JPH0723274B2 - Granulation method for coarse bone fertilizer base materials such as fossil shells - Google Patents
Granulation method for coarse bone fertilizer base materials such as fossil shellsInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0723274B2 JPH0723274B2 JP63272790A JP27279088A JPH0723274B2 JP H0723274 B2 JPH0723274 B2 JP H0723274B2 JP 63272790 A JP63272790 A JP 63272790A JP 27279088 A JP27279088 A JP 27279088A JP H0723274 B2 JPH0723274 B2 JP H0723274B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- granulation
- base material
- pan
- crushing
- base materials
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 この発明は、粗骨肥料基材の粒状化方法に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for granulating a coarse bone fertilizer base material.
近年、農業事情を取り巻く環境は厳しく、肥料業界もそ
の影響により、農作業の省力化、生産費の節減を図る目
的から粒状肥料の要請が多くなっている。In recent years, the environment surrounding agricultural circumstances has been severe, and the fertilizer industry has been affected by the influence, so that the demand for granular fertilizers has been increasing for the purpose of labor saving of agricultural work and reduction of production cost.
従来、粗骨肥料基材の粒状化については、主として粉砕
を容易にし製品の圧密度を上げる目的から、第１図に示
すように、まず基材を粗砕して乾燥してから粉砕する。
そしてこれに肥料成分を補完する副資材と、造粒に必要
な結合材とを混入し、混練して造粒したものを分級し、
乾燥して製品化する方法が採用されていた。Conventionally, for granulation of a coarse bone fertilizer base material, the base material is first roughly crushed, dried and then crushed, as shown in FIG. 1, mainly for the purpose of facilitating the crushing and increasing the compaction density of the product.
Then, a secondary material that complements the fertilizer component and a binder necessary for granulation are mixed into this, and the kneaded and granulated material is classified,
The method of drying and commercializing was adopted.
なお、粗骨肥料基材としては、貝化石や貝の捨て殻、動
物の骨、肥料用岩石原料等が挙げられる。このうち、貝
化石は、主に北陸、北海道、九州および東北に産出する
もので、従来から乾燥粉末化して肥料として使用されて
いるが、土壌中で緩慢に溶解・反応し、酸性土壌を長期
に亘り矯正し、作物に窒素、リン酸、カリ等の主要な養
分吸収を促進させる等の優れた機能が認められるために
最近注目されているので、特に造粒化の要請が強い。Examples of the coarse bone fertilizer base material include fossil shells, abandoned shells of shellfish, animal bones, rock raw materials for fertilizers, and the like. Of these, shellfish fossils are mainly produced in Hokuriku, Hokkaido, Kyushu, and Tohoku, and have been used as fertilizer after being dried and powdered. Since it has been recently noticed that it has an excellent function such as straightening over a long period of time and accelerating the absorption of major nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium in crops, there is a strong demand for granulation.
従来の粗骨肥料基材の粒状化方法によれば、上述の如
く、基材をまず粉体にする工程を経てから造粒工程に移
行するために種々の問題があった。すなわち、基材から
粉体（粉末、微粉）を得るには、殊に含有水分の高い基
材であれば、乾燥及び粉砕工程が必要であり、それには
広い土地、設備投資、熱エネルギー、労務費等が必要と
され、時には公害の補償の問題も生じてくることから、
製品がどうしてもコスト高となることは避けられなかっ
た。According to the conventional method for granulating a rough bone fertilizer base material, as described above, there are various problems because the base material is first made into a powder and then to the granulation step. That is, in order to obtain powder (powder, fine powder) from a base material, especially for a base material having a high water content, a drying and crushing process is required, which requires a large land, capital investment, thermal energy, labor Since expenses are required, and sometimes problems of pollution compensation arise,
It was inevitable that the product would become expensive.
加えて、乾燥・粉砕調整された原料に副資材や粒状化促
進材を計量し混合する混練工程が必要であるが、これも
前記と同様に、設備設置に伴う土地、設備投資、エネル
ギー、騒音防止対策を要し、また、粒状化促進材が液体
の場合は、摩擦による水分の発熱があり、主としてこの
ことが原因で、排気誘導設備ならびに排気誘導系路の閉
塞現象の防止対策、補修費、労務費を必要とし、併せて
各設備間の連続化輸送機器が必要である。In addition, a kneading process that measures and mixes auxiliary materials and granulation accelerators with the dried and crushed raw material is necessary, but this is also similar to the above, land, equipment investment, energy, noise accompanying installation of equipment. Preventive measures are required, and when the granulation promoting material is a liquid, heat is generated due to friction, and this is mainly the cause of the preventive measures and repair costs of the exhaust induction equipment and exhaust induction system blockage phenomenon. , Labor costs are required, and continuous transportation equipment between each facility is required.
また、混練された原料は造粒機（パン造粒の場合は連続
運転）へ輸送されるが、輸送量が一定でないとパン内の
運動が崩れ、不良品が排出される。また、水スプレ位
置、スプレ量の監視が必要であった。Further, the kneaded raw materials are transported to a granulator (continuous operation in the case of bread granulation), but if the transportation amount is not constant, the motion in the bread is disrupted and defective products are discharged. Also, it was necessary to monitor the position and amount of water spray.
この発明は、上記のような実情に鑑みて、造粒が合理的
になされるために、その前工程として乾燥と粉砕の工程
を省略でき、一つのパン内において混合・粉砕・造粒の
工程を一挙になし得る貝化石等の粗骨肥料基材の粒状化
方法を提供することを目的としたものである。In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention makes it possible to omit the steps of drying and crushing as pre-steps because the granulation is rationalized, and the steps of mixing, crushing and granulating in one pan are possible. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for granulating a coarse bone fertilizer base material such as a fossil shell that can achieve all of the above.
上記の目的を達成するためのこの発明の構成は、基材を
粗砕する工程の次に、乾燥と粉砕の工程を省略し、粗砕
した基材をパン内に副資材と結合材と共に混入し、パン
内において逆流式高速混合により混合・粉砕・造粒する
ことをその要旨とする。The structure of the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is that, after the step of crushing the base material, the steps of drying and crushing are omitted, and the crushed base material is mixed in the pan together with the auxiliary material and the binder. However, the main point is to mix, crush and granulate by high-speed backflow mixing in a pan.
上記の構成によれば、基材を粗砕しただけで副資材や結
合材と共にパンに投入し、パン内において直ちに粉砕す
るが、その粉砕が強力な逆流式高速混合によるので、乾
燥がなされていなくても、所望の形態に粉砕や造粒が可
能であり、基材に含まれていた水分が却って造粒のため
に利用されるため、造粒中に水の供給が不要であり、必
要としても僅少で足りる。According to the above configuration, the base material is roughly crushed and put into the pan together with the auxiliary materials and the binder, and immediately crushed in the pan. Even if it is not necessary, it can be pulverized or granulated into a desired form, and since the water contained in the base material is used for granulation instead, it is not necessary to supply water during granulation. However, a small amount is sufficient.
逆流式高速混合は、パン内においてその中心に対して偏
心して設けられた攪拌工具がパンと逆方向に回転するの
で、基材が強力に破砕して粉体化される。また、工具の
形状によっては原料が躍動し、躍動により互いに摩擦し
ながら粒状化する。In the high-speed backflow mixing, the stirring tool provided eccentrically with respect to the center of the pan rotates in the opposite direction to the pan, so that the base material is strongly crushed and pulverized. Further, depending on the shape of the tool, the raw material vibrates, and due to the dynamic movement, the raw materials vibrate and are granulated.
副資材の混入は製造目的の製品により計算値＋αの添加
でよい。なお、副資材添加物としてMg、Ｂ（ホウ素）が
ある。また、肥料には水中崩壊性テストがあるが、これ
に対しては分散促進材として塩化物系のものを1.0％前
後添加すればよい 粒状化促進材については、対象作物或は使用目的により
粉体または液体のものを選択的に添加する。粉体と液体
（固型物換算）とのいずれの場合も、基材に対して1.5
％以内の添加量で足りる。To mix in secondary materials, add the calculated value + α depending on the product intended for manufacturing. Incidentally, there are Mg and B (boron) as auxiliary material additives. Fertilizers also have a water disintegration test. For this, a chloride-based dispersion promoter may be added at around 1.0%. Granulation promoters may be powdered depending on the target crop or intended use. Add body or liquid selectively. 1.5 for the base material in both powder and liquid (solid matter equivalent)
% Addition amount is sufficient.
また、最近ではゴルフ場向けの目土として着色粒状品が
要望されるが、顔料を添加すればその要望に応えること
ができる。Recently, a colored granular product has been demanded as a soil for golf courses, but the demand can be met by adding a pigment.
〔実施例１〕 次に、この発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。First Embodiment Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
原材料およびその使用割合は次の通りである。The raw materials and their usage rates are as follows.
（Ｃ−MgO 3.0％保証） 〔実施例２〕 （原材料） （使用割合） 基 材 貝化石 100 副資材 副産塩基性 苦土肥料 8.0 ほう砂 0.8 結合材 リグニンスルホン酸塩 1.0 貝化石はローラ間に通すことにより粗く粉砕する。しか
しこれは他の手段、例えばハンマーで叩打する方法等に
よってもよい。このようにして粗砕した材料は、副資材
や結合材、分散促進材と共に計量し、次工程の逆流式高
速混合工程に移行する。その工程には商品名でアイリッ
ヒ逆流式高速混合機（ドイツ、アイリッヒ社製、日本ア
イリッヒ株式会社販売）と称される装置（以下単に混合
機と言う）を使用した。(C-MgO 3.0% guarantee) [Example 2] (Raw material) (Ratio of use) Base material Fossil shell 100 By-product Basic by-product Basic magnesia fertilizer 8.0 Borax 0.8 Binder ligninsulfonate 1.0 Shell fossil is roughly crushed by passing it between rollers. However, this may be done by other means, such as tapping with a hammer. The material thus roughly crushed is weighed together with the auxiliary material, the binder, and the dispersion promoting material, and the process is transferred to the backflow high-speed mixing process of the next process. In the process, an apparatus (hereinafter, simply referred to as a mixer) referred to by a trade name as an Eich-backflow high-speed mixer (manufactured by Eirich, Germany, sold by Japan Eirich Co., Ltd.) was used.
この混合機は、逆流原理に基づくもので、原料を入れた
パン１が時計方向に回転し、その中でパン中心に対して
偏心して取り付けられた攪拌工具２の混合羽根３には、
すくい角が付けられており、攪拌工具２が原料を跳ね上
げながら、パン１の中を相対的に円軌道を描いて回転す
るので、原料に万遍なく水平、垂直の流れが起きる。ま
た、パン１周辺の原料は、固定されたスクレーパによっ
て再び混合領域に戻される。This mixer is based on the backflow principle, in which the pan 1 containing the raw materials rotates clockwise, and in the mixing blades 3 of the stirring tool 2 eccentrically attached to the center of the pan,
Since a rake angle is provided and the stirring tool 2 flips up the raw material and rotates in a relatively circular path in the pan 1, horizontal and vertical flows of the raw material occur evenly. Further, the raw material around the bread 1 is returned to the mixing area again by the fixed scraper.
このような機構に加えて、高速アジテータ５を導入でき
る。この高速アジテータ５は、パン１の中に取り付けら
れ、高速で回転することにより、打撃、摩擦の作用を発
揮する。また回転数、処理条件等を設定することによ
り、造粒効果を持たせることができる。この造粒の特徴
は、粒子がほぼ均一で密度が高いことである。In addition to such a mechanism, the high speed agitator 5 can be introduced. The high speed agitator 5 is mounted in the pan 1 and rotates at a high speed to exert the effects of striking and rubbing. Further, the granulation effect can be provided by setting the number of rotations, processing conditions and the like. The characteristic of this granulation is that the particles are almost uniform and have a high density.
液体は、パン１の中に導かれるパイプ、あるいはスプレ
ーノズルによって供給され、蒸気の吹き込みは混合層の
中に差し込まれた蒸気噴射管によって行なわれる。The liquid is supplied by a pipe introduced into the pan 1 or a spray nozzle, and the injection of steam is carried out by a steam injection pipe inserted in the mixing layer.
また、原料の供給は上部から、排出は下部中央から行な
われる。The raw materials are supplied from the upper part and discharged from the lower center.
以上のように、この混合機は、種々の原料の加工に適
し、その均質化、粉砕、ほぐし活性化、調湿、混練、造
粒という多機能を有している。この優れた機能を発揮で
きる理由は、通常比投入動力が１〜4KW/100lに対し、独
特の工具の選択により10〜29KW/100lまで高め、強力混
合をなし得るからである。強力混合の利点としては単位
設備コスト或は据付面積当りの処理量が大きいことが挙
げられる。さらに、この混合機によれば、次のような利
点がある。As described above, this mixer is suitable for processing various raw materials and has multiple functions such as homogenization, crushing, loosening activation, humidity control, kneading, and granulation. The reason why this excellent function can be exhibited is that the specific power input is usually 1 to 4 kW / 100 liters, but it can be increased to 10 to 29 kW / 100 liters by selecting a unique tool, and strong mixing can be achieved. The advantage of strong mixing is that the unit equipment cost or the amount of processing per installation area is large. Furthermore, this mixer has the following advantages.
１）装置において工具の調整によりライナー、スクレパ
ーの摩耗が小さい。1) In the machine, the wear of the liner and scraper is small by adjusting the tool.
２）パン内は高速回転により打撃・摩擦作用により飛散
・流動し位置変換が活発であることから混合効果が向上
する。2) The mixing effect is improved because the inside of the pan scatters and flows due to striking and frictional action due to high-speed rotation and position conversion is active.
３）従来困難であった顔料・固着剤等の添加も分塊・分
解し均一に混合される。3) Addition of pigments, fixing agents, etc., which was difficult in the past, is lumped, decomposed and mixed uniformly.
４）工具の種類、回転数処理条件等の設定により造粒
（核、種子）効果を持たせる。そのため粒状品はほゞ均
一で密度が高い。4) A granulation (nucleus, seed) effect is provided by setting the type of tool, the rotation speed processing condition, and the like. Therefore, the granular product is almost uniform and has a high density.
５）装置はコンパクトに出来ており、作業環境が良好で
あり、またタイマー設定で自動化も可能である。5) The device is compact and has a good working environment. It can also be automated by setting a timer.
６）補修費も僅少で済む。6) Repair costs are minimal.
そこで、混合機に粗砕された貝化石を副資材と結合材と
共に投入すると、混合・粉砕・造粒が行われるので、次
にパン１から排出した粒状の貝化石肥料を乾燥し、分級
することによって製品化する。Then, when the coarsely crushed shell fossil is put into the mixer together with the auxiliary materials and the binder, the mixture is crushed and granulated, so that the granular shell fossil fertilizer discharged from the pan 1 is dried and classified. Commercialize by
混合機においては、バッチ方式のため、条件設定により
最良の運転状態が得られ、不良粒状品の排出がない。し
かも、貝化石には10〜20％の水分が含まれているが、こ
れはそのまま造粒の必要水分に利用されるので、造粒時
に水の補給は不要となり、必要としても僅少で足りる。
この点については、皿型造粒法においては、水の散布の
ための作業員を必要としたが、その作業員は不要とな
る。Since the mixer is a batch system, the best operating condition is obtained by setting the conditions, and no defective granular product is discharged. Moreover, the fossil shell contains 10 to 20% of water, but since it is used as it is for the necessary water for granulation, it is not necessary to replenish the water during the granulation, and even if necessary, it is very small.
In this regard, the dish-type granulation method requires a worker for spraying water, but the worker is not needed.
また、従来の造粒機には危険防止対策が必要であるが、
この混合機によれば、パンが密閉して運転されるため、
何ら危険がないことは勿論、騒音も少く原材料が飛散す
る不都合もない。In addition, the conventional granulator requires a risk prevention measure,
According to this mixer, since the pan is hermetically operated,
Not only is there no danger, there is no noise and there is no inconvenience that raw materials are scattered.
以上説明したように、基材を粗砕する工程の次に、造粒
工程に至るまでの前処理としての乾燥と粉砕の工程が省
かれるため、乾燥や粉砕のための土地、設備投資、エネ
ルギー、補修費、監視要員が不要となり、乾燥は造粒後
の比較的簡単な工程で足り、しかも造粒前における乾燥
の省略は、原料中の水分を造粒に寄与させる結果となる
ため、粗骨肥料基材の粒状化について巧みにコストダウ
ンを計り得たという優れた効果がある。As explained above, after the step of roughly crushing the base material, the steps of drying and crushing as a pretreatment up to the granulation step are omitted, so the land, equipment investment, and energy for drying and crushing are omitted. No need for repair costs and monitoring personnel, drying is a relatively simple process after granulation, and omission of drying before granulation results in the water in the raw material contributing to granulation. There is an excellent effect that the cost can be skillfully reduced for the granulation of the bone fertilizer base material.
加えて騒音や危険が少なく安全且つ良好な環境で操業が
可能となるという効果もある。In addition, there is an effect that it is possible to operate in a safe and favorable environment with less noise and danger.
第１図は従来例を説明するチャート図、第２図はこの発
明の実施例を説明するチャート図、第３図および第４図
はこの発明の実施に使用した逆流式高速混合機の縦断面
図および要部横断面図である。 １……パン、２……攪拌工具、３……混合羽根、５……
高速アジテータFIG. 1 is a chart diagram for explaining a conventional example, FIG. 2 is a chart diagram for explaining an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are vertical cross-sections of a backflow high-speed mixer used for practicing the present invention. It is a figure and a principal part transverse cross section. 1 ... Pan, 2 ... Stirring tool, 3 ... Mixing blade, 5 ...
High speed agitator
Claims (1)
工程を省略し、粗砕した基材をパン内に副資材と結合材
と共に混入し、パン内において逆流式高速混合により混
合・粉砕・造粒することを特徴とする貝化石等の粗骨肥
料基材の粒状化方法。1. After the step of crushing the base material, the steps of drying and crushing are omitted, and the crushed base material is mixed in the pan together with the auxiliary materials and the binder, and the reverse flow type high speed mixing is performed in the pan. A method for granulating coarse bone fertilizer base material such as fossil shells, characterized by mixing, pulverizing and granulating by.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63272790A JPH0723274B2 (en) | 1988-10-28 | 1988-10-28 | Granulation method for coarse bone fertilizer base materials such as fossil shells |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63272790A JPH0723274B2 (en) | 1988-10-28 | 1988-10-28 | Granulation method for coarse bone fertilizer base materials such as fossil shells |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02120288A JPH02120288A (en) | 1990-05-08 |
| JPH0723274B2 true JPH0723274B2 (en) | 1995-03-15 |
Family
ID=17518780
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63272790A Expired - Fee Related JPH0723274B2 (en) | 1988-10-28 | 1988-10-28 | Granulation method for coarse bone fertilizer base materials such as fossil shells |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0723274B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20020000097A (en) * | 2000-06-21 | 2002-01-04 | 김명오 | A process of fertilizer a componet with powdered bones and phosphorus |
| DE10062598B4 (en) * | 2000-12-15 | 2010-12-23 | Basf Se | Process for the targeted agglomeration of fertilizers |
| KR100432418B1 (en) * | 2001-08-29 | 2004-05-22 | 정경자 | Manufacturing process of granule multinutrient fertilizer using crushed waste shells |
-
1988
- 1988-10-28 JP JP63272790A patent/JPH0723274B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH02120288A (en) | 1990-05-08 |
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