JPH0771485A - Roller type rheological oil clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a motive power control device on the new principle of transmitting motive power by adhesion (traction) of an oil film by changing the oil film to an elastic solidified film from viscous fluid by pressure. CONSTITUTION:A rolling element 3 is skewed slightly around a taper shaft 1, and is arranged like a roller bearing, and an outer ring having an inside diameter of a taper surface is fitted to it. When the taper shaft 1 is rotated slowly, the rolling element 3 floats on an oil film, and rolls in sliding due to viscosity, and though torque is not transmitted between the taper shaft 1 and the outer ring 2, when the taper shaft 1 is rotated fast, due to viscous resistance of the oil film, the taper shaft is pulled in the outer ring 2 by a screw action of skew of the rolling element 3, and contact pressure of the rolling element 3 is increased, and pressure of the oil film is further increased, and the oil film transfers gradually to an elastic body, and the taper shaft 1 and the outer ring 2 approach to each other in a directly coupled condition, and transmission of large torque becomes possible. A skew quantity is made adjustable according to a use, and proper crowning is applied to the rolling element 3, and an orbit is formed of a material having a rheological property.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は回転力の伝達量を制限す
る装置であって、ロータリダンパー、粘性続手、自動車
等の差動制限装置、ギヤ式変速機の同期噛み合い補助も
シンクロクラッチ、ドアークローザ、バックストップダ
ンパ等に利用するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for limiting the amount of rotational force transmitted, such as a rotary damper, a viscous clutch, a differential limiting device for automobiles, a synchronous clutch for assisting synchronous engagement of a gear type transmission, It is used for door rosa, backstop damper, etc.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来技術】転がり接触面には潤滑油が閉じ込められス
クイズ流体膜ができることが知られており、油膜は接触
圧で硬化し、その剪断抵抗で動力を伝達することができ
る。この原理を応用した転がり接触による無段変速機が
実用されているが、それとは別に、接触圧力の変化で油
膜の粘性を変え、その粘性をローラが転がる際の高い粘
着力に変換して転がり摩擦を生ぜしめ、その摩擦で動力
を伝達する、流体摩擦伝達力制限装置、が、公開特許公
報、平３−２０４４１８号、並びに、転がり流体摩擦継
手が、平成２年特許願 第１７７０４７号 更に流体摩
擦式伝達力増減装置が、平成３年特許願第２３２５８１
号（何れも本発明と同一発明人）等で発明されている。
これ等は転がり接触の圧力で硬化した潤滑油膜の粘着
力と油膜の塑性変形による転がり接触面下のクリープ、
すなわち油膜のレオロジー（Ｒｈｅｏｌｏｇｙ）的性質
を利用したもので従来にない新しい方式の流体クラッチ
である。2. Description of the Related Art It is known that lubricating oil is confined on a rolling contact surface to form a squeeze fluid film. The oil film is hardened by a contact pressure and its power can be transmitted by its shear resistance. A continuously variable transmission using rolling contact that applies this principle has been put into practical use, but apart from that, the viscosity of the oil film is changed by the change in contact pressure, and that viscosity is converted into high adhesive force when the roller rolls. A fluid friction transmission force limiting device that causes friction and transmits power by the friction is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-204418, and a rolling fluid friction joint is a patent application No. 177047 in 1990. The friction type transmission force increasing / decreasing device is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 232581.
No. (both are the same inventors as the present invention).
These are the adhesive force of the lubricating oil film cured by the pressure of the rolling contact and the creep under the rolling contact surface due to the plastic deformation of the oil film,
In other words, it is a fluid clutch of a new type that utilizes the rheology (Rheology) property of the oil film and is unconventional.

【０００３】[0003]

【 発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし前記の装置に
使用する合成潤滑剤は温度による粘度の変化でトルク特
性が変動する問題があった。特に間欠で半回転又は揺動
運動等の使用箇所のドアクローザ、ロータリダンパ、等
の用途では、使用時間が短く摩擦熱で発熱することがな
く、雰囲気温度でダンパーの特性が大幅に変化する。又
力の伝達量、速度を簡単な方法で用途に適合させる必要
があり、その一例に転動体のスキュウ角度を自在に変化
させてトルク特性を変える手段として転動体の両端に遊
星ギヤを設け、該両端の遊星ギヤに位相を生ぜしめて転
動体のスキュウをコントロールする手段の、特許出願、
平２第１７７０４７（本発明と同一発明人）があるが、
これは運転中にスキュウ量を自在に変化させるもので遊
星ギヤを用いた複雑な構成では単純な半回転又は揺動運
動で停止時に調整すればよい使用条件には適さない。更
に動力を断続するクラッチとして使用目的の、内外輪の
円すい軌道面間に平行ローラを介在し、内外輪の円すい
軌道面の相対回転によってローラが転動する際に円すい
軌道の両端の円周の長さの差で傾斜する差動原理を用
い、ローラの傾斜角度を予め保持器の窓にすきまを設け
て自由傾斜の量を制限する両方向回転入力対応型クラッ
チの、平成２年特許願第１７７０４７号の請求項２の如
くギヤ変速機の同期噛み合い用シンクロクラッチ等があ
るが、ローラの径寸法の誤差で接触圧が不均一になり全
部のローラが均一に一斉に傾斜する保証はなかった。
又この場合においても、温度による油膜の粘性の変化で
クラッチ性能が変わる問題がある。 又軌道が円すいの
ため、転動体が任意に傾斜すれば角度に応じて軌道の母
線形状は双曲面に変化し、如何に短い円筒ローラでも軌
道に倣って湾曲に弾性変形しない限り幾何学的には線接
触しない欠点がある。 又、軸と外輪軌道を軸方向に離
してクラッチを遮断した場合、直ちにローラはスキュウ
角度をゼロに復帰させておかないと次にクラッチを接続
した場合にローラの姿勢と回転方向が重なり衝撃的につ
ながってステイックスリップを伴う問題がある。 特許
出願番号平成３年第２３２５８１号（本発明人と同一発
明人）では如何なるスキュウ角度においても正しい線接
触が得られるようにローラを短く分割し、且つ中空にし
て内径にシャフトを貫通させる手段であるが、テーパ軸
の径が小さくて、ローラが細く小さな場合は加工が困難
という欠点があった。 又本発明はローラと軌道との間
の油膜のレオロジーで動力伝達を制御するものであるが
油の粘度の温度依存性は避けられず軌道表面が油に代わ
る温度依存の低いレオロジカルな物質が望まれる。 更
に、本発明は極めて汎用性があり、部品を統一し量産に
適した標準化が必要であるが、従来の方式ではローラを
含め部品の共通化が困難である。However, the synthetic lubricant used in the above-mentioned device has a problem that the torque characteristics fluctuate due to changes in viscosity with temperature. In particular, in applications such as a door closer, a rotary damper, etc., which are used intermittently at half-rotation or oscillating motions, etc., the usage time is short and frictional heat does not generate heat, and the characteristics of the damper change significantly at ambient temperature. In addition, it is necessary to adapt the amount of force transmission and speed to the application by a simple method.One example is to provide planetary gears at both ends of the rolling element as a means to change the skew characteristic of the rolling element to change the torque characteristics. Patent application of means for controlling the skew of the rolling elements by producing a phase in the planet gears at both ends,
There is a flat 2 177047 (same inventor as the present invention),
This is because the amount of skew is freely changed during operation, and in a complicated configuration using a planetary gear, it is not suitable for use conditions in which adjustment can be made when stopped by a simple half-rotation or oscillating motion. Furthermore, a parallel roller is interposed between the conical raceway surfaces of the inner and outer rings, which is used as a clutch for intermittent power transmission, and when the rollers roll due to the relative rotation of the conical raceway surfaces of the inner and outer rings, Japanese Patent Application No. 177047, which is a bidirectional rotation input type clutch that uses a differential principle of inclining depending on a difference in length and limits the amount of free inclination by preliminarily providing a clearance in a window of a cage for a roller inclination angle. Although there is a synchronous meshing synchro clutch or the like for a gear transmission as in claim 2, there is no guarantee that the contact pressure becomes non-uniform due to an error in the diameter of the rollers and that all the rollers are uniformly tilted at the same time.
Also in this case, there is a problem that the clutch performance changes due to the change in the viscosity of the oil film depending on the temperature. Also, because the raceway is conical, if the rolling elements are arbitrarily inclined, the generatrix shape of the raceway changes to a hyperboloid according to the angle, and even if a short cylindrical roller does not elastically deform into a curve following the raceway, it will be geometrically Has the drawback of not making line contact. Also, if the clutch is disengaged by separating the shaft and outer ring raceway in the axial direction, the roller must be immediately returned to zero skew angle. There is a problem with the stick slip that leads to. In patent application No. 1 232581 (inventor same as the inventor), the roller is divided into short pieces so that the correct line contact can be obtained at any skew angle, and the shaft is pierced through the inner diameter. However, if the diameter of the taper shaft is small and the roller is thin and small, there is a drawback that processing is difficult. Further, the present invention controls the power transmission by the rheology of the oil film between the roller and the raceway, but the temperature dependence of the viscosity of the oil is unavoidable, and a rheological substance with low temperature dependence in which the raceway surface substitutes for oil is used. desired. Furthermore, the present invention is extremely versatile and requires standardization of parts to be suitable for mass production, but it is difficult to standardize parts including rollers by the conventional method.

【０００４】[0004]

【課題を解決するための手段】揺動、又は半回転で使用
する場合は、特に転動体が細い場合、転動体のスキュウ
制御部材は内外軌道輪の相対回転の約二分の一回転程度
なので、わずかな角度しか回らず、遊星ギヤ等の使用は
複雑過ぎる。小型の該伝達量制限装置では転動体に傾斜
を与える制御部材を軌道輪の外側に延長し一箇所で相対
変位させて連結部することが出来る。この場合は軌道間
の狭い場所に位相付与装置を装設する必要が無く、小型
化には非常に有効である。 又、該制御部材の相対変位
を付与する連結箇所に熱感応形の変位部材を介在してお
けば、温度で相対変位量が変化し、スキュウ角度が自動
的に補正され油膜の温度によるトルク特性の変化を無く
すことができる。又、両方向回転入力対応型のクラッチ
では、転動体の自由傾斜に追随する保持器スキュウ量制
御部材に制限（ストッパ）装置を設け、これに転動体単
位に軌道円周上で分割した前記セグメント方式の保持器
の両端を連結すれば、セグメント保持器内には細くて短
い転動体を複数個収容出来、軌道の双曲面に倣い易い構
成が得られ、且つローラ全数が保持器の傾斜で規制され
るので、スキュウ量を均一に規制することができる。
又、全回転で使用されるクラッチでは、クラッチが遮断
された状態でローラを軸心に平行のつまりスキュウのな
い状態の、即ち転がり軸受けの状態に復帰させておく必
要がある。もしスキュウしたままの状態で、再度食い込
み方向のトルクが瞬時に入力されれば、油膜の限界粘塑
性変形速度を越えた速さで衝撃的に噛み合うのでレオロ
ジー的性質で剪断抵抗が得られずにステイックスリップ
を生ずる。 従って両方向回転入力対応形のクラッチで
は、制御部材間にセンタリングばねを装設し遮断と同時
に保持器をスキュウ角度ゼロの状態に復帰させる。 又
トルク負荷時にローラのスキュウ角が変化すれば軌道と
の接触が線から点接触になりエッジで荷重を負荷するこ
とになる。従ってローラを瓢箪型にクラウニングするこ
とであらゆるスキュウ角度にも線接触に近付けることが
できる。 前記のローラを保持する部材を円周方向に分
割したセグメント形の保持器では、標準のベアリング用
ローラを保持器に収納しそれをユニット単位で増すだけ
で、全ゆる大きさに対応可能であり、ローラもベアリン
グで大量生産の高精度の相互差のすくない標準ローラの
使用が可能である。保持器を細かく分割したセグメント
型では保持器がローラ径よりも薄くなるので、狭いとこ
ろに収納でき装置の小型化が可能である。又、セグメン
ト形保持器は形状が薄板からのプレス加工に適し、スキ
ュウ制御部材もプレス成型が可能で且つ、形状的に樹脂
化も可能であり非常に安価に大量生産ができる。 又軌
道輪、転動体自体がレオロジカルな部材であれば、例え
ば樹脂自体にレオロジカルな性質があり目的を達するこ
とができる。この場合は許容面圧が低いので軽トルクの
ロータリダンパに適し、安価に供することができる。
又軌道表面には本来レオロジカルな特性を有する高分子
材をコーテイングしておいても潤滑剤の特性に依存する
こともなく当初の目的を達することができる。[Means for Solving the Problems] When used in rocking or half-rotation, especially when the rolling element is thin, the skew control member of the rolling element is about one-half rotation of the relative rotation of the inner and outer races. Since it turns only a small angle, the use of planetary gears is too complicated. In the small transmission amount limiting device, a control member for inclining the rolling element can be extended to the outside of the bearing ring and relatively displaced at one place to be connected. In this case, it is not necessary to install the phase imparting device in a narrow space between the tracks, which is very effective for downsizing. Further, if a heat-sensitive displacement member is interposed at the connecting portion that imparts relative displacement of the control member, the relative displacement amount changes with temperature, the skew angle is automatically corrected, and the torque characteristic due to the temperature of the oil film is changed. The change in can be eliminated. In the case of a bidirectional rotation input type clutch, a limiter (stopper) device is provided on the cage skew amount control member that follows the free inclination of the rolling elements, and the segment system is divided into rolling element units on the circumference of the raceway. If both ends of the cage are connected, a plurality of thin and short rolling elements can be accommodated in the segment cage, a structure that easily follows the hyperbolic surface of the track can be obtained, and the total number of rollers is regulated by the inclination of the cage. Therefore, the amount of skew can be regulated uniformly.
Further, in the clutch used for all rotations, it is necessary to return the roller to the state parallel to the shaft center, that is, the state without skew, that is, the state of the rolling bearing with the clutch disengaged. If the torque in the biting direction is instantaneously input again with the skewed state, the meshes impact with each other at a speed exceeding the critical viscoplastic deformation rate of the oil film, so shear resistance cannot be obtained due to the rheological property. Causes stick slip. Therefore, in the case of a bidirectional rotation input type clutch, a centering spring is provided between the control members, and at the same time when the clutch is disconnected, the cage is returned to the zero skew angle state. Further, if the skew angle of the roller changes when torque is applied, the contact with the track becomes a point contact from a line, and the load is applied at the edge. Therefore, by crowning the roller in a gourd shape, line contact can be achieved at any skew angle. With the segment type cage in which the member that holds the roller is divided in the circumferential direction, it is possible to accommodate all sizes by simply storing the standard bearing roller in the cage and increasing it in units. As for the rollers, bearings can be used as standard rollers that are mass-produced and have high precision with little difference. Since the cage is thinner than the roller diameter in the segment type in which the cage is finely divided, the cage can be stored in a narrow space and the apparatus can be downsized. Further, the segment type cage is suitable for press working from a thin plate, and the skew control member can also be press-molded, and can be made into a resin in terms of shape, and can be mass-produced at a very low cost. Further, if the bearing ring and the rolling elements themselves are rheological members, for example, the resin itself has rheological properties and the purpose can be achieved. In this case, since the allowable surface pressure is low, it is suitable for a rotary damper with a light torque and can be provided at a low cost.
Further, even if a polymeric material having originally rheological characteristics is coated on the raceway surface, the original purpose can be achieved without depending on the characteristics of the lubricant.

【０００５】[0005]

【作用】転がり接触下には潤滑油膜が低速ではスクイズ
流体膜、高速では弾性流体膜がそれぞれ０．３〜０．５
ミクロンの厚さで存在し、接触圧力で油膜が粘性流体か
ら弾性固化膜に変化することが確認されている。転動体
はこの油膜に浮上しており、内外輪の円すい軌道に差動
を生ずる例えば平行ローラ（転動体）を線接触させて介
在し、内外輪に相対変位入力を与えると、ローラが軸に
平行であれば単なる転がり軸受けで内輪と外輪間に動力
伝達は全くないが、ローラがわずかに傾斜（スキュウ）
出来るように保持器のポケットにすきまを設けて置く
と、ローラは差動転動し傾斜する。ローラが傾斜（スキ
ュウ）するに従い油膜の（粘着力）トラクションとロー
ラの転がりねじの効果で、内輪が外輪のテーパ面に食い
込む作用が働く。反対方向のトルクには単なる転がり軸
受けになる。そこでローラのスキュウ量を変化させると
トラクションでのねじ込む力が変化し、転がり接触下の
油膜の圧力が変わる。ねじ込む力が強いと油膜は粘性流
体から塑性体になり更に弾性固化膜に変化する。ローラ
のスキュウ量はローラを収容する保持器の傾斜で与えら
れ、保持器の傾斜は保持器の両端に連結した軌道輪の軸
心で回動する二個の制御部材の相対変位によって与えら
れ、該制御部材間には熱で膨張収縮する部材、又は形状
記憶材とばねの組み合わせの熱感応形変位部材が介在し
熱変形分で位相量すなわちスキュウ角度を補正する。
長いローラの代わりに短いローラを母線が瓢箪型になる
ようにし多数個使用すれば、軌道の双曲面にローラを弾
性で湾曲に曲げなくとも近似的に線接蝕させエッジロー
ドを防ぐことが出来る。 又、セグメント型の細分化さ
れた保持器単体を標準品としておけば如何なるサイズの
径でも保持器の数を増せばよく、フリーサイズ化が可能
になる。 この方式であれば、ローラは細くでき、スキ
ュウ制御も遊星ギヤ等を使用しなくとも小型で済み、軌
道間に装設可能になる。 両方向回転対応クラッチで
は、内外軌道が離されてクラッチが遮断された後接続す
る場合、ローラが傾斜したままでは、内外輪はローラの
トラクションで一瞬に食い込み、ショックを伴うが、遮
断後直ちにローラを平行（スキュウゼロ）にしておけ
ば、ローラが差動で自然に傾斜し保持器の傾斜制限スト
ッパに当たるまでの間、入力が徐々に伝わるのでショッ
クは解消される。 円すい軌道面がレオロジカルな物性
であれば合成油を伴わなくとも転がり接触下に粘着摩擦
を発生せしめトルクダンパ機能を得ることができる。In the rolling contact, the lubricating oil film has a squeeze fluid film at a low speed, and the elastic fluid film has a elastic film of 0.3 to 0.5 at a high speed.
It has been confirmed that it exists in a thickness of micron and that the oil film changes from a viscous fluid to an elastic solidified film by contact pressure. The rolling elements are floating on this oil film, and for example, parallel rollers (rolling elements) that generate a differential in the conical orbits of the inner and outer rings are interposed in line contact, and when a relative displacement input is applied to the inner and outer rings, the rollers move to the shaft. If they are parallel, there is no power transmission between the inner and outer rings due to the simple rolling bearing, but the rollers are slightly inclined (skew).
If a clearance is provided in the pocket of the cage as possible, the rollers will roll differentially and tilt. As the roller inclines, the inner ring bites into the tapered surface of the outer ring due to the (adhesive) traction of the oil film and the rolling screw of the roller. The torque in the opposite direction is simply a rolling bearing. Therefore, when the amount of skew of the roller is changed, the screwing force in the traction changes, and the pressure of the oil film under rolling contact changes. When the screwing force is strong, the oil film changes from a viscous fluid to a plastic body and further changes to an elastic solidified film. The skew amount of the roller is given by the inclination of the cage that houses the roller, and the inclination of the cage is given by the relative displacement of the two control members that rotate around the axes of the bearing rings connected to the ends of the cage. A member that expands and contracts by heat or a heat-sensitive displacement member that is a combination of a shape memory material and a spring is interposed between the control members to correct the phase amount, that is, the skew angle, by the amount of thermal deformation.
If short rollers are used instead of long rollers so that the generatrix has a gourd shape and a large number of rollers are used, it is possible to prevent line loading on the hyperbolic surface of the track even if the rollers do not bend elastically and are curved. . Further, if a segment type subdivided cage is used as a standard product, the number of cages can be increased regardless of the diameter of any size, and the size can be freely adjusted. With this method, the rollers can be made thin, and the skew control can be small without using a planetary gear or the like, and can be installed between the orbits. In a bi-directional rotation compatible clutch, when the inner and outer raceways are separated and the clutch is disengaged and then engaged, if the roller is still tilted, the inner and outer wheels will momentarily bite due to the traction of the roller, causing shock, but immediately after disengaging the roller By setting them parallel (skew zero), the input is gradually transmitted until the roller naturally tilts due to the differential and hits the tilt limiting stopper of the cage, so the shock is eliminated. If the conical orbital surface has rheological properties, it is possible to obtain a torque damper function by causing adhesive friction under rolling contact without synthetic oil.

【０００６】[0006]

【実施例】第一図はレオロジカルフルイドクラッチの従
来技術の基本形である流体摩擦式伝達力増減装置の平成
３年特許願第２３２５８１号の実施例をしめす。転動体
の両端に遊星ギヤを設けて遊星ギヤに噛み合うそれぞれ
のリングギヤに遅れ進みを与えて位相を生ぜしめ転動体
にスキュウを付与する構成である。この構成は運転中で
もスキュウ量の変更が可能であるが使用条件に合わせて
一度セットすれば足りるものに対しては構造が複雑であ
る。従って図２に請求項１の代表実施例を示す。１はテ
ーパ軸で軸の周囲に転動体３がテーパローラベアリング
の如く配置してある。転動体は保持器６の窓内に複数個
が収容されている。保持器の両端の円弧状突起部はテー
パ軸を中心に回動する制御部材４及び５の円形ポケット
穴１９に遊嵌し、制御部材４、５間のテーパ軸を中心に
した回転角の位相で保持器はスキュウする。制御部材５
の延長部１１は制御部材４の切り欠き部１２の範囲で位
相量が規制される。制御部材４には前記１１を固定する
ねじ１０が設けてあり、１１は１２の範囲内でねじ１０
によって任意の位置に固定され、かくして転動体３はス
キュウ量制御部材によって使用条件に合わせて任意に固
定される。第３図は転動体３が保持器６のポケット窓内
に収容され制御部材４及び５の円状の窓に保持器の両端
の円弧状の突起２０が遊嵌しスキュウ量制御部材４、５
を位相させることで転動体にスキュウを付与する平面展
開した説明図でテーパ軸、外輪、位相制限装置は省略し
てある。第４図は制御部材５の延長部と制御部材４の切
り欠きポケットとの間にセンタリングばね７を装設し転
動体に圧力が作用していない時にはスキュウ量がゼロの
中立位置にばねで復帰させる実施例である。第４図にお
いて片側のばねを形状記憶合金に変更すれば形状記憶合
金とばねの釣り合いが変化しスキュウ量を熱で変化させ
ることができる（図省略）またばねの代わりに熱感応部
材例えばバイメタル等を介在しスキュウ量を熱に比例し
変化させることができる（図省略）。第５図は転動体が
常に軌道と理想的な形で接触するために転動体の母線を
瓢箪型にクラウニングした実施例である。テーパの軌道
にスキュウした転動体が高い接触圧を受けてエッジロー
ドを防ぎ線接触するためには転動体の母線は二種類の双
曲線で構成されねばならず又、スキュウゼロでは接触圧
はゼロに近く、従って転動体は瓢箪形のクラウニングを
施す。 第６図は外輪２が固定され揺動レバー１５が１
８０°以下の揺動運動の例えばドアークローザ等の用途
の実施例の断面説明図で、転動体のスキュウ量制御部材
４、及び５を外輪２の外周まで延長して位相量をねじ１
４で固定する。１８０°以下の揺動運動のため制御部材
はレバー１５の揺動角度の５０％程度の揺動であり制御
部材４、５は外輪外周で９０°作動可能であればよい。
第７図は前記スキュウ制御部材の位相角付与装置のねじ
による長穴への固定方法のみを表した省略図である。第
２図並びに第６図のドアークローザ、ロータリダンパ、
緩降コンベア、荷下ろし装置等の実施においてトルク以
外の外力が転動体に作用しないようにラジアル、スラス
ト荷重の支持装置は必ず別に設ける。請求項７の軌道表
面がレオロジカルな部材で構成る実施例（説明図省略）
は軽トルクに限られ樹脂コーテイング、または素材自体
が樹脂でもよい。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of Japanese Patent Application No. 232581 of 1991 of a fluid friction type transmission force increasing / decreasing device which is the basic form of the prior art of a rheological fluid clutch. A configuration is provided in which planetary gears are provided at both ends of the rolling element, and each ring gear meshing with the planetary gear is delayed and advanced to generate a phase and skew is imparted to the rolling element. With this configuration, the amount of skew can be changed even during operation, but the structure is complicated for what needs to be set once according to the usage conditions. Therefore, FIG. 2 shows a typical embodiment of claim 1. Reference numeral 1 denotes a taper shaft, and rolling elements 3 are arranged around the shaft like a taper roller bearing. A plurality of rolling elements are accommodated in the window of the cage 6. The arcuate protrusions at both ends of the cage are loosely fitted in the circular pocket holes 19 of the control members 4 and 5 which rotate about the taper shaft, and the phase of the rotation angle between the control members 4 and 5 about the taper shaft is centered. Then the cage is skewed. Control member 5
The phase amount of the extension 11 of the control member is restricted within the range of the notch 12 of the control member 4. The control member 4 is provided with a screw 10 for fixing the aforesaid 11, and 11 is a screw 10 within a range of 12.
The rolling element 3 is arbitrarily fixed by the skew amount control member in accordance with the usage conditions. FIG. 3 shows that the rolling element 3 is accommodated in the pocket window of the cage 6, the circular projections 20 at both ends of the cage are loosely fitted into the circular windows of the control members 4 and 5, and the skew amount control members 4, 5 are formed.
The taper shaft, the outer ring, and the phase limiting device are omitted in the explanatory plan view in which the skew is imparted to the rolling elements by causing the phase to be shifted. FIG. 4 shows that a centering spring 7 is provided between the extension of the control member 5 and the notch pocket of the control member 4, and when the pressure is not acting on the rolling element, the spring returns to the neutral position where the skew amount is zero. It is an example to be made. In FIG. 4, if the spring on one side is changed to a shape memory alloy, the balance between the shape memory alloy and the spring changes and the amount of skew can be changed by heat (not shown). Also, instead of the spring, a heat sensitive member such as a bimetal is used. The amount of skew can be changed in proportion to heat by intervening (not shown). FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which the rolling elements are crowned in a gourd-shape so that the rolling elements always contact the raceway in an ideal manner. In order for rolling elements skewed to the tapered orbit to receive high contact pressure to prevent edge loading and to make line contact, the busbars of rolling elements must be composed of two types of hyperbola, and at zero skew, the contact pressure is close to zero. Therefore, the rolling elements are crowned in a gourd shape. In FIG. 6, the outer ring 2 is fixed and the swing lever 15 is 1
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of an embodiment of an application of swing motion of 80 ° or less, for example, a door roser, in which the skew amount control members 4 and 5 of the rolling elements are extended to the outer periphery of the outer ring 2 to adjust the phase amount to the screw 1.
Fix at 4. It is sufficient that the control member swings about 50% of the swing angle of the lever 15 because of the swinging motion of 180 ° or less, and the control members 4 and 5 can operate 90 ° around the outer circumference of the outer ring.
FIG. 7 is an abbreviated view showing only the method of fixing the skew angle control member to the oblong hole of the phase angle imparting device with a screw. The door rosa, the rotary damper of FIG. 2 and FIG.
When implementing a slow-moving conveyor, an unloading device, etc., separate radial and thrust load support devices must be provided so that external forces other than torque do not act on the rolling elements. Example in which the track surface of claim 7 is composed of a rheological member (illustration omitted)
Is limited to light torque and may be resin coated or the material itself may be resin.

【０００７】[0007]

【発明の効果】オイルダンパーとして使用の場合、油温
の変化による油膜のレオロジー特性の変動を自動で補正
できるので常に一定のトルク特性のダンパーを提供する
ことが出来る。例えばドアークローザにおいては、従来
の油のオリフィスからの流出抵抗を利用した装置では夏
と冬で気温変化に合わせてダンパ特性を補正しなければ
ならなかったが本発明を使用すれば自動補正になる、更
に従来のような大きな筒型のプランジャがドア上部に突
出することもなく、従来の標準サイズの蝶番の中に収納
可能で軽量で安価に提供できる。又回転形の粘性クラッ
チに対しても油の温度依存性の弊害を克服することがで
きるので温度変化の激しい箇所へも使用可能である。さ
らに部品構成が単純で円形部品のため加工が容易で量産
に適し均一な性能を得ることができる。また転がり接触
が基本であり摩擦効率が高く、大量生産で安定した転が
り軸受けの技術をそのまま応用できる。When used as an oil damper, it is possible to automatically correct fluctuations in the rheological characteristics of the oil film due to changes in the oil temperature, so that it is possible to provide a damper having a constant torque characteristic. For example, in a door roser, a conventional device utilizing resistance to flow out from an oil orifice had to correct the damper characteristic in accordance with temperature changes in summer and winter, but if the present invention is used, it will be automatically corrected. Moreover, the conventional large-sized cylindrical plunger does not project to the upper part of the door, and it can be housed in a conventional hinge of standard size, which is lightweight and can be provided at low cost. Further, since it is possible to overcome the adverse effect of the temperature dependence of oil on a rotary viscous clutch, it is possible to use it even in a place where the temperature changes drastically. Further, since the component structure is simple and circular, it is easy to process and suitable for mass production, and uniform performance can be obtained. In addition, since rolling contact is basic and friction efficiency is high, the technology of stable rolling bearings can be directly applied in mass production.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】従来の実施例FIG. 1 Conventional Example

【図２】本発明の請求項１及び３項、５、７項の実施例FIG. 2 is an embodiment of claims 1 and 3, 5 and 7 of the present invention.

【図３】本発明の請求項１項の実施例の部分説明図FIG. 3 is a partial explanatory view of an embodiment of claim 1 of the present invention.

【図４】本発明の請求項４項の実施例部分説明図FIG. 4 is a partial explanatory view of an embodiment of claim 4 of the present invention.

【図５】本発明の請求項６項の実施例FIG. 5: Embodiment of claim 6 of the present invention

【図６】本発明の請求項５項の実施例FIG. 6 is an embodiment of claim 5 of the present invention.

【図７】本発明の請求項５項の実施例部分説明図FIG. 7 is a partial explanatory view of an embodiment of claim 5 of the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１ テーパ軸 ２ 外輪 ３ 転動体 ４ ５ スキュウ制御部材 ６ 保持器 ７ ばね ８ 転動体 ９ 外輪 １０ スキュウ量可変アジャストねじ １１ スキュウ制御部材の延長部 １２ 位相量範囲 １４ スキュウ固定ねじ １５ テーパ軸と連動の揺動レバー １６ １７ １８ ２６、遊星ギヤ １９ ポケット穴 ２０ 保持器の突起部 ２１ 外歯車 ２２ 外歯車 ２３ 内歯車 ２４ 内歯車 ２５ 入力軸 ２６ 出力軸 1 Taper shaft 2 Outer ring 3 Rolling element 4 5 Skew control member 6 Cage 7 Spring 8 Rolling element 9 Outer ring 10 Skew amount variable adjusting screw 11 Extension part of skew control member 12 Phase amount range 14 Skew fixing screw 15 Interlocking with taper shaft Swing lever 16 17 18 26, planetary gear 19 pocket hole 20 retainer protrusion 21 external gear 22 external gear 23 internal gear 24 internal gear 25 input shaft 26 output shaft

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───

【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]

【提出日】平成５年５月１０日[Submission date] May 10, 1993

【手続補正１】[Procedure Amendment 1]

【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement

【補正対象項目名】特許請求の範囲[Name of item to be amended] Claims

【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change

【補正内容】[Correction content]

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims]

Claims (7)

【特許請求の範囲】 円すいの軸の外周に転動体をスキュウさせて配置し内経
面が円すいの外輪と嵌合し、軸を回転するときに転動体
の転がり接触面にできる弾性流体潤滑油膜のトラクショ
ンで軸が外輪の円すい面にねじ込まれて転動体との接触
圧を上昇させて該流体潤滑油膜の粘着抵抗を高めて転が
り摩擦を上昇せしめ、軸と外輪間で動力を伝達するロー
ラ式レオロジカル、オイルクラッチにおいて、[Claims] An elastic fluid lubricating oil film that is formed by squeezing and arranging rolling elements on the outer circumference of a cone shaft and fitting the outer ring with a conical inner surface to the rolling contact surface of the rolling element when the shaft rotates. With the traction, the shaft is screwed into the conical surface of the outer ring to increase the contact pressure with the rolling elements and increase the adhesive resistance of the fluid lubricating oil film to increase the rolling friction, and the roller type that transmits power between the shaft and the outer ring. In rheological and oil clutches, 【請求項１】 転動体を収容した保持器を円周方向に転
動体毎に分割し、該保持器の両端をそれぞれ円すい軌道
の軸心で回動する制御部材に系合し、該制御部材間に位
相を与えて転動体にスキュウを付与する手段を具備し
た、ローラ式レオロジカル、オイルクラッチ。1. A cage containing a rolling element is circumferentially divided for each rolling element, and both ends of the cage are connected to a control member that rotates on the axis of a conical orbit. A roller type rheological oil clutch equipped with a means for applying a phase between the rolling elements to give a skew. 【請求項２】 前記転動体のスキュウの量を制御する部
材間に熱感応変位部材を介在せしめ温度による特性の変
動を補正する手段を具備したローラ式レオロジカル、オ
イルクラッチ。2. A roller type rheological and oil clutch comprising means for compensating for variations in characteristics due to temperature by interposing a heat sensitive displacement member between the members for controlling the amount of skew of the rolling element. 【請求項３】 前記転動体のスキュウ量の制御部材間に
位相量制限部材を装設し、制限範囲内で転動体の両端に
生ずる差動転がりでスキュウする事を特徴とした、ロー
ラ式レオロジカル、オイルクラッチ。3. A roller type rheo, characterized in that a phase amount limiting member is provided between the skew amount controlling members of the rolling element, and differential rolling occurs at both ends of the rolling element within a limited range. Logical, oil clutch. 【請求項４】 前記３項記載の転動体のスキュウ量をゼ
ロに復帰させる弾性部材をスキュウ制御部材間に具備し
た、ローラ式レオロジカル、オイルクラッチ。4. A roller type rheological and oil clutch comprising elastic members for restoring the skew amount of the rolling element to zero between the skew control members. 【請求項５】 前記スキュウ量制御部材を軌道輪の外側
に延長し、位相量を可変とし、力の伝達量を増減するロ
ーラ式レオロジカル、オイルクラッチ。5. A roller-type rheological and oil clutch in which the skew amount control member is extended to the outside of the bearing ring to make the phase amount variable and to increase or decrease the amount of force transmission. 【請求項６】 前記転動体の母線形状が瓢箪形でなるロ
ーラ式レオロジカル、オイルクラッチ。6. A roller type rheological and oil clutch in which the rolling element has a gourd shape in a gourd shape. 【請求項７】 １項記載の構成で円すい軌道表面、転動
体表面がレオロジー的性質を有する素材でなるローラ式
レオロジカル、オイルクラッチ。7. A roller-type rheological and oil clutch having the structure according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the conical raceway and the surface of the rolling element are made of a material having rheological properties.