置1の加熱炉
(図示せず)が内炉と外炉の2個の炉を有する構造とな
っているからである。また、消臭処理装置5の燃焼ガス
温度の検出も本実験例では2か所にて行いより細かな制
御を行っている。この場合、基準温度を別々に設定して
各々のデータを総合的に判断して加熱温度制御を行うこ
ともできる。例えば、本実験例では、第1のガス温度検
出装置11の基準温度を800 ℃に、また第2のガス温度
検出装置11の基準温度を900 ℃に設定している。な
お、本例では検出温度を2個としたがこれをさらに多く
の場所で検出し、基準温度もそれに応じて多数設けるこ
とも可能である。
FIG. 3 shows the temperature detected by the deodorizing treatment device 5 and the thermal decomposition device 1 when 34 kg of medical waste is actually treated.
5 is a graph showing the heating temperature in FIG. In FIG. 3, A and B are the heating temperature in the thermal decomposition apparatus 1, C is the temperature of the cooling water of the solution filter 3, D is the temperature of the cooling water of the tar removal apparatus, and E and F are the deodorization processing apparatus 5. The detected temperature, G, is the temperature of the cooling water of the deodorization processing device 5. Here, there are two heating temperatures in the thermal decomposition apparatus 1 because the heating furnace (not shown) of the thermal decomposition apparatus 1 has a structure having two furnaces, an inner furnace and an outer furnace. is there. Further, the combustion gas temperature of the deodorization processing device 5 is also detected in two places in this experimental example, and finer control is performed. In this case, the heating temperature control can be performed by setting the reference temperatures separately and comprehensively judging the respective data. For example, in this experimental example, the reference temperature of the first gas temperature detecting device 11 is set to 800 ° C., and the reference temperature of the second gas temperature detecting device 11 is set to 900 ° C. In this example, the number of detected temperatures is set to two, but it is also possible to detect this at more places and provide a large number of reference temperatures accordingly.

【0021】図3からわかるように、熱分解装置1の加
熱温度を上昇させて行き、ある温度に達すると検出温度
が急激に高くなる。これは、被処理物が熱分解し始めた
ことを示している。検出温度が基準温度以上に高くなる
と加熱温度が下げられる。そして、若干の時間差の後検
出温度が低下する。そして、検出温度が基準温度以下に
低下すると加熱温度が上げられ、若干の時間差の後検出
温度が上昇する。この繰返しにより加熱温度や熱分解ガ
ス発生量は略一定に保たれる。一方、熱分解が進み被処
理物の処理が終了すると熱分解ガスの発生量が減少し、
それに伴って検出温度が低下する。本実験では、医療廃
棄物が塩化ビニルを主とするものであることから、被処
理物の熱分解処理が終了してしまい、さらに加熱温度を
上げても検出温度は上昇しない。そこで本実験では加熱
をそこで打切り、その後消臭処理装置5の燃焼ガス温度
の検出も打切っている。
As can be seen from FIG. 3, when the heating temperature of the thermal decomposition apparatus 1 is raised and reaches a certain temperature, the detected temperature rapidly rises. This indicates that the object to be treated has begun to thermally decompose. When the detected temperature becomes higher than the reference temperature, the heating temperature is lowered. Then, the detected temperature decreases after a slight time difference. When the detected temperature falls below the reference temperature, the heating temperature is raised, and the detected temperature rises after a slight time difference. By repeating this, the heating temperature and the amount of pyrolysis gas generated are kept substantially constant. On the other hand, when thermal decomposition progresses and the processing of the object to be processed ends, the amount of thermal decomposition gas generated decreases,
Along with that, the detected temperature decreases. In this experiment, since the medical waste mainly consists of vinyl chloride, the thermal decomposition treatment of the object to be treated ends, and the detected temperature does not rise even if the heating temperature is further raised. Therefore, in this experiment, the heating is stopped there, and then the detection of the combustion gas temperature of the deodorization processing device 5 is also stopped.

【0022】なお、図3では、加熱温度を一定に保った
後加熱温度が徐々に上昇するようにはなっていない。こ
れは、上述のように、被処理物が塩化ビニルを主とする
ものであるためである。しかしながら、グラフからわか
るように、被処理物の減少に伴って検出温度が低下して
おり、もし被処理物に種々の有機物が混在しており、か
つここで制御をOFFしなければ加熱温度が上昇に転
じ、さらに高い温度で他の物質の熱分解が行われること
になる。
In FIG. 3, the heating temperature does not gradually rise after the heating temperature is kept constant. This is because the object to be treated is mainly vinyl chloride as described above. However, as can be seen from the graph, the detected temperature decreases as the object to be processed decreases, and if various organic substances are mixed in the object to be processed, and if the control is not turned off here, the heating temperature is It will start to rise and the thermal decomposition of other substances will occur at higher temperatures.

【0023】このように、本発明の方法によれば、プラ
スチックが熱分解し、その熱分解ガスが増加する間はそ
の加熱温度を維持し、熱分解が進み熱分解ガスが減り始
めると加熱温度を次第に上昇させて行きさらに熱分解温
度の高い物質の熱分解を促す。すなわち、検出温度によ
り加熱温度を制御することで熱分解の進行を制御し、こ
れにより熱分解ガス量の一定化を図ることが可能とな
る。なお、本発明では、加熱温度がある温度範囲におい
て維持され上下動を繰り返した後徐々に上昇に転じる。
従って、本発明において加熱温度を上昇させると言うの
は、単に温度を単調増加させることのみならず、上下動
を繰返しつつも次第に温度が上昇することをも含んだ意
味である。
As described above, according to the method of the present invention, the heating temperature is maintained while the plastic is pyrolyzed and the pyrolysis gas increases, and when the pyrolysis progresses and the pyrolysis gas begins to decrease, the heating temperature increases. Is gradually increased to promote thermal decomposition of a substance having a higher thermal decomposition temperature. That is, it is possible to control the progress of thermal decomposition by controlling the heating temperature according to the detected temperature, and thereby to make the amount of thermal decomposition gas constant. In the present invention, the heating temperature is maintained within a certain temperature range, the vertical movement is repeated, and then the temperature gradually rises.
Therefore, in the present invention, increasing the heating temperature means not only simply increasing the temperature but also gradually increasing the temperature while repeating the vertical movement.

【0024】また、本発明では消臭処理装置5における
燃焼ガスまたは熱分解 ガスの温度を検出して加熱温度
を制御しているが、熱分解装置1や溶液フィルタ3の後
や、消臭処理装置5の前等で熱分解ガスの量を、流量計
等により直接測定したりすることにより加熱温度を制御
することも勿論可能である。
Further, in the present invention, the heating temperature is controlled by detecting the temperature of the combustion gas or the pyrolysis gas in the deodorization treatment device 5, but after the pyrolysis device 1 and the solution filter 3 and the deodorization treatment. Of course, it is also possible to control the heating temperature by directly measuring the amount of the pyrolysis gas in front of the device 5 by using a flow meter or the like.

【0025】[0025]

【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明の産業廃棄
物処理方法によれば、産業廃棄物の熱分解ガスを燃焼さ
せ、その燃焼ガス温度に基づき加熱温度を制御して熱分
解ガス発生量を制御することにより、有機物を含む産業
廃棄物を、熱分解ガスの急激な増加による危険を伴うこ
となく安全かつ効率良く一括処理することができるとい
う効果がある。特に、種々雑多な有機物が含まれる産業
廃棄物であっても、その有機物がプラスチックであろう
と有機汚泥や木材、廃油であろうと、被処理物の組成に
関係なく安全かつ効率良く一括処理することができる。
As described above, according to the industrial waste treatment method of the present invention, the pyrolysis gas of the industrial waste is burned, and the heating temperature is controlled based on the combustion gas temperature to generate the pyrolysis gas. By controlling the amount, there is an effect that industrial waste including organic substances can be collectively processed safely and efficiently without danger due to a rapid increase in thermal decomposition gas. In particular, even if industrial waste contains various miscellaneous organic matter, regardless of the composition of the material to be treated, whether the organic matter is plastic, organic sludge, wood, or waste oil, should be treated safely and efficiently. You can

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】本発明による産業廃棄物処理システムの全体構
成の概略を示す図である。
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of an overall configuration of an industrial waste treatment system according to the present invention.

【図2】各種プラスチックの熱分解の様子を示すグラフ
である。
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the state of thermal decomposition of various plastics.

【図3】本発明を適用した実験例における検出温度と熱
分解装置の加熱温度の様子を示したグラフである。
FIG. 3 is a graph showing a state of a detection temperature and a heating temperature of a thermal decomposition apparatus in an experimental example to which the present invention is applied.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 熱分解装置 2 タール除去装置 3 溶液フィルタ 4 中和洗浄装置 5 消臭処理装置 7 配管 8 産業廃棄物 9 減圧用ポンプ 10 バーナ 11 ガス温度検出装置 12 加熱温度制御装置 1 Thermal Decomposition Device 2 Tar Removal Device 3 Solution Filter 4 Neutralization Cleaning Device 5 Deodorization Treatment Device 7 Piping 8 Industrial Waste 9 Decompression Pump 10 Burner 11 Gas Temperature Detection Device 12 Heating Temperature Control Device

Claims (7)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 有機物を含む産業廃棄物を加熱すること
によって処理する産業廃棄物の処理方法において、該産
業廃棄物に含まれる有機物を無酸素状態で熱分解し、該
熱分解により発生した熱分解ガスを燃焼させると共に該
燃焼により生じるガスの温度を検出し、該検出温度に基
づき上記産業廃棄物に対する加熱温度を制御することに
より熱分解ガス発生量を制御することを特徴とする有機
物を含む産業廃棄物の処理方法。
1. In a method for treating industrial waste, which comprises treating industrial waste containing organic matter by heating, the organic matter contained in the industrial waste is thermally decomposed in an oxygen-free state, and the heat generated by the thermal decomposition is generated. An organic substance characterized by controlling the amount of thermal decomposition gas generated by burning the decomposition gas, detecting the temperature of the gas generated by the combustion, and controlling the heating temperature for the industrial waste based on the detected temperature. Industrial waste treatment method.
【請求項2】 上記検出温度に所定の基準温度を設定す
ると共に、上記検出温度を該基準温度近傍に維持して上
記産業廃棄物に対する加熱温度を制御することにより熱
分解ガス発生量を制御することを特徴とする請求項1に
記載の有機物を含む産業廃棄物の処理方法。
2. The amount of pyrolysis gas generated is controlled by setting a predetermined reference temperature for the detected temperature and maintaining the detected temperature in the vicinity of the reference temperature to control the heating temperature for the industrial waste. The method for treating industrial waste containing organic matter according to claim 1, characterized in that.
【請求項3】 上記検出温度が上記基準温度より高温の
ときは上記産業廃棄物に対する加熱温度を低下させ、上
記検出温度が上記基準温度より低温のときは上記産業廃
棄物に対する加熱温度を上昇させることにより上記検出
温度を上記基準温度近傍に維持することを特徴とする請
求項2に記載の有機物を含む産業廃棄物の処理方法。
3. The heating temperature for the industrial waste is lowered when the detected temperature is higher than the reference temperature, and the heating temperature for the industrial waste is raised when the detected temperature is lower than the reference temperature. The method for treating industrial waste containing organic matter according to claim 2, wherein the detected temperature is maintained near the reference temperature.
【請求項4】 上記産業廃棄物は複数種類の有機物を含
み、上記産業廃棄物に対する加熱温度の制御により熱分
解ガス発生量を略一定に制御することにより上記産業廃
棄物に対する加熱温度を上昇させて行き上記複数種類の
有機物を熱分解温度の低い順から順次熱分解することを
特徴とする請求項1〜3に記載の有機物を含む産業廃棄
物の処理方法。
4. The industrial waste contains a plurality of types of organic substances, and the heating temperature for the industrial waste is raised by controlling the heating temperature for the industrial waste to a substantially constant amount. The method for treating industrial waste containing organic matter according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of types of organic matter are pyrolyzed sequentially from the one having the lowest thermal decomposition temperature.
【請求項5】 上記熱分解ガスを水に導入して水溶性成
分を溶解除去した後に燃焼させることを特徴とする請求
項1〜4に記載の有機物を含む産業廃棄物の処理方法。
5. The method for treating industrial waste containing organic matter according to claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis gas is introduced into water to dissolve and remove water-soluble components and then burned.
【請求項6】 上記有機物がプラスチックであることを
特徴とする請求項1〜5に記載の有機物を含む産業廃棄
物の処理方法。
6. The method for treating industrial waste containing organic matter according to claim 1, wherein the organic matter is plastic.
【請求項7】 上記有機物が廃油であることを特徴とす
る請求項1〜5に記載の有機物を含む産業廃棄物の処理
方法。
7. The method for treating industrial waste containing organic matter according to claim 1, wherein the organic matter is waste oil.
JP9450595A 1995-03-28 1995-03-28 Treating method of industrial waste containing organic substance Pending JPH08261434A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9450595A JPH08261434A (en) 1995-03-28 1995-03-28 Treating method of industrial waste containing organic substance

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9450595A JPH08261434A (en) 1995-03-28 1995-03-28 Treating method of industrial waste containing organic substance

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH08261434A true JPH08261434A (en) 1996-10-11

Family

ID=14112180

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP9450595A Pending JPH08261434A (en) 1995-03-28 1995-03-28 Treating method of industrial waste containing organic substance

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH08261434A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4918185B1 (en) * 2011-09-13 2012-04-18 柳田産業株式会社 Hybrid incinerator system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4918185B1 (en) * 2011-09-13 2012-04-18 柳田産業株式会社 Hybrid incinerator system

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