JPH07176217A - Water-tree resistant cable - Google Patents
Water-tree resistant cableInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07176217A JPH07176217A JP5320244A JP32024493A JPH07176217A JP H07176217 A JPH07176217 A JP H07176217A JP 5320244 A JP5320244 A JP 5320244A JP 32024493 A JP32024493 A JP 32024493A JP H07176217 A JPH07176217 A JP H07176217A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- crown
- tree
- cable
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 240000005572 Syzygium cordatum Species 0.000 title abstract description 23
- 235000006650 Syzygium cordatum Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 23
- 239000002633 crown compound Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004703 cross-linked polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920003020 cross-linked polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 11
- YSSSPARMOAYJTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzo-18-crown-6 Chemical compound O1CCOCCOC2=CC=CC=C2OCCOCCOC2=CC=CC=C21 YSSSPARMOAYJTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 9
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007765 extrusion coating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003983 crown ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005680 ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- XEZNGIUYQVAUSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 18-crown-6 Chemical compound C1COCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO1 XEZNGIUYQVAUSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- BBGKDYHZQOSNMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 Chemical compound O1CCOCCOC2CCCCC2OCCOCCOC2CCCCC21 BBGKDYHZQOSNMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006242 ethylene acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006244 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006225 ethylene-methyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002678 macrocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables
Landscapes
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、耐水トリー性を向上さ
せたケーブルに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cable having improved water tree resistance.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来から、高圧電力ケーブルとして架橋
ポリエチレン絶縁ケーブルが汎用されている。この架橋
ポリエチレン絶縁ケーブルは、一般に、導体上に、三層
同時押出により内部半導電層、架橋ポリエチレン絶縁体
層、外部半導電層を形成し、その外周に外被を被覆して
構成したもので、絶縁耐力および体積固有抵抗が高い、
誘電率や誘電正接が小さいなどの特長を有している。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a crosslinked polyethylene insulated cable has been widely used as a high voltage power cable. This crosslinked polyethylene insulation cable is generally constructed by forming an inner semiconductive layer, a crosslinked polyethylene insulation layer, and an outer semiconductive layer on a conductor by three-layer coextrusion, and covering the outer circumference with a jacket. , High dielectric strength and high volume resistivity,
It has features such as low dielectric constant and low dielectric loss tangent.
【０００３】しかしながら、一方で、この種のケーブル
においては、水トリーが発生すると電気特性が大きく劣
化するという問題があり、その改善が強く求められてい
る。このような耐水トリー性の改善手段としては、添加
剤の使用により、水トリーの発生および進展に大きく関
与するとされるイオン性不純物の絶縁体層への混入もし
くは影響を抑える方法が知られている。On the other hand, however, in this type of cable, there is a problem that the electrical characteristics are greatly deteriorated when a water tree is generated, and improvement thereof is strongly demanded. As a means for improving such water tree resistance, a method is known in which the use of an additive suppresses the mixing or influence of ionic impurities, which are considered to be greatly involved in the generation and development of water trees, in the insulating layer. .
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、従来よ
り知られる添加剤では、イオン性不純物の絶縁体層への
混入、あるいはその影響を十分に防止することができ
ず、耐水トリー性を大きく向上させることができなかっ
た。However, with the conventionally known additives, it is not possible to sufficiently prevent the mixing of ionic impurities into the insulating layer, or the effect thereof, so that the water tree resistance is greatly improved. I couldn't.
【０００５】そこで本発明者らは鋭意研究を重ねた結
果、イオン性不純物のなかでも特に金属陽イオンが水ト
リーの発生および進展に有害であり、このような金属陽
イオンの影響を抑えることにより、耐水トリー性を顕著
に改善しうることを見出した。本発明はこのような知見
に基づいてなされたもので、金属陽イオンの絶縁体層へ
の混入、あるいはその影響を防止して、耐水トリー性を
大幅に向上させたケーブルを提供することを目的とす
る。Therefore, as a result of intensive studies by the present inventors, among the ionic impurities, metal cations are particularly harmful to the generation and development of water trees, and by suppressing the influence of such metal cations. It was found that the water tree resistance can be remarkably improved. The present invention has been made based on such findings, and an object of the present invention is to provide a cable in which metal cations are prevented from being mixed into the insulating layer or the influence thereof, and the water tree resistance is significantly improved. And
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の耐水トリー性ケ
ーブルは、導体上に、内部半導電層、絶縁体層、外部半
導電層、および外被を順に形成してなるケーブルにおい
て、前記内部または外部半導電層と前記絶縁体層のいず
れか一方、または両方にクラウン化合物が配合されてな
ることを特徴としている。A water resistant tree cable of the present invention is a cable comprising an inner semiconductive layer, an insulator layer, an outer semiconductive layer, and an outer cover formed in this order on a conductor. Alternatively, one or both of the outer semiconductive layer and the insulator layer is blended with a crown compound.
【０００７】本発明に使用されるクラウン化合物は、電
子供与性のドナー原子として酸素、窒素、硫黄などのヘ
テロ原子を環構造中にもち、金属イオンなどの陽イオン
を環の空孔内に取り込む機能をもつ大環状化合物で、ド
ナー原子として酸素のみをもつクラウンエーテル、その
酸素の一部を窒素としたアザクラウンエーテル、一部を
硫黄としたチアクラウンエーテル、酸素、窒素、硫黄の
3種をドナー原子とするアザチアクラウンエーテルなど
がある。具体的には、ジベンゾ-18-クラウン-6、ジシク
ロヘキシル-18-クラウン-6、 18-クラウン-6などが使用
され、なかでも沸点の高いジベンゾ-18-クラウン-6が好
適に使用される。また、このようなクラウン化合物の配
合量としては、内部半導電層や外部半導電層、あるいは
絶縁体層を構成するベース材料中に 0.1〜10重量％程度
が適当で、かかる配合によって、内部半導電層や外部半
導電層、あるいは絶縁体層中に存在し、水トリーの発生
および進展に悪影響を及ぼす金属陽イオンの移行、拡散
を効果的に防止することができ、これによりケーブルの
耐水トリー性を大きく向上させることができる。The crown compound used in the present invention has a heteroatom such as oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur as an electron-donating donor atom in the ring structure, and incorporates a cation such as a metal ion into the vacancy of the ring. A functional macrocyclic compound, a crown ether having only oxygen as a donor atom, an azacrown ether having a part of the oxygen as nitrogen, a thiacrown ether having a part of the sulfur as oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur.
There are azathia crown ethers with three donor atoms. Specifically, dibenzo-18-crown-6, dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6, 18-crown-6 and the like are used, and among them, dibenzo-18-crown-6 having a high boiling point is preferably used. The amount of such a crown compound to be compounded is preferably about 0.1 to 10% by weight in the base material forming the inner semiconductive layer, the outer semiconductive layer, or the insulating layer. It is possible to effectively prevent the migration and diffusion of metal cations that exist in the conductive layer, the outer semiconductive layer, or the insulating layer and adversely affect the generation and development of the water tree. It is possible to greatly improve the property.
【０００８】なお、本発明の絶縁体層としては、ポリエ
チレンや架橋ポリエチレンなどを押出被覆したものが好
適する。また、内部および外部半導電層としては、ポリ
エチレンや、エチレン−アクリル酸共重合体（ＥＡ
Ａ）、エチレン−メチルアクリレート共重合体（ＥＭ
Ａ）、エチレン−エチルアクリレート共重合体（ＥＥ
Ａ）、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体（ＥＶＡ）、エチ
レン−プロピレン共重合体（ＥＰ）、エチレン−プロピ
レン−ジエン共重合体（ＥＰＤＭ）、エチレン−メチル
メタクリレート共重合体（ＥＭＭＡ）などのエチレン系
共重合体に導電性カーボンを配合した公知の半導電材料
を押出被覆したものがあげられる。さらに、外被として
は、軟質塩化ビニル樹脂シースや、金属シースなどの公
知の任意のものが使用される。The insulator layer of the present invention is preferably formed by extrusion coating polyethylene or crosslinked polyethylene. Further, as the inner and outer semiconductive layers, polyethylene or an ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer (EA
A), ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer (EM
A), ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer (EE
A), ethylene-based polymers such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), ethylene-propylene copolymer (EP), ethylene-propylene-diene copolymer (EPDM), ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer (EMMA) Examples thereof include those obtained by extrusion-coating a known semiconductive material obtained by blending a conductive carbon with a copolymer. Further, as the outer cover, a known arbitrary one such as a soft vinyl chloride resin sheath or a metal sheath is used.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】本発明の耐水トリー性ケーブルでは、内部また
は外部半導電層、あるいは絶縁体層に配合したクラウン
化合物によって、内部または外部半導電層からの絶縁体
層への金属陽イオンの移行、あるいは絶縁体層中での金
属陽イオンの拡散が防止される結果、水トリーの発生お
よび進展が抑えられ、耐水トリー性が大幅に向上する。In the water resistant tree cable of the present invention, the migration of metal cations from the inner or outer semiconductive layer to the insulator layer is prevented by the crown compound compounded in the inner or outer semiconductive layer or the insulator layer. As a result of preventing the diffusion of metal cations in the insulating layer, the generation and development of water trees are suppressed, and the water tree resistance is significantly improved.
【００１０】[0010]
【実施例】次に、図面に示す本発明の実施例について説
明する。Embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described below.
【００１１】実施例 図１に示すように、断面積 150mm2 の銅撚線導体１上
に、ポリエチレンに37重量％の導電性カーボンを配合し
た半導電性ポリエチレン組成物を押出被覆して、1mm厚
の内部半導電層２を設けた後、その上に、ポリエチレン
に 1.6重量％の架橋剤ジクミルパーオキサイド（ＤＣ
Ｐ）および 1重量％のジベンゾ-18-クラウン-6を配合し
た絶縁性ポリエチレン組成物を押出被覆し、加熱架橋さ
せて、 6mm厚の絶縁体層３を設け、さらに、その上に、
内部半導電層２で用いたものと同じ半導電性ポリエチレ
ン組成物を押出被覆して、 0.5mm厚の外部半導電層４を
形成した。次いで、外部半導電層４上に、軟質塩化ビニ
ル樹脂を押出被覆して 3mm厚の外被５を形成した。EXAMPLE As shown in FIG. 1, a copper stranded wire conductor 1 having a cross-sectional area of 150 mm 2 was extrusion-coated with a semiconductive polyethylene composition in which 37% by weight of polyethylene was mixed with conductive carbon, and was coated with 1 mm. After providing the thick inner semiconductive layer 2, 1.6% by weight of the cross-linking agent dicumyl peroxide (DC) is added to the polyethylene.
P) and 1% by weight of dibenzo-18-crown-6 are blended onto the insulating polyethylene composition by extrusion coating and heat-crosslinked to provide a 6 mm thick insulator layer 3 on which
The same semiconducting polyethylene composition used for the inner semiconducting layer 2 was extrusion coated to form a 0.5 mm thick outer semiconducting layer 4. Then, a soft vinyl chloride resin was extrusion-coated on the outer semiconductive layer 4 to form a jacket 5 having a thickness of 3 mm.
【００１２】得られたケーブルについて、耐水トリー性
を評価した。すなわち、外被７を部分的に除去して水槽
中に浸漬し、 1か月間、13kV、1kHzの条件で浸水課電し
て、水トリーの発生の有無を調べたところ、内導トリ
ー、外導トリー、ボウタイ状トリーのいずれも観察され
なかった。なお、ジベンゾ-18-クラウン-6を配合しない
点を除いて実施例と同様に製造したケーブルについて同
様に試験した結果、19個/cm3 のボウタイ状トリーの発
生が認められた。内導トリーおよび外導トリーは観察さ
れなかった。The water resistance of the obtained cable was evaluated. That is, when the outer cover 7 was partially removed and immersed in a water tank, and the presence of a water tree was examined by applying flooding electricity under the conditions of 13 kV and 1 kHz for 1 month, it was confirmed that Neither the guiding tree nor the bowtie tree was observed. A cable produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that dibenzo-18-crown-6 was not added was tested in the same manner, and as a result, 19 pcs / cm 3 of bowtie-shaped trees were found. No inner or outer conducting tree was observed.
【００１３】なお、これとは別に、上記絶縁性ポリエチ
レン組成物、すなわち、 1.6重量％のＤＣＰおよび 1重
量％のジベンゾ-18-クラウン-6を含有する絶縁性ポリエ
チレン組成物を用いて、 1mm厚のジベンゾ-18-クラウン
-6含有架橋ポリエチレンシートを作製して、その耐水ト
リー性を調べ、ジベンゾ-18-クラウン-6を添加すること
を除いて同様に作製した 1mm厚の架橋ポリエチレンシー
トのそれと比較した。すなわち、各架橋ポリエチレンシ
ートの片面を粗面化処理し、この粗面化した面を 1mol/
l の食塩水に接触させた状態で、厚さ方向に 2週間、 1
kV、1kHzの条件で課電して、水トリーの発生状態を調べ
た。結果は、水トリーの発生面積が、ジベンゾ-18-クラ
ウン-6含有架橋ポリエチレンシートで25％、ジベンゾ-1
8-クラウン-6を含まない架橋ポリエチレンシートで40
％、また、水トリーの最大長がジベンゾ-18-クラウン-6
含有架橋ポリエチレンシートで 380μｍ、ジベンゾ-18-
クラウン-6を含まない架橋ポリエチレンシートで 650μ
ｍと、ジベンゾ-18-クラウン-6の添加が水トリー性の発
生および進展抑制に効果のあることが確認された。Separately from this, the above-mentioned insulating polyethylene composition, that is, the insulating polyethylene composition containing 1.6% by weight of DCP and 1% by weight of dibenzo-18-crown-6 was used. Dibenzo-18-crown
A 6-containing crosslinked polyethylene sheet was prepared and its water tree resistance was examined and compared with that of a 1 mm thick crosslinked polyethylene sheet prepared in the same manner except that dibenzo-18-crown-6 was added. That is, one surface of each cross-linked polyethylene sheet was roughened, and the roughened surface was treated with 1 mol / mol.
2 weeks in the thickness direction with contact with l saline
Electricity was applied under the conditions of kV and 1 kHz, and the generation state of the water tree was examined. The results show that the water tree generation area was 25% for dibenzo-18-crown-6 containing crosslinked polyethylene sheet, dibenzo-1
8-cross-linked polyethylene sheet without Crown-6 40
%, And the maximum length of water tree is dibenzo-18-crown-6
Contained cross-linked polyethylene sheet 380 μm, dibenzo-18-
650μ with cross-linked polyethylene sheet without Crown-6
It was confirmed that the addition of m and dibenzo-18-crown-6 is effective in suppressing the occurrence and progress of water tree properties.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の効果】以上の実施例からも明らかなように、本
発明の耐水トリー性ケーブルによれば、内部または外部
半導電層と絶縁体層のいずれか一方、または両方に配合
したクラウン化合物により、これらの層に含まれる金属
陽イオンの移行、拡散が防止されるため、水トリーの発
生および進展が抑制され、耐水トリー性を向上させるこ
とができる。As is apparent from the above examples, according to the water resistant tree cable of the present invention, it is possible to use the crown compound compounded in either or both of the inner or outer semiconductive layer and the insulator layer. Since the migration and diffusion of the metal cations contained in these layers are prevented, the generation and development of water trees are suppressed, and the water tree resistance can be improved.
【図１】本発明の一実施例の耐水トリー性ケーブルを示
す断面図。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a water resistant tree cable according to an embodiment of the present invention.
１………銅撚線導体 ２………内部半導電層 ３………絶縁体層 ４………外部半導電層 ５………外被 1 --- Copper stranded conductor 2 --- Inner semi-conductive layer 3 --- Insulator layer 4 --- External semi-conductive layer 5 ---
Claims (1)
部半導電層、および外被を順に形成してなるケーブルに
おいて、前記内部または外部半導電層と前記絶縁体層の
いずれか一方、または両方にクラウン化合物が配合され
てなることを特徴とする耐水トリー性ケーブル。1. A cable in which an inner semiconductive layer, an insulating layer, an outer semiconductive layer, and an outer cover are sequentially formed on a conductor, wherein either the inner or outer semiconductive layer and the insulating layer are formed. A water resistant tree resistant cable, characterized in that one or both of them is blended with a crown compound.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5320244A JPH07176217A (en) | 1993-12-20 | 1993-12-20 | Water-tree resistant cable |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5320244A JPH07176217A (en) | 1993-12-20 | 1993-12-20 | Water-tree resistant cable |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07176217A true JPH07176217A (en) | 1995-07-14 |
Family
ID=18119336
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5320244A Withdrawn JPH07176217A (en) | 1993-12-20 | 1993-12-20 | Water-tree resistant cable |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07176217A (en) |
-
1993
- 1993-12-20 JP JP5320244A patent/JPH07176217A/en not_active Withdrawn
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A300 | Withdrawal of application because of no request for examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300 Effective date: 20010306 |