JPH0726784B2 - 簡易液体窒素製造装置 - Google Patents

簡易液体窒素製造装置

Info

Publication number
JPH0726784B2
JPH0726784B2 JP4280944A JP28094492A JPH0726784B2 JP H0726784 B2 JPH0726784 B2 JP H0726784B2 JP 4280944 A JP4280944 A JP 4280944A JP 28094492 A JP28094492 A JP 28094492A JP H0726784 B2 JPH0726784 B2 JP H0726784B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
storage tank
refrigerant storage
refrigerant
cold head
liquid nitrogen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP4280944A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JPH06109358A (ja
Inventor
正誼 柳井
悦治 川口
幸也 菅崎
剛 鐘江
文五 近藤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Iwatani Industrial Gases Corp
Iwatani Sangyo KK
Original Assignee
Iwatani Plantech Corp
Iwatani Sangyo KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Iwatani Plantech Corp, Iwatani Sangyo KK filed Critical Iwatani Plantech Corp
Priority to JP4280944A priority Critical patent/JPH0726784B2/ja
Priority to GB9300690A priority patent/GB2274330B/en
Priority to CA002087355A priority patent/CA2087355C/en
Priority to US08/005,818 priority patent/US5327729A/en
Priority to AU31882/93A priority patent/AU3188293A/en
Priority to FR9300643A priority patent/FR2700836B1/fr
Priority to DE4302038A priority patent/DE4302038C2/de
Priority claimed from DE4302038A external-priority patent/DE4302038C2/de
Publication of JPH06109358A publication Critical patent/JPH06109358A/ja
Publication of JPH0726784B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0726784B2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
    • F25J1/0276—Laboratory or other miniature devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
    • C01B21/04—Purification or separation of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
    • F17C13/123—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures for gas bottles, cylinders or reservoirs for tank vehicles or for railway tank wagons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D19/00—Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices or objects to be refrigerated, e.g. infrared detectors
    • F25D19/006—Thermal coupling structure or interface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F25J1/0015—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0119—Shape cylindrical with flat end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0629—Two walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0326—Valves electrically actuated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0341—Filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0352—Pipes
    • F17C2205/0364—Pipes flexible or articulated, e.g. a hose
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F17C2223/047—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/03—Control means
    • F17C2250/036—Control means using alarms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/043—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0443—Flow or movement of content
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/07—Actions triggered by measured parameters
    • F17C2250/072—Action when predefined value is reached
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/01—Purifying the fluid
    • F17C2265/012—Purifying the fluid by filtering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/05—Applications for industrial use
    • F17C2270/0509—"Dewar" vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/05—Applications for industrial use
    • F17C2270/0527—Superconductors
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/40—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using hybrid system, i.e. combining cryogenic and non-cryogenic separation techniques
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/60—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using adsorption on solid adsorbents, e.g. by temperature-swing adsorption [TSA] at the hot or cold end
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/80—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using membrane, i.e. including a permeation step
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/40—Air or oxygen enriched air, i.e. generally less than 30mol% of O2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/42—Separating low boiling, i.e. more volatile components from nitrogen, e.g. He, H2, Ne
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/44—Separating high boiling, i.e. less volatile components from nitrogen, e.g. CO, Ar, O2, hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/90—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being boil-off gas from storage
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2280/00—Control of the process or apparatus
    • F25J2280/40—Control of freezing of components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/42—Modularity, pre-fabrication of modules, assembling and erection, horizontal layout, i.e. plot plan, and vertical arrangement of parts of the cryogenic unit, e.g. of the cold box
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、理科学機器等に冷熱源
として使用する液体窒素を簡単に製造する装置に関す
る。
【０００２】
【従来技術】従来、液体窒素の製造装置は、断熱容器で
形成した冷媒貯蔵槽の上端開口部から極低温冷凍機のコ
ールドヘッドを冷媒貯蔵槽内に突入配置し、冷媒貯蔵槽
に空気分離装置で分離した窒素ガスを気体状態で注入
し、コールドヘッドに発生する冷熱を窒素ガスに作用さ
せて液化させるように形成していた。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、従来の液体
窒素製造装置では、空気分離装置で水分や二酸化炭素を
完全に取り除くことはできず、分離された窒素は水分や
二酸化炭素を含んだ状態で断熱容器内に供給されること
になる。この不純物としての水分や二酸化炭素の沸点は
窒素に比べて高いことから、この不純物が極低温冷凍機
のコールドヘッドに発生する冷熱で液化・凍結し、冷媒
貯蔵槽内での窒素ガス供給路を閉塞してしまい、極低温
冷凍機が空運転の状態となったり、空気分離装置の圧縮
機に大きな背圧がかかったりして、冷媒貯蔵槽や空気分
離装置に大きな負荷が作用するという問題があった。本
発明は、このような点に着目してなされたもので、冷媒
貯蔵槽や空気分離装置に大きな負荷が作用することを防
止できる液体窒素製造装置を提供することを目的とす
る。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】上述の目的を達成するた
めに、本発明は、空気分離装置の製品槽に圧力検出機器
を配置し、製品槽の内圧が設定圧力に達したことを圧力
検出機器が検出することに基づき極低温冷凍機のコール
ドヘッドの運転を停止するとともに警報を発生するよう
に構成し、また冷媒貯蔵槽に負圧圧力センサーを配置
し、冷媒貯蔵槽内が負圧になったことを負圧圧力センサ
ーが検出することに基づき極低温冷凍機のコールドヘッ
ドの運転を停止するように構成したことを特徴とする。
【０００５】
【作用】本発明では、空気分離装置の製品槽に圧力検出
機器を配置し、製品槽の内圧が設定圧力に達したことを
圧力検出機器が検出することに基づき極低温冷凍機のコ
ールドヘッドの運転を停止するとともに警報を発生する
ように構成し、また冷媒貯蔵槽に負圧圧力センサーを配
置し、冷媒貯蔵槽内が負圧になったことを負圧圧力セン
サーが検出することに基づき極低温冷凍機のコールドヘ
ッドの運転を停止するように構成しているので、冷媒貯
蔵槽内で不純物が凍結してガス供給路を閉塞すると、空
気分離装置の製品槽での内圧が上昇したり、冷媒貯蔵槽
内に内圧が異常に低下すると、そのことを圧力検出機器
や負圧圧力センサーが検知し、極低温冷凍機のコールド
ヘッドの運転を停止することから、空気分離装置の圧縮
機や冷媒貯蔵槽に作用する負荷を軽減することができ
る。
【０００６】
【実施例】図面は本発明の実施例を示し、図１は概略構
成図、図２は断熱容器の要部縦断面図である。この液体
窒素製造装置は、断熱容器で構成した冷媒貯蔵槽(１)
と、この冷媒貯蔵槽(１)の上端開口部にコールドヘッド
(２)を配置した極低温冷凍機(３)と、冷媒貯蔵槽(１)に
冷媒ガスを供給する圧力振動式空気分離装置(４)とで構
成してある。なお、図中符号(５)は極低温冷凍機(３)の
圧縮機ユニットである。
【０００７】コールドヘッド(２)のコールドエンド(６)
は冷媒貯蔵槽(１)の上端開口部から冷媒貯蔵槽(１)内に
突入する状態で配置してある。そして、冷媒貯蔵槽(１)
の上端開口部では、コールドエンド(６)部分を取り囲む
状態で断熱材製リング(７)が配置してあり、この断熱材
製リング(７)の肉壁内に不純ガス除去精製器(８)の装着
孔(９)が立て向きに透設してある。
【０００８】不純ガス除去精製器(８)は、熱良導体製の
ケーシング(10)内に銅等の熱良導金属ウール(11)を充填
し、その突入先端部に多孔板(12)を装着して構成してあ
る。そして、この不純ガス除去精製器(８)は、その上端
寄り部を冷媒貯蔵槽(１)の上端開口部を閉塞する状態に
配置したベースフランジ(13)に着脱可能な状態で気密固
定するとともに、その下端部を断熱材製リング(７)の下
端面に配置した伝熱板にテーパー嵌合により取り付け固
定してある。
【０００９】また、冷媒貯蔵槽(１)には負圧圧力センサ
ー(14)が配置してあり、この負圧圧力センサー(14)が冷
媒貯蔵槽(１)内の圧力が所定の圧力以下に低下したこと
を検出すると、その検出信号が制御装置(15)に入力さ
れ、制御装置(15)からの出力で極低温冷凍機(３)のコー
ルドヘッド(２)の運転を停止するように構成してある。
また、負圧圧力センサー(14)の圧力連通管(16)に安全弁
(17)が配置してある。
【００１０】一方、空気分離装置(４)の製品槽(18)には
接点付き圧力計やトランスデーサ等の圧力検出機器(19)
が配置してあり、製品槽(18)内の圧力が不純ガス除去精
製器(８)の閉塞による昇圧又は圧縮機の故障及び性能低
下に伴う降圧による圧力変化に対し、設定圧力に達した
ことを圧力検出機器(19)が検出すると、その検出信号が
制御装置(15)に入力され、制御装置(15)からの出力で極
低温冷凍機(３)のコールドヘッド(２)の運転を停止する
とともに、警報を発するように構成してある。
【００１１】図中符号(20)は液体窒素移送管、(21)は空
気分離装置(４)の製品槽(18)と冷媒貯蔵槽(１)に装着し
た不純ガス除去精製器(８)とを連通接続する窒素ガス移
送管であり、この両移送管(20)(21)はいずれもメタルホ
ースで構成した可撓性管で構成してある。
【００１２】このように構成した液体窒素製造装置で
は、空気から分離精製した窒素ガスを利用して冷媒貯蔵
槽(１)内に液体窒素を生成するのであるが、空気分離装
置(４)で分離しきれなかった水分及び二酸化炭素ガスは
不純ガス除去精製器(18)内を通過する間に冷却された熱
良導金属ウール(11)と接触して凝縮付着して除去される
から、冷媒貯蔵槽(１)内には高純度の液体窒素が貯蔵さ
れることになる。
【００１３】そして、ガス導入路が凍結等で閉塞する
と、空気分離装置(４)の製品槽(18)での内圧が上昇し始
め、圧縮機の背圧となることから、圧縮機の性能が低下
することになる。このため、製品槽(18)での内圧が設定
した圧力に達すると、その圧力を圧力検出機器(19)が検
出し、極低温冷凍機(３)のコールドヘッド(２)の運転を
停止するとともに警報を発することになる。空気分離装
置(４)の圧縮機の故障、性能低下等による製品槽(18)の
圧力降下時も同様の作動をする。また、コールドヘッド
(２)の運転によって冷媒貯蔵槽(１)の内圧が所定の負圧
力よりも低くなったことを、冷媒貯蔵槽(１)に装着した
負圧圧力センサー(14)が検出した場合にもコールドヘッ
ド(２)の運転を停止する。
【００１４】なお、不純ガスの凍結によって不純ガス除
去精製器(18)が目詰まりした場合には、不純ガス除去精
製器(18)を冷媒貯蔵槽(１)から取り外し、新しい不純ガ
ス除去精製器(18)を冷媒貯蔵槽(１)にセットするととも
に、取り外した不純ガス除去精製器(18)を冷媒ガス移送
管(21)から分岐導出したガス放出口に接続して、空気分
離装置(４)で分離精製した窒素ガスの一部を放出するこ
とにより、不純ガス除去精製器(18)内に捕捉されていた
水分及び二酸化炭素ガスは窒素ガスでパージされ、不純
ガス除去精製器(18)を再生する。
【００１５】
【発明の効果】本発明では、空気分離装置の製品槽に圧
力検出機器を配置し、製品槽の内圧が設定圧力に達した
ことを圧力検出機器が検出することに基づき極低温冷凍
機のコールドヘッドの運転を停止するとともに警報を発
生するように構成し、また冷媒貯蔵槽に負圧圧力センサ
ーを配置し、冷媒貯蔵槽内が負圧になったことを負圧圧
力センサーが検出することに基づき極低温冷凍機のコー
ルドヘッドの運転を停止するように構成しているので、
冷媒貯蔵槽内で不純物が凍結してガス供給路を閉塞する
と、空気分離装置の製品槽での内圧が上昇したり、冷媒
貯蔵槽内に内圧が異常に低下すると、そのことを圧力検
出機器や負圧圧力センサーが検知し、極低温冷凍機のコ
ールドヘッドの運転を停止することから、空気分離装置
の圧縮機や冷媒貯蔵槽に作用する負荷を軽減することが
でき、空気分離装置や圧縮機を長期間安定して作動させ
ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施例を示す概略構成図である。
【図２】断熱容器の要部縦断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１…冷媒貯蔵槽、 ２…コールドヘ
ッド、３…極低温冷凍機、 ４…空気
分離装置、７…断熱材、 ８…
不純ガス除去精製器、10…ケーシング、
11…熱良導金属ウール、12…多孔板、
13…ベースフランジ、14…負圧圧力セン
サー、 18…空気分離装置の製品槽、19…
圧力検出機器。
フロントページの続き (72)発明者 菅崎 幸也 滋賀県守山市勝部町1095番地 イワタニプ ランテック株式会社滋賀工場内 (72)発明者 鐘江 剛 滋賀県守山市勝部町1095番地 イワタニプ ランテック株式会社滋賀工場内 (72)発明者 近藤 文五 滋賀県守山市勝部町1095番地 イワタニプ ランテック株式会社滋賀工場内 (56)参考文献 特開 平２−93282（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 平２−38091（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 特公 平５−38224（ＪＰ，Ｂ２) 特公 平６−5293（ＪＰ，Ｂ２) 実公 昭63−21837（ＪＰ，Ｙ２) 実公 平５−33911（ＪＰ，Ｙ２)

Claims (3)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項１】 断熱容器で形成した冷媒貯蔵槽(１)の上
    端開口部から極低温冷凍機(３)のコールドヘッド(２)を
    冷媒貯蔵槽(１)内に突入する状態で配置し、この冷媒貯
    蔵槽(１)に空気分離装置(４)で分離した窒素ガスを気体
    状態で注入し、コールドヘッド(２)からの冷熱で冷媒ガ
    スを液化させるように構成したガス液化装置において、 空気分離装置(４)の製品槽(18)に圧力検出機器(19)を配
    置し、製品槽(18)の内圧が設定圧力に達したことを圧力
    検出機器(19)が検出することに基づき極低温冷凍機(３)
    のコールドヘッド(２)の運転を停止するとともに警報を
    発生するように構成し、また冷媒貯蔵槽(１)に負圧圧力
    センサー(14)を配置し、冷媒貯蔵槽(１)内が負圧になっ
    たことを負圧圧力センサー(14)が検出することに基づき
    極低温冷凍機(３)のコールドヘッド(２)の運転を停止す
    るように構成したことを特徴とする簡易液体窒素製造装
    置。
  2. 【請求項２】 冷媒貯蔵槽(１)内でコールドヘッド(２)
    を取り囲む状態で断熱材(７)を配置し、この断熱材(７)
    を立て向きに貫通する状態で形成した開孔部に不純ガス
    除去精製器(８)を装着し、空気分離装置(４)からの冷媒
    ガスを不純ガス除去精製器(８)を介して冷媒貯蔵槽(１)
    内に供給するように構成した請求項１に記載の簡易液体
    窒素製造装置。
  3. 【請求項３】 不純ガス除去精製器(８)を熱良導体で形
    成したケーシング(10)内に熱良導金属ウール(11)を充填
    するとともに下端部に多孔板(12)を配置して構成した請
    求項２に記載の簡易液体窒素製造装置。
JP4280944A 1992-09-25 1992-09-25 簡易液体窒素製造装置 Expired - Fee Related JPH0726784B2 (ja)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4280944A JPH0726784B2 (ja) 1992-09-25 1992-09-25 簡易液体窒素製造装置
GB9300690A GB2274330B (en) 1992-09-25 1993-01-15 Simplified apparatus for producing liquid nitrogen
CA002087355A CA2087355C (en) 1992-09-25 1993-01-15 Simplified apparatus for producing liquid nitrogen
US08/005,818 US5327729A (en) 1992-09-25 1993-01-19 Simplified apparatus for producing liquid nitrogen
AU31882/93A AU3188293A (en) 1992-09-25 1993-01-19 Simplified apparatus for producing liquid nitrogen
FR9300643A FR2700836B1 (fr) 1992-09-25 1993-01-22 Appareil pour produire de l'azote liquide.
DE4302038A DE4302038C2 (de) 1992-09-25 1993-01-26 Vorrichtung für die Herstellung von flüssigem Stickstoff

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4280944A JPH0726784B2 (ja) 1992-09-25 1992-09-25 簡易液体窒素製造装置
GB9300690A GB2274330B (en) 1992-09-25 1993-01-15 Simplified apparatus for producing liquid nitrogen
CA002087355A CA2087355C (en) 1992-09-25 1993-01-15 Simplified apparatus for producing liquid nitrogen
US08/005,818 US5327729A (en) 1992-09-25 1993-01-19 Simplified apparatus for producing liquid nitrogen
AU31882/93A AU3188293A (en) 1992-09-25 1993-01-19 Simplified apparatus for producing liquid nitrogen
FR9300643A FR2700836B1 (fr) 1992-09-25 1993-01-22 Appareil pour produire de l'azote liquide.
DE4302038A DE4302038C2 (de) 1992-09-25 1993-01-26 Vorrichtung für die Herstellung von flüssigem Stickstoff

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP1953996A Division JP2816959B2 (ja) 1996-02-06 1996-02-06 簡易液体窒素製造装置

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH06109358A JPH06109358A (ja) 1994-04-19
JPH0726784B2 true JPH0726784B2 (ja) 1995-03-29

Family

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Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5327729A (ja)
JP (1) JPH0726784B2 (ja)
AU (1) AU3188293A (ja)
CA (1) CA2087355C (ja)
FR (1) FR2700836B1 (ja)
GB (1) GB2274330B (ja)

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FR2700836A1 (fr) 1994-07-29
AU3188293A (en) 1994-08-04
FR2700836B1 (fr) 1996-04-19
CA2087355C (en) 2002-08-06
JPH06109358A (ja) 1994-04-19
US5327729A (en) 1994-07-12
CA2087355A1 (en) 1994-07-16
GB2274330B (en) 1996-08-14
GB9300690D0 (en) 1993-03-03
GB2274330A (en) 1994-07-20

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