JPH07320918A - Parmanent magnet and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Parmanent magnet and manufacturing method thereofInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07320918A JPH07320918A JP6111086A JP11108694A JPH07320918A JP H07320918 A JPH07320918 A JP H07320918A JP 6111086 A JP6111086 A JP 6111086A JP 11108694 A JP11108694 A JP 11108694A JP H07320918 A JPH07320918 A JP H07320918A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- particles
- magnet
- magnetic
- melting point
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/0555—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0558—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 pressed, sintered or bonded together bonded together
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
- B22F3/093—Compacting only using vibrations or friction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、永久磁石及びその製造
方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a permanent magnet and its manufacturing method.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】電子機器に使用される永久磁石は、アル
ニコ等の鋳造磁石から焼結晶のフェライト磁石へ移行、
その後機器の軽薄短小化に伴って小型で強力な磁石が要
求されるようになり、Ｓｍ−Ｃｏ、Ｎｄ−Ｆｅ磁石とい
った希土類磁石が登場した。2. Description of the Related Art Permanent magnets used in electronic equipment are changed from cast magnets such as Alnico to ferrite magnets of sintered crystals.
After that, small and powerful magnets were required as the equipment became lighter, thinner and smaller, and rare earth magnets such as Sm-Co and Nd-Fe magnets appeared.
【０００３】この内、フェライト磁石は酸化物、希土類
磁石は金属間化合物であって、融点が非常に高いために
その製造は粉末冶金法で行っており、硬く、脆いという
性質から成形加工時に樹脂材等のバインダを必要として
いる。Of these, ferrite magnets are oxides, and rare earth magnets are intermetallic compounds, and their melting points are so high that they are manufactured by powder metallurgy. Due to their hardness and brittleness, they are made of resin during molding. I need a binder such as wood.
【０００４】通常、焼結磁石といわれているものは、こ
のバインダを高温により気化消滅させ、１０００℃以上
の高温で長時間加熱することにより、粉末粒子間を焼
結、結合させたもので、ボンド磁石とは、このバインダ
を粒子間の接着剤として利用、残存させたものである。What is commonly called a sintered magnet is one in which powder particles are sintered and bonded by evaporating and extinguishing the binder at a high temperature and heating at a high temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher for a long time. The bonded magnet is a material in which this binder is used and left as an adhesive between particles.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従って、前者焼結磁石
では、成形の後に高温による焼結工程を行うので製造に
手間がかかるとともに、気化消滅したバインダ体積当量
及び焼結による体積縮小により寸法精度が悪化して後加
工を必要とするという問題があり、ボンド磁石では残存
させた樹脂が原因で磁気特性が悪化する、また、高温強
度が小さい等の問題があった。Therefore, in the former sintered magnet, since the sintering step at a high temperature is performed after the forming, it takes time to manufacture, and the binder volume equivalent which has been vaporized and disappeared and the volume reduction due to the sintering reduces the dimensional accuracy. However, there is a problem in that the magnetic properties are deteriorated due to the resin left in the bonded magnet, and the high temperature strength is small.
【０００６】本発明は、上記の事情に鑑みて行ったもの
で、上記焼結磁石、ボンド磁石のそれぞれの問題点がと
もに解消される永久磁石を提供することを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a permanent magnet that solves both the problems of the sintered magnet and the bonded magnet.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、本発明は次のような構成を採る。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following constitution.
【０００８】請求項１記載の発明では、磁性素材とバイ
ンダとが一体に焼結されて構成される永久磁石におい
て、前記バインダとして低融点金属を用いてなる構成と
した。According to the first aspect of the present invention, in the permanent magnet constituted by integrally sintering the magnetic material and the binder, a low melting point metal is used as the binder.
【０００９】請求項２記載の発明では、永久磁石の製造
方法を、所定量の磁性素材粒子粉と低融点金属粒子粉と
を混合する第１の工程と、前記第１の工程で得られた混
合材料を加熱成形する第２の工程とを備えてなる構成と
した。According to the second aspect of the invention, the method for producing a permanent magnet is obtained by the first step of mixing a predetermined amount of magnetic material particle powder and the low melting point metal particle powder, and the first step. The second step of heat-forming the mixed material was adopted.
【００１０】請求項３記載の発明では、請求項２記載の
発明において、前記第１の工程を、粉砕を伴って行う構
成とした。請求項４記載の発明では、請求項２記載の発
明において、前記第１の工程を、こすり合わせを伴って
行う構成とした。According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the invention, the first step is configured to be accompanied by pulverization. According to a fourth aspect of the invention, in the second aspect of the invention, the first step is performed with rubbing.
【００１１】請求項５記載の発明では、請求項２記載の
発明において、前記第２の工程を、微振動を伴って行う
構成とした。According to a fifth aspect of the invention, in the second aspect of the invention, the second step is configured to be accompanied by slight vibration.
【００１２】請求項６記載の発明では、請求項２記載の
発明において、前記第２の工程を、磁場中において行う
構成とした。According to a sixth aspect of the invention, in the second aspect of the invention, the second step is performed in a magnetic field.
【００１３】請求項７記載の発明では、請求項２記載の
発明において、前記第１の工程を粉砕もしくはこすり合
わせを伴って行い、前記第２の工程を磁場中において微
振動を伴って行う構成とした。According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the invention, the first step is performed with grinding or rubbing, and the second step is performed with slight vibration in a magnetic field. And
【００１４】[0014]
【作用】請求項１記載の発明によれば、バインダとして
低融点金属を用いているので、永久磁石は、加熱成形時
における体積収縮がなく、磁気特性も良好に維持されも
のとなる。According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the low melting point metal is used as the binder, the permanent magnet has no volume shrinkage at the time of heat molding and maintains good magnetic characteristics.
【００１５】請求項２記載の発明によれば、バインダと
して低融点金属粒子粉を用いて永久磁石を製造するの
で、低温で加熱成形できることで体積収縮がなく、磁気
特性も良好に維持される永久磁石が得られる。According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the permanent magnet is manufactured by using the low melting point metal particle powder as the binder, it is possible to perform hot molding at a low temperature, so that there is no volume shrinkage and the magnetic characteristics are maintained good. A magnet is obtained.
【００１６】請求項３記載の発明によれば、請求項２記
載の発明において、粉砕により磁性素材粒子が粒子臨界
寸法にされるとともに、磁性素材粒子に活性な新生面が
形成されることで、その新生面へ低融点金属が付着しや
すくなり、これにより混合が促進される。According to the invention of claim 3, in the invention of claim 2, the magnetic material particles are made to have a critical particle size by pulverization, and an active new surface is formed on the magnetic material particles. The low melting point metal is likely to adhere to the nascent surface, which promotes mixing.
【００１７】請求項４記載の発明によれば、請求項２記
載の発明において、こすり合わせの摩擦により磁性素材
粒子に活性な新生面が形成されることで、その新生面へ
低融点金属が付着しやすくなり、これにより混合が促進
される。According to the invention described in claim 4, in the invention described in claim 2, the active new surface is formed on the magnetic material particles by friction of rubbing, so that the low melting point metal is easily attached to the new surface. Which promotes mixing.
【００１８】請求項５記載の発明によれば、請求項２記
載の発明において、加熱されて液状となった低融点金属
が微振動によって磁性素材粒子の粒子界面にくまなく浸
透し、さらに、粒子間の空間を縮小し密度を向上させ
る。According to the invention described in claim 5, in the invention described in claim 2, the low-melting-point metal, which is heated and becomes liquid, permeates all over the particle interface of the magnetic material particles by microvibration, and further, the particles The space between them is reduced to improve the density.
【００１９】請求項６記載の発明によれば、請求項２記
載の発明において、加熱成形が磁場中において行われる
ことで、磁性素材粒子の配向が行われる。According to a sixth aspect of the invention, in the second aspect of the invention, the magnetic material particles are oriented by performing the heat molding in a magnetic field.
【００２０】請求項７の記載の発明によれば、請求項２
記載の発明において、請求項３もしくは請求項４、請求
項５、請求項６記載の発明の作用がともに発揮される。According to the invention of claim 7, claim 2
In the described invention, the effects of the inventions of claim 3 or claim 4, claim 5, claim 6 are exhibited together.
【００２１】[0021]
【実施例】図１は本発明における製造工程の概略を示す
図であり、この図に沿って以下本発明の永久磁石の製造
工程の説明を行う。この実施例では、磁性素材として希
土類磁石であるサマリュウム・コバルト（以下Ｓｍ−Ｃ
ｏ）を、低融点金属として亜鉛（以下Ｚｎ）を用いた場
合の例を説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the outline of the manufacturing process of the present invention. The manufacturing process of the permanent magnet of the present invention will be described below with reference to this drawing. In this embodiment, rare earth magnet samarium cobalt (hereinafter Sm-C) is used as the magnetic material.
An example in which zinc (hereinafter Zn) is used as the low melting point metal will be described.
【００２２】（１）［秤量工程］ まず、Ｓｍ−Ｃｏ粒子粉、Ｚｎ粒子粉それぞれを適量秤
量する。(1) [Weighing Step] First, an appropriate amount of each of Sm-Co particle powder and Zn particle powder is weighed.
【００２３】（２）［粉砕、混合工程］ この工程が本発明の第１の工程を構成する。(2) [Crushing and Mixing Step] This step constitutes the first step of the present invention.
【００２４】秤量したＳｍ−Ｃｏ粒子粉、Ｚｎ粒子粉を
ボールミルにより長時間撹拌する。図２はこのボールミ
ル１の概略を示した図で、大きさの異なるステンレスボ
ール２を適当数入れた、例えば容積４１０ｃｍ3のステ
ンレス容器４にそれぞれの粒子粉を入れ、容器４を２本
の平行な回転軸５の上で長時間回転させて撹拌を行う。
この撹拌によりＳｍ−Ｃｏ粒子粉、Ｚｎ粒子粉は粉砕さ
れながら混合される。The weighed Sm-Co particle powder and Zn particle powder are stirred for a long time by a ball mill. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the outline of the ball mill 1. For example, each particle powder is put in a stainless steel container 4 having an appropriate number of stainless balls 2 having different sizes, for example, a volume of 410 cm 3 and two containers 4 are arranged in parallel. The mixture is rotated on the rotary shaft 5 for a long time to perform stirring.
By this stirring, the Sm-Co particle powder and the Zn particle powder are pulverized and mixed.
【００２５】一般的に強磁性体は粒子サイズにより磁気
特性が変化することが知られているが、粒子形状、粒子
間距離、結晶粒の配向度等から得られる粒子臨界寸法
に、Ｓｍ−Ｃｏ粒子径をこの工程で粉砕して調整する。It is generally known that the magnetic properties of a ferromagnetic material change depending on the particle size. However, the critical dimension of the particle obtained from the particle shape, the distance between particles, the degree of crystal grain orientation, etc. The particle size is adjusted by grinding in this step.
【００２６】また、ここにおけるＳｍ−Ｃｏ粒子の粉砕
は、混合が良好になされるように行われる。すなわち、
Ｓｍ−Ｃｏ粒子が粉砕されてそれらに活性な新生面が形
成されることで、その新生面へＺｎ粒子が付着しやすく
なり、図３に示すように、全てのＳｍ−Ｃｏ粒子３１の
活性面にＺｎ粒子３２が付着するようになることで、Ｓ
ｍ−Ｃｏ粒子３１間にＺｎ粒子３２を均一に分散させる
ことができるようになる。The Sm-Co particles are pulverized here so that they can be mixed well. That is,
By crushing the Sm-Co particles and forming active new surfaces on them, Zn particles are easily attached to the new surfaces, and as shown in FIG. 3, Zn particles are formed on the active surfaces of all the Sm-Co particles 31. As the particles 32 become attached, S
The Zn particles 32 can be uniformly dispersed between the m-Co particles 31.
【００２７】図４は上記のようにボールミルを使用した
場合の、得られる永久磁石のせん断強度の処理時間に沿
った推移を示すグラフ図であり、５時間のボールミル処
理で十分な大きさのせん断強度が得られている。なお、
後に説明する加熱成形時に超音波を付加しない場合を比
較例として示している。FIG. 4 is a graph showing the transition of the shear strength of the obtained permanent magnets along the processing time when the ball mill is used as described above. Strength is obtained. In addition,
As a comparative example, a case where ultrasonic waves are not applied during the heat molding described later is shown.
【００２８】なお、この実施例では上記のようにボール
ミル１のみを用いて粉砕を行いながら混合を行ったが、
粒子の過度な粉砕を懸念する場合は、ボールミルにより
必要な粉砕を実施した後、乳鉢等粉同士がこすれ合う工
法を採ることでその問題は解消される。この場合、こす
り合わせによる摩擦によってもＳｍ−Ｃｏ粒子３１に活
性な新生面を形成され、両粒子の混合が促進される。In this embodiment, as described above, the ball mill 1 alone was used for pulverization and mixing.
When there is concern about excessive pulverization of particles, the problem is solved by performing a necessary pulverization with a ball mill and then adopting a method of rubbing powders such as mortar with each other. In this case, an active new surface is formed on the Sm-Co particles 31 by friction due to rubbing, and the mixing of both particles is promoted.
【００２９】また、上記の実施例では、Ｓｍ−Ｃｏ粒子
３１とＺｎ粒子３２との混合を基本的にボールミル１に
おいて粉砕することで行うようにしたが、乳鉢において
それぞれの粒子をこすり合わせ、このこすり合わせによ
る摩擦のみによってＳｍ−Ｃｏ粒子３１に活性な新生面
を形成するようにして両粒子の混合を行うこともでき
る。この場合は、こすり合わせに先立ってＳｍ−Ｃｏ粒
子３１のみをボールミルにおいて適正な大きさに粉砕し
ておく。In the above embodiment, the Sm-Co particles 31 and the Zn particles 32 are basically mixed by crushing in the ball mill 1. However, the respective particles are rubbed together in a mortar, It is also possible to mix both particles so that an active new surface is formed on the Sm-Co particles 31 only by friction by rubbing. In this case, only the Sm—Co particles 31 are crushed to an appropriate size in a ball mill before rubbing.
【００３０】（３）［加熱、成形工程］ この工程が本発明の第２の工程を構成する。(3) [Heating and molding step] This step constitutes the second step of the present invention.
【００３１】この工程の説明に先立ち、図５を参照して
この工程において用いる加熱成形機１０の構成を説明す
る。Prior to the description of this step, the structure of the heat molding machine 10 used in this step will be described with reference to FIG.
【００３２】筒状の金型１１内の上部ポンチ１２下端と
下部ホーン１３上端との間に成形品の装填部１４が形成
され、この装填部１４は金型１１外周表面に巻装された
電熱線１５によって加熱され、さらに上部ポンチ１２を
通して圧力が負荷されるようになっている。また、この
装填部１４には、上部ポンチ１２及び下部ホーン１３を
鉄芯とした電磁石によって発生される磁場が与えられる
とともに、振動子１６にブースターホーン１７を取り付
け、ブースターホーン１７の先端に下部ホーン１３を接
続することによって超音波振動が与えられるようになっ
ている。１９は上部ポンチ１２及び下部ホーン１３を磁
化させる磁化コイルである。A loading part 14 for the molded product is formed between the lower end of the upper punch 12 and the upper end of the lower horn 13 in the cylindrical mold 11, and this loading part 14 is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the mold 11. It is heated by the heating wire 15 and further pressure is applied through the upper punch 12. A magnetic field generated by an electromagnet having the upper punch 12 and the lower horn 13 as an iron core is applied to the loading section 14, a booster horn 17 is attached to the vibrator 16, and the lower horn is attached to the tip of the booster horn 17. Ultrasonic vibration is applied by connecting 13 together. Reference numeral 19 is a magnetizing coil that magnetizes the upper punch 12 and the lower horn 13.
【００３３】なお、ブースターホーン１７のプレス台１
８での支持具２０それぞれを介しての支持によって振動
が阻害されることが懸念されるが、ブースターホーン１
７の密度をρ、ヤング率をＥとすれば、軸方向に伸縮す
る縦振動の音速度ｃは、 ｃ＝√Ｅ／ρ で表され、縦波の波長λは、共振周波数ｆとすれば、 λ＝ｃ／ｆ となり、振動子１６とブースターホーン１７の接続部か
ら支持部までの距離をλ／４として、支持部での振動を
Ｏとすることによって、上記阻害を防止することができ
るようになっている。The press table 1 for the booster horn 17
Although there is a concern that the vibrations may be hindered by the support via the support members 20 in FIG.
If the density of 7 is ρ and the Young's modulus is E, the sound velocity c of longitudinal vibration that expands and contracts in the axial direction is expressed by c = √E / ρ, and the wavelength λ of the longitudinal wave is the resonance frequency f. , Λ = c / f, and by setting the distance from the connecting portion between the vibrator 16 and the booster horn 17 to the support portion to λ / 4 and setting the vibration at the support portion to O, the above inhibition can be prevented. It is like this.
【００３４】上記のような構成の加熱成形機１０におい
て、加圧による成形は粒子の方向をＣ軸方向にそろえＢ
ｒ（残留磁束密度）の大きい異方性磁石を得るように磁
場中で行う。この時、電熱線１５により加熱するととも
に、振動子１６を作動することで微振動を与えるもの
で、図６はそれぞれの作動のタイミングを示している。In the thermoforming machine 10 having the above-described structure, in the molding by pressurization, the particles are aligned in the C-axis direction B
This is performed in a magnetic field so as to obtain an anisotropic magnet having a large r (residual magnetic flux density). At this time, a minute vibration is given by heating the heating wire 15 and operating the vibrator 16, and FIG. 6 shows the timing of each operation.
【００３５】すなわち、加熱は２分経過後ぐらいに開始
され、１７分経過後ぐらいに停止され、これにより、金
型温度は５分経過後あたりから１７分経過後ぐらいまで
約５００℃に維持される。加圧は加熱前に低圧（１０Ｋ
ｇ／ｍｍ2）において、加熱の停止前において高圧（６
０Ｋｇ／ｍｍ2）において行われる。磁場形成は初めか
ら１５分経過後ぐらいまで継続して行われる。超音波の
付加は、加熱前と５００℃なった初期の段階で行われ
る。That is, heating is started after about 2 minutes and stopped after about 17 minutes, whereby the mold temperature is maintained at about 500 ° C. from about 5 minutes to about 17 minutes. It Pressurize low pressure (10K
g / mm 2 ) at high pressure (6
At 0 Kg / mm 2 ). The magnetic field is continuously formed until about 15 minutes have passed from the beginning. The application of ultrasonic waves is performed before heating and at an initial stage of 500 ° C.
【００３６】上記の加熱によってＳｍ−Ｃｏ粒子表面の
Ｚｎ粒子が液状化し、さらに超音波による微振動によっ
て液状のＺｎがＳｍ−Ｃｏ粒子界面にくまなく浸透し、
また、磁場の付加によりＳｍ−Ｃｏ粒子の配向がなされ
る。この配向は超音波の微振動により促進される。By the above heating, the Zn particles on the surface of the Sm-Co particles are liquefied, and the liquid Zn penetrates all over the interface of the Sm-Co particles by microvibration by ultrasonic waves.
In addition, the Sm-Co particles are oriented by applying a magnetic field. This orientation is promoted by microvibration of ultrasonic waves.
【００３７】図７は磁束密度に及ぼす超音波振動付加の
効果を表すグラフ図であり、超音波振動が付加された場
合の方が磁束密度が高くなることを表している。FIG. 7 is a graph showing the effect of applying ultrasonic vibration on the magnetic flux density, and shows that the magnetic flux density becomes higher when ultrasonic vibration is applied.
【００３８】この実施例では圧縮圧力として１０〜６０
Ｋｇ／ｍｍ2を、磁場は最大で１７ｋＯｅ、加熱はＺｎ
の融点上５００℃、振動は周波数１８ｋＨｚ、振幅１０
μｍを設定して実施した。In this embodiment, the compression pressure is 10 to 60.
Kg / mm 2 , magnetic field is maximum 17 kOe, heating is Zn
Above the melting point of 500 ℃, vibration is frequency 18kHz, amplitude 10
.mu.m was set and carried out.
【００３９】（４）［冷却工程］ 図６において、１７分経過後に加熱が終了することで金
型１４温度は下降し、それにより成形品の冷却がなさ
れ、製品の取り出しが行われる。(4) [Cooling Step] In FIG. 6, the temperature of the mold 14 is lowered by the completion of heating after 17 minutes, whereby the molded product is cooled and the product is taken out.
【００４０】（５）［熱処理工程］ 上記成形品を、２００℃で１時間ぐらい加熱する。これ
により、永久磁石の保持力を高める。(5) [Heat Treatment Step] The above molded product is heated at 200 ° C. for about 1 hour. This enhances the holding force of the permanent magnet.
【００４１】図８は成形品である永久磁石３０の断面構
成を示し、Ｓｍ−Ｃｏ粒子３１間にＺｎ３２が充填され
た状態となっている。FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional structure of a permanent magnet 30 which is a molded product, in which Zn 32 is filled between Sm-Co particles 31.
【００４２】図９は本発明の製造によって得られた永久
磁石の性能を従来の焼結磁石とボンド磁石と比較するも
ので、本発明の永久磁石は、せん断強度、残留磁束密度
とも焼結磁石と同等の十分な値が得られている。FIG. 9 compares the performance of the permanent magnet obtained by the production of the present invention with that of a conventional sintered magnet and a bonded magnet. The permanent magnet of the present invention has a shear strength, a residual magnetic flux density and a sintered magnet. A sufficient value equivalent to is obtained.
【００４３】なお、上記実施例では、磁性素材としてＳ
ｍ−Ｃｏを、バインダ金属としてＺｎを用いた例を説明
したが、Ｎｄ−Ｆｅ等の磁性素材を用いてもよく、バイ
ンダ金属としてＡｌ，Ｓｕ，Ｆｅあるいはその合金等を
用いてもよい。In the above embodiment, S is used as the magnetic material.
Although an example in which m-Co is used and Zn is used as the binder metal has been described, a magnetic material such as Nd-Fe may be used, and Al, Su, Fe or an alloy thereof may be used as the binder metal.
【００４４】図１０（Ａ）は、本発明によって得られる
永久磁石６０の他の実施例を示すものであり、一方面側
でバインダ６１の割合を多方面側で磁性材６２の割合を
Ｒｉｃｈとした、いわゆる傾斜機能を持った構成として
いる。この永久磁石６０は磁性素材粒子粉と低融点金属
粒子粉との混合比が異なる複数の混合粉を多層に積層し
て成形加熱することで得られる。FIG. 10A shows another embodiment of the permanent magnet 60 obtained by the present invention, in which the ratio of the binder 61 on one side is Rich and the ratio of the magnetic material 62 on the multifaceted side is Rich. It has a so-called tilt function. The permanent magnet 60 is obtained by stacking a plurality of mixed powders having different mixing ratios of the magnetic material particle powder and the low-melting point metal particle powder in multiple layers and molding and heating.
【００４５】図１０（Ｂ）は、本発明によって得られる
永久磁石７１と異種材料７２との複合材料７０を示すも
のであり、本発明では低融点金属を用いることで成形温
度を低くできることにより、永久磁石７１と適宜の異種
材料７２との複合材料を容易に得ることができるように
なる。FIG. 10 (B) shows a composite material 70 of a permanent magnet 71 and a dissimilar material 72 obtained by the present invention. In the present invention, the molding temperature can be lowered by using a low melting point metal. A composite material of the permanent magnet 71 and an appropriate dissimilar material 72 can be easily obtained.
【００４６】[0046]
【発明の効果】請求項１記載の発明によれば、バインダ
として低融点金属を用いているので、加熱成形時におけ
る体積収縮がないとともに、磁気特性、高温強度も良好
に維持されるようになり、これにより、寸法精度、磁気
特性、高温強度がともに優れる永久磁石が得られるよう
になった。According to the invention described in claim 1, since the low melting point metal is used as the binder, there is no volume shrinkage at the time of heat molding, and the magnetic characteristics and the high temperature strength are maintained well. As a result, a permanent magnet having excellent dimensional accuracy, magnetic properties, and high temperature strength can be obtained.
【００４７】請求項２記載の発明によれば、バインダと
して低融点金属粒子粉を用いて永久磁石を製造するの
で、低温で加熱成形できることで体積収縮がないととも
に、磁気特性、高温強度も良好に維持され、これによ
り、寸法精度、磁気特性、高温強度がともに優れる永久
磁石が得られるようになった。According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the permanent magnet is manufactured by using the low melting point metal particle powder as the binder, it is possible to perform heat molding at a low temperature, so that there is no volume shrinkage, and the magnetic characteristics and the high temperature strength are excellent. As a result, a permanent magnet having excellent dimensional accuracy, magnetic properties, and high temperature strength can be obtained.
【００４８】とくに、本発明では、加熱成形が同時に行
われて永久磁石が得られる構成としていて、従来の焼結
磁石に比べて製造が短時間において簡単に行われるもの
で、言い換えるならば、従来におけるボンド磁石と同様
の簡単な製造工程において、焼結磁石と同等の優れた性
能を持つ永久磁石が得られるようになった。In particular, in the present invention, the permanent magnet is obtained by performing the heat molding simultaneously, and the manufacturing is easily performed in a short time as compared with the conventional sintered magnet. In other words, the conventional magnet is used. In the same simple manufacturing process as that of the bonded magnet, the permanent magnet having excellent performance equivalent to that of the sintered magnet can be obtained.
【００４９】請求項３記載の発明によれば、請求項２記
載の発明において、さらに、粉砕により磁性素材粒子が
粒子臨界寸法にされるとともに、より混合が促進される
ようになるので、これにより、さらに磁気特性に優れ、
かつ、せん断強度が大きい永久磁石が得られるようにな
った。According to the invention described in claim 3, in the invention described in claim 2, the magnetic material particles are further made to have a critical particle size by pulverization, and the mixing is further promoted. , Further excellent magnetic properties,
Moreover, it has become possible to obtain a permanent magnet having high shear strength.
【００５０】請求項４記載の発明によれば、請求項２記
載の発明において、さらに、こすり合わせにより混合が
促進されるようになるので、これにより、さらに磁気特
性に優れ、かつ、せん断強度が大きい永久磁石が得られ
るようになった。[0050] According to the invention described in claim 4, in the invention described in claim 2, mixing is further promoted by rubbing, whereby the magnetic properties are further excellent and the shear strength is further improved. Large permanent magnets are now available.
【００５１】請求項５記載の発明によれば、請求項２記
載の発明において、さらに、成形に際し液状の低融点金
属が磁性素材粒子の粒子界面にくまなく浸透するととも
に、粒子間の空間を縮小し密度をも向上させるので、こ
れにより、さらにせん断強度が大きく、磁気特性に優れ
る永久磁石が得られるようになった。According to the invention described in claim 5, in the invention described in claim 2, the liquid low-melting-point metal further penetrates into the grain boundaries of the magnetic material grains during molding, and the space between grains is reduced. Since it also improves the density, this has made it possible to obtain a permanent magnet having higher shear strength and excellent magnetic properties.
【００５２】請求項６記載の発明によれば、請求項２記
載の発明において、成形に際し磁性素材粒子の配向が行
われ、磁気特性に優れる永久磁石が得られるようになっ
た。According to the invention of claim 6, in the invention of claim 2, the magnetic material particles are oriented during molding, and a permanent magnet having excellent magnetic properties can be obtained.
【００５３】請求項７記載の発明によれば、請求項２記
載の発明において、請求項３または請求項４、請求項
５、請求項６記載の発明の作用がともに発揮される、製
造が容易で、寸法精度、磁気特性、強度がともに優れる
永久磁石が得られるようになった。According to the invention of claim 7, in the invention of claim 2, the effects of the inventions of claim 3 or claim 4, claim 5 and claim 6 are exhibited together, which is easy to manufacture. Thus, it has become possible to obtain a permanent magnet having excellent dimensional accuracy, magnetic characteristics, and strength.
【図１】本発明の製造工程を示す簡略図FIG. 1 is a simplified diagram showing a manufacturing process of the present invention.
【図２】ボールミルを示す簡略図FIG. 2 is a simplified diagram showing a ball mill.
【図３】Ｓｍ−Ｃｏ粒子とＺｎ粒子との混合を示す図FIG. 3 is a diagram showing mixing of Sm—Co particles and Zn particles.
【図４】ボールミル処理の時間経過にによるせん断強度
の推移を示すグラフ図FIG. 4 is a graph showing changes in shear strength over time in ball mill processing.
【図５】圧縮整形機の構成図。FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a compression shaping machine.
【図６】加熱成形時のそれぞれの動作タイミングを説明
する図FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining respective operation timings during heat molding.
【図７】本発明によって得られる永久磁石の実施例断面
図FIG. 7 is a sectional view of an embodiment of a permanent magnet obtained according to the present invention.
【図８】磁束密度におよぼす超音波振動付加の効果を示
すグラフ図FIG. 8 is a graph showing the effect of applying ultrasonic vibration to the magnetic flux density.
【図９】本発明によって得られる永久磁石の特性の説明
図FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of characteristics of a permanent magnet obtained by the present invention.
【図１０】本発明によって得られる永久磁石の他の実施
例の断面図FIG. 10 is a sectional view of another embodiment of a permanent magnet obtained according to the present invention.
３０ 永久磁石 ３１ Ｓｍ−Ｃｏ粒子（磁性材） ３２ Ｚｎ（低融点金属） 30 Permanent Magnet 31 Sm-Co Particle (Magnetic Material) 32 Zn (Low Melting Point Metal)
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｂ２２Ｆ 3/093 Ｃ２２Ｃ 38/00 ３０３ Ｄ // Ｃ２２Ｃ 19/07 Ｅ Ｂ２２Ｆ 3/02 Ｊ ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location B22F 3/093 C22C 38/00 303 D // C22C 19/07 E B22F 3/02 J
Claims (7)
て構成される永久磁石において、 前記バインダとして低融点金属を用いてなることを特徴
とする永久磁石。1. A permanent magnet formed by integrally molding a magnetic material and a binder, wherein a low melting point metal is used as the binder.
子粉とを混合する第１の工程と、 前記第１の工程で得られた混合材料を加熱成形する第２
の工程と、 を備えることを特徴とする永久磁石の製造方法。2. A first step of mixing a predetermined amount of magnetic material particle powder and a low melting point metal particle powder, and a second step of heat-molding the mixed material obtained in the first step.
The method of manufacturing a permanent magnet, comprising:
とを特徴とする請求項２記載の永久磁石の製造方法。3. The method for manufacturing a permanent magnet according to claim 2, wherein the first step is performed with pulverization.
て行うことを特徴とする請求項２記載の永久磁石の製造
方法。4. The method for producing a permanent magnet according to claim 2, wherein the first step is performed with rubbing.
ことを特徴とする請求項２記載の永久磁石の製造方法。5. The method for producing a permanent magnet according to claim 2, wherein the second step is performed with slight vibration.
ことを特徴とする請求項２記載の永久磁石の製造方法。6. The method of manufacturing a permanent magnet according to claim 2, wherein the second step is performed in a magnetic field.
わせを伴って行い、前記第２の工程を磁場中において微
振動を伴って行うことを特徴とする請求項２記載の永久
磁石の製造方法。7. The method for producing a permanent magnet according to claim 2, wherein the first step is performed with grinding or rubbing, and the second step is performed with slight vibration in a magnetic field. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6111086A JPH07320918A (en) | 1994-05-25 | 1994-05-25 | Parmanent magnet and manufacturing method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6111086A JPH07320918A (en) | 1994-05-25 | 1994-05-25 | Parmanent magnet and manufacturing method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07320918A true JPH07320918A (en) | 1995-12-08 |
Family
ID=14552035
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6111086A Pending JPH07320918A (en) | 1994-05-25 | 1994-05-25 | Parmanent magnet and manufacturing method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07320918A (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20000014040A (en) * | 1998-08-17 | 2000-03-06 | 밍 루 | method FOR MANUFACTURING RARE-EARTH PERMANENT MAGNET |
| JP2003100509A (en) * | 2001-09-27 | 2003-04-04 | Nec Tokin Corp | Magnetic core and inductance part using the same |
| KR100446453B1 (en) * | 2001-08-30 | 2004-09-01 | 대한민국(충남대학교) | FABRICATION METHOD OF ANISOTROPIC NdFeB PERMANENT MAGNET |
| US8518194B2 (en) | 2008-10-01 | 2013-08-27 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Magnetic article and method for producing a magnetic article |
| US8551210B2 (en) | 2007-12-27 | 2013-10-08 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Composite article with magnetocalorically active material and method for its production |
| US8938872B2 (en) | 2008-10-01 | 2015-01-27 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Article comprising at least one magnetocalorically active phase and method of working an article comprising at least one magnetocalorically active phase |
| US9175885B2 (en) | 2007-02-12 | 2015-11-03 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Article made of a granular magnetocalorically active material for heat exchange |
| US9524816B2 (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2016-12-20 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method of fabricating a working component for magnetic heat exchange |
| JP2017523586A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2017-08-17 | エルジー エレクトロニクス インコーポレイティド | Manganese bismuth-based sintered magnet with improved thermal stability and manufacturing method thereof |
| US9773591B2 (en) | 2009-05-06 | 2017-09-26 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Article for magnetic heat exchange and method of fabricating an article for magnetic heat exchange |
| CN110895984A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2020-03-20 | 河南科技大学 | Strong texture SmCo5Base nano composite permanent magnetic material and its preparation method |
-
1994
- 1994-05-25 JP JP6111086A patent/JPH07320918A/en active Pending
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20000014040A (en) * | 1998-08-17 | 2000-03-06 | 밍 루 | method FOR MANUFACTURING RARE-EARTH PERMANENT MAGNET |
| KR100446453B1 (en) * | 2001-08-30 | 2004-09-01 | 대한민국(충남대학교) | FABRICATION METHOD OF ANISOTROPIC NdFeB PERMANENT MAGNET |
| JP2003100509A (en) * | 2001-09-27 | 2003-04-04 | Nec Tokin Corp | Magnetic core and inductance part using the same |
| US9175885B2 (en) | 2007-02-12 | 2015-11-03 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Article made of a granular magnetocalorically active material for heat exchange |
| US8551210B2 (en) | 2007-12-27 | 2013-10-08 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Composite article with magnetocalorically active material and method for its production |
| US9666340B2 (en) | 2007-12-27 | 2017-05-30 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Composite article with magnetocalorically active material and method for its production |
| US8518194B2 (en) | 2008-10-01 | 2013-08-27 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Magnetic article and method for producing a magnetic article |
| US8938872B2 (en) | 2008-10-01 | 2015-01-27 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Article comprising at least one magnetocalorically active phase and method of working an article comprising at least one magnetocalorically active phase |
| US9773591B2 (en) | 2009-05-06 | 2017-09-26 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Article for magnetic heat exchange and method of fabricating an article for magnetic heat exchange |
| US9524816B2 (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2016-12-20 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method of fabricating a working component for magnetic heat exchange |
| JP2017523586A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2017-08-17 | エルジー エレクトロニクス インコーポレイティド | Manganese bismuth-based sintered magnet with improved thermal stability and manufacturing method thereof |
| US10695840B2 (en) | 2015-04-29 | 2020-06-30 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Sintered magnet based on MnBi having improved heat stability and method of preparing the same |
| CN110895984A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2020-03-20 | 河南科技大学 | Strong texture SmCo5Base nano composite permanent magnetic material and its preparation method |
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