JPH08136495A - Biosensor - Google Patents

Biosensor

Info

Publication number
JPH08136495A
JPH08136495A JP6273595A JP27359594A JPH08136495A JP H08136495 A JPH08136495 A JP H08136495A JP 6273595 A JP6273595 A JP 6273595A JP 27359594 A JP27359594 A JP 27359594A JP H08136495 A JPH08136495 A JP H08136495A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
reaction layer
layer
enzyme
lactic acid
basic compound
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP6273595A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Satoko Fujisawa
里子 藤澤
Toshihiko Yoshioka
俊彦 吉岡
Shiro Nankai
史朗 南海
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP6273595A priority Critical patent/JPH08136495A/en
Publication of JPH08136495A publication Critical patent/JPH08136495A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a highly precise response without being affected by pH of a sample liquid by containing an electron receptor, an enzyme, a hydrophilic polymer, and a basic compound in a reaction layer. CONSTITUTION: An electrode system composed of leads 2, 3, a measuring electrode 4 made of a conductive carbon paste, and an opposite electrode 5 is formed in an insulating substrate 1 and a CMC layer is formed on the electrode system by dropping an aqueous solution of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a hydrophilic polymer and drying. On the CMC layer, an aqueous solution of a mixture of lactic acid oxidase (LOD) as an enzyme, potassium ferricyanide as an electron receptor, and K2 HPO4 as a basic compound is dropped and dried to form a reaction layer 7. When an aqueous L-lactic acid solution as a sample liquid is supplied to the reaction layer 7, the reaction layer 7 is dissolved and pH is adjusted to be a suitable pH value for the enzyme by the basic compound and the L-lactic acid in the sample liquid is oxidized by the LOD. Potassium ferricyanide is reduced to potassium ferrocyanide by the oxidization reaction and oxidization current of current value corresponding to the concentration of lactic acid as a substrate by applying pulse voltage can be obtained.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、試料中の特定成分を、
酵素反応を利用して電子受容体を還元し、電子受容体の
還元量を電気化学的に計測して特定成分を定量するバイ
オセンサに関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a specific component in a sample,
The present invention relates to a biosensor that uses an enzymatic reaction to reduce an electron acceptor and electrochemically measures the reduction amount of the electron acceptor to quantify a specific component.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来、試料中の特定成分について、試料
液の希釈や撹拌などを行なわずに簡易に定量できる方法
として、以下のようなバイオセンサが開示されている。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the following biosensors have been disclosed as a method for easily quantifying a specific component in a sample without diluting or stirring the sample solution.

【0003】このバイオセンサは、絶縁性の基板上にス
クリーン印刷などの方法で電極系を形成し、上記電極系
上に親水性高分子と酸化還元酵素と電子受容体からなる
酵素反応層を形成し、前記酸化還元酵素と電子受容体と
試料液との反応に際しての物質濃度変化を電気化学的に
前記電極系で検知し、前記基質濃度を測定するものであ
る。
In this biosensor, an electrode system is formed on an insulating substrate by a method such as screen printing, and an enzyme reaction layer composed of a hydrophilic polymer, a redox enzyme and an electron acceptor is formed on the electrode system. Then, a change in the substance concentration during the reaction of the oxidoreductase, the electron acceptor and the sample solution is electrochemically detected by the electrode system to measure the substrate concentration.

【0004】これら、バイオセンサにおいては、酵素活
性および酵素の安定性は、種々の要因によって影響を受
けることが知られているが、pHもその一因である。そ
の影響を緩和させる手段として、2種以上の化合物の組
み合わせにより機能する緩衝剤を反応層中に含むセンサ
がある。
In these biosensors, the enzyme activity and the stability of the enzyme are known to be affected by various factors, and pH is also a factor. As a means for mitigating the influence, there is a sensor including a buffering agent which functions by a combination of two or more compounds in the reaction layer.

【0005】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、前記セ
ンサには緩衝剤を反応層中に含まないセンサに比べて保
存安定性が低下するといった問題点がある。また、反応
層中に含まれる試薬が多い場合には、その反応層表面の
平滑性が失われることによりサンプル供給時に気泡が生
じ易く、そのため応答精度が低下するなどといった課題
があった。
However, the above-mentioned sensor has a problem that the storage stability is lower than that of the sensor in which the buffer layer is not contained in the reaction layer. Further, when there are many reagents contained in the reaction layer, the smoothness of the surface of the reaction layer is lost, so that bubbles are likely to be generated at the time of supplying the sample, which causes a problem that the response accuracy decreases.

【0006】[0006]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、電子受容体、
酵素、親水性高分子、塩基性化合物を含む反応層を設け
たバイオセンサである。また、電子受容体、酵素、親水
性高分子からなる一層目の上に塩基性化合物を含む二層
目を積層したことを特徴とするバイオセンサである。
The present invention provides an electron acceptor,
A biosensor having a reaction layer containing an enzyme, a hydrophilic polymer, and a basic compound. Also, the biosensor is characterized in that a second layer containing a basic compound is laminated on a first layer composed of an electron acceptor, an enzyme and a hydrophilic polymer.

【0007】[0007]

【作用】本発明は上記した構成により、用いる酵素の至
適pHより酸性の示す試料液が供給された時に、反応層
中の塩基性化合物により、試料液のpHを酵素の至適p
Hに近い値にすることが可能である。また、電子受容
体、酵素、親水性高分子を含む層と塩基性化合物を含む
層を績層にすることにより、センサの保存安定性が向上
する。さらに本発明では、反応層中に緩衝剤を含む場合
に比べて反応層中の試薬量を低減させることが可能であ
り、乾燥状態における反応層表面はより平滑化され、応
答精度は向上する。
According to the present invention, when the sample solution which is more acidic than the optimum pH of the enzyme used is supplied, the basic compound in the reaction layer adjusts the pH of the sample solution to the optimum pH of the enzyme.
It can be a value close to H. In addition, the storage stability of the sensor is improved by forming the layer containing the electron acceptor, the enzyme, the hydrophilic polymer and the layer containing the basic compound as a fine layer. Further, in the present invention, it is possible to reduce the amount of the reagent in the reaction layer as compared with the case where the reaction layer contains a buffering agent, the surface of the reaction layer in a dry state is further smoothed, and the response accuracy is improved.

【0008】[0008]

【実施例】以下に本発明の一実施例のバイオセンサを説
明する。
EXAMPLE A biosensor according to an example of the present invention will be described below.

【0009】(実施例1)図1は本発明のバイオセンサ
の一実施例として作製した乳酸センサの断面図である。
また図2は図1の分解斜視図である(反応層は図示せ
ず)。
Example 1 FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a lactate sensor manufactured as an example of the biosensor of the present invention.
2 is an exploded perspective view of FIG. 1 (reaction layer is not shown).

【0010】以下、乳酸センサの作製方法について説明
する。ポリエチレンテレフタレートからなる絶縁性の基
板1に、スクリーン印刷により銀ペ−ストを印刷しリ−
ド2、3を形成する。次に、樹脂バインダーを含む導電
性カーボンペーストを用いて電極系のうち測定極4を、
続いて絶縁性ペーストからなる絶縁層6をそれぞれ印刷
形成する。
The method for producing the lactate sensor will be described below. An insulating substrate 1 made of polyethylene terephthalate is printed with a silver paste by screen printing and then reprinted.
Do 2, 3 are formed. Next, using a conductive carbon paste containing a resin binder, the measurement electrode 4 of the electrode system is
Then, the insulating layers 6 made of an insulating paste are formed by printing.

【0011】絶縁層6は測定極4の露出部分の面積を一
定とし、かつリ−ド2、3を部分的に覆っている。最後
に測定極と同一のカーボンペーストを用いて対極5を印
刷形成して、測定極4、および測定極5からなる電極系
を形成する。
The insulating layer 6 keeps the exposed area of the measuring electrode 4 constant and partially covers the leads 2 and 3. Finally, the counter electrode 5 is formed by printing using the same carbon paste as the measurement electrode to form an electrode system including the measurement electrode 4 and the measurement electrode 5.

【0012】次に、前記電極系上に親水性高分子として
カルボキシメチルセルロ−ス(以下CMCと略す)の水
溶液を滴下、乾燥させてCMC層を形成した。つづい
て、前記CMC層上に酵素として乳酸オキシダーゼ(以
下LODと略す)と、電子受容体としてフェリシアン化
カリウムと、塩基性化合物としてK2HPO4を水に溶解
させた混合溶液を滴下し、50℃の温風乾燥器中で10
分間乾燥させて反応層7を形成する。
Next, an aqueous solution of carboxymethyl cellulose (hereinafter abbreviated as CMC) as a hydrophilic polymer was dropped on the electrode system and dried to form a CMC layer. Subsequently, a mixed solution of lactate oxidase (hereinafter abbreviated as LOD) as an enzyme, potassium ferricyanide as an electron acceptor, and K 2 HPO 4 as a basic compound in water was added dropwise onto the CMC layer at 50 ° C. 10 in the warm air dryer
The reaction layer 7 is formed by drying for a minute.

【0013】上記の反応層形成工程において、酵素およ
び電子受容体の混合溶液を滴下すると、親水性高分子か
らなるCMC層は一度溶解し、その後の乾燥過程で酵素
などと混合された形で反応層7を形成する。しかし、撹
拌等をともなわないため完全な混合状態とはならず、電
極系表面はCMCのみによって被覆された状態となる。
In the above reaction layer forming step, when a mixed solution of an enzyme and an electron acceptor is dropped, the CMC layer made of a hydrophilic polymer is once dissolved and reacted in a form of being mixed with the enzyme in the subsequent drying process. Form the layer 7. However, since it is not accompanied by stirring or the like, it is not in a completely mixed state, and the electrode system surface is in a state of being covered only with CMC.

【0014】前記のようにして反応層7を形成した後、
カバー9およびスペーサ8を図2中、一点鎖線で示すよ
うな位置関係をもって接着した。
After forming the reaction layer 7 as described above,
The cover 9 and the spacer 8 were adhered in a positional relationship as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG.

【0015】カバー9、およびスペーサ8を用いなくと
も本発明の効果に何ら影響はないが、カバー9を装着す
るとカバー9とスペーサ8によって出来る空間部の毛細
管現象によって、試料液はセンサ先端の試料供給孔10
に接触させるだけの簡易操作で容易に反応層部分へ導入
される。なお、試料液を円滑に供給するためには、さら
に必要に応じて、レシチンのトルエン溶液を試料供給部
から反応層にかけての面上へ展開し乾燥するとよい。
Even if the cover 9 and the spacer 8 are not used, the effect of the present invention is not affected at all. However, when the cover 9 is attached, the sample liquid at the tip of the sensor is sampled by the capillary phenomenon in the space formed by the cover 9 and the spacer 8. Supply hole 10
It is easily introduced into the reaction layer part by a simple operation of simply contacting with. In order to smoothly supply the sample solution, it is preferable to further spread a toluene solution of lecithin on the surface from the sample supply section to the reaction layer and dry it, if necessary.

【0016】上記のように作製した乳酸センサに、試料
液としてL−乳酸水溶液を試料供給孔10より供給し
た。試料液は毛細管現象によって速やかに空気孔11部
分まで達し、電極系上の反応層が溶解した。
An L-lactic acid aqueous solution as a sample solution was supplied from the sample supply hole 10 to the lactic acid sensor manufactured as described above. The sample liquid quickly reached the air holes 11 by the capillary phenomenon, and the reaction layer on the electrode system was dissolved.

【0017】試料液を供給してから一定時間後に電極系
の対極5を基準にして測定極4にアノード方向へ+0.
5Vのパルス電圧を印加し、5秒後の電流値を測定した
ところ、試料液中のL−乳酸濃度に比例した応答電流値
が得られた。
After a certain period of time from the supply of the sample solution, the counter electrode 5 of the electrode system is used as a reference and the measurement electrode 4 is moved toward the anode +0.
When a pulse voltage of 5 V was applied and the current value was measured 5 seconds later, a response current value proportional to the L-lactic acid concentration in the sample solution was obtained.

【0018】反応層7が酸性のL−乳酸水溶液に溶解す
ると、塩基性化合物によって酵素の至適pHであるpH
7付近に調整され、試料液中のL−乳酸はLODによる
酸化を受ける。LODによる酸化反応で移動した電子に
よってフェリシアン化カリウムがフェロシアン化カリウ
ムに還元される。次に、前記のパルス電圧の印加によ
り、生成したフェロシアン化カリウムの酸化電流が得ら
れ、この電流値は基質である乳酸濃度に対応する。
When the reaction layer 7 is dissolved in an acidic L-lactic acid aqueous solution, the basic compound causes a pH of the optimum pH of the enzyme.
It was adjusted to around 7, and L-lactic acid in the sample solution was oxidized by LOD. The electrons transferred by the oxidation reaction by LOD reduce potassium ferricyanide to potassium ferrocyanide. Next, by applying the pulse voltage, an oxidation current of the produced potassium ferrocyanide is obtained, and this current value corresponds to the concentration of lactic acid as a substrate.

【0019】緩衝剤は2種以上の化合物の組合せによっ
て機能するが、前記構成のセンサでは1種以上の塩基性
化合物を含有させればよく、緩衝剤を反応層中に含むセ
ンサに比較して反応層表面が平滑になり、試料液供給後
の溶解がスムーズに進み、精度の高い応答値が得られ
る。
The buffer functions by a combination of two or more kinds of compounds, but the sensor having the above-mentioned structure may contain one or more kinds of basic compounds, which is more than that of the sensor containing the buffer in the reaction layer. The surface of the reaction layer becomes smooth, dissolution after the supply of the sample solution proceeds smoothly, and a highly accurate response value is obtained.

【0020】また、センサ作製時には予め緩衝剤を調整
する必要がなく、製造工程において低コスト化に役立つ
ものである。
Further, it is not necessary to adjust the buffer agent in advance at the time of manufacturing the sensor, which contributes to cost reduction in the manufacturing process.

【0021】(実施例2)実施例1と同様にして、絶縁
性の基板1上に、スクリーン印刷により図1に示すリー
ド2、3、作用極4および5からなる電極系、絶縁層6
を形成する。
(Embodiment 2) In the same manner as in Embodiment 1, an electrode system including leads 2, 3 and working electrodes 4 and 5 and an insulating layer 6 shown in FIG.
To form.

【0022】次に、前記電極系上に親水性高分子として
CMC水溶液を展開し、乾燥させてCMC層を形成す
る。つづいて、前記CMC層上に酵素としてLODと、
電子受容体としてフェリシアン化カリウムの混合水溶液
を展開し、温風乾燥器中で乾燥させて反応層を形成す
る。さらに、前記反応層上に塩基性化合物としてK2
PO4を分散した有機溶媒溶液を展開し、溶媒を揮発乾
燥させ反応層を形成する。K2HPO4の分散に際しては
レシチンなどの分散剤を用いることも有効である。
Next, a CMC aqueous solution as a hydrophilic polymer is spread on the electrode system and dried to form a CMC layer. Then, LOD as an enzyme on the CMC layer,
A mixed aqueous solution of potassium ferricyanide is developed as an electron acceptor and dried in a warm air dryer to form a reaction layer. Further, K 2 H as a basic compound is formed on the reaction layer.
An organic solvent solution in which PO 4 is dispersed is developed, and the solvent is volatilized and dried to form a reaction layer. When dispersing K 2 HPO 4 , it is also effective to use a dispersant such as lecithin.

【0023】試料液を試料供給孔10より供給すると、
試料液は速やかに空気孔11部まで達し、反応層を溶解
する。
When the sample solution is supplied from the sample supply hole 10,
The sample solution quickly reaches 11 parts of the air holes and dissolves the reaction layer.

【0024】実施例1と同様にして、上記のように作製
した乳酸センサに、試料液として乳酸水溶液3μl供給
し、一定時間後に電極系の対極5を基準にして作用極4
にアノード方向に+0.5Vのパルス電圧を印加し、5
秒後の電流値を測定したところ、試料液中の乳酸濃度に
比例した応答電流値が得られた。
In the same manner as in Example 1, 3 μl of an aqueous lactic acid solution was supplied as a sample solution to the lactic acid sensor prepared as described above, and after a certain period of time, the working electrode 4 with the counter electrode 5 of the electrode system as a reference.
Apply a pulse voltage of +0.5 V to the anode in the direction of 5
When the current value after the second was measured, a response current value proportional to the lactic acid concentration in the sample solution was obtained.

【0025】塩基性化合物を酵素、電子受容体、親水性
高分子と分離して配置することにより、センサの保存性
においてより高い信頼性を得ることが可能である。
By disposing the basic compound separately from the enzyme, the electron acceptor and the hydrophilic polymer, it is possible to obtain higher reliability in the storage stability of the sensor.

【0026】なお上記実施例1および2では親水性高分
子としてカルボキシメチルセルロースを用いたが、これ
に限定されることはなく、他のセルロース系、ビニルア
ルコール系、ビニルピロリドン系、ゼラチン系、アクリ
ル酸塩系、デンプン系、無水マレイン酸系、アクリルア
ミド系などをそれぞれ用いても同様の効果が得られた。
In Examples 1 and 2 above, carboxymethyl cellulose was used as the hydrophilic polymer. However, the hydrophilic polymer is not limited to this. Other cellulose type, vinyl alcohol type, vinyl pyrrolidone type, gelatin type, acrylic acid Similar effects were obtained by using salt-based, starch-based, maleic anhydride-based, acrylamide-based and the like.

【0027】一方、電子受容体としては、上記実施例の
フェリシアン化カリウム以外に、p−ベンゾキノン、フ
ェロセンおよび、その誘導体なども使用できる。
On the other hand, as the electron acceptor, p-benzoquinone, ferrocene and derivatives thereof can be used in addition to potassium ferricyanide in the above-mentioned examples.

【0028】酵素としては、上記実施例の乳酸オキシダ
ーゼ以外に、グルコースオキシダーゼ、インベルター
ゼ、ムタロターゼ、フルクトースデヒドロゲナーゼなど
も使用できる。
As the enzyme, glucose oxidase, invertase, mutarotase, fructose dehydrogenase, etc. can be used in addition to the lactate oxidase of the above-mentioned examples.

【0029】塩基性化合物としては、上記実施例のK2
HPO4以外に、Na2HPO4、CH 3COONaNa2
CO3、Na247、トリス(ヒドロキシメチル)アミ
ノメタンなども使用できる。
Examples of the basic compound include K of the above-mentioned examples.2
HPOFourBesides, Na2HPOFour, CH 3COONa,Na2
CO3, Na2BFourO7, Tris (hydroxymethyl) ami
Nomethane and the like can also be used.

【0030】また、上記実施例において酵素および電子
受容体については試料液に溶解する方式について示した
が、これに制限されることはなく、固定化によって試料
液に不溶化させた場合にも適用することができる。
Further, in the above-mentioned examples, the method of dissolving the enzyme and the electron acceptor in the sample solution has been shown, but the invention is not limited to this, and the invention can be applied to the case of being insolubilized in the sample solution by immobilization. be able to.

【0031】さらに、上記実施例では測定極と対極から
なる2電極系について述べたが、参照電極を加えた3電
極方式とするとより精度の高い測定が可能である。
Further, in the above embodiment, the two-electrode system consisting of the measuring electrode and the counter electrode was described, but the three-electrode system including the reference electrode enables more accurate measurement.

【0032】[0032]

【発明の効果】以上のように本発明によると、試料液の
pHに影響されることなく精度の高い応答を得ることが
可能となる。また保存安定性の高いバイオセンサを得る
ことができる。
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a highly accurate response without being affected by the pH of the sample solution. Further, a biosensor with high storage stability can be obtained.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】本発明のバイオセンサ一実施例として作製した
乳酸センサの断面図
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a lactate sensor manufactured as an example of a biosensor of the present invention.

【図2】図1に示す乳酸センサから反応層を除き、同セ
ンサの斜め上方向からみた分解斜視図
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the lactate sensor shown in FIG. 1 from which a reaction layer is removed and the sensor is viewed obliquely from above.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 絶縁性の基板 2、3 リード 4 測定極 5 対極 6 絶縁層 7 反応層 8 スペーサー 9 カバー 10 試料供給孔 11 空気孔 1 Insulating Substrate 2, 3 Lead 4 Measurement Electrode 5 Counter Electrode 6 Insulation Layer 7 Reaction Layer 8 Spacer 9 Cover 10 Sample Supply Hole 11 Air Hole

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】絶縁性の基板上に形成した測定極と対極を
含む電極系、および前記電極系上に接触して形成された
反応層を具備し、前記反応層が少なくとも電子受容体、
酵素、親水性高分子および塩基性化合物を含むことを特
徴とするバイオセンサ。
1. An electrode system comprising a measuring electrode and a counter electrode formed on an insulating substrate, and a reaction layer formed in contact with the electrode system, wherein the reaction layer is at least an electron acceptor.
A biosensor comprising an enzyme, a hydrophilic polymer and a basic compound.
【請求項2】反応層が少なくとも電子受容体、酵素、親
水性高分子からなる一層目の上に塩基性化合物を含む二
層目を積層したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のバイ
オセンサ。
2. The biosensor according to claim 1, wherein the reaction layer is formed by laminating a second layer containing a basic compound on a first layer composed of at least an electron acceptor, an enzyme and a hydrophilic polymer. .
JP6273595A 1994-11-08 1994-11-08 Biosensor Pending JPH08136495A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6273595A JPH08136495A (en) 1994-11-08 1994-11-08 Biosensor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6273595A JPH08136495A (en) 1994-11-08 1994-11-08 Biosensor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH08136495A true JPH08136495A (en) 1996-05-31

Family

ID=17529975

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP6273595A Pending JPH08136495A (en) 1994-11-08 1994-11-08 Biosensor

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH08136495A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2510371A (en) * 2013-01-31 2014-08-06 Lifescan Scotland Ltd Electrochemical-based analytical test strip with soluble acidic material coating

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2510371A (en) * 2013-01-31 2014-08-06 Lifescan Scotland Ltd Electrochemical-based analytical test strip with soluble acidic material coating
GB2510371B (en) * 2013-01-31 2016-01-06 Lifescan Scotland Ltd Electrochemical-based analytical test strip with soluble acidic material coating

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