JPH0727224B2 - Reinforcing agent for electrophotographic photoreceptor and method for producing the same - Google Patents
Reinforcing agent for electrophotographic photoreceptor and method for producing the sameInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0727224B2 JPH0727224B2 JP23224386A JP23224386A JPH0727224B2 JP H0727224 B2 JPH0727224 B2 JP H0727224B2 JP 23224386 A JP23224386 A JP 23224386A JP 23224386 A JP23224386 A JP 23224386A JP H0727224 B2 JPH0727224 B2 JP H0727224B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- polyethylene wax
- weight
- reinforcing agent
- parts
- toluene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
- G03G5/0528—Macromolecular bonding materials
- G03G5/0532—Macromolecular bonding materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsatured bonds
- G03G5/0535—Polyolefins; Polystyrenes; Waxes
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は，平滑でありかつ機械的強度に優れた感光層が
得られる電子写真感光体用の補強剤およびその製造方法
に関する。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a reinforcing agent for an electrophotographic photoreceptor, which is capable of obtaining a photosensitive layer that is smooth and has excellent mechanical strength, and a method for producing the same.
（従来の技術） 電子写真用感光体の感光層には，無機・有機の各種の感
光材料が知られている。無機系の感光材料は表面が硬く
耐久性に富むため，大型の高速機には適しているもの
の，高価であり，また，人体に有害なものが多い。それ
ゆえ，最近の複写機，特に，低速機には，有機系の感光
材料を用いる傾向がある。(Prior Art) Various inorganic and organic photosensitive materials are known for the photosensitive layer of an electrophotographic photoreceptor. Inorganic photosensitive materials are suitable for large-sized high-speed machines because of their hard surface and rich durability, but they are expensive and often harmful to the human body. Therefore, in recent copying machines, especially low speed machines, there is a tendency to use organic photosensitive materials.
有機系の感光材料としては，一般に，ポリビニルカルバ
ゾールが用いられる。しかし，ポリビニルカルバゾール
は，分子構造に立体障害があり，柔軟性がなく，もろい
ため，形成された感光層の耐摩耗性が低い。耐摩耗性を
改善するために，ポリカーボネートやポリエステル等の
電気絶縁性樹脂をポリビニルカルバゾールの補強剤とし
て用いることが提案されているが，いまだ，感光層の耐
摩耗性では実用レベルにまで到っていない。また，耐摩
耗性を改善するための補強剤として，ポリエチレンワッ
クスを添加することが提案されている。しかし，通常の
方法でポリエチレンワックスをポリビニルカルバゾール
に添加した場合，平均粒径1.0μｍ以上の粗大粒子状で
感光層に分散される場合が多い。この粗大粒子状のポリ
エチレンワックスを分散して形成された感光層は平滑性
に欠けるため，複写機での実用コピー時にブレードクリ
ーニング工程において，感光層表面に紙粉やトナー凝集
物が上記粗大粒子を起点として発生し，複写物上の汚れ
となって再現される場合が多い。Polyvinylcarbazole is generally used as the organic photosensitive material. However, polyvinylcarbazole has steric hindrance in the molecular structure, is not flexible, and is fragile, so that the formed photosensitive layer has low abrasion resistance. In order to improve the abrasion resistance, it has been proposed to use an electrically insulating resin such as polycarbonate or polyester as a reinforcing agent for polyvinylcarbazole, but the abrasion resistance of the photosensitive layer has not reached a practical level. Absent. It has also been proposed to add polyethylene wax as a reinforcing agent to improve wear resistance. However, when polyethylene wax is added to polyvinylcarbazole by a usual method, it is often dispersed in the photosensitive layer in the form of coarse particles having an average particle size of 1.0 μm or more. Since the photosensitive layer formed by dispersing the coarse-grained polyethylene wax lacks smoothness, paper dust or toner agglomerates may cause the coarse particles on the surface of the photosensitive layer in the blade cleaning process during practical copying in a copying machine. It often occurs as a starting point and is often reproduced as dirt on the copy.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点） 本発明は上記従来の問題点を解決するものであり，その
目的とするところは，平滑な感光層が得られる電子写真
感光体用の補強剤およびその製造方法を提供することに
ある。本発明の他の目的は，機械的強度に優れた感光層
が得られる電子写真感光体用の補強剤およびその製造方
法を提供することにある。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a reinforcing agent for an electrophotographic photosensitive member which can provide a smooth photosensitive layer and its production. To provide a method. Another object of the present invention is to provide a reinforcing agent for an electrophotographic photosensitive member that can obtain a photosensitive layer having excellent mechanical strength, and a method for producing the same.
（問題点を解決するための手段） 本発明は，電子写真用有機感光体において，感光層の補
強剤としてのポリエチレンワックスを平均粒径0.5μｍ
以下で分散させることにより，平滑でありかつ機械的強
度に優れた感光層が得られる，平滑な感光層は表面に紙
粉やトナー凝集物などが固着しないため，画像汚れが発
生しにくい，との発明者の知見にもとづいて完成され
た。(Means for Solving Problems) The present invention relates to an organic photoreceptor for electrophotography, which comprises a polyethylene wax as a reinforcing agent for a photosensitive layer having an average particle diameter of 0.5 μm
By dispersing below, a photosensitive layer that is smooth and has excellent mechanical strength can be obtained. Paper particles, toner aggregates, etc. do not adhere to the surface of the smooth photosensitive layer, so image stains are less likely to occur. It was completed based on the knowledge of the inventor.
本発明の電子写真感光体用の補強剤は，トルエン／テト
ラヒドロフラン混合溶媒に，平均粒径0.5μｍ以下のポ
リエチレンワックスを分散してなり，そのことにより上
記目的が達成される。The reinforcing agent for an electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention comprises polyethylene wax having an average particle size of 0.5 μm or less dispersed in a toluene / tetrahydrofuran mixed solvent, thereby achieving the above object.
本発明の電子写真感光体用の補強剤の製造方法は，上記
補強剤を製造する方法であって， 該ポリエチレンワックスにトルエンを加えて加熱溶解さ
せる工程，および該トルエン溶液をテトラヒドロフラン
に加えて冷却し，該ポリエチレンワックスを微粒化する
工程，を包含し，そのことにより上記目的が達成され
る。The method for producing a reinforcing agent for an electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention is a method for producing the above-mentioned reinforcing agent, which comprises the steps of adding toluene to the polyethylene wax and heating and dissolving it, and adding the toluene solution to tetrahydrofuran and cooling. Then, the step of atomizing the polyethylene wax is included, whereby the above object is achieved.
ポリエチレンワックスの分散後の平均粒径が0.5μｍを
上まわると，感光層の表面に凹凸が生じ，この凹凸部分
に紙粉やトナー凝集物などが固着し易くなる。そのため
に，この紙粉やトナー凝集物などが固着した有機感光体
を用いて複写を行えば，固着物の付着した部分は事実上
感度なくなるため，露光時に電荷が消失されず，画像汚
れとなって複写物上に再現される。If the average particle size of the polyethylene wax after dispersion exceeds 0.5 μm, unevenness is generated on the surface of the photosensitive layer, and paper powder, toner aggregates, and the like tend to adhere to the unevenness. Therefore, when copying is performed using the organic photoconductor to which the paper dust or toner aggregates are fixed, the portion to which the fixed substance adheres is virtually desensitized, and the electric charge is not lost during exposure, resulting in image stains. It is reproduced on the copy.
ポリエチレンワックス100重量部に対し，トルエンは500
〜1500重量部，好ましくは700〜1100重量部の範囲で加
えられる。500重量部を下まわると，ポリエチレンワッ
クスの溶解性が低下する。1500重量部を上まわると，分
散媒としてのテトラヒドロフランを多量に要する。次い
で，加熱により，ポリエチレンワックスがトルエンに溶
解される。加熱溶解は,85℃以上の温度でなされる。85
℃を下まわると，ポリエチレンワックスのトルエン溶液
をテトラヒドロフランに分散しても，微粒子状のポリエ
チレンワックスが得られない。ポリエチレンワックスの
トルエン溶液100重量部に対し，テトラヒドロフランは6
0重量部以上，好ましくは80重量部以上加えられる。60
重量部を下まわると，微粒子状のポリエチレンワックス
が得られない。ポリエチレンワックスのトルエン溶液に
テトラヒドロフランを加えると同時に，冷却が施され
る。冷却は５〜25℃，好ましくは10〜20℃の温度までな
される。冷却は，可能な限り短時間で行われる。短時間
の冷却により，ポリエチレンワックスの結晶析出温度
（約70℃）の通過時間を短くし，それにより，凝集の少
ない微粒子状のポリエチレンワックスが得られる。この
ポリエチレンワックスの平均粒径は0.5μｍ以下であ
る。Toluene is 500 against 100 parts by weight of polyethylene wax
-1500 parts by weight, preferably 700-1100 parts by weight. When it is less than 500 parts by weight, the solubility of polyethylene wax decreases. When it exceeds 1500 parts by weight, a large amount of tetrahydrofuran is required as a dispersion medium. Then, by heating, the polyethylene wax is dissolved in toluene. The heating dissolution is performed at a temperature above 85 ℃. 85
If the temperature falls below ℃, even if a toluene solution of polyethylene wax is dispersed in tetrahydrofuran, fine particle polyethylene wax cannot be obtained. For 100 parts by weight of a solution of polyethylene wax in toluene, tetrahydrofuran is 6
0 parts by weight or more, preferably 80 parts by weight or more are added. 60
When the amount is less than the weight part, fine particle polyethylene wax cannot be obtained. Tetrahydrofuran is added to the toluene solution of polyethylene wax, and at the same time, cooling is performed. Cooling is performed to a temperature of 5 to 25 ° C, preferably 10 to 20 ° C. Cooling takes place in the shortest possible time. By cooling for a short time, the passage time of the polyethylene wax crystal precipitation temperature (about 70 ° C) is shortened, and as a result, fine particle polyethylene wax with less aggregation is obtained. The average particle size of this polyethylene wax is 0.5 μm or less.
得られたポリエチレンワックスは，トルエン／テトラヒ
ドロフラン混合溶媒中にて長時間微粒子状で保たれる。
それゆえ，この補強剤は，保存が可能である。The obtained polyethylene wax is kept in the form of fine particles for a long time in a toluene / tetrahydrofuran mixed solvent.
Therefore, this reinforcing agent can be preserved.
本発明の補強剤を用いて，例えば，次のようにして有機
感光体が作製される。Using the reinforcing agent of the present invention, for example, an organic photoreceptor is prepared as follows.
微粒子状のポリエチレンワックス補強剤を，ポリビニル
カルバゾールの溶液に加える。この溶液を導電性基体上
に一定の厚みで塗布することにより，電子写真用有機感
光体が得られる。Particulate polyethylene wax reinforcement is added to the solution of polyvinylcarbazole. An organic photoconductor for electrophotography is obtained by applying this solution on a conductive substrate with a constant thickness.
（実施例） 以下に本発明を実施例について述べる。(Examples) The present invention will be described below with reference to Examples.
ポリエチレンワックス（AC9,アライドケミカル社製）１
重量部にトルエン９重量部を加え,85℃以上に加熱して
ポリエチレンワックスを溶解させた。この溶液をテトラ
ヒドロフラン10重量部に加え,1分間で15℃まで急冷し
た。急冷により，微粒子状のポリエチレンワックスの分
散が認められた。このポリエチレンワックスの平均粒径
は0.1μｍであった。Polyethylene wax (AC9, Allied Chemical Co.) 1
9 parts by weight of toluene was added to parts by weight and heated to 85 ° C. or higher to dissolve the polyethylene wax. This solution was added to 10 parts by weight of tetrahydrofuran and rapidly cooled to 15 ° C for 1 minute. Dispersion of polyethylene wax in the form of fine particles was confirmed by the rapid cooling. The average particle size of this polyethylene wax was 0.1 μm.
このポリエチレンワックス分散液をガラスのプレパラー
ト上に，乾燥後の厚さが２μｍになるようにワイヤーバ
ーにて塗布し,40℃で１時間の乾燥を行った。乾燥後，
顕微鏡により表面状態を観察したところ，凹凸が少なく
平滑であった。This polyethylene wax dispersion was applied on a glass slide with a wire bar so that the thickness after drying was 2 μm, and dried at 40 ° C. for 1 hour. After drying,
When the surface condition was observed with a microscope, it was smooth with few irregularities.
ポリビニルカルバゾール（亜南香料社製）100重量部に
対し，ペリレン系顔料（N,N′−ジ（３・５−ジメチル
フェニル）ペリレン−３・４・９・10テトラカルボン酸
ジイミド）８重量部,2・３−ジクロル−１・４−ナフト
キノン20重量部およびテトラヒドロフラン1000重量部を
ステンレスボールミルで24時間分散した。この感光液に
上記ポリエチレンワックス分散液を加え，さらに,6時間
分散を続行し，均一な分散液を得た。8 parts by weight of perylene-based pigment (N, N'-di (3.5-dimethylphenyl) perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide) per 100 parts by weight of polyvinylcarbazole (manufactured by Anan Perfume Co., Ltd.) 20 parts by weight of 2,2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone and 1000 parts by weight of tetrahydrofuran were dispersed in a stainless ball mill for 24 hours. The above polyethylene wax dispersion was added to this photosensitive solution, and dispersion was continued for 6 hours to obtain a uniform dispersion.
この分散液を厚さ1.5mmのアルミニウムドラム上に，乾
燥後の厚さが８μｍになるように浸漬法にて塗布し,100
℃で１時間の乾燥を行い，有機感光体を得た。この有機
感光体の感光層は，顕微鏡による観察により，平滑であ
った。この有機感光体を通常の電子写真用複写機（DC-1
11,三田工業社製）に装着し,3000枚の複写を行ったとこ
ろ，画像に汚れなどがなく，鮮明な電子写真複写画像が
得られた。This dispersion was applied onto a 1.5 mm thick aluminum drum by dipping so that the thickness after drying would be 8 μm.
The organic photoconductor was obtained by performing drying at ℃ for 1 hour. The photosensitive layer of this organic photoreceptor was smooth under a microscope. This organic photoreceptor is used as a standard electrophotographic copying machine (DC-1
11), manufactured by Mita Kogyo Co., Ltd., and made 3000 copies. As a result, a clear electrophotographic copy image was obtained with no stains on the image.
比較例 ポリエチレンワックス（AC9,アライドケミカル社製）１
重量部にトルエン９重量部を加え,85℃以上に加熱して
ポリエチレンワックスを溶解させた。この溶液を実施例
と同様の感光液に加え，均一に分散させた。Comparative example Polyethylene wax (AC9, Allied Chemical Co.) 1
9 parts by weight of toluene was added to parts by weight and heated to 85 ° C. or higher to dissolve the polyethylene wax. This solution was added to the same photosensitive solution as in the example and uniformly dispersed.
この混合物を用いて，実施例と同様の方法により有機感
光体を作製し，同様にして3000枚の複写を行ったとこ
ろ，ポリエチレンワックスの粗大粒子のところが起点と
なったトナーの固着物が感光体上に発生し，複写物上に
画像汚れとなって再現された。Using this mixture, an organic photoconductor was prepared in the same manner as in the example, and 3,000 copies were made in the same manner. When toner particles adhered to the photoconductor were found to have coarse particles of polyethylene wax as the starting point. It occurred on the top and was reproduced as an image stain on the copy.
（発明の効果） 本発明の電子写真感光体用の補強剤およびその製造方法
は，このように，平均粒径0.5μｍ以下のポリエチレン
ワックスが分散されているため，これを用いて有機感光
体を形成すれば，平滑な感光層が得られる。従来のよう
に，感光層の凹凸部分に紙粉やトナー凝集物などが固着
することなはない。それゆえ，画像汚れが少なく，鮮明
な電子写真複写画像が得られる。しかも，この有機感光
体の表面硬度は著しく高い。その結果，繰り返しの使用
によっても，感光層の表面電位の低下が少なく，画像の
鮮明さが維持されうる。(Effect of the Invention) In the reinforcing agent for an electrophotographic photoreceptor and the method for producing the same of the present invention, since the polyethylene wax having an average particle diameter of 0.5 μm or less is dispersed in this manner, an organic photoreceptor is prepared by using the wax. If formed, a smooth photosensitive layer can be obtained. Unlike in the past, paper dust and toner aggregates do not stick to the uneven portions of the photosensitive layer. Therefore, a clear electrophotographic copy image with little image stain can be obtained. Moreover, the surface hardness of this organic photoreceptor is extremely high. As a result, even after repeated use, the surface potential of the photosensitive layer does not decrease so much that the sharpness of the image can be maintained.
Claims (6)
に，平均粒径0.5μｍ以下のポリエチレンワックスを分
散した電子写真感光体用の補強剤。1. A reinforcing agent for an electrophotographic photoreceptor, which comprises a polyethylene wax having an average particle size of 0.5 μm or less dispersed in a toluene / tetrahydrofuran mixed solvent.
し，トルエンを500〜1500重量部の範囲で加え，さらに
該ポリエチレンワックスのトルエン溶液100重量部に対
し，テトラヒドロフランを60重量部以上加えた特許請求
の範囲第１項に記載の電子写真感光体用の補強剤。2. Toluene is added in the range of 500 to 1500 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of the polyethylene wax, and 60 parts by weight or more of tetrahydrofuran is added to 100 parts by weight of the toluene solution of the polyethylene wax. A reinforcing agent for an electrophotographic photoreceptor according to item 1.
に，平均粒径0.5μｍ以下のポリエチレンワックスを分
散した電子写真感光体用の補強剤の製造方法であって， 該ポリエチレンワックスにトルエンを加えて加熱溶解さ
せる工程，および 該トルエン溶液をテトラヒドロフランに加えて冷却し，
該ポリエチレンワックスを微粒化する工程， を包含する電子写真感光体用の補強剤の製造方法。3. A method for producing a reinforcing agent for an electrophotographic photosensitive member, comprising a polyethylene wax having an average particle size of 0.5 μm or less dispersed in a toluene / tetrahydrofuran mixed solvent, wherein toluene is added to the polyethylene wax and dissolved by heating. Process, and the toluene solution is added to tetrahydrofuran and cooled,
A method for producing a reinforcing agent for an electrophotographic photoreceptor, which comprises the step of atomizing the polyethylene wax.
し，トルエンを500〜1500重量部の範囲で加え，さらに
該ポリエチレンワックスのトルエン溶液100重量部に対
し，テトラヒドロフランを60重量部以上加えた特許請求
の範囲第３項に記載の電子写真感光体用の補強剤の製造
方法。4. Toluene is added in the range of 500 to 1500 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of the polyethylene wax, and 60 parts by weight or more of tetrahydrofuran is added to 100 parts by weight of the toluene solution of the polyethylene wax. A method for producing a reinforcing agent for an electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 3.
る特許請求の範囲第３項に記載の電子写真感光体用の補
強剤の製造方法。5. The method for producing a reinforcing agent for an electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 3, wherein the heating and melting are performed at a temperature of 85 ° C. or higher.
許請求の範囲第３項に記載の電子写真感光体用の補強剤
の製造方法。6. The method for producing a reinforcing agent for an electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 3, wherein the cooling is performed to a temperature of 5 to 25 ° C.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23224386A JPH0727224B2 (en) | 1986-09-30 | 1986-09-30 | Reinforcing agent for electrophotographic photoreceptor and method for producing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23224386A JPH0727224B2 (en) | 1986-09-30 | 1986-09-30 | Reinforcing agent for electrophotographic photoreceptor and method for producing the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6385748A JPS6385748A (en) | 1988-04-16 |
| JPH0727224B2 true JPH0727224B2 (en) | 1995-03-29 |
Family
ID=16936214
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23224386A Expired - Lifetime JPH0727224B2 (en) | 1986-09-30 | 1986-09-30 | Reinforcing agent for electrophotographic photoreceptor and method for producing the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0727224B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2644279B2 (en) * | 1988-05-20 | 1997-08-25 | キヤノン株式会社 | Electrophotographic photoreceptor |
| JP2644278B2 (en) * | 1988-05-20 | 1997-08-25 | キヤノン株式会社 | Electrophotographic photoreceptor |
| JP2644280B2 (en) * | 1988-05-20 | 1997-08-25 | キヤノン株式会社 | Electrophotographic photoreceptor |
| JP4497035B2 (en) * | 2004-06-25 | 2010-07-07 | 三菱化学株式会社 | Method for manufacturing electrophotographic photosensitive member, electrophotographic photosensitive member, electrophotographic photosensitive member cartridge, and image forming apparatus |
-
1986
- 1986-09-30 JP JP23224386A patent/JPH0727224B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6385748A (en) | 1988-04-16 |
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